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Robert W. Fairlie

Citations

Many of the citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc, where a more detailed citation analysis can be found. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. See under "Corrections" how you can help improve the citation analysis.

Blog mentions

As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
  1. Fairlie, Robert W & Robb, Alicia M., 2005. "Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5gk2188g, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Mentioned in:

    1. Kristen Lewis: Inequality: Shifting the Spotlight From Wall Street to Your Street
      by Kristen Lewis in Huffington Post Business on 2013-07-09 20:47:35
  2. Fairlie, Robert W. & Kapur, Kanika & Gates, Susan, 2010. "Is Employer-Based Health Insurance a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?," IZA Discussion Papers 5203, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Mentioned in:

    1. Employer-based health insurance and growth
      by Economic Logician in Economic Logic on 2010-11-02 20:54:00
  3. Robert Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2011. "The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes. Evidence from a Field Experiment with Schoolchildren," Working Papers 11-14, NET Institute, revised Sep 2011.

    Mentioned in:

    1. About those computers Kevin was organising . . .
      by Nicholas Gruen in Club Troppo on 2011-12-21 17:18:05

RePEc Biblio mentions

As found on the RePEc Biblio, the curated bibliography of Economics:
  1. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2020. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Minority Unemployment: First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata," CESifo Working Paper Series 8327, CESifo.

    Mentioned in:

    1. > Economics of Welfare > Health Economics > Economics of Pandemics > Specific pandemics > Covid-19 > Economic consequences > Socioeconomic status
  2. Robert W. Fairlie, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions," NBER Working Papers 27462, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Mentioned in:

    1. > Economics of Welfare > Health Economics > Economics of Pandemics > Specific pandemics > Covid-19 > Economic policy > Business support
  3. Fairlie, Robert W., 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Evidence of Early-Stage Losses from the April 2020 Current Population Survey," IZA Discussion Papers 13311, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Mentioned in:

    1. > Economics of Welfare > Health Economics > Economics of Pandemics > Specific pandemics > Covid-19 > Economic policy > Business support

Wikipedia or ReplicationWiki mentions

(Only mentions on Wikipedia that link back to a page on a RePEc service)
  1. Robert W. Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2013. "Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 5(3), pages 211-240, July.

    Mentioned in:

    1. Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren (American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 2013) in ReplicationWiki ()
  2. Robert W. Fairlie & Dean Karlan & Jonathan Zinman, 2015. "Behind the GATE Experiment: Evidence on Effects of and Rationales for Subsidized Entrepreneurship Training," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 125-161, May.

    Mentioned in:

    1. Behind the GATE Experiment: Evidence on Effects of and Rationales for Subsidized Entrepreneurship Training (American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2015) in ReplicationWiki ()

Working papers

  1. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Mats Hammarstedt & Per Skedinger, 2025. "Immigrant self-employment in turbulent times," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 1023-1046, August.
    2. Anthony Kambi Masha & Siphenathi Fihla, 2025. "Alleviation of poverty through entrepreneurship in savings and credit associations – Stokvels – a case study from South Africa," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 7(1), pages 159-173, March.

  2. George Bulman & Robert W. Fairlie, 2022. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Community College Enrollment and Student Success: Evidence from California Administrative Data," CESifo Working Paper Series 9668, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Binelli, Chiara & Comi, Simona Lorena & Meschi, Elena & Pagani, Laura, 2024. "Every Cloud Has a Silver Lining: The Role of Study Time and Class Recordings on University Students' Performance during COVID-19," IZA Discussion Papers 17173, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Jonathan A. Tillinghast & Dr. James W. Mjelde & Anna Yeritsyan, 2023. "COVID-19 and Grade Inflation: Analysis of Undergraduate GPAs During the Pandemic," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, November.
    3. Prudencio, Daniel & Balmori-de-la-Miyar, Jose & Silverio-Murillo, Adan & Sobrino, Fernanda, 2024. "Examining COVID-19’s disruptive effect on education in Mexican universities," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    4. Elisa Failache & Nicolás Fiori & Noemi Katzkowicz & Alina Machado & Luciana Méndez, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 on higher education: Evidence from Uruguay," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 22-02, Instituto de Economía - IECON.
    5. Dagorn, Etienne & Moulin, Léonard, 2025. "Dropping out of university in response to the COVID-19 pandemic," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    6. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Ilie, S. & Maragkou, K., 2024. "University admissions during a pandemic," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2458, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    8. Schanzenbach, Diane W. & Turner, Sarah, 2022. "Limited supply and lagging enrollment: Production technologies and enrollment changes at community colleges during the pandemic," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    9. Emara, Noha & Atkinson, Mycaeri & Karn, Sumit & Tryon, Tiffany, 2025. "Analyzing non-linear and interactive impacts of distance learning on college enrollment post-COVID-19," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 2112-2125.
    10. Elisa Failache & Noemí Katzkowicz & Cecilia Parada & Martina Querejeta & Tatiana Rosá, 2024. "Gendered Impacts of COVID-19 on University Enrollment and Major Choices," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 24-05, Instituto de Economía - IECON.
    11. Fernanda Estevan & Lucas Finamor, 2022. "School closures and educational path: how the Covid-19 pandemic affected transitions to college," Papers 2210.00138, arXiv.org.
    12. Etienne Dagorn & Elena Claudia Meroni & Léonard Moulin, 2025. "Shifting Preferences: COVID-19 and Higher Education Application," Working Papers 303, French Institute for Demographic Studies.
    13. Marina Bonaccolto-Töpfer & Carolina Castagnetti, 2024. "The COVID-19 pandemic: a threat to higher education? Evidence from a large university in Northern Italy," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 58(1), pages 1-13, December.
    14. Elisa Failache, 2023. "Taking advantage of COVID-19? Online learning, descentralization and tertiary education," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 23-09, Instituto de Economía - IECON.
    15. Cassandra M.D. Hart & Di Xu & Emily Alonso & Michael Hill, 2025. "COVID-19 in California Community Colleges: College Responses, College Resources, and Student Outcomes," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 66(1), pages 1-28, February.
    16. Andrea Barigazzi & Claudia Zola, 2025. "Postsecondary Education Attendance and the Business Cycle in Europe. Is the Future of Young Adults Related to the Welfare Regime?," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 66(7), pages 1-38, November.

  3. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2022. "The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot: Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities," NBER Working Papers 29732, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Congregado, Emilio & Fossen, Frank M. & Rubino, Nicola & Troncoso, David, 2024. "Long-Term Effects of Shocks on New Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 16930, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.
    3. Fulvia Fringuellotti & Thomas Kroen, 2024. "Payout Restrictions and Bank Risk-Shifting," Staff Reports 1123, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    4. Iryna Demko & Ana Claudia Sant’Anna, 2023. "Impact of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender on the SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Loan Amounts," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(3), pages 211-229, August.

  4. Fairlie, Robert W. & Fossen, Frank M. & Johnsen, Reid & Droboniku, Gentian, 2022. "Were Small Businesses More Likely to Permanently Close in the Pandemic?," IZA Discussion Papers 15445, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Marianna Brunetti & Anzelika Zaiceva, 2025. "Is Self-Employment for Migrants? Evidence from Italy," Working Papers - Economics wp2025_06.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    2. Teng Ye & Jingnan Zheng & Junhui Jin & Jingyi Qiu & Wei Ai & Qiaozhu Mei, 2024. "Using Artificial Intelligence to Unlock Crowdfunding Success for Small Businesses," Papers 2407.09480, arXiv.org.
    3. Michele Battisti & Filippo Belloc & Massimo Del Gatto, 2023. "COVID-19, Innovative Firms and Resilience," WIPO Economic Research Working Papers 73, World Intellectual Property Organization - Economics and Statistics Division.
    4. Karen Chapple & Laura Schmahmann, 2023. "Can we “Claim†the Workforce? A Labor-Focused Agenda for Economic Development in the Face of an Uncertain Future," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(1), pages 14-19, February.
    5. Martins, Ana & Pereira dos Santos, João & Pozzobon, Fernando, 2025. "Sailing Through Troubled Waters: Evidence from Support Discontinuities to Firms in Times of Crisis," IZA Discussion Papers 18136, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Karolis Matikonis & Matthew Gobey, 2024. "Small Business Property Tax Reductions and Firm Productivity," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 307-324, January.
    7. Ana Martins & João Pereira dos Santos & Fernando Pozzobon, 2025. "Sailing through Troubled Waters: Evidence from the APOIAR Program," GEE Papers 190, Gabinete de Estratégia e Estudos, Ministério da Economia, revised May 2025.
    8. Francesco Martielli & Antonio Salvi & Emanuele Doronzo, 2024. "Corporate social responsibility practices and value creation through open innovation approach: Evidence from the STOXX Europe 600 Index," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(5), pages 4732-4745, September.
    9. Grijalva, Diego, 2023. "Women-led firms’ performance during the Covid-19 pandemic. Evidence from an emerging economy," MPRA Paper 117225, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Miller, Jason W. & Phares, Jonathan & Burks, Stephen V., 2025. "Bring Out the Bulls: Employment Dynamics of Trucking Firms During Highly Expansive Market Conditions," IZA Discussion Papers 17627, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Zhou, Nan & Sun, Ruohan, 2024. "Coping with the storm: The role of fintech in SME survival," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    12. Gao, Haoyu & Li, Jinxuan & Wen, Huiyu, 2023. "Bank funding costs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    13. Rebecca Alguera Kleine & Bingbing Ge & Alfredo Massis, 2024. "Look in to look out: strategy and family business identity during COVID-19," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 993-1018, October.
    14. Ekin Ayse Özsuca, 2024. "Agribusiness resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of credit constraints," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 70(12), pages 591-605.

  5. Oliver, Daniel & Fairlie, Robert & Millhauser, Glenn & Roland, Randa, 2021. "Minority student and teaching assistant interactions in STEM," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt46g2x44r, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Holford, Angus J. & Sen, Sonkurt, 2025. "Racial Representation among Academics and Students’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 17944, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Angus Holford & Sonkurt Sen, 2023. "Racial Representation Among Academics and Students’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series crctr224_2023_471, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany.
    3. Trang Pham & Yung-Yu Tsai, 2024. "The Roles of Faculty Hiring and Retention in Shaping Diversity and Representation in US Higher Education Institutions: A Retrospective and Prospective Analysis from 2001 to 2035," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 65(7), pages 1420-1460, November.

  6. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2021. "Sales Losses in the First Quarter of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from California Administrative Data," NBER Working Papers 28414, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.
    2. Michael D. Noel, 2022. "Competitive survival in a devastated industry: Evidence from hotels during COVID‐19," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1), pages 3-24, February.

  7. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2021. "Did the $660 Billion Paycheck Protection Program and $220 Billion Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program Get Disbursed to Minority Communities in the Early Stages of COVID-19?," NBER Working Papers 28321, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Lender Automation and Racial Disparities in Credit Access," NBER Working Papers 29364, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Maksim Belitski & Christina Guenther & Alexander S. Kritikos & Roy Thurik, 2022. "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 593-609, February.
    3. Kristopher Deming & Stephan Weiler, 2023. "Banking Deserts and the Paycheck Protection Program," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(3), pages 259-276, August.
    4. Alberto J. Caban-Martinez & Claudia Parvanta & Naciely Cabral & Cynthia K. Ball & Adrienne Eastlake & Jeffrey L. Levin & Kevin Moore & Dalia Nessim & Ernie Stracener & Matthew S. Thiese & Paul A. Schu, 2022. "Barriers to SARS-CoV-2 Testing among U.S. Employers in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis Conducted January through April 2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-12, September.
    5. Vijay Kumar & Hammam Alshazly & Sahar Ahmed Idris & Sami Bourouis, 2021. "Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Society, Environment, Economy, and Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.
    6. Greenwald, Daniel L. & Howell, Sabrina T. & Li, Cangyuan & Yimfor, Emmanuel, 2024. "Regulatory arbitrage or random errors? Implications of race prediction algorithms in fair lending analysis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    7. Esabel Phiri & Ntsieni Fitzgerald Ramasimu, 2025. "Difficulties Encountered by SMMEs in uMhlathuze Municipality Due to COVID-19 Crisis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-21, January.
    8. Aaron J. Staples & Thomas P. Krumel, 2023. "The Paycheck Protection Program and small business performance: Evidence from craft breweries," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 931-956, October.
    9. Khlystova, Olena & Kalyuzhnova, Yelena & Belitski, Maksim, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the creative industries: A literature review and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1192-1210.
    10. Steiner, Eva & Tchistyi, Alexei, 2024. "Distortionary effects of PPP loans on business competition," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).

  8. West, Jeremy & Fairlie, Robert W & Pratt, Bryan & Rose, Liam, 2021. "Automated Enforcement of Irrigation Regulations and Social Pressure for Water Conservation," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2bq5f1zq, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Wietelman, Derek & Wichman, Casey & Brent, Daniel A., 2025. "Conservation and Distributional Consequences of Pricing Scarce Water During Droughts," RFF Working Paper Series 25-07, Resources for the Future.
    2. Jesper Akesson & Robert Hahn & Rajat Kochhar & Robert Metcalfe, 2025. "Do Water Audits Work?," Natural Field Experiments 00820, The Field Experiments Website.

  9. Mistree, Dinsha & Loyalka, Prashant & Fairlie, Robert & Bhuradia, Ashutosh & Angrish, Manyu & Lin, Jason & Karoshi, Amar & Yen, Sara J & Mistri, Jamsheed & Bayat, Vafa, 2021. "Instructional interventions for improving COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, behaviors: Evidence from a large-scale RCT in India," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6qv9j440, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. James Allen IV & Arlete Mahumane & James Riddell IV & Tanya Rosenblat & Dean Yang & Hang Yu, 2021. "Teaching and Incentives: Substitutes or Complements?," NBER Working Papers 28976, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Holden, Stein T. & Katengeza, Samson & Tione, Sarah & Tilahun, Mesfin, 2022. "Knowledge, beliefs, perceptions, and behavior related to the corona (COVID-19) pandemic among university students in Malawi," CLTS Working Papers 7/22, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Centre for Land Tenure Studies.

  10. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2021. "The Evolving Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gender Inequality in the U.S. Labor Market: The COVID Motherhood Penalty," IZA Discussion Papers 14811, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Viollaz, Mariana & Salazar-Saenz, Mauricio & Flabbi, Luca & Bustelo, Monserrat & Bosch, Mariano, 2022. "The COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean countries: The Labor Supply Impact by Gender," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 12456, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. Bratti, Massimiliano & Brunetti, I. & Corvasce, A. & Maida, Agata & Ricci, Andrea, 2024. "Did COVID-19 (Permanently) Raise the Demand for "Teleworkable" Jobs?," IZA Discussion Papers 16906, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Price, Brendan & Wasserman, Melanie, 2022. "The Summer Drop in Female Employment," CEPR Discussion Papers 17354, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Pažický Martin, 2023. "The Effects of Social Distancing Measures on COVID-19 Spreads in European Countries," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 23(2), pages 105-158, June.
    5. Deng, Jingyuan & Elmallakh, Nelly & Flabbi, Luca & Gatti, Roberta V., 2023. "Labor Market Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the West Bank and Gaza," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10587, The World Bank.
    6. Pierre E Biscaye & Dennis Egger & Utz J. Pape, 2025. "Adolescent Schooling and Adult Labor Supply: Evidence from COVID-19 School Closures and Reopenings in Kenya," Post-Print hal-05213752, HAL.
    7. Juan Duran-Vanegas, 2022. "Gender Gaps in the Labor Market Effects of COVID-19: Evidence for Mexico," Trinity Economics Papers tep0422, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics, revised May 2022.
    8. Marchionni Mariana & Berniell Inés & Gaspatini Leonardo & Viollaz Mariana, 2022. "The Role of Children and Work-from-Home in Gender Labor Market Asymmetries: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin America," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4612, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    9. Haroon Bhorat & Timothy Köhler, 2024. "The Labour Market Effects of Cash Transfers to the Unemployed: Evidence from South Africa," Working Papers 202405, University of Cape Town, Development Policy Research Unit.
    10. Kairon Shayne D. Garcia & Benjamin W. Cowan, 2022. "The Impact of U.S. School Closures on Labor Market Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic," NBER Working Papers 29641, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Benjamin Hansen & Joseph J. Sabia & Jessamyn Schaller, 2022. "Schools, Job Flexibility, and Married Women's Labor Supply," NBER Working Papers 29660, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Kozhaya, Mireille, 2022. "The double burden: The impact of school closures on labor force participation of mothers," Ruhr Economic Papers 956, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    13. Sabina Issehnane & Léonard Moulin, 2024. "In the Eye of the Storm: the Disrupted Career Paths of Young People in the Wake of COVID-19," Working Papers 291, French Institute for Demographic Studies.
    14. Anna Anastasopoulou & Eftichia Vraimaki & Panagiotis Trivellas, 2023. "Recovery for Resilience: The Mediating Role of Work–Life Balance on the Quality of Life of Women Employees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-18, August.
    15. Fang, Tony & Gunderson, Morley & Ha, Viet Hoang & Ming, Hui, 2024. "Intersectional Analysis of the Labour Market Impacts of COVID: The Triple-Whammy of Females, Children, and Lower Skill," IZA Discussion Papers 17235, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    16. Tessa Conroy & Anil Rupasingha, 2025. "Childcare closures and female entrepreneurship," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 74(2), pages 1-28, June.
    17. Jon D. Samuels, 2023. "Introducing Demographic Labor Market Data into the U.S. National Accounts," BEA Papers 0118, Bureau of Economic Analysis.
    18. Erick Rangel González & Irving Llamosas-Rosas & Sara Hutchinson Tovar, 2024. "Analysis of the initial effects of COVID-19 on jobs affiliated to IMSS, at the national and regional level, by sex and age groups," Working Papers 2024-08, Banco de México.
    19. Despina Gavresi & Anastasia Litina & George Mavropoulos & Sofia Tsitou, 2024. "The Role of Gender and Family Norms on the COVID-19 Spread in Europe," Discussion Paper Series 2024_06, Department of Economics, University of Macedonia, revised Jun 2024.
    20. Modestino, Alicia Sasser & Finn, Zachary & Ladge, Jamie & Lincoln, Alisa, 2025. "Childcare as Infrastructure: The Impact of COVID-19 on Childcare and Gender Equity," IZA Discussion Papers 18004, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    21. Ege Aksu & Prabal K. De & Laxman Timilsina, 2024. "New evidence on the health and employment effects of non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 interventions on workers in the United States," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 67(6), pages 2771-2819, December.
    22. Katherine Lim & Mike Zabek, 2021. "Women’s Labor Force Exits during COVID-19: Differences by Motherhood, Race, and Ethnicity," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-067r1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), revised 03 Jul 2023.
    23. Sunoong Hwang & Heeju Shin, 2023. "Gender Gap in Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea: A Decomposition Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.
    24. Osuna-Gomez, Daniel, 2023. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on post-great recession entrants: Evidence from Mexico," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    25. Léonard Moulin & Mara Soncin, 2023. "Persistent and Gender-Unequal Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Student Outcomes in Italy," Working Papers 277, French Institute for Demographic Studies.
    26. Joseph Richardson, 2023. "Health Risks and Labour Supply," Working Papers 379420583, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department.
    27. Lafuente, Cristina & Ruland, Astrid & Santaeulàlia-Llopis, Raül & Visschers, Ludo, 2023. "The effects of Covid-19 on couples’ job tenures: Mothers have it worse," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    28. Wichmann, Bruno & Wichmann, Roberta, 2022. "COVID-19 and Indigenous health in the Brazilian Amazon," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    29. Moulin, Léonard & Soncin, Mara, 2025. "Persistent impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on student outcomes in Italy," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(2).

  11. Fairlie, Robert W, 2020. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Small Business Owners: Evidence of Early-Stage Losses from the April 2020 Current Population Survey," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt89w827c9, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Joe Piacentini & Harley Frazis & Peter B. Meyer & Michael Schultz & Leo Sveikauskas, 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets and Inequality," Economic Working Papers 551, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
    2. Christopher Hoy & Laban Simbeye & Aliisa Koivisto & Mashekwa Maboshe & Muhammad Abdullah Ali Malik, 2024. "How Have Formal Firms Recovered From the Pandemic? Insights From Survey and Tax Administrative Data in Zambia," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 33(5), pages 538-561.
    3. Goodhart, Charles A.E. & Tsomocos, Dimitrios P. & Wang, Xuan, 2023. "Support for small businesses amid COVID‐19," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118164, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Jennifer F. Helgeson & Juan F. Fung & Alfredo R. Roa-Henriquez, 2020. "Rationally bounded in a storm of complex events: Small businesses facing natural hazard resilience during a pandemic," Journal of Behavioral Economics for Policy, Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics (SABE), vol. 4(S3), pages 55-65, December.
    5. Wei Cheng & Patrick Carlin & Joanna Carroll & Sumedha Gupta & Felipe Lozano Rojas & Laura Montenovo & Thuy D. Nguyen & Ian M. Schmutte & Olga Scrivner & Kosali I. Simon & Coady Wing & Bruce Weinberg, 2020. "Back to Business and (Re)employing Workers? Labor Market Activity During State COVID-19 Reopenings," NBER Working Papers 27419, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Itzhak Ben-David & Mark J. Johnson & René M. Stulz, 2021. "Models Behaving Badly: The Limits of Data-Driven Lending," NBER Working Papers 29205, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Kristopher Deming & Stephan Weiler, 2023. "Banking Deserts and the Paycheck Protection Program," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(3), pages 259-276, August.
    8. Fisayo Fagbemi & Tolulope T. Osinubi & Olufemi S. Olatunde, 2022. "COVID-19 and Unemployment: Showcasing Sub-Saharan African Experience," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 11(1), pages 24-33, June.
    9. Webster, Allan & Khorana, Sangeeta & Pastore, Francesco, 2021. "The Effects of COVID-19 on Employment, Labour Markets and Gender Equality in Central America," IZA Discussion Papers 14481, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Virgil Henry Storr & Stefanie Haeffele & Jordan K. Lofthouse & Anne Hobson, 2022. "Entrepreneurship during a pandemic," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 83-105, August.
    11. Francesco Campobasso & Michele Samuele Borgia & Francesco Albergo, 2023. "Facing the storm: Lessons from corporate social responsibility during the covid pandemic," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(6), pages 3174-3188, November.
    12. Mindes, Samuel C.H. & Lewin, Paul, 2021. "Self-employment through the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of linked monthly CPS data," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 16(C).
    13. Ruben Juarez & Nicole Siegal & Alika Maunakea, 2022. "The effects of COVID-19 vaccine mandates in Hawaii," Working Papers 2022-1, University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
    14. Robert W. Fairlie, 2020. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions," CESifo Working Paper Series 8581, CESifo.
    15. Takeda, Asami & Truong, Hoa T. & Sonobe, Tetsushi, 2022. "The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium enterprises in Asia and their digitalization responses," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    16. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2021. "Did the $660 Billion Paycheck Protection Program and $220 Billion Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program Get Disbursed to Minority Communities in the Early Stages of COVID-19?," NBER Working Papers 28321, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Anca Elena Lungu & Ioana Andreea Bogoslov & Eduard Alexandru Stoica & Mircea Radu Georgescu, 2021. "From Decision to Survival—Shifting the Paradigm in Entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-23, July.
    18. John Eric Humphries & Christopher Neilson & Gabriel Ulyssea, 2020. "Information Frictions and Access to the Paycheck Protection Program," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2247, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    19. Margarida Rodrigues & Mário Franco & Nuno Sousa & Rui Silva, 2021. "Reviewing COVID-19 Literature on Business Management: What It Portends for Future Research?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, May.
    20. Uma Shankar Yadav & Ravindra Tripathi & Mano Ashish Tripathi, 2022. "Adverse impact of lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on micro-small and medium enterprises (Indian handicraft sector): A study on highlighted exit strategies and important determinants," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-10, December.
    21. M. A. Hannan & M. S. Abd Rahman & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & R. A. Begum & Pin Jern Ker & M. Mansor & M. S. Mia & M. J. Hossain & Z. Y. Dong & T. M. I. Mahlia, 2022. "Impact Assessment of COVID-19 Severity on Environment, Economy and Society towards Affecting Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-23, November.
    22. Justine Kyove & Katerina Streltsova & Ufuoma Odibo & Giuseppe T. Cirella, 2021. "Globalization Impact on Multinational Enterprises," World, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-15, April.
    23. Shinae L. Choi & Erin R. Harrell & Kimberly Watkins, 2022. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Business Ownership Across Racial/Ethnic Groups and Gender," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 5(4), pages 307-317, December.
    24. Adriana AnaMaria Davidescu & Simona-Andreea Apostu & Aurel Marin, 2021. "Forecasting the Romanian Unemployment Rate in Time of Health Crisis—A Univariate vs. Multivariate Time Series Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-31, October.
    25. Christoph Albert & Andrea Caggese & Beatriz González, 2020. "The short- and long-run employment impact of COVID-19 through the effects of real and financial shocks on new firms," Working Papers 2039, Banco de España.
    26. Marina Sheresheva & Marina Efremova & Lilia Valitova & Anna Polukhina & Georgy Laptev, 2021. "Russian Tourism Enterprises’ Marketing Innovations to Meet the COVID-19 Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, March.
    27. Naudé, Wim, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Recovery from COVID-19: Decentralization, Democratization, Demand, Distribution, and Demography," IZA Discussion Papers 13436, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    28. Abriham Ebabu Engidaw, 2022. "Small businesses and their challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries: in the case of Ethiopia," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, December.
    29. Kalenkoski, Charlene M. & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2020. "Initial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Employment and Hours of Self-Employed Coupled and Single Workers by Gender and Parental Status," IZA Discussion Papers 13443, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    30. Cirera,Xavier & Comin,Diego Adolfo & Vargas Da Cruz,Marcio Jose & Lee,Kyungmin & Torres Coronado,Jesica, 2022. "Technology and Resilience," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9949, The World Bank.
    31. Etienne Farvaque & Hira Iqbal & Nicolas Ooghe, 2020. "Health politics? Determinants of US states’ reactions to COVID-19," Post-Print hal-03128875, HAL.
    32. Kamaha Njiwa, Marinette & Atif, Muhammad & Arshad, Muhammad & Mirza, Nawazish, 2023. "The impact of female dominance on business resilience: A technology adoption perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    33. Louis-Philippe Beland & Oluwatobi Fakorede & Derek Mikola, 2020. "The Short-Term Effect of COVID-19 on Self-Employed Workers in Canada," Carleton Economic Papers 20-10, Carleton University, Department of Economics.
    34. Rodrigo Ignacio Barra Novoa, 2021. "Makro- und mikroökonomische Analyse der Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie in Chile und der Projektionen der Zentralbank [Macro and Microeconomic Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in ," Post-Print hal-03331327, HAL.
    35. Christopher Boudreaux & Anand Jha & Monica Escaleras, 2021. "Weathering the Storm: How Foreign Aid and Institutions Affect Entrepreneurship Following Natural Disasters," Papers 2104.12008, arXiv.org.
    36. Liu, Yanyan & Ma, Shuang & Mu, Ren, 2024. "Pandemic experiences and the post-lockdown economic recovery: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    37. Alina O. Shapovalova & Yuriy B. Ivanov & Victoriia F. Tyschenko & Vlada V. Karpova, 2021. "Assessment of the effectiveness of anti-COVID tax support for innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in OECD countries," Journal of Tax Reform, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, vol. 7(1), pages 68-86.
    38. Fairlie, Robert W, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Continued Losses and the Partial Rebound in May 2020," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt21f993s2, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    39. Gabriela Lelo de Larrea & Mehmet Altin & Emrah Koçak & Fevzi Okumus, 2024. "Paycheck Protection Program and lending discrimination in the US hospitality industry," Tourism Economics, , vol. 30(7), pages 1780-1799, November.
    40. Takiko Igarashi & Asami Takeda & Hoa T. Truong & Tetsushi Sonobe, 2022. "Evolving Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Asia," ADBI Working Papers 1286, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    41. Apedo Amah,Marie Christine & Avdiu,Besart & Cirera,Xavier & Vargas Da Cruz,Marcio Jose & Davies,Elwyn Adriaan Robin & Grover,Arti Goswami & Iacovone,Leonardo & Kilinc,Umut & Medvedev,Denis & Maduko,Fr, 2020. "Unmasking the Impact of COVID-19 on Businesses : Firm Level Evidence from Across the World," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9434, The World Bank.
    42. Olivia S. Kim & Jonathan A. Parker & Antoinette Schoar, 2020. "Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic," NBER Working Papers 28151, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    43. Bansak, Cynthia & Grossbard, Shoshana & Wong, Crystal (Ho Po), 2021. "Mothers' Caregiving during COVID: The Impact of Divorce Laws and Homeownership on Women's Labor Force Status," IZA Discussion Papers 14408, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    44. Ashraf Mishrif & Asharul Khan, 2023. "Technology adoption as survival strategy for small and medium enterprises during COVID-19," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-23, December.
    45. Orkida Ilollari & Petraq Papajorgji & Ardian Civici, 2024. "Stimulating the Post-COVID-19 Economic Recovery Scenarios to Evaluate Students' Understanding," International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development (IJSKD), IGI Global Scientific Publishing, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, January.
    46. Ainon Ramli & Liafisu Sina Yekini, 2022. "Cash Flow Management among Micro-Traders: Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-21, September.
    47. Pengpeng Yue & Aslihan Gizem Korkmaz & Zhichao Yin & Haigang Zhou, 2021. "Household-owned Businesses’ Vulnerability to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(6), pages 1662-1674, May.
    48. Meyer, Christian Johannes & Hardy, Morgan & Witte, Marc & Kagy, Gisella & Demeke, Eyoual, 2021. "The market-reach of pandemics: Evidence from female workers in Ethiopia’s ready-made garment industry," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    49. Malalgoda, Narendra & Lim, Siew Hoon, 2023. "Online shopping, brick-and-mortar retailers and transit ridership in the U.S," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    50. J. Q. Cheong, 2022. "A global review of COVID-19 Assistance Program for Small Business," GATR Journals jber218, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    51. Margarida Rodrigues & Mário Franco & Nuno Sousa & Rui Silva, 2021. "COVID 19 and the Business Management Crisis: An Empirical Study in SMEs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, May.
    52. Ana María Rodríguez-López & Susana Rubio-Valdehita & Eva María Díaz-Ramiro, 2021. "Influence of the CoViD-19 Pandemic on Mental Workload and Burnout of Fashion Retailing Workers in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-18, January.

  12. Fairlie, Robert W, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Continued Losses and the Partial Rebound in May 2020," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt21f993s2, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Torres,Jesica & Maduko,Franklin Okechukwu & Gaddis,Isis & Iacovone,Leonardo & Beegle,Kathleen G., 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women-Led Businesses," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9817, The World Bank.
    2. Jelle Schepers & Pieter Vandekerkhof & Yannick Dillen, 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on Growth-Oriented SMEs: Building Entrepreneurial Resilience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. John Eric Humphries & Christopher Neilson & Gabriel Ulyssea, 2020. "Information Frictions and Access to the Paycheck Protection Program," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2247, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    4. Betcherman,Gordon & Giannakopoulos,Nicholas & Laliotis,Ioannis & Pantelaiou,Ioanna & Testaverde,Mauro & Tzimas,Giannis, 2020. "Reacting Quickly and Protecting Jobs : The Short-Term Impacts of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Greek Labor Market," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9356, The World Bank.
    5. Dean A. Shepherd & Trenton A. Williams, 2023. "Different response paths to organizational resilience," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 23-58, June.
    6. Kalenkoski, Charlene M. & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2020. "Initial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Employment and Hours of Self-Employed Coupled and Single Workers by Gender and Parental Status," IZA Discussion Papers 13443, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Sabar, Parisa & Rasa, Mohammad Mirwais, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on Women-Led SMEs in Kabul: Linking and Understanding their Role in Trade and Empowerment," MPRA Paper 122511, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 08 Oct 2024.
    8. Ana Sequeira & Cristina Manteu & Nuno Monteiro, 2020. "The short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Portuguese companies," Working Papers o202003, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    9. Shai Bernstein & Richard R. Townsend & Ting Xu, 2020. "Flight to Safety: How Economic Downturns Affect Talent Flows to Startups," NBER Working Papers 27907, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Cong, Lin William & Yang, Xiaohan & Zhang, Xiaobo, "undated". "SMEs Amidst the Pandemic and Reopening: Digital Edge and Transformation," Applied Economics and Policy Working Paper Series 317045, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    11. Sumedha Gupta & Kosali I. Simon & Coady Wing, 2020. "Mandated and Voluntary Social Distancing During The COVID-19 Epidemic: A Review," NBER Working Papers 28139, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Ayman wael AL-Khatib & Ahmed Shuhaiber, 2022. "Green Intellectual Capital and Green Supply Chain Performance: Does Big Data Analytics Capabilities Matter?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    13. Thapa, Manish, 2020. "Coping with COVID impact on self-employment: Do gender and academic education matters?," MPRA Paper 105062, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Sedov, Dmitry, 2022. "Restaurant closures during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive analysis," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    15. Thapa, Manish, 2020. "Coping with COVID impact on self-employment: Do gender and academic education matters?," MPRA Paper 105050, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Pengpeng Yue & Aslihan Gizem Korkmaz & Zhichao Yin & Haigang Zhou, 2021. "Household-owned Businesses’ Vulnerability to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(6), pages 1662-1674, May.
    17. Islam Elgammal & Mashhour Hani Baeshen & Ghada Talat Alhothali, 2022. "Entrepreneurs’ Responses to COVID-19 Crisis: A Holistic Dynamic Capabilities Perspective in the Saudi Food and Beverage Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    18. Chara Vavoura, 2024. "The Rise of the Superstars: Uncovering the Composition Effect of International Trade That Cements the Dominant Position of Big Businesses," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    19. Minyahil Assefa, 2023. "COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions and Small Business Survival Strategy: Government Supporting Schemes," Business Perspectives and Research, , vol. 11(2), pages 227-245, May.

  13. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia Robb & David T. Robinson, 2020. "Black and White: Access to Capital among Minority-Owned Startups," NBER Working Papers 28154, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Ahnert, Toni & Doerr, Sebastian & Pierri, Nicola & Timmer, Yannick, 2022. "Information Technology in Banking and Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 17335, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Lender Automation and Racial Disparities in Credit Access," NBER Working Papers 29364, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Sarah Armitage & Noël Bakhtian & Adam Jaffe, 2024. "Innovation Market Failures and the Design of New Climate Policy Instruments," Environmental and Energy Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 5(1), pages 4-48.
    4. Alhorr, Layane, 2024. "Virtual Windows Through Glass Walls? Digitalization for Low-Mobility Female Entrepreneurs," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10803, The World Bank.
    5. Job Boerma & Loukas Karabarbounis, 2022. "Reparations and Persistent Racial Wealth Gaps," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2022, volume 37, pages 171-221, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Bento, Pedro & Hwang, Sunju, 2023. "Barriers to black entrepreneurship: Implications for welfare and aggregate output over time," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 16-34.
    7. Benjamin Collier & Sabrina T. Howell & Lea Rendell, 2024. "After the Storm: How Emergency Liquidity Helps Small Businesses Following Natural Disasters," Working Papers 24-20, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    8. Nevo, Saggi, 2025. "Atypical entrepreneurs in the venture idea elaboration phase," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(2).
    9. Vuković, Darko B. & Hassan, M. Kabir & Kwakye, Bernard & Febtinugraini, Armike & Shakib, Mohammed, 2024. "Does fintech matter for financial inclusion and financial stability in BRICS markets?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    10. Zheng, Yi & Ren, He, 2024. "COVID-19 vaccination and housing payments," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    11. Kim, Mee Jung & Lee, Kyung Min & Brown, J. David & Earle, John S., 2021. "Black Entrepreneurs, Job Creation, and Financial Constraints," IZA Discussion Papers 14403, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Eugene Tan & Teegawende H. Zeida, 2023. "Consumer Demand and Credit Supply as Barriers to Growth for Black-Owned Startups," Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers 079, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
    13. Jianqiu Bai & William Kerr & Chi Wan & Alptug Y. Yorulmaz, 2025. "Everyone Steps Back? The Widespread Retraction of Crowd-Funding Support for Minority Creators When Migration Fear Is High," Post-Print hal-04846591, HAL.
    14. Rachel Atkins & Lisa Cook & Robert Seamans, 2022. "Discrimination in lending? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 843-865, February.
    15. Helena Liu, 2024. "Teaching Race in Business Schools: The Challenges and Possibilities of Anti-Racist Education," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 193(4), pages 749-764, September.
    16. Ewens, Michael, 2022. "Race and Gender in Entrepreneurial Finance," SocArXiv djf8z, Center for Open Science.
    17. Greenwald, Daniel L. & Howell, Sabrina T. & Li, Cangyuan & Yimfor, Emmanuel, 2024. "Regulatory arbitrage or random errors? Implications of race prediction algorithms in fair lending analysis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    18. Ma, Jiantao & Sarker, Anindo & Unel, Bulent, 2025. "Does credit expansion encourage small businesses to incorporate? Evidence from US bank deregulations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    19. Ströbel, Johannes & Howell, Sabrina & Kuchler, Theresa & Snitkof, David, 2021. "Racial Disparities in Access to Small Business Credit: Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," CEPR Discussion Papers 16623, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    20. John Edward Sabelhaus & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2021. "Racial Wealth Disparities: Reconsidering the Roles of Human Capital and Inheritance," Working Papers 22-3, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    21. Krieger, Bastian & Füner, Lena & Prüfer, Malte, 2024. "Which start-ups win public procurement tenders?," ZEW Discussion Papers 24-072, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    22. Sergey Chernenko & David S. Scharfstein, 2022. "Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program," NBER Working Papers 29748, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    23. Marta Morazzoni & Andrea Sy, 2021. "Female Entrepreneurship, Financial Frictions and Capital Misallocation in the US," Working Papers 1299, Barcelona School of Economics.
    24. Catherine E. Fazio & Jorge Guzman & Yupeng Liu & Scott Stern, 2021. "How is COVID Changing the Geography of Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the Startup Cartography Project," NBER Working Papers 28787, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    25. Shahriar Akter & Saida Sultana & Marcello Mariani & Samuel Fosso Wamba & Konstantina Spanaki & Yogesh Dwivedi, 2023. "Advancing algorithmic bias management capabilities in AI-driven marketing analytics research," Post-Print hal-04194438, HAL.
    26. Rosanna Garcia & Daniel W. Baack, 2023. "The Invisible Racialized Minority Entrepreneur: Using White Solipsism to Explain the White Space," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 188(3), pages 397-418, December.
    27. Rupar, Kathy & Wang, Sean & Yoon, Hayoung, 2025. "Do sell-side analysts react too pessimistically to bad news for minority-led firms? Evidence from target price valuations," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(1).
    28. Innessa Colaiacovo & Margaret G. Dalton & Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr, 2022. "The Transformation of Self Employment," NBER Working Papers 29725, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    29. Bradford, William D. & Wang, Chunbei & Lofstrom, Magnus & Verchot, Michael, 2025. "(Mis)Pricing in Loans to Businesses Owned by People of Color," IZA Discussion Papers 17730, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    30. Tiantian Yang & Olenka Kacperczyk, 2024. "The racial gap in entrepreneurship and opportunities inside established firms," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(4), pages 745-774, April.
    31. Engelberg, Joseph E. & Guzman, Jorge & Lu, Runjing & Mullins, William, 2021. "Partisan Entrepreneurship," SocArXiv qhs6j, Center for Open Science.
    32. Erik Dolson & Julapa Jagtiani, 2021. "Which Lenders Are More Likely to Reach Out to Underserved Consumers: Banks versus Fintechs versus Other Nonbanks?," Working Papers 21-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    33. Chernenko, Sergey & Scharfstein, David, 2024. "Racial disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    34. Christopher J. Boudreaux & Steven W. Bradley & Anand Jha & Joao F. Mazzoni, 2025. "You are only as strong as your weakest link: Founder and community social capital and start-up survival," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(4), pages 2133-2152, April.
    35. Aditya Aladangady & Andrew C. Chang & Jacob Krimmel, 2025. "Greater wealth, greater uncertainty: Changes in racial inequality in the Survey of Consumer Finances," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 23(1), pages 91-118, March.

  14. Robles, Silvia & Gross, Max & Fairlie, Robert W., 2020. "The Effect of Course Shutouts on Community College Students: Evidence from Waitlist Cutoffs," IZA Discussion Papers 13822, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Kevin J. Mumford & Richard W. Patterson & Anthony Yim, 2024. "College Course Shutouts," CESifo Working Paper Series 11005, CESifo.
    2. Oparina, Ekaterina & Krekel, Christian & Srisuma, Sorawoot, 2024. "Talking therapy: impacts of a nationwide mental health service in England," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 126829, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Nick Huntington-Klein & Andrew Gill, 2021. "Semester Course Load and Student Performance," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 62(5), pages 623-650, August.

  15. George Bulman & Robert W. Fairlie & Sarena Goodman & Adam Isen, 2020. "Parental Resources and College Attendance: Evidence from Lottery Wins," CESifo Working Paper Series 8753, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Day Manoli & Nicholas Turner, 2018. "Cash-on-Hand and College Enrollment: Evidence from Population Tax Data and the Earned Income Tax Credit," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 10(2), pages 242-271, May.
    2. Safoura Moeeni, 2022. "The Intergenerational Effects of Economic Sanctions," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 36(2), pages 269-304.
    3. Lucy McMillan & Pinghui Wu, 2023. "Job Loss, Credit Card Loans, and the College-persistence Decision of US Working Students," Working Papers 23-19, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    4. Aliprantis, Dionissi & Carroll, Daniel R. & Young, Eric R., 2024. "What explains neighborhood sorting by income and race?," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    5. N. Meltem Daysal & Michael F. Lovenheim & David N. Wasser, 2023. "The Intergenerational Transmission of Housing Wealth," NBER Working Papers 31669, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Dagorn, Etienne & Moulin, Léonard, 2025. "Dropping out of university in response to the COVID-19 pandemic," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    7. Andra Hiriscau & Mihaela Pintea, 2024. "Birth order, socioeconomic background and educational attainment," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 395-412, May.
    8. Huttunen, Kristiina & Riukula, Krista, 2024. "Parental job loss and children’s career choices," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    9. Jeremy Kirk, 2024. "The Impact of Parental Resources on Human Capital Investment and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from the Great Recession," Working Papers 24-34, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    10. Yung-Yu Tsai & Hsing-Wen Han & Kuang-Ta Lo & Tzu-Ting Yang, 2022. "The Effect of Financial Resources on Fertility: Evidence from Administrative Data on Lottery Winners," Papers 2212.06223, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2023.
    11. Elizabeth Caucutt & Lance Lochner, 2017. "Early and Late Human Capital Investments, Borrowing Constraints, and the Family," Working Papers 2017-040, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    12. Peter Hinrichs, 2025. "How Much Can Families Afford to Pay for College?," Upjohn Working Papers 25-416, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    13. Sarena Goodman & Adam Isen & Constantine Yannelis, 2018. "A Day Late and a Dollar Short : Liquidity and Household Formation among Student Borrowers," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2018-025, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    14. Annika B. Bergbauer, 2019. "How Did EU Membership of Eastern Europe Affect Student Achievement?," ifo Working Paper Series 299, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
    15. Gromadzki, Jan, 2023. "Labor Supply Effects of a Universal Cash Transfer," IZA Discussion Papers 16186, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    16. Phillip B. Levine & Dubravka Ritter, 2024. "The racial wealth gap, financial aid, and college access," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(2), pages 555-581, March.
    17. Braxton, John Carter & Chikhale, Nisha & Herkenhoff, Kyle & Phillips, Gordon, 2024. "Intergenerational Mobility and Credit," IZA Discussion Papers 16826, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    18. Sandra E. Black & Jeffrey T. Denning & Lisa J. Dettling & Sarena Goodman & Lesley J. Turner, 2023. "Taking It to the Limit: Effects of Increased Student Loan Availability on Attainment, Earnings, and Financial Well-Being," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(12), pages 3357-3400, December.
    19. Kuncl, Martin & Ueberfeldt, Alexander, 2024. "Monetary policy and the persistent aggregate effects of wealth redistribution," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    20. Paul Bingley & Lorenzo Cappellari & Marco Ovidi, 2023. "When it hurts the most: timing of parental job loss and a child’s education," LISER Working Paper Series 2023-12, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    21. Bryan A. Stuart, 2017. "The Long-Run Effects of Recessions on Education and Income," Working Papers 17-52, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    22. Matti Sarvimäki & Hanna Pesola, 2022. "Intergenerational Spillovers of Integration Policies: Evidence from Finland’s Integration Plans," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 2212, Rockwool Foundation Berlin (RF Berlin).
    23. Baran, Cavit & Chyn, Eric & Stuart, Bryan Andrew, 2023. "The Great Migration and Educational Opportunity," IZA Discussion Papers 15979, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    24. Julio López-Laborda & Jaime Vallés-Giménez & Anabel Zarate-Marco, 2024. "Algo más que “tapar agujeros”: efectos de los premios sobre algunas decisiones económicas y personales de los españoles," Studies on the Spanish Economy eee2024-28, FEDEA.
    25. Arlen Guarin & Juliana Londoño-Vélez & Christian Posso, 2023. "Reparations as Development? Evidence from Victims of the Colombian Armed Conflict," Borradores de Economia 1236, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    26. John Edward Sabelhaus & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2021. "Racial Wealth Disparities: Reconsidering the Roles of Human Capital and Inheritance," Working Papers 22-3, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    27. Pesola, Hanna Onerva & Sarvimäki, Matti, 2022. "Intergenerational Spillovers of Integration Policies: Evidence from Finland's Integration Plans," IZA Discussion Papers 15310, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    28. Mikhail Golosov & Michael Graber & Magne Mogstad & David Novgorodsky, 2024. "How Americans Respond to Idiosyncratic and Exogenous Changes in Household Wealth and Unearned Income," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 139(2), pages 1321-1395.
    29. Belzil, Christian & Hansen, Jörgen & Liu, Xingfei, 2022. "The Evolution of Inequality in Education Trajectories and Graduation Outcomes in the US," IZA Discussion Papers 15338, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    30. Marcelo Gantier & Rafael Novella & Andrea Repetto, 2024. "Subjective expectations and schooling choices in Latin America and the Caribbean," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(3), pages 1593-1621, April.
    31. Michelle M. Miller & Frank McIntyre, 2020. "Does Money Matter for Intergenerational Income Transmission?," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 86(3), pages 941-970, January.
    32. French, Robert & Oreopoulos, Philip, 2017. "Behavioral barriers transitioning to college," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 48-63.
    33. Daniel Ringo, 2019. "Parental Credit Constraints and Child College Attendance," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 14(4), pages 548-571, Fall.
    34. Gustavo Yamada & Oswaldo Molina & Daniel Velásquez, 2018. "Mining and Human Capital Accumulation: the Role of the Return to Education," Working Papers 135, Peruvian Economic Association.
    35. Cheng, Tzu-Chang Forrest & Huang, Hsuan-Hua & Lin, Tse-Chun & Yang, Tzu-Ting & Zhu, Jian-Da, 2025. "Windfall gains and stock market participation: Evidence from shopping receipt lottery," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    36. John Edward Sabelhaus & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2023. "The Limited Role of Intergenerational Transfers for Understanding Racial Wealth Disparities," Current Policy Perspectives 95748, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.

  16. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2020. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Minority Unemployment: First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata," CESifo Working Paper Series 8327, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Caselli, Mauro & Fracasso, Andrea & Traverso, Silvio, 2021. "Robots and risk of COVID-19 workplace contagion: Evidence from Italy," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    2. Mundra, Kusum & Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth, 2022. "In Need of a Roof: Pandemic and Housing Vulnerability," IZA Discussion Papers 15835, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Guisinger, Amy Y., 2020. "Gender differences in the volatility of work hours and labor demand," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    4. Madhav K. C. & Evrim Oral & Susanne Straif-Bourgeois & Ariane L Rung & Edward S Peters, 2020. "The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, December.
    5. Brandily, Paul & Brébion, Clément & Briole, Simon & Khoury, Laura, 2020. "A Poorly Understood Disease? The Unequal Distribution of Excess Mortality Due to COVID-19 Across French Municipalities," Discussion Paper Series in Economics 15/2020, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics.
    6. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2020. "Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    7. Sasiwimon Warunsiri Paweenawat & Lusi Liao, 2024. "Who Suffers the Most During the COVID‐19 Pandemic? Evidence From Thailand," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, vol. 62(3), pages 238-268, September.
    8. Oikonomou, Myrto & Pierri, Nicola & Timmer, Yannick, 2023. "IT shields: Technology adoption and economic resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    9. Wei Cheng & Patrick Carlin & Joanna Carroll & Sumedha Gupta & Felipe Lozano Rojas & Laura Montenovo & Thuy D. Nguyen & Ian M. Schmutte & Olga Scrivner & Kosali I. Simon & Coady Wing & Bruce Weinberg, 2020. "Back to Business and (Re)employing Workers? Labor Market Activity During State COVID-19 Reopenings," NBER Working Papers 27419, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Dias, Felipe A & Chance, Joseph, 2021. "COVID-19, Public Charge Rules, and Immigrant Employment in the United States," Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, Working Paper Series qt37f8w4sf, Institute of Industrial Relations, UC Berkeley.
    11. Brodeur, Abel & Gray, David & Islam, Anik & Bhuiyan, Suraiya Jabeen, 2020. "A Literature Review of the Economics of COVID-19," GLO Discussion Paper Series 601, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    12. Vanda Almeida & Salvador Barrios & Michael Christl & Silvia De Poli & Alberto Tumino & Wouter van der Wielen, 2020. "Households' income and the cushioning effect of fiscal policy measures during the Great Lockdown," JRC Working Papers on Taxation & Structural Reforms 2020-06, Joint Research Centre.
    13. Dang, Hai-Anh H. & Trinh, Trong-Anh, 2021. "Does the COVID-19 lockdown improve global air quality? New cross-national evidence on its unintended consequences," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    14. Papageorge, Nicholas W. & Zahn, Matthew V. & Belot, Michèle & van den Broek-Altenburg, Eline & Choi, Syngjoo & Jamison, Julian C. & Tripodi, Egon, 2020. "Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Self-Protecting Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IZA Discussion Papers 13333, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    15. Don Mar & Paul Ong & Tom Larson & James Peoples, 2022. "Racial and ethnic disparities in who receives unemployment benefits during COVID-19," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(8), pages 1-17, August.
    16. Chris de Mena & Suvy Qin & Jing Zhang, 2023. "The Labor Market Impact of Covid-19 on Asian Americans," Working Paper Series WP 2023-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    17. Béland, Louis-Philippe & Brodeur, Abel & Wright, Taylor, 2020. "COVID-19, Stay-At-Home Orders and Employment: Evidence from CPS Data," IZA Discussion Papers 13282, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    18. Graziella Bertocchi & Arcangelo Dimico, 2020. "COVID-19, Race, and Redlining," CHILD Working Papers Series 80 JEL Classification: I1, Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic Economics (CHILD) - CCA.
    19. Viollaz,Mariana & Vasconcellos Archer Duque,Daniel & Diaz-Bonilla,Carolina & Newhouse,David Locke & Weber,Michael, 2023. "From Middle Class to Poverty : The Unequal Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Developing Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10304, The World Bank.
    20. Rebecca Brough & Matthew Freedman & David C. Phillips, 2021. "Understanding socioeconomic disparities in travel behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 753-774, September.
    21. Andrew E. Clark & Huifu Nong & Hongjia Zhu & Rong Zhu, 2021. "Compensating for academic loss: Online learning and student performance during the COVID-19 pandemic," Post-Print halshs-03467128, HAL.
    22. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2023. "Racial disparities in unemployment during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery: The “stubborn,” the “hiccup,” and the “stall”," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(3), pages 480-495, July.
    23. Brandily, Paul & Brébion, Clément & Briole, Simon & Khoury, Laura, 2021. "A poorly understood disease? The impact of COVID-19 on the income gradient in mortality over the course of the pandemic," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    24. Julie L. Hotchkiss & Robert E. Moore, 2022. "Some Like it Hot: Assessing Longer-Term Labor Market Benefits from a High-Pressure Economy," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 18(2), pages 193-243, June.
    25. Le, Kien & Nguyen, My, 2020. "The Psychological Consequences of COVID-19 Lockdowns," MPRA Paper 104861, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    26. Guven, Cahit & Sotirakopoulos, Panagiotis & Ulker, Aydogan, 2020. "Short-term Labour Market Effects of COVID-19 and the Associated National Lockdown in Australia: Evidence from Longitudinal Labour Force Survey," GLO Discussion Paper Series 635, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    27. Lea Immel & Florian Neumeier & Andreas Peichl, 2022. "The Unequal Consequences of the Covid‐19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Large Representative German Population Survey," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 68(2), pages 471-496, June.
    28. Robert L. Clark & Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2021. "Financial Fragility during the COVID-19 Pandemic," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 111, pages 292-296, May.
    29. Sasiwimon Warunsiri Paweenawat & Lusi Liao, 2021. "A ‘She-session’? The Impact of COVID-19 on the Labour Market in Thailand," Working Papers DP-2021-11, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    30. Pia Orrenius & Madeline Zavodny, 2021. "How Foreign- and U.S.-Born Latinos Fare during Recessions and Recoveries," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 695(1), pages 193-206, May.
    31. Betcherman,Gordon & Giannakopoulos,Nicholas & Laliotis,Ioannis & Pantelaiou,Ioanna & Testaverde,Mauro & Tzimas,Giannis, 2020. "Reacting Quickly and Protecting Jobs : The Short-Term Impacts of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Greek Labor Market," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9356, The World Bank.
    32. Hummy Song & Ryan M. McKenna & Angela T. Chen & Guy David & Aaron Smith-McLallen, 2021. "The Impact of the Non-essential Business Closure Policy on Covid-19 Infection Rates," NBER Working Papers 28374, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    33. Kugler, Maurice David & Viollaz, Mariana & Vasconcellos Archer Duque, Daniel & Gaddis, Isis & Newhouse, David Locke & Palacios-Lopez, Amparo & Weber, Michael, 2021. "How Did the COVID-19 Crisis Affect Different Types of Workers in the Developing World?," Jobs Group Papers, Notes, and Guides 33191003, The World Bank.
    34. Belot, Michèle & Choi, Syngjoo & Tripodi, Egon & Van den Broek-Altenburg, Eline & Jamison, Julian C. & Papageorge, Nicholas, 2020. "Unequal Consequences of Covid 19 across Age and Income: Representative Evidence from Six Countries," CEPR Discussion Papers 14908, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    35. Marinescu, Ioana & Skandalis, Daphné & Zhao, Daniel, 2021. "The impact of the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation on job search and vacancy creation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    36. Yuqi Guo & Andrea R. Kaniuka & Jingjing Gao & Omar T. Sims, 2022. "An Epidemiologic Analysis of Associations between County-Level Per Capita Income, Unemployment Rate, and COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-9, February.
    37. Hai-Anh H. Dang & Trong-Anh Trinh, 2022. "The Beneficial Impacts of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Air Pollution: Evidence from Vietnam," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(10), pages 1917-1933, October.
    38. Michèle Belot & Syngjoo Choi & Egon Tripodi & Eline van den Broek-Altenburg & Julian C. Jamison & Nicholas W. Papageorge, 2021. "Unequal consequences of Covid 19: representative evidence from six countries," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 769-783, September.
    39. Dimitris Papanikolaou & Lawrence D.W. Schmidt, 2020. "Working Remotely and the Supply-side Impact of Covid-19," NBER Working Papers 27330, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    40. Lumengo Bonga-Bonga & Thabiso Molemohi & Frederich Kirsten, 2023. "The role of personal characteristics in shaping gender-biased job losses during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of South Africa," Economics Working Papers edwrg-08-2023, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, revised 2023.
    41. Etienne Farvaque & Hira Iqbal & Nicolas Ooghe, 2020. "Health politics? Determinants of US states’ reactions to COVID-19," Post-Print hal-03128875, HAL.
    42. M. O. Oleche & D. K. Manda & R. G. Mutegi & S. Kipruto & M. K. Muriithi & P. Samoei & A. W. Ndirangu & G. Mwabu, 2023. "The gendered impacts of COVID-19 and business closure due to lockdown on wage employment in Kenya," Journal of Economic Policy and Management Issues, JEPMI, vol. 2(2), pages 31-48.
    43. Laetitia Challe & Yannick L’Horty & Pascale Petit & François-Charles Wolff, 2024. "Cyclical behavior of hiring discrimination: evidence from repeated experiments in France," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 72(3), pages 711-733, March.
    44. George J. Borjas & Hugh Cassidy, 2020. "The Adverse Effect of the COVID-19 Labor Market Shock on Immigrant Employment," NBER Working Papers 27243, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    45. Stephen R. Barnes & Louis‐Philippe Beland & Jason Huh & Dongwoo Kim, 2022. "COVID‐19 lockdown and traffic accidents: Lessons from the pandemic," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 40(2), pages 349-368, April.
    46. Daniel Auer, 2022. "Firing discrimination: Selective labor market responses of firms during the COVID-19 economic crisis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(1), pages 1-30, January.
    47. Mariusz Zieliński, 2022. "The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Markets of the Visegrad Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    48. Dhaval M. Dave & Andrew I. Friedson & Kyutaro Matsuzawa & Drew McNichols & Joseph J. Sabia, 2020. "Are the Effects of Adoption and Termination of Shelter-in-Place Orders Symmetric? Evidence from a Natural Experiment," NBER Working Papers 27322, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    49. Dave, Dhaval M. & Friedson, Andrew I. & Matsuzawa, Kyutaro & McNichols, Drew & Sabia, Joseph J., 2020. "Did the Wisconsin Supreme Court Restart a COVID-19 Epidemic? Evidence from a Natural Experiment," IZA Discussion Papers 13314, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    50. Dexuan Sha & Anusha Srirenganathan Malarvizhi & Qian Liu & Yifei Tian & You Zhou & Shiyang Ruan & Rui Dong & Kyla Carte & Hai Lan & Zifu Wang & Chaowei Yang, 2020. "A State-Level Socioeconomic Data Collection of the United States for COVID-19 Research," Data, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-18, December.
    51. Yung Chun & Stephen Roll & Selina Miller & Hedwig Lee & Savannah Larimore & Michal Grinstein-Weiss, 2023. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Housing Instability During the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Role of Assets and Income Shocks," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 6(2), pages 63-81, June.
    52. Lingli Yu & Ling Yang, 2024. "News media in crisis: a sentiment and emotion analysis of US news articles on unemployment in the COVID-19 pandemic," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
    53. Allen Bellas & Lea-Rachel Kosnik, 2023. "The Local and Aggregated Impacts of Stay-at-Home Orders on State Level Unemployment Outcomes," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 49(2), pages 142-155, April.
    54. Julie L. Hotchkiss, 2021. "Will COVID-19 Erase Black Workers' Labor Market Gains?," Policy Hub, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 2021(2), pages 1-9, February.
    55. Hakan Yilmazkuday, 2021. "Unequal Unemployment Effects of COVID-19 and Monetary Policy across U.S. States," Working Papers 2102, Florida International University, Department of Economics.
    56. Armagan Gezici & Ozge Ozay, 2020. "An Intersectional Analysis of COVID-19 Unemployment," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 270-281, December.
    57. Mark Partridge & Seung‐hun Chung & Sydney Schreiner Wertz, 2022. "Lessons from the 2020 Covid recession for understanding regional resilience," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(4), pages 1006-1031, September.
    58. Islamaj,Ergys & Le,Duong Trung & Mattoo,Aaditya, 2021. "Lives versus Livelihoods during the COVID-19 Pandemic : How Testing Softens the Trade-off," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9696, The World Bank.
    59. Erick Rangel González & Irving Llamosas-Rosas & Sara Hutchinson Tovar, 2024. "Analysis of the initial effects of COVID-19 on jobs affiliated to IMSS, at the national and regional level, by sex and age groups," Working Papers 2024-08, Banco de México.
    60. Fang, Tony & Gunderson, Morley & Ha, Viet Hoang & Ming, Hui, 2025. "The Short-Term Effects of COVID-19 on Labour Market Outcomes of Recent Immigrants to Canada," IZA Discussion Papers 17756, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    61. Benjamin W. Cowan, 2020. "Short-run Effects of COVID-19 on U.S. Worker Transitions," NBER Working Papers 27315, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    62. Borja Gambau & Juan C. Palomino & Juan G. Rodríguez & Raquel Sebastian, 2021. "COVID-19 restrictions in the US: wage vulnerability by education, race and gender," Documentos de Trabajo del ICAE 2021-08, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Instituto Complutense de Análisis Económico.
    63. Wei Zhai & Xinyu Fu & Mengyang Liu & Zhong-Ren Peng, 2023. "The impact of ethnic segregation on neighbourhood-level social distancing in the United States amid the early outbreak of COVID-19," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(8), pages 1403-1426, June.
    64. Hamman, Mary K., 2021. "Disparities in COVID-19 mortality by county racial composition and the role of spring social distancing measures," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    65. Hummy Song & Ryan McKenna & Angela T. Chen & Guy David & Aaron Smith-McLallen, 2021. "The impact of the non-essential business closure policy on Covid-19 infection rates," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 387-426, December.
    66. Buhmann, Mara & Pohlan, Laura & Duncan, Roth, 2023. "The Covid-19 Pandemic and Transitions out of Unemployment," VfS Annual Conference 2023 (Regensburg): Growth and the "sociale Frage" 277678, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    67. Yvonne Giesing & Maria Hofbauer, 2020. "Wie wirkt sich Covid-19 auf Migration und Integration aus?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(07), pages 41-46, July.
    68. Scott, Dana & Finamor, Lucas, 2020. "Employment Effects of Unemployment Insurance Generosity During the Pandemic," MPRA Paper 102390, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    69. Janssen, Aljoscha & Shapiro, Matthew, 2020. "Does Precise Case Information Limit Precautionary Behavior? Evidence from COVID-19 in Singapore," Working Paper Series 1344, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    70. Cynthia Bansak & Martha Starr, 2021. "Covid-19 shocks to education supply: how 200,000 U.S. households dealt with the sudden shift to distance learning," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 63-90, March.
    71. Illing, Hannah & Koch, Theresa, 2021. "Who Suffers the Greatest Loss? Costs of Job Displacement for Migrants and Natives," IAB-Discussion Paper 202108, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    72. Dang, Hai-Anh H. & Trinh, Trong-Anh, 2020. "Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Improve Global Air Quality? New Cross-national Evidence on Its Unintended Consequences," GLO Discussion Paper Series 606, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    73. Green, Daniel & Loualiche, Erik, 2021. "State and local government employment in the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    74. Indervir Singh & Jagdeep Singh & Ashapurna Baruah, 2020. "Income and Employment Changes Under COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study of Urban Punjab," Millennial Asia, , vol. 11(3), pages 391-412, December.
    75. Nam, Minhyuk & Lee, Soohyung, 2021. "COVID-19 and Employment in South Korea: Trends and Comparison with the 2008 Financial Crisis," IZA Discussion Papers 14101, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    76. Heidi Reed, 2022. "When the Right Thing to Do Is Also the Wrong Thing: Moral Sensemaking of Responsible Business Behavior During the COVID-19 Crisis," Post-Print hal-04531082, HAL.
    77. Janssen, Aljoscha & Shapiro, Matthew H., 2021. "Does precise case disclosure limit precautionary behavior? Evidence from COVID-19 in Singapore," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 700-714.

  17. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Angrist, Noam & Bergman, Peter & Matsheng, Moitshepi, 2020. "School's Out: Experimental Evidence on Limiting Learning Loss Using," IZA Discussion Papers 14009, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Kersha, Yuliya & Melnik, Yulia & Novikova, Maria & Kosaretsky, Sergey & Zviagintsev, Roman, 2025. "Evaluating 30 years of experimental education research in the post-Soviet space: A meta-analysis of studies on student achievement," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    3. Ferman, Bruno & Lima, Lycia & Riva, Flávio, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence, Teacher Tasks and Individualized Pedagogy," SocArXiv qw249, Center for Open Science.
    4. Bin Tang & Te-Tien Ting & Chyi-In Wu & Yue Ma & Di Mo & Wei-Ting Hung & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "The Impact of Online Computer Assisted Learning at Home for Disadvantaged Children in Taiwan: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-16, December.
    5. Araya, Roberto & Arias Ortiz, Elena & Bottan, Nicolas & Cristia, Julian, 2025. "Integrating learning platforms within regular school time: experimental evidence from Chilean primary schools," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    6. Noam Angrist & Peter Bergman & Moitshepi Matsheng, 2020. "School’s Out: Experimental Evidence on Limiting Learning Loss Using “Low-Tech” in a Pandemic," NBER Working Papers 28205, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Ferman, Bruno & Lima, Lycia & Riva, Flavio, 2020. "Experimental Evidence on Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom," MPRA Paper 103934, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  18. Yue Ma & Robert W. Fairlie & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "Isolating the "Tech" from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China," CESifo Working Paper Series 8186, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Nayyar, Gaurav & Pleninger, Regina & Vorisek, Dana & Yu, Shu, 2024. "Digitalization and Inclusive Growth : A Review of the Evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10941, The World Bank.
    3. Bin Tang & Te-Tien Ting & Chyi-In Wu & Yue Ma & Di Mo & Wei-Ting Hung & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "The Impact of Online Computer Assisted Learning at Home for Disadvantaged Children in Taiwan: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Lafortune, Jeanne & Pugatch, Todd & Tessada, José & Ubfal, Diego, 2024. "Can gamified online training make high school students more entrepreneurial? Experimental evidence from Rwanda," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    5. Tianli Feng & Xiyuan Jia & Lucy Pappas & Xiaojun Zheng & Teresa Shao & Letao Sun & Charlie Weisberg & Madeline Lu Li & Scott Rozelle & Yue Ma, 2022. "Academic Performance and the Link with Depressive Symptoms among Rural Han and Minority Chinese Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Araya, Roberto & Arias Ortiz, Elena & Bottan, Nicolas & Cristia, Julian, 2025. "Integrating learning platforms within regular school time: experimental evidence from Chilean primary schools," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    7. Hojun Lee & Youngsik Kim, 2023. "Exploring the Effects of Computer and Smart Device-Assisted Learning on Students’ Achievements: Empirical Evidence from Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-16, September.

  19. Robert W. Fairlie, 2020. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions," CESifo Working Paper Series 8581, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Jörn Block & Alexander S. Kritikos & Maximilian Priem & Caroline Stiel, 2022. "Emergency-Aid for Self-employed in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Flash in the Pan?," CEPA Discussion Papers 55, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
    2. Ioannis Giotopoulos & Alexander S. Kritikos & Aggelos Tsakanikas, 2022. "A Lasting Crisis Affects R&D Decisions of Smaller Firms: The Greek Experience," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2009, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Diego A. B. Marconatto & Gaspar A. Peixoto & Emidio G. Teixeira & Adelar Fochezatto, 2022. "Women on the Front Line: The Growth of SMEs during Crises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Gao, Jingyi, 2022. "Has COVID-19 hindered small business activities? The role of Fintech," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 297-308.
    5. Iva Gregurec & Martina Tomičić Furjan & Katarina Tomičić-Pupek, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainable Business Models in SMEs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-24, January.
    6. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Lender Automation and Racial Disparities in Credit Access," NBER Working Papers 29364, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Grover,Arti Goswami & Karplus,Valerie Jean, 2021. "Coping with COVID-19: Does Management Make Firms More Resilient ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9514, The World Bank.
    8. Maksim Belitski & Christina Guenther & Alexander S. Kritikos & Roy Thurik, 2022. "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 593-609, February.
    9. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen & Reid Johnsen & Gentian Droboniku, 2023. "Were small businesses more likely to permanently close in the pandemic?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1613-1629, April.
    10. Evariste Twahirwa & Kambombo Mtonga & Kayalvizhi Jayavel & Willie Kasakula & Peace Bamurigire, 2021. "Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 on Operations of Local Businesses and Level of Enforcement of Public Health Safety Measure within Business Premises: A Quantitative Study of Businesses in Huye-Rwa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-11, November.
    11. Kalenkoski, Charlene Marie & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2021. "Impacts of COVID-19 on the Self-employed," GLO Discussion Paper Series 843, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
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    132. Antonio Chirumbolo & Antonino Callea & Flavio Urbini, 2022. "Living in Liquid Times: The Relationships among Job Insecurity, Life Uncertainty, and Psychosocial Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-20, November.
    133. Liu, Qiyang & Liu, Yang & Zhang, Chi & An, Zihao & Zhao, Pengjun, 2021. "Elderly mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration in Kunming, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    134. Hatayama,Maho & Li,Yiruo & Osborne,Theresa Kay, 2022. "Understanding and Predicting Job Losses due to COVID-19 : Empirical Evidence from Middle Income Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9933, The World Bank.
    135. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "Did the Paycheck Protection Program and Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program get disbursed to minority communities in the early stages of COVID-19?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 829-842, February.
    136. Dörr, Julian Oliver & Kinne, Jan & Lenz, David & Licht, Georg & Winker, Peter, 2021. "An integrated data framework for policy guidance in times of dynamic economic shocks," ZEW Discussion Papers 21-062, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    137. Emmanuel Aboagye & Eva Skillgate & Nathan Weiss & Iben Axén, 2024. "The impact of official recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical activity and business turnover of manual therapists in Sweden–The CAMP cohort study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(8), pages 1-14, August.

  20. Fairlie, Robert, 2020. "The impact of COVID‐19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social‐distancing restrictions," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt1n60b6p6, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Bibhuti Sarker, 2025. "Factors affecting firm‐level job cuts during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐country evidence," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(2), pages 1873-1892, April.
    2. Ioannis Giotopoulos & Alexander S. Kritikos & Aggelos Tsakanikas, 2022. "A Lasting Crisis Affects R&D Decisions of Smaller Firms: The Greek Experience," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2009, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Diego A. B. Marconatto & Gaspar A. Peixoto & Emidio G. Teixeira & Adelar Fochezatto, 2022. "Women on the Front Line: The Growth of SMEs during Crises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Gao, Jingyi, 2022. "Has COVID-19 hindered small business activities? The role of Fintech," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 297-308.
    5. Iva Gregurec & Martina Tomičić Furjan & Katarina Tomičić-Pupek, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainable Business Models in SMEs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-24, January.
    6. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Lender Automation and Racial Disparities in Credit Access," NBER Working Papers 29364, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Maksim Belitski & Christina Guenther & Alexander S. Kritikos & Roy Thurik, 2022. "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 593-609, February.
    8. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen & Reid Johnsen & Gentian Droboniku, 2023. "Were small businesses more likely to permanently close in the pandemic?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1613-1629, April.
    9. Evariste Twahirwa & Kambombo Mtonga & Kayalvizhi Jayavel & Willie Kasakula & Peace Bamurigire, 2021. "Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 on Operations of Local Businesses and Level of Enforcement of Public Health Safety Measure within Business Premises: A Quantitative Study of Businesses in Huye-Rwa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-11, November.
    10. Kalenkoski, Charlene Marie & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2021. "Impacts of COVID-19 on the Self-employed," GLO Discussion Paper Series 843, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    11. Marianna Brunetti & Anzelika Zaiceva, 2025. "Is Self-Employment for Migrants? Evidence from Italy," Working Papers - Economics wp2025_06.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    12. Miriam Bruhn & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Dorothe Singer, 2023. "Competition and Firm Recovery Post-COVID-19," Working Papers 633, Center for Global Development.
    13. Pankaj C. Patel, 2025. "Riding the frontier wave: Unveiling the impact of rugged individualism on small business dynamics during COVID-19," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 35(1), pages 1-33, January.
    14. Brodeur, Abel & Gray, David & Islam, Anik & Bhuiyan, Suraiya Jabeen, 2020. "A Literature Review of the Economics of COVID-19," GLO Discussion Paper Series 601, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    15. Malin Arve & Claudine Desrieux & Romain Espinosa, 2023. "Entrepreneurial intention and resilience: An experiment during the Covid‐19 lockdown," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 698-715, March.
    16. Anaïs Hamelin & Vivien Lefebvre, 2025. "The Virus and the Citadel: exploring the performance impact of business group affiliation for small businesses throughout the COVID-19 pandemic," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 915-946, August.
    17. Kim, Jihee & Lee, Susang, 2024. "Can stimulus checks to households save the local economy? The impact of South Korea’s COVID-19 stimulus on small business sales," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 159-176.
    18. Jacob A. Jordaan, 2023. "Firm‐level characteristics and the impact of COVID‐19: Examining the effects of foreign ownership and international trade," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(7), pages 1967-1998, July.
    19. Kawaguchi, Kohei & Kodama, Naomi & Tanaka, Mari, 2021. "Small business under the COVID-19 crisis: Expected short- and medium-run effects of anti-contagion and economic policies," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    20. Margaret E. Slade, 2022. "Many losers and a few winners: The impact of COVID‐19 on Canadian industries and regions," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(S1), pages 282-307, February.
    21. Graeber, Daniel & Kritikos, Alexander S. & Seebauer, Johannes, 2021. "COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed," GLO Discussion Paper Series 788, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    22. Demetris Vrontis & Ranjan Chaudhuri & Sheshadri Chatterjee, 2022. "Adoption of Digital Technologies by SMEs for Sustainability and Value Creation: Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
    23. Amitabh Anand & Sanjay Kumar Singh & Melanie Bowen & Deva Rangarajan, 2024. "Strategic renewal during crises - A pragmatist proposition for multinational enterprises in a globalized world," Post-Print hal-04551414, HAL.
    24. Leland D. Crane & Ryan A. Decker & Aaron Flaaen & Adrian Hamins-Puertolas & Christopher J. Kurz, 2020. "Business Exit During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Non-Traditional Measures in Historical Context," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2020-089r1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), revised 15 Apr 2021.
    25. Anca Elena Lungu & Ioana Andreea Bogoslov & Eduard Alexandru Stoica & Mircea Radu Georgescu, 2021. "From Decision to Survival—Shifting the Paradigm in Entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-23, July.
    26. Thomas Gries & Wim Naudé, 2021. "Extreme Events, Entrepreneurial Start-Ups, and Innovation: Theoretical Conjectures," Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, Springer, vol. 5(3), pages 329-353, October.
    27. Kozeniauskas, Nicholas & Moreira, Pedro & Santos, Cezar, 2022. "On the cleansing effect of recessions and government policy: Evidence from Covid-19," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    28. Jose Ribamar Siqueira Junior & Enrique Horst & German Molina & Laura H. Gunn & Felipe Reinoso-Carvalho & Burcu Sezen & Nathalie Peña-García, 2023. "Branding in the eye of the storm: the impact of brand ethical behavior on brand commitment during the COVID-19 crisis in a South American country," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 95-115, March.
    29. Cathy Yang Liu & Luísa Nazareno, 2025. "State responses during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impacts on small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 625-643, February.
    30. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2022. "The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot: Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities," NBER Working Papers 29732, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    31. Yasuyuki (Yas) Motoyama, 2022. "Is COVID-19 Causing More Business Closures in Poor and Minority Neighborhoods?," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 36(2), pages 124-133, May.
    32. Haroon Bhorat & Timothy Köhler, 2024. "The Labour Market Effects of Cash Transfers to the Unemployed: Evidence from South Africa," Working Papers 202405, University of Cape Town, Development Policy Research Unit.
    33. Joost Bats & William Greif & Daniel Kapp, 2021. "The rise in the cross-sectoral dispersion of earnings expectations during COVID-19," Working Papers 724, DNB.
    34. Cameron J. Borgholthaus & Joshua V. White & Erik Markin & Vishal K. Gupta, 2023. "Venture creation in the aftermath of COVID-19: The impact of US governor party affiliation and discretion," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 655-674, August.
    35. Chandler, Jeffrey A. & Short, Jeremy C. & Wolfe, Marcus T., 2021. "Finding the crowd after exogenous shocks: Exploring the future of crowdfunding," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 15(C).
    36. Ferri, Valentina & Gallo, Giovanni & Scicchitano, Sergio, 2025. "Bankruptcies during Covid-19 in Italy: An interrupted time-series analysis," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1601, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    37. Mahesh Somashekhar & James Buszkiewicz & Scott W. Allard & Jennifer Romich, 2022. "How Do Employers Belonging to Marginalized Communities Respond to Minimum Wage Increases? The Case of Immigrant-Owned Businesses in Seattle," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 36(2), pages 108-123, May.
    38. Rachel Atkins & Lisa Cook & Robert Seamans, 2022. "Discrimination in lending? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 843-865, February.
    39. Bachas, Pierre & Brockmeyer, Anne & Garriga, Pablo & Semelet, Camille, 2025. "The impact of COVID-19 on formal firms: Lessons from administrative tax data," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    40. Carol E. Brown & Lynn Dexter & Natalie V. Schwatka & Miranda Dally & Liliana Tenney & Erin Shore & Lee S. Newman, 2021. "Total Worker Health ® and Small Business Employee Perceptions of Health Climate, Safety Climate, and Well-Being during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-15, September.
    41. Michela Piccarozzi & Cecilia Silvestri & Patrizio Morganti, 2021. "COVID-19 in Management Studies: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-28, March.
    42. Lafortune, Jeanne & Pugatch, Todd & Tessada, José & Ubfal, Diego, 2022. "Can interactive online training make high school students more entrepreneurial? Experimental evidence from Rwanda," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1041, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    43. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "The early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on business sales," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 1853-1864, April.
    44. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen & Ke Lyu & Robert W. Fairlie, 2025. "A Tale of Two Startups: The Loss and Gain of Startups in the U.S. Economy in the Pandemic," CESifo Working Paper Series 12163, CESifo.
    45. Abriham Ebabu Engidaw, 2022. "Small businesses and their challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries: in the case of Ethiopia," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, December.
    46. Jacques Yana Mbena & Kwabena Obiri Yeboah, 2024. "Striving for a life out of shadows: informal entrepreneurial dynamics in time of crisis," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, December.
    47. Santos, Susana C. & Liguori, Eric W. & Garvey, Erin, 2023. "How digitalization reinvented entrepreneurial resilience during COVID-19," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    48. Terstriep, Judith & David, Alexandra & Ruthemeier, Alexander & Elo, Maria, 2022. "The role of local embeddedness of transnational migrant start-ups in the COVID-19 crises: Examples from the Berlin start-up ecosystem," IAT Discussion Papers 22/05, Institut Arbeit und Technik (IAT), Westfälische Hochschule, University of Applied Sciences.
    49. Rajapakshe, PSK & Gamage, SKN & Prasanna, RPIR & Jayasundara, JMSB & Ekanayake, EMS & Upulwehera, JMHM & Wijerathna, WAID & Abeyrathne, GAKNJ, 2020. "Social Capital, Performance of SMEs, and COVID-19 Pandemic," MPRA Paper 109530, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Aug 2020.
    50. Grashuis, Jasper, 2021. "Self-employment duration during the COVID-19 pandemic: A competing risk analysis," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 15(C).
    51. Kim, Kevin & Sant’Anna, Ana Claudia & Demko, Iryna, 2024. "Minority-Owned Agricultural Businesses and Challenges with the Paycheck Protection Program: Seeking Ways to Reach Farmers," Applied Economics Teaching Resources (AETR), Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 6(4), December.
    52. Ströbel, Johannes & Howell, Sabrina & Kuchler, Theresa & Snitkof, David, 2021. "Racial Disparities in Access to Small Business Credit: Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," CEPR Discussion Papers 16623, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    53. Aleksandar M. Damnjanovic & Goran Dzafic & Sandra Nesic & Dragan Milosevic & Gordana Mrdak & Sinisa M. Arsic, 2022. "Strategic Management of External Disruptions on Realization of Business Plans—Case of Serbian Manufacturing Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    54. Cirera,Xavier & Comin,Diego Adolfo & Vargas Da Cruz,Marcio Jose & Lee,Kyungmin & Torres Coronado,Jesica, 2022. "Technology and Resilience," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9949, The World Bank.
    55. Marco Caliendo & Daniel Graeber & Alexander S. Kritikos & Johannes Seebauer, 2022. "Pandemic Depression: COVID-19 and the Mental Health of the Self-Employed," CEPA Discussion Papers 46, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
    56. John C. Haltiwanger, 2021. "Entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Business Formation Statistics," NBER Chapters, in: Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, volume 1, pages 9-42, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    57. Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Phoumin, Han & Rasoulinezhad, Ehsan, 2022. "COVID-19 and regional solutions for mitigating the risk of SME finance in selected ASEAN member states," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 506-525.
    58. Julian Oliver Dörr & Georg Licht & Simona Murmann, 2022. "Small firms and the COVID-19 insolvency gap," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 887-917, February.
    59. Georgij Alekseev & Safaa Amer & Manasa Gopal & Theresa Kuchler & JW Schneider & Johannes Stroebel & Nils C. Wernerfelt, 2020. "The Effects of COVID-19 on U.S. Small Businesses: Evidence from Owners, Managers, and Employees," NBER Working Papers 27833, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    60. Michele Battisti & Filippo Belloc & Massimo Del Gatto, 2023. "COVID-19, Innovative Firms and Resilience," WIPO Economic Research Working Papers 73, World Intellectual Property Organization - Economics and Statistics Division.
    61. Wei Kang & Qingfang Wang, 2023. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Businesses in the US: A Longitudinal Study from a Regional Perspective," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 46(3), pages 235-265, April.
    62. Mariusz Zieliński, 2022. "The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Markets of the Visegrad Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    63. Daiji Kawaguchi & Sagiri Kitao & Manabu Nose, 2022. "The impact of COVID-19 on Japanese firms: mobility and resilience via remote work," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 29(6), pages 1419-1449, December.
    64. Vincent Miozzi & Benjamin Powell, 2023. "The pre-pandemic political economy determinants of lockdown severity," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 197(1), pages 167-183, October.
    65. Guangyue Wei, 2024. "The Features and Trends of the Economic Literature Related to COVID-19: A Bibliometric Analysis," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(4), pages 15904-15930, December.
    66. Karen Chapple & Laura Schmahmann, 2023. "Can we “Claim†the Workforce? A Labor-Focused Agenda for Economic Development in the Face of an Uncertain Future," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(1), pages 14-19, February.
    67. Muzi,Silvia & Jolevski,Filip & Ueda,Kohei & Viganola,Domenico, 2021. "Productivity and Firm Exit during the COVID-19 Crisis : Cross-Country Evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9671, The World Bank.
    68. Bats, Joost & Greif, William & Kapp, Daniel, 2022. "The rise in the cross-sectoral dispersion of earnings expectations during COVID-19," Working Paper Series 2664, European Central Bank.
    69. Chun-Liang Chen & Yao-Chin Lin & Wei-Hung Chen & Cheng-Fu Chao & Henry Pandia, 2021. "Role of Government to Enhance Digital Transformation in Small Service Business," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-24, January.
    70. Mark Partridge & Seung‐hun Chung & Sydney Schreiner Wertz, 2022. "Lessons from the 2020 Covid recession for understanding regional resilience," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(4), pages 1006-1031, September.
    71. S. Zemtsov & V. Barinova & R. Semenova & A. Mikhailov, 2022. "Entrepreneurship Policy and SME Development during Pandemic Crisis in Russia," Regional Research of Russia, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 321-334, September.
    72. Vitaly Kaftan & Wadim Kandalov & Igor Molodtsov & Anna Sherstobitova & Wadim Strielkowski, 2023. "Socio-Economic Stability and Sustainable Development in the Post-COVID Era: Lessons for the Business and Economic Leaders," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-18, February.
    73. Jinho Kim & Sujeong Park & S. V. Subramanian & Taehoon Kim, 2023. "The Psychological Costs of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Heterogeneous Effects in South Korea: Evidence from a Difference-in-Differences Analysis," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 455-476, February.
    74. Ambrocio, Gene, 2021. "Euro area business confidence and Covid-19," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 4/2021, Bank of Finland.
    75. Deng, Nana & Wang, Bo & Qiu, Yueming & Liu, Jie & Shi, Han & Zhang, Bin & Wang, Zhaohua, 2022. "The discrepancies in the impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on electricity consumption in China: Is the short-term pain worth it?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    76. Gopalakrishnan, Balagopal & Lim, Jamus Jerome & Mohapatra, Sanket, 2024. "Pandemic panic? Effects of health system capacity on firm confidence during COVID-19," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    77. Victor Martin-Sanchez & Christoph Albert & Andrea Caggese, 2022. "Income Inequality and Entrepreneurship: Lessons from the 2020 COVID-19 Recession," Working Papers 1377, Barcelona School of Economics.
    78. Joao Capella-Ramos & Romina Guri, 2022. "Firm adaptation in COVID-19 times: The case of Portuguese exporting firms," GEE Papers 0169, Gabinete de Estratégia e Estudos, Ministério da Economia, revised Sep 2022.
    79. Suparak Suriyankietkaew & Krittawit Krittayaruangroj & Nacharee Iamsawan, 2022. "Sustainable Leadership Practices and Competencies of SMEs for Sustainability and Resilience: A Community-Based Social Enterprise Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-36, May.
    80. Rachinskii, Dmitrii & Rouf, Samiha, 2022. "Dynamics of SIR model with heterogeneous response to intervention policy," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 71-85.
    81. Santos, Cezar & Kozeniauskas, Nicholas & Moreira, Pedro, 2020. "Covid-19 and Firms: Productivity and Government Policies," CEPR Discussion Papers 15156, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    82. Aziz N. Berdiev & James W. Saunoris, 2021. "Do Disease Epidemics Stimulate or Repress Entrepreneurial Activity?," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 47(4), pages 464-486, October.
    83. Donovan Collier & Ravi Chinta, 2025. "Unveiling the Power of Race and Education in Shaping Entrepreneurial Dreams: An Empirical Study in Florida," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, January.
    84. Francis Lwesya & Eliza Mwakasangula, 2023. "A scientometric analysis of entrepreneurship research in the age of COVID-19 pandemic," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    85. Yuxiao Ye & Li Wang & Shenyang Jiang & Yu Xiong, 2025. "Lockdown and restaurant closures: evidence from large-scale data in China," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
    86. Mallika Devi Pathak & Brajaballav Kar & Madhu Chhanda Panda, 2022. "Chaos and complexity: entrepreneurial planning during pandemic," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
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    88. Michal Hrivnák & Peter Moritz & Marcela Chreneková, 2021. "What Kept the Boat Afloat? Sustainability of Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Sectors Due to Government Measures during COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.
    89. Syden Mishi & Nomonde Tshabalala & Godfred Anakpo & Weliswa Matekenya, 2023. "COVID-19 Experiences and Coping Strategies: The Case of Differently Sized Businesses in South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.
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    94. Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Cristina Borra & Chunbei Wang, 2024. "Asian entrepreneurship in the coronavirus era," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-34, March.
    95. Naudé, Wim, 2020. "Industrialization under Medieval Conditions? Global Development after COVID-19," IZA Discussion Papers 13829, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    96. Belinda Agyapong & Reham Shalaby & Ejemai Eboreime & Yifeng Wei & Vincent I. O. Agyapong, 2022. "Self-Reported Alcohol Abuse and the Desire to Receive Mental Health Counselling Predict Suicidal Thoughts/Thoughts of Self-Harm among Female Residents of Fort McMurray," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-14, October.
    97. Antonio Chirumbolo & Antonino Callea & Flavio Urbini, 2022. "Living in Liquid Times: The Relationships among Job Insecurity, Life Uncertainty, and Psychosocial Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-20, November.
    98. Liu, Qiyang & Liu, Yang & Zhang, Chi & An, Zihao & Zhao, Pengjun, 2021. "Elderly mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration in Kunming, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    99. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "Did the Paycheck Protection Program and Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program get disbursed to minority communities in the early stages of COVID-19?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 829-842, February.
    100. Dörr, Julian Oliver & Kinne, Jan & Lenz, David & Licht, Georg & Winker, Peter, 2021. "An integrated data framework for policy guidance in times of dynamic economic shocks," ZEW Discussion Papers 21-062, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.

  21. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2019. "Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," NBER Working Papers 26377, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Fairlie, Robert W., 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Evidence of Early-Stage Losses from the April 2020 Current Population Survey," IZA Discussion Papers 13311, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Hossain, Md Mobarak & Fossen, Frank M. & Mukhopadhyay, Sankar, 2025. "An Estimated Model of Employer and Non-Employer Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 18009, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Franziska Bay & Sierdjan Koster, 2023. "Self-employment career patterns in the Netherlands: exploring individual and regional differences," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 71(3), pages 601-625, December.
    4. Robert W. Fairlie, 2020. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions," CESifo Working Paper Series 8581, CESifo.
    5. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2021. "Did the $660 Billion Paycheck Protection Program and $220 Billion Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program Get Disbursed to Minority Communities in the Early Stages of COVID-19?," NBER Working Papers 28321, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Fossen, Frank M. & Sorgner, Alina, 2021. "Digitalization of work and entry into entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 548-563.
    7. Fossen, Frank M. & McLemore, Trevor & Sorgner, Alina, 2024. "Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 17055, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Menzies, Jane & Chavan, Meena & Jack, Robert & Scarparo, Simona & Chirico, Francesco, 2024. "Australian indigenous female entrepreneurs: The role of adversity quotient," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    9. Robert Fairlie, 2020. "The impact of COVID‐19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social‐distancing restrictions," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 727-740, October.
    10. Kalenkoski, Charlene M. & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2020. "Initial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Employment and Hours of Self-Employed Coupled and Single Workers by Gender and Parental Status," IZA Discussion Papers 13443, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Odermatt, Reto & Powdthavee, Nattavudh & Stutzer, Alois, 2021. "Are newly self-employed overly optimistic about their future well-being?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    12. Rodriguez Torres, Omar, 2021. "How different are necessity and opportunity firms? Evidence from a quantile analysis of the Colombian microenterprise sector," MERIT Working Papers 2021-019, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    13. Fairlie, Robert W, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Continued Losses and the Partial Rebound in May 2020," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt21f993s2, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    14. Ege Can, 2022. "Income taxation, entrepreneurship, and incorporation status of self-employment," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 29(5), pages 1260-1293, October.
    15. Mina, Andrea & Santoleri, Pietro, 2021. "The effect of the Great Recession on the employment growth of young vs. small firms in the Eurozone," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 184-194.
    16. Hackler, Darrene & Harpel, Ellen, 2021. "Incentives for Entrepreneurial Firms and Technical and Policy Appendices," MPRA Paper 109173, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Safiya Mukhtar Alshibani & Ingebjørg Kristoffersen & Thierry Volery, 2025. "Hidden costs of entering self-employment: the spouse’s psychological well-being," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 307-332, February.
    18. Kim Kaivanto & Peng Zhang, 2021. "Is Business Formation Driven by Sentiment or Fundamentals?," Working Papers 332157433, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department.
    19. Nick Manuel, 2024. "Migration and self-employment: the case of internal migrants," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 94(4), pages 613-637, May.
    20. Irina Bilan & Constantin-Marius Apostoaie, 2023. "Unemployment benefits, entrepreneurship policies, and new business creation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(4), pages 1411-1436, December.
    21. Frank M. Fossen, 2021. "Self-employment over the business cycle in the USA: a decomposition," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 1837-1855, December.
    22. Cuntz, Alexander & Peuckert, Jan, 2023. "From hackers to start-ups: Innovation commons and local entrepreneurial activity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(2).

  22. Fairlie, Robert W & Miranda, Javier & Zolas, Nikolas, 2019. "Measuring Job Creation, Growth, and Survival among the Universe of Start-ups in the United States Using a Combined Start-up Panel Data Set," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7p90k10t, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Kalenkoski, Charlene Marie & Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff, 2021. "Impacts of COVID-19 on the Self-employed," GLO Discussion Paper Series 843, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    2. Hoang, Huy Viet & Nguyen, Cuong & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2022. "Corporate immunity, national culture and stock returns: Startups amid the COVID-19 pandemic," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Fackler, Daniel & Hölscher, Lisa & Schnabel, Claus & Weyh, Antje, 2020. "Does Working at a Start-Up Pay Off?," IZA Discussion Papers 13033, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Bulent Unel & Gregory B. Upton Jr., 2021. "Oil & Gas Induced Economic Fluctuations and Self-Employment," Departmental Working Papers 2021-04, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.
    5. Fehder, Daniel C. & Hausman, Naomi & Hochberg, Yael V., 2025. "Innovation and capital," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    6. Jerzy Cieślik & Ondřej Dvouletý & André Stel, 2025. "Expansion and job creation strategies in different solo self-employment segments," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-27, December.
    7. Younjun Kim & Peter F. Orazem, 2025. "What increases the urban–rural gap in firm entry rates?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 1141-1158, August.
    8. Arnaldo Camuffo & Alfonso Gambardella & Danilo Messinese & Elena Novelli & Emilio Paolucci & Chiara Spina, 2024. "A scientific approach to entrepreneurial decision‐making: Large‐scale replication and extension," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(6), pages 1209-1237, June.
    9. Hackler, Darrene & Harpel, Ellen, 2021. "Incentives for Entrepreneurial Firms and Technical and Policy Appendices," MPRA Paper 109173, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Alicia Robb & Adji Fatou Diagne, 2025. "Startup Dynamics: Transitioning from Nonemployer Firms to Employer Firms, Survival, and Job Creation," Working Papers 25-26, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    11. Jerzy Cieślik & André van Stel, 2024. "Solo self‐employment––Key policy challenges," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 759-792, July.
    12. Fanjul, Ana P. & Herrera, Liliana & Munoz-Doyague, Maria F., 2023. "Fostering rural entrepreneurship: An ex-post analysis for Spanish municipalities," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).

  23. Fairlie, Robert W & Fossen, Frank M, 2018. "Opportunity Versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rd0g01g, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Tessa Conroy & Sarah A. Low, 2022. "Opportunity, necessity, and no one in the middle: A closer look at small, rural, and female‐led entrepreneurship in the United States," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(1), pages 162-196, March.
    2. Coates, Dermot & Lawless, Martina, 2024. "Entrepreneur characteristics and determinants of self-employment across Europe," Papers WP772, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    3. Merita Zulfiu Alili & Nick Adnett, 2021. "Return migrants in Albania: The determinants of “entrepreneurial gain”," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(3), pages 1761-1777, August.
    4. Cheng, Qian & Wang, Hongru & Li, Yushen, 2022. "The effect of urban cultural diversity on the entrepreneurship of rural-to-urban migrant workers," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    5. Mohammad I. Al-Housani & Muammer Koç & Mohammed S. Al-Sada, 2023. "Investigations on Entrepreneurship Needs, Challenges, and Models for Countries in Transition to Sustainable Development from Resource-Based Economy—Qatar as a Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-28, May.
    6. Croitoru Alin, 2019. "No Entrepreneurship without Opportunity: The Intersection of Return Migration Research and Entrepreneurship Literature," Social Change Review, Sciendo, vol. 17(1), pages 33-60, December.
    7. Wang, Chunbei & Lofstrom, Magnus, 2019. "September 11 and the Rise of Necessity Self-Employment among Mexican Immigrants," IZA Discussion Papers 12555, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Nikolova, Milena & Nikolaev, Boris & Popova, Olga, 2020. "The Perceived Well-being and Health Costs of Exiting Self-Employment," GLO Discussion Paper Series 527, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    9. Alejandro Almeida & Antonio A. Golpe & Juan Manuel Martín-Álvarez & Jose Carlos Vides, 2025. "New England’s Pinnacle: fostering quality entrepreneurial ecosystems," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 15(1), pages 243-271, March.
    10. Núñez, Yilsy M. & Morales-Alonso, Gustavo, 2024. "Longitudinal study of necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurship upon COVID lockdowns - The importance of misery and economic freedom indexes," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    11. Scarelli, Thiago & Margolis, David N., 2023. "When You Can't Afford to Wait for a Job: The Role of Time Discounting for Own-Account Workers in Developing Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 15926, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Alin Croitoru, 2020. "Great Expectations: A Regional Study of Entrepreneurship Among Romanian Return Migrants," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(2), pages 21582440209, May.
    13. Thomas Gries, 2020. "Income polarization and stagnation in astochastic model of growth: When the demand side matters," Working Papers CIE 132, Paderborn University, CIE Center for International Economics.
    14. Daniel Badulescu & Tomina Saveanu & Diana-Teodora Trip & Alina Badulescu, 2024. "Business Opportunities and Drivers for Health and Spa Tourism: A Qualitative Research on Baile Felix Spa Resort, Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-22, February.
    15. Ahmad Fathi Alheet, 2019. "Investigating the relationship between entrepreneurial activity and economic growth: a case of Middle East," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 7(2), pages 1036-1047, December.
    16. Małgorzata Wosiek, 2023. "Unemployment and Enterprise Births in European Countries: A Sectoral Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    17. Fossen, Frank M., 2019. "Entrepreneurship over the Business Cycle in the United States: A Decomposition," IZA Discussion Papers 12499, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    18. Aldén, Lina & Hammarstedt, Mats & Miao, Chizheng, 2020. "Financial Capital and Immigrant Self-Employment: Evidence from a Swedish Reform," Working Paper Series 1359, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    19. Serio Monserrat, 2021. "Mujeres emprendedoras en América Latina: Una mirada sobre la influencia del nivel educativo en la probabilidad de emprender," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4522, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    20. Jafari-Sadeghi, Vahid, 2020. "The motivational factors of business venturing: Opportunity versus necessity? A gendered perspective on European countries," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 279-289.
    21. Malgorzata Wosiek, 2021. "Unemployment and new firm formation: evidence from Polish industries at the regional level," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 16(4), pages 765-782, December.
    22. Jiayi Bao, 2024. "Gender gap in STEM entrepreneurship: Effects of the Affordable Care Act reform," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(8), pages 1567-1596, August.
    23. Brahim Gaies & Massimiliano Vesci & Chiara Crudele & Andrea Calabrò & Adnane Maalaoui, 2025. "Panta Rhei! Disentangling the temporal dynamics of nascent and future entrepreneurship," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-46, December.
    24. Chizheng Miao, 2020. "Immigrant self‐employment and local unemployment in Sweden," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 88(3), pages 464-488, June.
    25. Amir Emami & Shayegheh Ashourizadeh & Shima Sheikhi & Gadaf Rexhepi, 2022. "Entrepreneurial propensity for market analysis in the time of COVID-19: benefits from individual entrepreneurial orientation and opportunity confidence," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(8), pages 2413-2439, November.
    26. Aycan Kara & Ratan J. S. Dheer, 2023. "The relationship between culture and entrepreneurship: the role of Trust," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1803-1833, December.
    27. Adam P. Balcerzak & Michal Bernard Pietrzak (ed.), 2021. "Contemporary Issues in Economy. Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Economics: Quantitative Methods," Books, Institute of Economic Research, edition 1, volume 11, number 28, December.
    28. Galina Vereshchagina, 2018. "Financial constraints and economic development: the role of innovative investment," 2018 Meeting Papers 1107, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    29. Pau Sendra-Pons & Sara Belarbi-Muñoz & Dolores Garzón & Alicia Mas-Tur, 2022. "Cross-country differences in drivers of female necessity entrepreneurship," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 16(4), pages 971-989, December.
    30. Isabel Martínez-Rodríguez & Consolación Quintana-Rojo & Pedro Gento & Fernando-Evaristo Callejas-Albiñana, 2022. "Public policy recommendations for promoting female entrepreneurship in Europe," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 1235-1262, September.
    31. Nikolova, Milena, 2019. "Switching to self-employment can be good for your health," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 664-691.
    32. Khalil Liouane, 2024. "Follow The Money: Exploring the Key Factors Influencing Investment in African Startups," Papers 2401.05760, arXiv.org.
    33. Alin Croitoru & Flavius Mihalache, 2018. "Fostering rural transformation in Romania: Entrepreneurship, land reform and institutional changes," Journal of Community Positive Practices, Catalactica NGO, issue 1, pages 3-17.
    34. Daehyun Kim & Taekyun Kim & Wonjoon Kim & Hyejin Youn, 2025. "When automation hits jobs: Entrepreneurship as an alternative career path," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(9), pages 1-20, September.
    35. Nikolova, Milena, 2018. "Self-Employment Can Be Good for Your Health," GLO Discussion Paper Series 226, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    36. Nicolò Barbieri & Ugo Rizzo, 2023. "The impact of crime on firm entry," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 63(2), pages 446-469, March.
    37. Ida Ketut Kusumawijaya, 2019. "Predicting the Unseen: Entrepreneurial Opportunity on Entrepreneurial Intention," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 9(5), pages 141-149.

  24. Fairlie, Robert W & Bahr, Peter, 2018. "The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Fields Experiment and California UI Earnings Records," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7f86913h, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Yanguas, Maria Lucia, 2020. "Technology and educational choices: Evidence from a one-laptop-per-child program," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    2. Eggenberger, Christian & Backes-Gellner, Uschi, 2022. "IT Skills, Occupation Specificity and Job Separations," IZA Discussion Papers 15694, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Celeste K. Carruthers & Christopher Jepsen, 2020. "Vocational Education: An International Perspective," CESifo Working Paper Series 8718, CESifo.
    4. Luca Bonacini & Marina Murat, 2023. "Beyond the Covid-19 pandemic: remote learning and education inequalities," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 50(1), pages 207-236, February.

  25. Fairlie, Robert W, 2017. "Have we finally bridged the digital divide? Smart phone and Internet use patterns by race and ethnicity," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2591v2w7, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Michael Levere & David Wittenburg & Martha Kovac & Stacie Feldman & Stacy Dale, "undated". "Promoting Opportunity Demonstration: Using Web Surveys for People with Disabilities," Mathematica Policy Research Reports dfeaec7f459d48f3b0b331e51, Mathematica Policy Research.
    2. Bauer, Anahid & Feir, Donn. L. & Gregg, Matthew T., 2022. "The tribal digital divide: Extent and Explanations," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(9).
    3. Sarkar, Avijit & Pick, James B. & Rosales, Jessica, 2023. "Multivariate and geospatial analysis of technology utilization in US counties," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(7).
    4. Benjamin Skinner & Taylor Burtch & Hazel Levy, 2024. "Variation in Broadband Access Among Undergraduate Populations Across the United States," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 65(5), pages 827-870, August.

  26. Fairlie, Robert, 2016. "Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4542h7rq, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Srikant Devaraj & Pankaj C. Patel, 2017. "Skin Tone and Self-Employment: is there an Intra-Group Variation among Blacks?," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 44(1), pages 137-166, June.
    2. Don Mar & Paul Ong & Tom Larson & James Peoples, 2022. "Racial and ethnic disparities in who receives unemployment benefits during COVID-19," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(8), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Huanan Xu, 2018. "First fired, first hired? Business cycles and immigrant labor market transitions," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 8(1), pages 1-36, December.
    4. Armagan Gezici & Ozge Ozay, 2020. "An Intersectional Analysis of COVID-19 Unemployment," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 270-281, December.
    5. Forsythe, Eliza & Wu, Jhih-Chian, 2021. "Explaining Demographic Heterogeneity in Cyclical Unemployment," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

  27. Robert W. Fairlie & Ariel Kalil, 2016. "The Effects of Computers on Children's Social Development and School Participation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment," CESifo Working Paper Series 6230, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Caldarulo, Mattia & Mossberger, Karen & Howell, Anthony, 2023. "Community-wide broadband adoption and student academic achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1).
    2. Elena Claudia Meroni & Daniela Piazzalunga & Chiara Pronzato, 2022. "Allocation of time and child socio-emotional skills," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 1155-1192, December.
    3. Hamard Bruno & Pascal Habihirwe, 2023. "The Contribution Of Ict And Distance Education On The Learning Of University Students: The Practical Case University Of Rwanda (Ur), (2019 - 2022)," Working papers 2023-45-03, Voice of Research.
    4. Ofer Malamud, 2019. "The Effect of Home Computers and the Internet on Children’s Human Capital Development," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(02), pages 34-40, August.
    5. Kessel, Dany & Lif Hardardottir, Hulda & Tyrefors, Björn, 2019. "The Impact of Banning Mobile Phones in Swedish Secondary Schools," Working Paper Series 1288, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 11 Feb 2020.
    6. Ofer Malamud & Santiago Cueto & Julian Cristia & Diether W. Beuermann, 2018. "Do Children Benefit from Internet Access? Experimental Evidence from Peru," NBER Working Papers 25312, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Denis Fougère & Ghazala Azmat & Alexis Lermite & Clémence Lobut, 2022. "L’impact du numérique sur les apprentissages des élèves : évaluation d’une politique d’équipement à grande échelle. Ensemble des résultats au cycle 4," SciencePo Working papers Main halshs-03915750, HAL.
    8. Cyprien Sikubwabo1 & Pascal Habihirwe, 2022. "Effects Of Information And Communication Technology On Students’ Learning Behaviour In Rwandan Secondary Schools In Musanze District," Working papers 2022-42-02, Voice of Research.
    9. Likun Mao & Sarah Grace See, 2025. "Early Exposure, ICT Use, and Teenage Well being Outcomes," CHILD Working Papers Series 121 JEL Classification: I, Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic Economics (CHILD) - CCA.
    10. Luísa Campos & Lurdes Veríssimo & Bárbara Nobre & Catarina Morais & Pedro Dias, 2021. "Protective Factors in the Use of Electronic Media According to Youth and Their Parents: An Exploratory Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-12, March.
    11. Yunrong Li & Ricardo Mora, 2022. "On the use of social networking services and the ability to socialize: evidence from Chinese children aged 10 to 15," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(49), pages 5639-5654, October.
    12. Elena Claudia Meroni & Daniela Piazzalunga & Chiara Pronzato, 2019. "Use of extra-school time and child behaviour," FBK-IRVAPP Working Papers 2019-02, Research Institute for the Evaluation of Public Policies (IRVAPP), Bruno Kessler Foundation.
    13. Husøy, Sigrid Johanne & Mignon, Doriane, 2025. "Well-being and technology: The effect of individual laptops in high school," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).

  28. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Karthik Muralidharan & Abhijeet Singh & Alejandro J. Ganimian, 2019. "Disrupting Education? Experimental Evidence on Technology-Aided Instruction in India," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(4), pages 1426-1460, April.
    2. Wu-Yuin Hwang & Uun Hariyanti, 2020. "Investigation of Students’ and Parents’ Perceptions of Authentic Contextual Learning at Home and Their Mutual Influence on Technological and Pedagogical Aspects of Learning under COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Peter Bergman, 2020. "Nudging Technology Use: Descriptive and Experimental Evidence from School Information Systems," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(4), pages 623-647, Fall.
    4. Falck, Oliver & Heimisch-Roecker, Alexandra & Wiederhold, Simon, 2021. "Returns to ICT skills," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(7).
    5. Jeong, Dong Wook & Moon, Heewon & Jeong, Seol Mi & Moon, Chan Ju, 2024. "Digital capital accumulation in schools, teachers, and students and academic achievement: Cross-country evidence from the PISA 2018," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    6. Vargas-Montoya, Luis & Gimenez, Gregorio & Fernández-Gutiérrez, Marcos, 2023. "ICT use for learning and students' outcomes: Does the country's development level matter?," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PA).
    7. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin, 2024. "Technology in the classroom: Personal computers and learning outcomes in primary school," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    8. Briglauer, Wolfgang, 2017. "Does State Aid For Broadband Deployment In Rural Areas Close The Digital And Economic Divide?," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168055, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    9. Bergman, Peter & Rogers, Todd, 2017. "The Impact of Defaults on Technology Adoption, and Its Underappreciation by Pollicymakers," Working Paper Series rwp17-021, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
    10. Gregorio Gimenez & Luis Vargas-Montoya, 2021. "ICT Use and Successful Learning: The Role of the Stock of Human Capital," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-15, July.
    11. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W., 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Community College Enrollment and Student Success: Evidence from California Administrative Data," IZA Discussion Papers 15424, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Hull, Marie C. & Duch, Katherine, 2017. "One-To-One Technology and Student Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 10886, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & José Montalbán & Felix Weinhardt, 2021. "Home Broadband and Human Capital Formation," CESifo Working Paper Series 8846, CESifo.
    14. So Yoon Ahn & Youjin Hahn & Semee Yoon, 2021. "Can New Learning Opportunities Reshape Gender Attitudes for Girls?: Field Evidence from Tanzania," Working Papers 2021-046, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    15. Dagorn, Etienne & Moulin, Léonard, 2025. "Dropping out of university in response to the COVID-19 pandemic," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    16. Ma, Yue & Fairlie, Robert & Loyalka, Prashant & Rozelle, Scott, 2024. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer-Assisted Learning in China," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt99m4r92g, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    17. Elert, Niklas & Henrekson, Magnus, 2023. "The Profit Motive in the Classroom—Friend or Foe?," Working Paper Series 1468, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    18. Robert W. Fairlie & Peter Riley Bahr, 2018. "The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Field Experiment and California UI Earnings Records," NBER Working Papers 24276, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Fernando Barrios Aguirre & Diego A. Forero & Martha Patricia Castellanos Saavedra & Sandra Yaneth Mora Malagón, 2021. "The Impact of Computer and Internet at Home on Academic Results of the Saber 11 National Exam in Colombia," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    20. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers: The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 450, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    21. Derksen, Laura & Michaud-Leclerc, Catherine & Souza, Pedro C.L., 2022. "Restricted access: How the internet can be used to promote reading and learning," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    22. Maximilian Weber & Birgit Becker, 2019. "Browsing the Web for School: Social Inequality in Adolescents’ School-Related Use of the Internet," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(2), pages 21582440198, June.
    23. Naik, Gopal & Chitre, Chetan & Bhalla, Manaswini & Rajan, Jothsna, 2020. "Impact of use of technology on student learning outcomes: Evidence from a large-scale experiment in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    24. Martínez-Gautier, Daniel & Garrido-Yserte, Rubén & Gallo-Rivera, María-Teresa, 2021. "Educational performance and ICTs: Availability, use, misuse and context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 173-182.
    25. Nicola Bianchi & Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2020. "The Effect of Computer-Assisted Learning on Students' Long-Term Development," NBER Working Papers 28180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    26. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers : The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1236, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    27. Robert W. Fairlie & Ariel Kalil, 2016. "The Effects of Computers on Children’s Social Development and School Participation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment," NBER Working Papers 22907, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    28. McDool, Emily & Powell, Philip & Roberts, Jennifer & Taylor, Karl, 2020. "The internet and children’s psychological wellbeing," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    29. C. Kirabo Jackson & Alexey Makarin, 2016. "Can Online Off-The-Shelf Lessons Improve Student Outcomes? Evidence from A Field Experiment," NBER Working Papers 22398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    30. Jongseok Ahn, 2020. "Unequal Loneliness in the Digitalized Classroom: Two Loneliness Effects of School Computers and Lessons for Sustainable Education in the E-Learning Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    31. Yang, Minseok & Lee, Ho Jun, 2022. "Do school resources reduce socioeconomic achievement gap? Evidence from PISA 2015," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    32. Abbiati, Giovanni & Azzolini, Davide & Balanskat, Anja & Engelhart, Katja & Piazzalunga, Daniela & Rettore, Enrico & Wastiau, Patricia, 2023. "Effects of an Online Self-Assessment Tool on Teachers' Digital Competencies," IZA Discussion Papers 15863, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    33. Campbell, Richard Cole, 2024. "Need for speed: Fiber and student achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(6).
    34. Jongseok Ahn, 2022. "Exploring the Negative and Gap-Widening Effects of EdTech on Young Children’s Learning Achievement: Evidence from a Longitudinal Dataset of Children in American K–3 Classrooms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-19, April.
    35. Aaron K. Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 18, pages 27-51, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    36. Briglauer, Wolfgang & Duerr, Niklas S. & Falck, Oliver & Hueschelrath, Kai, 2019. "Does state aid for broadband deployment in rural areas close the digital and economic divide?," Munich Reprints in Economics 78272, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
    37. Ferman, Bruno & Finamor, Lucas & Lima, Lycia, 2019. "Are Public Schools Ready to Integrate Math Classes with Khan Academy?," MPRA Paper 94736, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    38. Perera, Marcelo & Aboal, Diego, 2019. "The impact of a mathematics computer-assisted learning platform on students' mathematics test scores," MERIT Working Papers 2019-007, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    39. Yue Ma & Robert W. Fairlie & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China," NBER Working Papers 26953, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    40. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin & Sibbmark, Kristina, 2021. "A laptop for every child? The impact of technology on human capital formation," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    41. Cambini, Carlo & Sabatino, Lorien & Zaccagni, Sarah, 2024. "The faster the better? Advanced internet access and student performance," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(8).
    42. Díaz, Carlos & Dodel, Matías & Menese, Pablo, 2022. "Can one laptop per child reduce digital inequalities? ICT household access patterns under Plan Ceibal," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(9).
    43. Aaron Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Working Papers 23531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    44. Laia Navarro-Sola, 2021. "Secondary Schools with Televised Lessons: The Labor Market Returns of the Mexican Telesecundaria," Working Papers 2021-053, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    45. Johnson, Helen & McNally, Sandra & Rolfe, Heather & Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer & Savage, Robert & Vousden, Janet & Wood, Clare, 2019. "Reprint of: Teaching assistants, computers and classroom management," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 17-32.
    46. Nguyen, Ha Trong & Le, Huong Thu & Connelly, Luke B., 2019. "Weather and children’s time allocation," MPRA Paper 94442, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    47. Jina Suh & Eric Horvitz & Ryen W. White & Tim Althoff, 2022. "Disparate impacts on online information access during the Covid-19 pandemic," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    48. Carter, Susan Payne & Greenberg, Kyle & Walker, Michael S., 2017. "The impact of computer usage on academic performance: Evidence from a randomized trial at the United States Military Academy," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 118-132.
    49. John Ariza & Juan Pablo Saldarriaga & Karen Yohana Reinoso & Cristhian David Tafur, 2021. "Information and Communication Technologies and Academic Performance inHigh School in Colombia," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 94, pages 47-86, Enero-Jun.
    50. Bass, Brittany, 2021. "The effect of technology funding on school-level student proficiency," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    51. Yuki HIGUCHI & Miyuki SASAKI & Makiko NAKAMURO, 2017. "Impacts of an ICT-assisted Program on Attitudes and English Communicative Abilities: An experiment in a Japanese high school," Discussion papers 17030, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    52. Marie Connolly & Catherine Haeck, 2018. "Le lien entre la taille des classes et les compétences cognitives et non cognitives," CIRANO Project Reports 2018rp-18, CIRANO.
    53. Ferman, Bruno & Lima, Lycia & Riva, Flavio, 2020. "Experimental Evidence on Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom," MPRA Paper 103934, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  29. Fairlie, Robert & Miranda, Javier, 2016. "Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring their First Employee," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt3z2945nj, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Annika Nivala, 2024. "(No) Effects of Subsidizing the First Employee: Evidence of a Low Take-up Puzzle Among Firms," Working Papers 23, Finnish Centre of Excellence in Tax Systems Research.
    2. Astebro, Thomas B. & Tåg, Joacim, 2017. "Gross, Net, and New Job Creation by Entrepreneurs," HEC Research Papers Series 1188, HEC Paris, revised 16 Jun 2017.
    3. Sitnicki Maksym, 2018. "Exploration of the role of business schools in the development of world-class research universities," Technology audit and production reserves, 1(39) 2018, Socionet;Technology audit and production reserves, vol. 1(5(39)), pages 36-45.
    4. Raffaele Conti & Olenka Kacperczyk & Giovanni Valentini, 2022. "Institutional protection of minority employees and entrepreneurship: Evidence from the LGBT Employment Non‐Discrimination Acts," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(4), pages 758-791, April.
    5. Robert Fairlie & David T. Robinson, 2023. "Racial Differences in Access to Capital for Innovative Start-Ups," Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(1), pages 149-166.
    6. Nivala, Annika, 2024. "(No) Effects of Subsidizing the First Employee: Evidence of a Low Take-up Puzzle Among Firms," Working Papers 166, VATT Institute for Economic Research.
    7. Richard Fabling, 2018. "Entrepreneurial beginnings: Transitions to self-employment and the creation of jobs," Motu Working Papers 18_12, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    8. Fairlie, Robert W & Miranda, Javier & Zolas, Nikolas, 2019. "Measuring Job Creation, Growth, and Survival among the Universe of Start-ups in the United States Using a Combined Start-up Panel Data Set," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7p90k10t, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    9. Fairlie, Robert W & Miranda, Javier, 2016. "Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring Their First Employee," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7mp406jc, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    10. Michael J. Pisani & Joseph M. Guzman & Chad Richardson & Carlos Sepulveda & Lyonel Laulié, 2017. "“Small business enterprises and Latino entrepreneurship: An enclave or mainstream activity in South Texas?”," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 295-323, September.
    11. Ken Clark & Stephen Drinkwater & Catherine Robinson, 2017. "Self-employment amongst migrant groups: new evidence from England and Wales," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 1047-1069, April.
    12. Kathryn Shaw & Anders Sørensen, 2019. "The Productivity Advantage of Serial Entrepreneurs," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 72(5), pages 1225-1261, October.

  30. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Anelli, Massimo & Basso, Gaetano & Ippedico, Giuseppe & Peri, Giovanni, 2020. "Does Emigration Drain Entrepreneurs?," IZA Discussion Papers 13390, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Giambra,Samuele & Mckenzie,David J., 2019. "Self-Employment and Migration," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9007, The World Bank.
    3. Becker, Sascha O. & Mergele, Lukas & Woessmann, Ludger, 2020. "The Separation and Reunification of Germany : Rethinking a Natural Experiment Interpretation of the Enduring Effects of Communism," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 461, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    4. Parag Mahajan, 2021. "Immigration and Local Business Dynamics: Evidence from U.S. Firms," Working Papers 21-18, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    5. Ivan Etzo & Carla Massidda & Romano Piras, 2020. "Do Firms Follow Immigrants? Empirical Evidence From Italy," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 111(5), pages 718-737, December.
    6. Bryan Malki & Timur Uman & Daniel Pittino, 2022. "The entrepreneurial financing of the immigrant entrepreneurs: a literature review," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 1337-1365, March.
    7. Mengdie Ruan & Angathevar Baskaran & Shanshan Zhou, 2022. "Mainland Chinese Immigrant-owned SMEs in Malaysia: Case Studies," Millennial Asia, , vol. 13(1), pages 5-34, April.
    8. Sandra Sequeira & Nathan Nunn & Nancy Qian, 2020. "Immigrants and the Making of America," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 87(1), pages 382-419.
    9. Estrin, Saul & Guerrero, Maribel & Mickiewicz, Tomasz, 2024. "A framework for investigating new firm entry: the (limited) overlap between informal-formal and necessity-opportunity entrepreneurship," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 122663, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    10. Ratan J. S. Dheer & Aycan Kara, 2024. "Immigrants’ entrepreneurial intentions: acculturation-based socio-psychological lens," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 2979-2999, December.
    11. Matthew Roskruge & Jacques Poot & Laura King, 2016. "Social capital, entrepreneurship and living standards: differences between migrants and the native born," Chapters, in: Hans Westlund & Johan P. Larsson (ed.), Handbook of Social Capital and Regional Development, chapter 9, pages 221-254, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    12. Natee Amornsiripanitch & Paul A. Gompers & George Hu & Kaushik Vasudevan, 2021. "Getting Schooled: The Role of Universities in Attracting Immigrant Entrepreneurs," NBER Working Papers 28773, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Cai, Zhengyu & Winters, John V., 2017. "Self-Employment Differentials among Foreign-Born STEM and Non-STEM Workers," IZA Discussion Papers 10688, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Mahesh Somashekhar & James Buszkiewicz & Scott W. Allard & Jennifer Romich, 2022. "How Do Employers Belonging to Marginalized Communities Respond to Minimum Wage Increases? The Case of Immigrant-Owned Businesses in Seattle," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 36(2), pages 108-123, May.
    15. Liu, Xinyan & Xu, Yunjiao & Zou, Jian, 2024. "Migration barrier relaxation and entrepreneurship: Evidence from the hukou reform in China," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    16. Jahn, Vera & Steinhardt, Max Friedrich, 2018. "Immigration and new firm formation: Evidence from a quasi-experimental setting in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 787, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    17. Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Magnus Lofstrom & Chunbei Wang, 2022. "Immigration Policy and the Rise of Self-Employment among Mexican Immigrants," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 75(5), pages 1189-1214, October.
    18. Maribel Guerrero & Vesna Mandakovic & Mauricio Apablaza & Veronica Arriagada, 2021. "Are migrants in/from emerging economies more entrepreneurial than natives?," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 527-548, June.
    19. Sequeira, Sandra & Nunn, Nathan & Qian, Nancy, 2017. "Migrants and the Making of America: The Short and Long Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration," CEPR Discussion Papers 11899, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    20. Robert Fairlie, 2020. "The impact of COVID‐19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social‐distancing restrictions," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 727-740, October.
    21. Ma, Jiantao & Sarker, Anindo & Unel, Bulent, 2025. "Does credit expansion encourage small businesses to incorporate? Evidence from US bank deregulations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    22. Richard Fabling, 2018. "Entrepreneurial beginnings: Transitions to self-employment and the creation of jobs," Motu Working Papers 18_12, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    23. Frederick Wedzerai Nyakudya, 2019. "Positive local externalities of immigration on entrepreneurship: Evidence from the UK East Midlands region," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 34(3), pages 271-293, May.
    24. Ina Ganguli & Shulamit Kahn & Megan MacGarvie, 2019. "Introduction to "The Roles of Immigrants and Foreign Students in US Science, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship"," NBER Chapters, in: The Roles of Immigrants and Foreign Students in US Science, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship, pages 1-14, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    25. Himmet Karadal & Belal Hamed Taher Shneikat & A. Mohammad Abubakar & Omar Khalid Bhatti, 2021. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship: the Case of Turkish Entrepreneurs in the United States," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(4), pages 1574-1593, December.
    26. Josh Lerner, 2020. "Government Incentives for Entrepreneurship," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation and Public Policy, pages 213-235, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    27. Dheer, Ratan J.S. & Lenartowicz, Tomasz, 2020. "Effect of generational status on immigrants’ intentions to start new ventures: The role of cognitions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(3).
    28. Bonin, Holger, 2017. "The Potential Economic Benefits of Education of Migrants in the EU," IZA Research Reports 75, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    29. Gergely Horváth & Rui Zhang, 2022. "Ethnic entrepreneurship, assimilation, and integration policy," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 24(4), pages 781-816, August.
    30. Jun Yeong Lee & John V. Winters, 2024. "Too Cold to Venture There? January Temperature and Immigrant Self-Employment Across the United States," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 38(4), pages 249-270, November.
    31. Andersson, Henrik, 2018. "Ethnic Enclaves, Self-Employment and the Economic Performance of Refugees," Working Paper Series 2018:7, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    32. Iranzo, Susana, 2025. "Immigrants and entrepreneurship: A road for talent or just the only road?," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    33. Areendam Chanda & Bulent Unel, 2021. "Do attitudes toward risk taking affect entrepreneurship? Evidence from second-generation Americans," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 385-413, December.
    34. Zhang, Sihan & Qiu, Leiju & Zhao, Daxuan, 2021. "Technological diffusion, migration and entrepreneurship in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    35. Fornaro, Paolo, 2018. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Finland," ETLA Reports 83, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    36. Nathan Goldschlag & J. Daniel Kim & Kristin McCue, 2017. "Just Passing Through: Characterizing U.S. Pass-Through Business Owners," Working Papers 17-69, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    37. Li Yu & Xundong Yin & Xiang Zheng & Wenwei Li, 2017. "Lose to win: entrepreneurship of returned migrants in China," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 58(2), pages 341-374, March.
    38. Zovanga L. Kone & Isabel Ruiz & Carlos Vargas-Silva, 2021. "Self-employment and reason for migration: are those who migrate for asylum different from other migrants?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 947-962, February.
    39. Kleinhempel, Johannes & Klasing, Mariko & Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd, 2022. "Cultural Roots of Entrepreneurship," MPRA Paper 115942, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    40. Xi Huang, 2021. "Immigration and economic resilience in the Great Recession," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(9), pages 1885-1905, July.

  31. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Do Boys and Girls Use Computers Differently, and Does It Contribute to Why Boys doWorse in School than Girls?," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4n54q8xh, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Algan, Yann & Fortin, Nicole M., 2016. "Computer Gaming and Test Scores: Cross-Country Gender Differences among Teenagers," IZA Discussion Papers 10433, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

  32. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "The Kauffman Index: Startup Activity | National Trends," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5cb198rq, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Timothy Bates & William D. Bradford & Robert Seamans, 2018. "Minority entrepreneurship in twenty-first century America," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 415-427, March.
    2. Stephens, Bryan & Butler, John Sibley & Garg, Rajiv & Gibson, David V., 2019. "Austin, Boston, Silicon Valley, and New York: Case studies in the location choices of entrepreneurs in maintaining the Technopolis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 267-280.
    3. Borowiecki, Karol Jan & Dahl, Christian Møller, 2021. "What makes an artist? The evolution and clustering of creative activity in the US since 1850," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    4. Monica Fisher & Paul A. Lewin, 2018. "Push and pull factors and Hispanic self-employment in the USA," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 1055-1070, December.
    5. Thorsten Drautzburg, 2016. "Just How Important Are New Businesses?," Economic Insights, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, vol. 1(4), pages 1-7, October.
    6. Francesc Miralles & Ferran Giones & Brian Gozun, 2017. "Does direct experience matter? Examining the consequences of current entrepreneurial behavior on entrepreneurial intention," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 881-903, September.
    7. Hendrik Beiler, 2016. "Do You Dare? The Effect of Economic Conditions on Entrepreneurship among College Graduates," Working Paper Series in Economics 88, University of Cologne, Department of Economics.
    8. Nava Ashraf & Alexia Delfino & Edward L. Glaeser, 2019. "Rule of Law and Female Entrepreneurship," NBER Working Papers 26366, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Conti, Annamaria & Dass, Nishant & Di Lorenzo, Francesco & Graham, Stuart J.H., 2019. "Venture capital investment strategies under financing constraints: Evidence from the 2008 financial crisis," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 799-812.
    10. Zandberg, Jonathan, 2021. "Family comes first: Reproductive health and the gender gap in entrepreneurship," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(3), pages 838-864.
    11. Xaver Neumeyer & Susana C. Santos & Michael H. Morris, 2019. "Who is left out: exploring social boundaries in entrepreneurial ecosystems," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(2), pages 462-484, April.
    12. Daniel BÃDULESCU & Ramona SIMU? & Alina BÃDULESCU, 2019. "New Ventures’ Objectives And Entrepreneurs’ Expectations. Evidence From Edp-Surveyed Companies," Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 13(1), pages 598-606, November.
    13. Salifu Yusif & Matthew Abunyewah & Michael Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie, 2024. "Challenges faced by minority technology entrepreneurs—women IT entrepreneurs in south africa post-apartheid era," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 336-372, September.
    14. Douglas Cumming & Michele Meoli & Silvio Vismara, 2021. "Does equity crowdfunding democratize entrepreneurial finance?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 533-552, February.
    15. Heinrich Hock & Mary Anne Anderson & Robert Santillano, "undated". "Supporting Self-Employment as a Reemployment Strategy: Impacts of a Pilot Program for Dislocated Workers After 18 Months," Mathematica Policy Research Reports e0233e6eb1d44124a0cb90bc8, Mathematica Policy Research.
    16. Ting Zhang & Zoltan Acs, 2018. "Age and entrepreneurship: nuances from entrepreneur types and generation effects," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 773-809, December.
    17. Farzana Chowdhury & David B. Audretsch, 2021. "A dynamic relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial activity," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 339-356, September.
    18. Mario La Torre & Helen Chiappini (ed.), 2020. "Contemporary Issues in Sustainable Finance," Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-3-030-40248-8, December.
    19. John Sibley Butler & Rajiv Garg & Bryan Stephens, 2020. "Social Networks, Funding, and Regional Advantages in Technology Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Analysis," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 31(1), pages 198-216, March.
    20. Mack, Elizabeth A. & Marie-Pierre, Lisa & Redican, Kyle, 2017. "Entrepreneurs’ use of internet and social media applications," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 120-139.
    21. Borowiecki, Karol Jan, 2019. "The Origins of Creativity: The Case of the Arts in the United States since 1850," Discussion Papers on Economics 3/2019, University of Southern Denmark, Department of Economics.
    22. Paul Davidson Reynolds, 2017. "When is a Firm Born? Alternative Criteria and Consequences," Business Economics, Palgrave Macmillan;National Association for Business Economics, vol. 52(1), pages 41-56, January.
    23. Ahmad Bilal & Shahzad Ali & Muhammad Haseeb Shakil & Muhammad Mukarram & Sayyed Zaman Haider, 2024. "Cultivating Entrepreneurial Minds: Unleashing Potential in Pakistan’s Emerging Entrepreneurs Using Structural Equational Modeling," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(4), pages 19656-19677, December.
    24. Christian E. Weller & Jeffrey B. Wenger, 2017. "Can Income Diversification Explain the Growing Entrepreneurship Gap by Age?," Forum for Social Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(2), pages 145-159, April.
    25. Sharon Poczter & Melanie Shapsis, 2018. "Gender disparity in angel financing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(1), pages 31-55, June.
    26. Tianjiao Qiu, 2018. "Influence Of Cultural Practices On Social Support Of Female Entrepreneurs' Startups," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 23(01), pages 1-21, March.
    27. Chandler Nick, 2019. "Standing alone? A review of the characteristics of the entrepreneur through the actor-activity-attitude framework," Prosperitas, Budapest Business University, vol. 6(1), pages 12-34.
    28. Eesley, Charles & Wang, Yanbo, 2017. "Social influence in career choice: Evidence from a randomized field experiment on entrepreneurial mentorship," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(3), pages 636-650.

  33. Fairlie, Robert W, 2014. "The Absence of the African-American Owned Business: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Self-Employment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt01s9z9tv, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Suguru Mizunoya & Izumi Yamasaki & Sophie Mitra, 2016. "The Disability Gap in Employment Rates in a Developing Country Context: New Evidence from Vietnam," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 36(2), pages 771-777.
    2. Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe & Taiwo Akinyode Obembe & Oyewale Mayowa Morakinyo, 2025. "What are the factors associated with rural-urban inequality in under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries? A Fairlie decomposition analysis," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(4), pages 1-20, April.

  34. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "The Kauffman Index of Entrepreneurial Activity: 1996-2013," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt8nx5s6b1, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Louis‐Philippe Beland & Bulent Unel, 2019. "Politics and entrepreneurship in the US," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 52(1), pages 33-57, February.
    2. Bulent Unel & Gregory B. Upton Jr., 2021. "Oil & Gas Induced Economic Fluctuations and Self-Employment," Departmental Working Papers 2021-04, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.
    3. Anindo Sarker & Bulent Unel, 2017. "The Impact of Bank Expansion on Self-Employed Business Owners: Evidence from US States," Departmental Working Papers 2017-06, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.
    4. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Borra, Cristina & Wang, Chunbei, 2021. "Asian Discrimination in the Coronavirus Era: Implications for Business Formation and Survival," IZA Discussion Papers 14182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. André Laplume & Kent Walker & Zhou Zhang & Xin Yu, 2021. "Incumbent Stakeholder Management Performance and New Entry," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 174(3), pages 629-644, December.
    6. Shutao Cao & Mohanad Salameh & Mai Seki & Pierre St-Amant, 2017. "Trends in Firm Entry and New Entrepreneurship in Canada," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 43(3), pages 202-220, September.
    7. Louis-Philippe Beland & Ozkan Eren & Bulent Unel, 2015. "Politics and Entrepreneurial Activity in the U.S," Departmental Working Papers 2015-04, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.
    8. Ozkan Eren & Masayuki Onda & Bulent Unel, 2016. "Effects of FDI on Entrepreneurial Activity: Evidence from Right-to-Work and Non-Right-to-Work States," Departmental Working Papers 2016-04, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.

  35. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "Behind the GATE Experiment: Evidence on Effects of and Rationales for Subsidized Entrepreneurship Training," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt56k4264f, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Elert, Niklas & Andersson, Fredrik W. & Wennberg, Karl, 2015. "The impact of entrepreneurship education in high school on long-term entrepreneurial performance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 209-223.
    2. Karlan, Dean S. & Ratan, Aishwarya & Zinman, Jonathan, 2013. "Savings by and for the Poor: A Research Review and Agenda," Center Discussion Papers 153267, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
    3. Lars Ivar Oppedal Berge & Kjetil Bjorvatn & Bertil Tungodden, 2011. "Human and financial capital for microenterprise development: Evidence from a field and lab experiment," CMI Working Papers 1, CMI (Chr. Michelsen Institute), Bergen, Norway.

  36. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "Entrepreneurship Training, Risk Aversion and Other Personality Traits: Evidence from a Random Experiment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4v41h0mv, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Omonigho Simon Umukoro & David Efevogho Okurame, 2018. "Role of mentoring in career adaptability and ambiguity tolerance of potential Nigerian entrepreneurs: the moderating effect of age," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 8(1), pages 1-13, December.

  37. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "A community college instructor like me: Race and ethnicity interactions in the classroom," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt1pd995t5, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Oliver, Daniel & Fairlie, Robert & Millhauser, Glenn & Roland, Randa, 2021. "Minority student and teaching assistant interactions in STEM," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt46g2x44r, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    2. Papageorge, Nicholas W. & Gershenson, Seth & Kang, Kyungmin, 2016. "Teacher Expectations Matter," IZA Discussion Papers 10165, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Griffith, Amanda L. & Main, Joyce B., 2021. "The role of the teaching assistant: Female role models in the classroom," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    4. Delhommer, Scott, 2022. "High school role models and minority college achievement," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    5. Höckel, Lisa, 2019. "Speaking the same language - The effect of foreign origin teachers on students’ language skills," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy 203638, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    6. Kevin J. Mumford & Richard W. Patterson & Anthony Yim, 2024. "College Course Shutouts," CESifo Working Paper Series 11005, CESifo.
    7. Chris Birdsall & Seth Gershenson & Raymond Zuniga, 2020. "The Effects of Demographic Mismatch in an Elite Professional School Setting," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(3), pages 457-486, Summer.
    8. Marit Hinnosaar, 2015. "Gender Inequality in New Media: Evidence from Wikipedia," Carlo Alberto Notebooks 411, Collegio Carlo Alberto.
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    Cited by:

    1. Doyar, Bayram Veli & Rzali, Shamsi & Dikkaya, Mehmet, 2023. "Development of the ICT sector and the determinants of Internet use in the Southern Caucasus," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1).

  39. Fairlie, Robert W. & Robinson, Jonathan, 2013. "Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5759k24s, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Caldarulo, Mattia & Mossberger, Karen & Howell, Anthony, 2023. "Community-wide broadband adoption and student academic achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1).
    2. Richard Murphy & Felix Weinhardt & Gill Wyness, 2020. "Who Teaches the Teachers? A RCT of Peer-to-Peer Observation and Feedback in 181 Schools," CESifo Working Paper Series 8221, CESifo.
    3. Karthik Muralidharan & Abhijeet Singh & Alejandro J. Ganimian, 2019. "Disrupting Education? Experimental Evidence on Technology-Aided Instruction in India," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(4), pages 1426-1460, April.
    4. Julian Cristia & Pablo Ibarrarán & Santiago Cueto & Ana Santiago & Eugenio Severín, 2017. "Technology and Child Development: Evidence from the One Laptop per Child Program," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 295-320, July.
    5. Robert W. Fairlie & Samantha H. Grunberg, 2014. "Access To Technology And The Transfer Function Of Community Colleges: Evidence From A Field Experiment," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 52(3), pages 1040-1059, July.
    6. Peter Bergman, 2020. "Nudging Technology Use: Descriptive and Experimental Evidence from School Information Systems," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(4), pages 623-647, Fall.
    7. De Melo, Gioia & Machado, Alina & Miranda, Alfonso, 2014. "The Impact of a One Laptop per Child Program on Learning: Evidence from Uruguay," IZA Discussion Papers 8489, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Do Boys and Girls Use Computers Differently, and Does It Contribute to Why Boys doWorse in School than Girls?," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4n54q8xh, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    9. Benjamin Faber & Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & Felix Weinhardt, 2015. "ICT and Education: Evidence from Student Home Addresses," NBER Working Papers 21306, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Falck, Oliver & Mang, Constantin & Woessmann, Ludger, 2015. "Virtually No Effect? Different Uses of Classroom Computers and their Effect on Student Achievement," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 223, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    11. Lisa J. Dettling & Sarena Goodman & Jonathan Smith, 2015. "Every Little Bit Counts: The Impact of High-speed Internet on the Transition to College," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2015-108, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    12. Chong, Alberto & Gonzalez-Navarro, Marco & Karlan, Dean & Valdivia, Martín, 2019. "Do Information Technologies Improve Teenagers’ Sexual Education? Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Colombia," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series qt6th641vg, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley.
    13. Henriksen, Alexandre Lauri & Zoghbi, Ana Carolina & Tannuri-Pianto, Maria & Terra, Rafael, 2022. "Education outcomes of broadband expansion in Brazilian municipalities," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    14. Figlio, David & Karbownik, Krzysztof & Salvanes, Kjell G., 2015. "Education Research and Administrative Data," Discussion Paper Series in Economics 24/2015, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics.
    15. Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & José Montalbán & Felix Weinhardt, 2021. "Home Broadband and Human Capital Formation," CESifo Working Paper Series 8846, CESifo.
    16. Alejandro J. Ganimian & Richard J. Murnane, 2014. "Improving Educational Outcomes in Developing Countries: Lessons from Rigorous Impact Evaluations," NBER Working Papers 20284, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. So Yoon Ahn & Youjin Hahn & Semee Yoon, 2021. "Can New Learning Opportunities Reshape Gender Attitudes for Girls?: Field Evidence from Tanzania," Working Papers 2021-046, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    18. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Peters, Jörg & Langbein, Jörg & Roberts, Gareth, 2015. "Policy evaluation, randomized controlled trials, and external validity: A systematic review," Ruhr Economic Papers 589, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    20. Ma, Yue & Fairlie, Robert & Loyalka, Prashant & Rozelle, Scott, 2024. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer-Assisted Learning in China," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt99m4r92g, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    21. Ganguli, Ina & Haidar, Jamal & Khwaja, Asim Ijaz & Stemper, Samuel & Zafar, Basit, 2024. "Economic shocks and skill acquisition: evidence from a national online learning platform at the onset of COVID-19," MPRA Paper 121273, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Robert W. Fairlie & Peter Riley Bahr, 2018. "The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Field Experiment and California UI Earnings Records," NBER Working Papers 24276, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    23. Fernando Barrios Aguirre & Diego A. Forero & Martha Patricia Castellanos Saavedra & Sandra Yaneth Mora Malagón, 2021. "The Impact of Computer and Internet at Home on Academic Results of the Saber 11 National Exam in Colombia," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    24. Ha Trong Nguyen & Huong Thu Le & Luke B Connelly, 2018. "Rain, Rain, Go Away: Weather and children’s time allocation," Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre Working Paper series WP1801, Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School.
    25. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers: The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 450, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    26. Derksen, Laura & Michaud-Leclerc, Catherine & Souza, Pedro C.L., 2022. "Restricted access: How the internet can be used to promote reading and learning," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    27. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth, 2015. ""A Flop or a Success?" An Evaluation of the Welfare Impacts of the 6-3-3-4 Education System in Nigeria," IZA Discussion Papers 9131, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    28. Naik, Gopal & Chitre, Chetan & Bhalla, Manaswini & Rajan, Jothsna, 2020. "Impact of use of technology on student learning outcomes: Evidence from a large-scale experiment in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    29. Roland G. Fryer, Jr, 2016. "The Production of Human Capital in Developed Countries: Evidence from 196 Randomized Field Experiments," NBER Working Papers 22130, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    30. Nicola Bianchi & Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2020. "The Effect of Computer-Assisted Learning on Students' Long-Term Development," NBER Working Papers 28180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    31. Djinovic, Vladana & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas, 2022. "Home computer ownership and educational outcomes of adolescents in Greece," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1143, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    32. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers : The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1236, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    33. Robert W. Fairlie & Ariel Kalil, 2016. "The Effects of Computers on Children’s Social Development and School Participation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment," NBER Working Papers 22907, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    34. Ofer Malamud, 2019. "The Effect of Home Computers and the Internet on Children’s Human Capital Development," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(02), pages 34-40, August.
    35. Patricia Dinis Mota da Costa & Luisa De Sousa Lobo Borges de Araujo, 2016. "Digital Reading in PISA 2012 and ICT Uses: How do VET and General Education Students Perform?," JRC Research Reports JRC104713, Joint Research Centre.
    36. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    37. Grimes, Arthur & Townsend, Wilbur, 2018. "Effects of (ultra-fast) fibre broadband on student achievement," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 8-15.
    38. Gallego, Francisco A. & Malamud, Ofer & Pop-Eleches, Cristian, 2020. "Parental monitoring and children's internet use: The role of information, control, and cues," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    39. Prashant Poddar & Valentina Rotondi & Ridhi Kashyap, 2025. "Access to technology and foundational math proficiency among students: empirical evidence from India," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, December.
    40. Simona, Comi & Marco, Gui & Federica, Origo & Laura, Pagani & Gianluca, Argentin, 2016. "Is it the way they use it? Teachers, ICT and student achievement," Working Papers 341, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised 10 Jun 2016.
    41. Kessel, Dany & Lif Hardardottir, Hulda & Tyrefors, Björn, 2019. "The Impact of Banning Mobile Phones in Swedish Secondary Schools," Working Paper Series 1288, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 11 Feb 2020.
    42. Louis-Philippe Beland & Richard Murphy, 2015. "Ill Communication: Technology, Distraction & Student Performance," CEP Discussion Papers dp1350, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    43. Peter Leopold S. Bergman, 2016. "Technology Adoption in Education: Usage, Spillovers and Student Achievement," CESifo Working Paper Series 6101, CESifo.
    44. Patterson, Richard W. & Patterson, Robert M., 2017. "Computers and productivity: Evidence from laptop use in the college classroom," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 66-79.
    45. Campbell, Richard Cole, 2024. "Need for speed: Fiber and student achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(6).
    46. Checchi, Daniele & Rettore, Enrico & Girardi, Silvia, 2015. "IC Technology and Learning: An Impact Evaluation of Cl@ssi2.0," IZA Discussion Papers 8986, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    47. Ofer Malamud & Santiago Cueto & Julian Cristia & Diether W. Beuermann, 2018. "Do Children Benefit from Internet Access? Experimental Evidence from Peru," NBER Working Papers 25312, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    48. Denis Fougère & Ghazala Azmat & Alexis Lermite & Clémence Lobut, 2022. "L’impact du numérique sur les apprentissages des élèves : évaluation d’une politique d’équipement à grande échelle. Ensemble des résultats au cycle 4," SciencePo Working papers Main halshs-03915750, HAL.
    49. Nerea Gómez-Fernández & Mauro Mediavilla, 2018. "Do information and communication technologies (ICT) improve educational outcomes? Evidence for Spain in PISA 2015," Working Papers 2018/20, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    50. Constantin Mang, 2016. "Market Consequences of ICT Innovations," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 70.
    51. Hong, Junjie & Liu, Wanlin & Zhang, Qing, 2024. "Closing the digital divide: The impact of teachers’ ICT use on student achievement in China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(3), pages 697-713.
    52. Yue Ma & Robert W. Fairlie & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China," NBER Working Papers 26953, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    53. Agasisti, Tommaso & Gil-Izquierdo, María & Han, Seong Won, 2017. "ICT use at home for school-related tasks: what is the effect on a student’s achievement? Empirical evidence from OECD PISA data," MPRA Paper 81343, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    54. Cambini, Carlo & Sabatino, Lorien & Zaccagni, Sarah, 2024. "The faster the better? Advanced internet access and student performance," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(8).
    55. Díaz, Carlos & Dodel, Matías & Menese, Pablo, 2022. "Can one laptop per child reduce digital inequalities? ICT household access patterns under Plan Ceibal," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(9).
    56. Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2020. "The effect of educational technology on college students’ labor market performance," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 33(3), pages 1101-1126, July.
    57. Diether W. Beuermann & Julian Cristia & Santiago Cueto & Ofer Malamud & Yyannu Cruz-Aguayo, 2015. "One Laptop per Child at Home: Short-Term Impacts from a Randomized Experiment in Peru," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 53-80, April.
    58. Amer-Mestre, Josep & Ayarza-Astigarraga, Alaitz & Lopes, Marta C, 2021. "E-Learning Engagement Gap during School Closures: Differences by Academic Performance," IZA Discussion Papers 14904, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    59. Carlo Cambini & Lorien Sabatino & Sarah Zaccagni, 2021. "The Faster the Better? The Effect of Ultra-Fast Broadband on Students’ Performance," CEBI working paper series 21-14, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI).
    60. Nguyen, Ha Trong & Le, Huong Thu & Connelly, Luke B., 2019. "Weather and children’s time allocation," MPRA Paper 94442, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    61. Luca Bonacini & Marina Murat, 2023. "Beyond the Covid-19 pandemic: remote learning and education inequalities," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 50(1), pages 207-236, February.
    62. Gómez-Fernández, Nerea & Mediavilla, Mauro, 2021. "Exploring the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and academic performance: A multilevel analysis for Spain," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    63. Mauricio Romero & Juan Bedoya & Monica Yanez‐Pagans & Marcela Silveyra & Rafael de Hoyos, 2024. "The effect of school grants on test scores: experimental evidence from Mexico," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 91(363), pages 980-995, July.
    64. Sönke Ehret & Sara M. Constantino & Elke U. Weber & Charles Efferson & Sonja Vogt, 2022. "Group identities can undermine social tipping after intervention," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(12), pages 1669-1679, December.
    65. Ponnusamy, Sundar & Trinh, Trong-Anh, 2025. "The impact of mobile internet on student cognitive performance during COVID: Evidence from Pakistan," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    66. Fang Dong & Maria Cornachione Kula, 2025. "Using Digital Devices for Fun: What are the Impacts on Academic Outcomes?," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 53(1), pages 73-104, June.
    67. Algan, Yann & Fortin, Nicole M., 2016. "Computer Gaming and Test Scores: Cross-Country Gender Differences among Teenagers," IZA Discussion Papers 10433, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    68. Joana Cardim & Teresa Molina-Mill n & Pedro C. Vicente, 2021. "Can technology improve the classroom experience in primary education? An African experiment on a worldwide program," NOVAFRICA Working Paper Series wp2101, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Nova School of Business and Economics, NOVAFRICA.

  40. Robert W. Fairlie & Aaron K. Chatterji, 2013. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley," CESifo Working Paper Series 4493, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Robert-Nicoud, Frédéric & Kerr, William, 2019. "Tech Clusters," CEPR Discussion Papers 14143, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Jolanda Hessels & Peter van der Zwan & Mark Sanders, 2013. "Entrepreneurial activity, industry orientation, and economic growth," Scales Research Reports H201307, EIM Business and Policy Research.
    3. Robert Fairlie & David T. Robinson, 2023. "Racial Differences in Access to Capital for Innovative Start-Ups," Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(1), pages 149-166.
    4. Nigam, Nirjhar & Benetti, Cristiane & Johan, Sofia A., 2020. "Digital start-up access to venture capital financing: What signals quality?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    5. Sorenson, Olav & Kwon, Doris, 2019. "The Silicon Valley Syndrome," SocArXiv zug2s, Center for Open Science.
    6. Sotirakopoulos, Panagiotis & Mount, Matthew P. & Guven, Cahit & Ulker, Aydogan & Graham, Carol, 2023. "A tale of two life stages: The imprinting effect of macroeconomic contractions on later life entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 38(4).
    7. Chakraborty, Imon & Ilavarasan, P. Vigneswara & Edirippulige, Sisira, 2021. "Health-tech startups in healthcare service delivery: A scoping review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    8. Fairlie, Robert, 2020. "The impact of COVID‐19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social‐distancing restrictions," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt1n60b6p6, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

  41. Chatterji, Aaron K & Chay, Kenneth Y & Fairlie, Robert W, 2013. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt479755b2, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Sameera Fazili, 2019. "Anchor Institution Strategies in the Southeast: Working with Hospitals and Universities to Support Inclusive Growth," FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper 2019-2, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    2. Aaron K. Chatterji & Kenneth Y. Chay & Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," CESifo Working Paper Series 4182, CESifo.
    3. Aaron Chatterji & Edward Glaeser & William Kerr, 2013. "Clusters of Entrepreneurship and Innovation," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 14, pages 129-166, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Mirjam Strupler Leiser & Stefan C. Wolter, 2017. "Empirical Evidence on the Effectiveness of Social Public Procurement Policy: The Case of the Swiss Apprenticeship Training System," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 31(2), pages 204-222, June.
    5. Sameera Fazili, 2019. "Anchor Institution Strategies in the Southeast: Working with Hospitals and Universities to Support Inclusive Growth," FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper 2019-02, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.

  42. Robert W. Fairlie & Harry A. Krashinsky & Julie Zissimopoulos & Krishna B. Kumar, 2013. "Indian Entrepreneurial Success in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom," CESifo Working Paper Series 4510, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Marianna Brunetti & Anzelika Zaiceva, 2025. "Is Self-Employment for Migrants? Evidence from Italy," Working Papers - Economics wp2025_06.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    2. Mengdie Ruan & Angathevar Baskaran & Shanshan Zhou, 2022. "Mainland Chinese Immigrant-owned SMEs in Malaysia: Case Studies," Millennial Asia, , vol. 13(1), pages 5-34, April.
    3. Fairlie, Robert W. & Lofstrom, Magnus, 2013. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 7669, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Max Nathan, 2014. "The wider economic impacts of high-skilled migrants: a survey of the literature for receiving countries," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-20, December.
    5. Nathan, Max, 2011. "Ethnic inventors, diversity and innovation in the UK: evidence from patents microdata," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 58329, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    6. Chengguang Li & Rodrigo Isidor & Luis Alfonso Dau & Rudy Kabst, 2018. "The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 42(5), pages 698-733, September.
    7. Dr Max Nathan, 2013. "The wider economic impacts of high-skilled migrants: a survey of the literature," National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR) Discussion Papers 413, National Institute of Economic and Social Research.
    8. Nabamita Dutta & Saibal Kar & Russell S. Sobel, 2021. "What influences entrepreneurship among skilled immigrants in the USA? Evidence from micro-data," Business Economics, Palgrave Macmillan;National Association for Business Economics, vol. 56(3), pages 146-154, July.
    9. Nathan, Max, 2013. "The Wider Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Migrants: A Survey of the Literature," IZA Discussion Papers 7653, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

  43. Fairlie, Robert W. & Krashinsky, Harry A., 2011. "Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship Revisited," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6hv0m2q6, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Joanna Tyrowicz & Magdalena Smyk & Barbara Liberda, 2017. "Talent workers as entrepreneurs: a new approach to aspirational self-employment," GRAPE Working Papers 7, GRAPE Group for Research in Applied Economics.
    2. Robert W. Fairlie & Javier Miranda, 2017. "Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring Their First Employee," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(1), pages 3-34, February.
    3. Bracke, Philippe & Hilber, Christian A. L. & Silva, Olmo, 2018. "Mortgage debt and entrepreneurship," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 84703, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Jean Bonnet & Sylvie Cieply & Marcus Dejardin, 2016. "Credit rationing or overlending? An exploration into financing imperfection," Post-Print halshs-01373017, HAL.
    5. Andrew T. Young & Matthew J. Higgins & Donald J. Lacombe & Briana Sell, 2014. "The Direct and Indirect Effects of Small Business Administration Lending on Growth: Evidence from U.S. County-Level Data," Working Papers 14-35, Department of Economics, West Virginia University.
    6. Ghimire Keshar M., 2021. "Supply of immigrant entrepreneurs and native entrepreneurship," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 12(1), pages 1-42, January.
    7. Adil Outla & Moustapha Hamzaoui, 2021. "Individual Determinants of Self-employment Entry in Social and Conventional Entrepreneurship: Are co-operatives different? [Déterminants individuels de l'accès au travail indépendant dans le cadre ," Working Papers hal-03271694, HAL.
    8. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    9. Sheng Guo, 2021. "What Did Homeowners Do with Home Equity Borrowing? Contemporaneous and Long-term Effects," Working Papers 2122, Florida International University, Department of Economics.
    10. Rubinstein, Yona & Levine, Ross, 2020. "Selection Into Entrepreneurship And Self-Employment," CEPR Discussion Papers 15143, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    11. Robert W. Fairlie & Aaron K. Chatterji, 2013. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley," CESifo Working Paper Series 4493, CESifo.
    12. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 207-231, June.
    13. Bracke, Philippe & Hilber, Christian A. L. & Silva, Olmo, 2012. "Homeownerhip and entrepreneurship," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 58436, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    14. Jason Brown, 2017. "Response of Consumer Debt to Income Shocks: The Case of Energy Booms and Busts," Research Working Paper RWP 17-05, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, revised 02 Mar 2018.
    15. Simoes, Nadia & Moreira, Sandrina B. & Crespo, Nuno, 2013. "Individual Determinants of Self-Employment Entry – What Do We Really Know?," MPRA Paper 48403, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Jason Brown & Timothy Fitzgerald & Jeremy G. Weber, 2016. "Asset Ownership, Windfalls, and Income: Evidence from Oil and Gas Royalties," Research Working Paper RWP 16-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
    17. Roxana Gutiérrez-Romero & Luciana Méndez-Errico, 2017. "Does Inequality Foster or Hinder the Growth of Entrepreneurship in the Long Run?," Research on Economic Inequality, in: Research on Economic Inequality, volume 25, pages 299-341, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    18. Fabian T. Pfeffer & Martin Hällsten, 2012. "Mobility Regimes and Parental Wealth: The United States, Germany, and Sweden in Comparison," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 500, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    19. Manuel Adelino & Antoinette Schoar & Felipe Severino, 2013. "House Prices, Collateral and Self-Employment," NBER Working Papers 18868, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Mario Alloza, 2016. "The Impact of Taxes on Income Mobility," Discussion Papers 1632, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    21. Waitkus, Nora & Minkus, Lara, 2021. "Investigating the gender wealth gap across occupational classes," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 108206, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    22. Philippe Bracke & Christian Hilber & Olmo Silva, 2014. "Homeownership and Entrepreneurship: The Role of Mortgage Debt and Commitment," CESifo Working Paper Series 5048, CESifo.
    23. Gordon, Roger H & Sarada,, 2017. "How Should Taxes Be Designed to Encourage Entrepreneurship?," University of California at San Diego, Economics Working Paper Series qt86z3h4n4, Department of Economics, UC San Diego.
    24. Beckhusen, Julia, 2014. "Employment Transitions among the self-employed during the Great Recession," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 170114, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    25. Weber, Jeremy G. & Key, Nigel D., 2013. "Does proprietor wealth influence small business decisions? Land appreciation and farm business borrowing, land ownership, and output," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150408, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    26. Sewin Chan & Andrew F. Haughwout & Joseph Tracy, 2015. "How mortgage finance affects the urban landscape," Staff Reports 713, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    27. Bracke, Philippe & Hilber, Christian & Silva, Olmo, 2013. "Homeownership and Entrepreneurship: The Role of Commitment and Mortgage Debt," IZA Discussion Papers 7417, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    28. Polbin, Andrey & Shumilov, Andrei, 2020. "Предпринимательство, Накопление Богатства И Ограничения Заимствования: Обзор Зарубежных Исследований [Entrepreneurship, wealth accumulation and borrowing constraints: Foreign research experience]," MPRA Paper 103675, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    29. Dmitriy Sergeyev & Neil Mehrotra, 2015. "Financial Shocks and Job Flows," 2015 Meeting Papers 520, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    30. Jean Bonnet & Sylvie Cieply & Marcus Dejardin, 2013. "Credit rationing or overlending:Who is right ?," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes & University of Caen) 201309, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes, University of Caen and CNRS.
    31. Antonio Lecuna, 2014. "High income inequality as a structural factor in entrepreneurial activity," Past Working Papers xx, Universidad del Desarrollo, School of Business and Economics, revised Dec 2014.
    32. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2008. "Race and Entrepreneurial Success: Black-, Asian-, and White-Owned Businesses in the United States," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 026206281x, December.
    33. Yuri Ostrovsky & Garnett Picot & Danny Leung, 2019. "The financing of immigrant-owned firms in Canada," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 303-317, January.
    34. Nicolás Ajzenman & Cevat Giray Aksoy & Sergei Guriev, 2020. "Exposure to Transit Migration, Public Attitudes and Entrepreneurship," Department of Economics Working Papers wp_gob_2020_02, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
    35. Robert M. Feinberg & Daniel Kuehn, 2020. "Does a Guaranteed Basic Income Encourage Entrepreneurship? Evidence from Alaska," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 57(3), pages 607-626, November.
    36. Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio & Molina, José Alberto & Velilla, Jorge, 2020. "Short- vs Long-Term Intergenerational Correlations of Employment and Self-Employment in Europe," IZA Discussion Papers 12933, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

  44. Fairlie, Rob, 2011. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley1," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt655088zg, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Jolanda Hessels & Peter van der Zwan & Mark Sanders, 2013. "Entrepreneurial activity, industry orientation, and economic growth," Scales Research Reports H201307, EIM Business and Policy Research.

  45. Robert Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2011. "The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes. Evidence from a Field Experiment with Schoolchildren," Working Papers 11-14, NET Institute, revised Sep 2011.

    Cited by:

    1. Checchi, Daniele & Rettore, Enrico & Girardi, Silvia, 2015. "IC Technology and Learning: An Impact Evaluation of Cl@ssi2.0," IZA Discussion Papers 8986, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Robert W. Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2013. "Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren," CESifo Working Paper Series 4128, CESifo.

  46. Fairlie, Rob, 2011. "Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0x3809sf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Francine Lafontaine & Kathryn Shaw, 2016. "Serial Entrepreneurship: Learning by Doing?," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 34(S2), pages 217-254.
    2. Gustavo Morales-Alonso & Iciar Pablo-Lerchundi & Ana M. Vargas-Perez, 2016. "An Empirical Study on the Antecedents of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship," International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management (IJITM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(05), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Leković Božidar & Marić Slobodan, 2016. "Economic Crisis and the Nature of Entrepreneurial and Management Activities," Economic Themes, Sciendo, vol. 54(1), pages 21-44, March.
    4. Klapper, Leora & Love, Inessa & Randall, Douglas, 2014. "New firm registration and the business cycle," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6775, The World Bank.
    5. Halicioglu, Ferda & Yolac, Sema, 2015. "Testing the impact of unemployment on self-employment: empirical evidence from OECD countries," MPRA Paper 65026, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Gohmann, Stephan F. & Fernandez, Jose M., 2014. "Proprietorship and unemployment in the United States," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 289-309.
    7. Khanh Hung DOAN, 2021. "The Role Of The Vietnamese Education System In Starting A Business," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 30(2), pages 77-88, December.
    8. Lyons Thomas S. & Alter Theodore R. & Audretsch David & Augustine Darline, 2012. "Entrepreneurship and Community: The Next Frontier of Entrepreneurship Inquiry," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 2(1), pages 1-26, January.
    9. Wolters, Dominic, "undated". "An Analysis of the Impact of Income Tax Changes on the Rate of Business Creation in the United States, 1992-2018," Undergraduate Research Papers 337404, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.

  47. Fairlie, Robert W. & Kapur, Kanika & Gates, Susan, 2010. "Is Employer-Based Health Insurance a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?," IZA Discussion Papers 5203, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Robert W. Fairlie & Kanika Kapur & Susan M. Gates, 2012. "Job lock : evidence from a regression discontinuity design," Working Papers 201215, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    2. Sayeh S. Nikpay, 2020. "Entrepreneurship And Job Lock: The Interaction Between Tax Subsidies And Health Insurance Regulations," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 38(1), pages 30-47, January.
    3. Frank M. Fossen & Mobarak Hossain & Sankar Mukhopadhyay & Peter Toth, 2025. "The cost of health insurance and entry into entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 383-405, February.
    4. Fossen, Frank M. & König, Johannes, 2015. "Public Health Insurance and Entry into Self-Employment," IZA Discussion Papers 8816, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Farooq, Ammar & Kugler, Adriana, 2016. "Beyond Job Lock: Impacts of Public Health Insurance on Occupational and Industrial Mobility," IZA Discussion Papers 9832, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Ghimire Keshar M., 2021. "Supply of immigrant entrepreneurs and native entrepreneurship," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 12(1), pages 1-42, January.
    7. Laura Dague & Thomas DeLeire & Lindsey Leininger, 2014. "The Effect of Public Insurance Coverage for Childless Adults on Labor Supply," Upjohn Working Papers 14-213, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    8. Gaillard, Alexandre & Kankanamge, Sumudu, 2018. "Entrepreneurship, Labor Market Mobility and the Role of Entrepreneurial Insurance," TSE Working Papers 18-929, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), revised Jan 2019.
    9. James Bailey, 2017. "Health insurance and the supply of entrepreneurs: new evidence from the affordable care act," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 627-646, October.
    10. Zoltan Acs & Thomas Astebro & David Audretsch & David Robinson, 2016. "Public Policy to Promote Entrepreneurship: A Call to Arms," Working Papers hal-01993414, HAL.
    11. Emma Aguila & Raquel Fonseca, 2024. "How do Basic Income for Elderly Affect Health of Self-Employed?," Cahiers de recherche / Working Papers 2403, Chaire de recherche sur les enjeux économiques intergénérationnels / Research Chair in Intergenerational Economics.
    12. Robert F. Salvino, 2014. "Bureaucracy and business: how healthcare policy guides the invisible hand," Chapters, in: Robert F. Salvino Jr. & Michael T. Tasto & Gregory M. Randolph (ed.), Entrepreneurial Action, Public Policy, and Economic Outcomes, chapter 8, pages 134-150, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    13. Liu, Lulu & Zhang, Yuting, 2018. "Does non-employment based health insurance promote entrepreneurship? Evidence from a policy experiment in China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 270-283.
    14. Barış K. Yörük & Linna Xu, 2019. "Impact of the ACA’s Dependent Coverage Mandate on Health Insurance and Labor Market Outcomes Among Young Adults: Evidence from Regression Discontinuity Design," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 45(1), pages 58-86, January.
    15. David Candon, 2015. "The Effect of Cancer on the Employment of Older Males: Attenuating Selection Bias using a High Risk Sample," Working Papers 201507, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    16. Rietveld, Cornelius A. & Bailey, Henry & Hessels, Jolanda & van der Zwan, Peter, 2016. "Health and entrepreneurship in four Caribbean Basin countries," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 84-89.
    17. Bradley T. Heim & Ithai Z. Lurie, 2015. "The Impact of Health Reform on Job Mobility: Evidence from Massachusetts," American Journal of Health Economics, MIT Press, vol. 1(3), pages 374-398, Summer.
    18. Debdeep Chattopadhyay, 2023. "Did the Massachusetts Health Reform Program increase self-employment?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1309-1344, September.
    19. Andrés Hincapié, 2020. "Entrepreneurship Over The Life Cycle: Where Are The Young Entrepreneurs?," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 61(2), pages 617-681, May.
    20. Joelle Abramowitz & Andrew Joung, 2025. "Understanding Self-Employment Trajectories over the Life Course in the United States," NBER Chapters, in: The Changing Nature of Work, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    21. Zhigang Feng & Anne Villamil, 2022. "Funding employer-based insurance: regressive taxation and premium exclusions," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 73(2), pages 509-540, April.
    22. Gulcin Gumus & Tracy Regan, 2007. "Self-Employment and the Role of Health Insurance," Working Papers 0910, University of Miami, Department of Economics.
    23. Gumus, Gulcin & Regan, Tracy L., 2015. "Self-employment and the role of health insurance in the U.S," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 357-374.
    24. Silvia Helena Barcellos & Mireille Jacobson, 2015. "The Effects of Medicare on Medical Expenditure Risk and Financial Strain," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 7(4), pages 41-70, November.
    25. Kankanamge, Sumudu & Gaillard, Alexandre, 2020. "Buying and Selling Entrepreneurial Assets," TSE Working Papers 20-1078, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    26. Jun Yeong Lee & John V. Winters, 2022. "State Medicaid Expansion and the Self-Employed," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 925-954, October.
    27. Hossain, Md. Mobarak, 2021. "Relationship Between Health Insurance and Self-employment: A Systematic Review," MPRA Paper 105634, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    28. Bradley Heim, 2015. "Understanding the decline in self-employment among individuals nearing retirement," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 561-580, October.
    29. Craig Garthwaite & John Graves & Tal Gross & Zeynal Karaca & Victoria Marone & Matthew J. Notowidigdo, 2019. "All Medicaid Expansions Are Not Created Equal: The Geography and Targeting of the Affordable Care Act," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 50(2 (Fall)), pages 1-92.
    30. Lim, Katherine & Michelmore, Katherine, 2018. "The EITC and self-employment among married mothers," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 98-115.
    31. Maame Afua Boatemaa & Kwaku Oppong Asante & Collins Badu Agyemang, 2019. "The Moderating Role of Psychological Flexibility in the Relationship Between Organizational Commitment, Workaholism, Job Security, and Corporate Entrepreneurship Among Information Technology Workers i," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, August.
    32. Baozhong Su & Gatwaza Hategekimana Thierry & Qihui Chen & Qiran Zhao, 2017. "The New Cooperative Medical Scheme and Self-Employment in Rural China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-10, February.
    33. Ding, Haoyuan & Dong, Wenjuan & Qin, Cong, 2025. "Does migrant working experience stimulate returnees’ entrepreneurship: Evidence from rural China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    34. Jiayi Bao, 2022. "Social safety nets and new venture performance: The role of employee access to paid family leave benefits," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(12), pages 2545-2576, December.
    35. Frank M. Fossen & Johannes König, 2017. "Public health insurance, individual health, and entry into self-employment," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 647-669, October.
    36. Le, Nga & Groot, Wim & Tomini, Sonila M. & Tomini, Florian, 2019. "Health insurance and self-employment transitions in Vietnam," MERIT Working Papers 2019-008, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    37. Cal J Halvorsen & Yu-Chih Chen, 2019. "The diversity of interest in later-life entrepreneurship: Results from a nationally representative survey of Americans aged 50 to 70," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, June.
    38. Kwapisz, Agnieszka, 2020. "Health insurance coverage and sources of advice in entrepreneurship: Gender differences," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    39. Jiayi Bao, 2024. "Gender gap in STEM entrepreneurship: Effects of the Affordable Care Act reform," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(8), pages 1567-1596, August.
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    1. Karolien Lenaerts & Miroslav Beblavý & Brian Fabo, 2016. "Prospects for utilisation of non-vacancy Internet data in labour market analysis—an overview," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Fabo, B., 2017. "Towards an understanding of job matching using web data," Other publications TiSEM b8b877f2-ae6a-495f-b6cc-9, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    3. Tolga Cebeci, 2015. "Performance of Female Employers in Turkey," World Bank Publications - Reports 25411, The World Bank Group.
    4. Goetz, Stephan J. & Partridge, Mark D. & Deller, Steven C. & Fleming, David A., 2010. "Evaluating U.S. Rural Entrepreneurship Policy," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 40(01), pages 1-14.
    5. Randall Akee & Elton Mykerezi & Richard M. Todd, 2017. "Reservation Employer Establishments: Data from the U.S. Census Longitudinal Business Database," Working Papers 17-57, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    6. Ian Blount & Mingxiang Li, 2021. "How Buyers' Attitudes Toward Supplier Diversity Affect Their Expenditures with Ethnic Minority Businesses," Journal of Supply Chain Management, Institute for Supply Management, vol. 57(3), pages 3-24, July.

  49. Fairlie, Robert & Robb, Alicia M., 2009. "Gender Differences in Business Performance: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners Survey," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt8rv5w116, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

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    1. Susan Coleman & Alicia M. Robb, 2011. "Financing Strategies of New Technology-based Firms," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 1, pages 01-18, August.
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    4. Diego A. B. Marconatto & Gaspar A. Peixoto & Emidio G. Teixeira & Adelar Fochezatto, 2022. "Women on the Front Line: The Growth of SMEs during Crises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Tessa Conroy & Sarah A. Low, 2022. "Opportunity, necessity, and no one in the middle: A closer look at small, rural, and female‐led entrepreneurship in the United States," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(1), pages 162-196, March.
    6. Douwere Grekou & Jenny Watt & Horatio M. Morgan, 2023. "Gender productivity gap: does gender-equal ownership compensate for female entrepreneurs’ lack of prior industry experience?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1543-1571, April.
    7. Monica Fisher & Paul A. Lewin & Ryanne Pilgeram, 2022. "Farmworkers and the gender wage gap: An empirical analysis of wage inequality in US agriculture," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(4), pages 2145-2163, December.
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    10. Torres,Jesica & Maduko,Franklin Okechukwu & Gaddis,Isis & Iacovone,Leonardo & Beegle,Kathleen G., 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women-Led Businesses," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9817, The World Bank.
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    203. Pekkala Kerr, Sari & Kerr, William, 2020. "Immigrant entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the survey of business owners 2007 & 2012," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(3).
    204. Paglia, John K. & Harjoto, Maretno A., 2014. "The effects of private equity and venture capital on sales and employment growth in small and medium-sized businesses," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 177-197.
    205. Nelli S. Gazanchyan & Nigar Hashimzade & Yulia Rodionova & Natalia Vershinina, 2017. "Gender, Access to Finance, Occupational Choice, and Business Performance," CESifo Working Paper Series 6353, CESifo.
    206. Sharon Poczter & Melanie Shapsis, 2018. "Gender disparity in angel financing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(1), pages 31-55, June.
    207. Pengpeng Yue & Aslihan Gizem Korkmaz & Zhichao Yin & Haigang Zhou, 2021. "Household-owned Businesses’ Vulnerability to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(6), pages 1662-1674, May.
    208. Deepika Dixit & Anubha Shekhar Sinha, 2020. "How Institutions Influence Women Entrepreneurship?," Working papers 351, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode.
    209. Christopher J. Boudreaux & Steven W. Bradley & Anand Jha & Joao F. Mazzoni, 2025. "You are only as strong as your weakest link: Founder and community social capital and start-up survival," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(4), pages 2133-2152, April.
    210. Joseph Farhat & Naranchimeg Mijid, 2018. "Do women lag behind men? A matched-sample analysis of the dynamics of gender gaps," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 42(4), pages 682-709, October.
    211. Manocha, Parul & Hunt, Richard A. & Stallkamp, Maximilian & Townsend, David M., 2024. "A tale of two impacts: Entrepreneurial action and the gender-related effects of economic policy uncertainty," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    212. Tessa Conroy & Sarah A. Low, 2022. "Entrepreneurship, Broadband, and Gender: Evidence from Establishment Births in Rural America," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 45(1), pages 3-35, January.
    213. Sharon A. Simmons & Johan Wiklund & Jonathan Levie & Steve W. Bradley & Sanwar A. Sunny, 2019. "Gender gaps and reentry into entrepreneurial ecosystems after business failure," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 53(2), pages 517-531, August.
    214. Kate Rybczynski, 2015. "What Drives Self-Employment Survival for Women and Men? Evidence from Canada," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 36(1), pages 27-43, March.
    215. Brajaballav Kar & Yimer Ayalew Ahmed, 2021. "Quit or continue? The influence of demography, challenges and performance," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 11(1), pages 83-95, December.
    216. Jelena Erić Nielsen & Veljko Marinković & Jelena Nikolić, 2019. "A Strategic Approach To Organisational Entrepreneurship: Employees’ Awareness Of Entrepreneurial Strategy," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, vol. 64(222), pages 117-146, July – Se.
    217. Linda Scott & Catherine Dolan & Mary Johnstone–Louis & Kimberly Sugden & Maryalice Wu, 2012. "Enterprise and Inequality: A Study of Avon in South Africa," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(3), pages 543-568, May.
    218. Caliendo, Marco & Kritikos, Alexander S. & Künn, Steffen & Loersch, Christian & Schröder, Helmut & Schütz, Holger, 2014. "Evaluation der Programme „Gründercoaching Deutschland“ und „Gründercoaching Deutschland – Gründungen aus der Arbeitslosigkeit“," IZA Research Reports 61, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    219. Christopher J. Boudreaux, 2020. "The Importance of Industry to Strategic Entrepreneurship: Evidence from the Kauffman Firm Survey," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 93-114, March.
    220. Alfonso Expósito & Amparo Sanchis-Llopis & Juan A. Sanchis-Llopis, 2021. "The effect of the manager gender on SMEs export and import decisions: Evidence for Spain," Working Papers 2115, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    221. Tommelein, Iris D. PhD & Gazzaniga, Tyler, 2022. "Small and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (SB/DBE) Issues in Caltrans Contract and Bid Process," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt28q732xz, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    222. Carlianne Patrick & Heather Stephens & Amanda Weinstein, 2016. "Where are all the self-employed women? Push and pull factors influencing female labor market decisions," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 365-390, March.
    223. Bhabesh Hazarika, 2020. "Gender income gap in rural informal micro-enterprises: an unconditional quantile decomposition approach in the handloom industry," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(3), pages 441-473, September.
    224. Izumi, Yutaro & Shigeoka, Hitoshi & Yagasaki, Masayuki, 2024. "Golfing CEOs," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    225. David A. Matsa & Amalia R. Miller, 2014. "Workforce Reductions at Women-Owned Businesses in the United States," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 67(2), pages 422-452, April.
    226. Joram Ng’ang’a Nyambura, 2014. "An Analysis of Entrepreneurship Aspects of Current Training Programs Conducted on Practicing Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs): A Case Study of Roysambu," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 4(10), pages 210-223, October.
    227. Sandhya Garg & Samarth Gupta & Sushanta Mallick, 2025. "Financial Access and Entrepreneurship by Gender: Evidence from Rural India," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 729-754, February.
    228. Kim, Sahrok & Praveen Parboteeah, K. & Cullen, John B. & Jeong, Nara, 2022. "Social institutions approach to women’s firm ownership and firm bribery activity: A study of small-sized firms in emerging markets," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 1333-1349.
    229. Maria Bastida & Ana Olveira & Miguel Ángel Vázquez Taín, 2023. "Are cooperatives gender sensitive? A confirmatory and predictive analysis of women's collective entrepreneurship," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 94(4), pages 1035-1059, December.
    230. Saridakis, George & Marlow, Susan & Storey, David J., 2014. "Do different factors explain male and female self-employment rates?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 345-362.
    231. Alonso-Almeida, María del Mar, 2013. "Influence of gender and financing on tourist company growth," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(5), pages 621-631.
    232. Maryia Akulava & Maribel Guerrero, 2023. "Entrepreneurial gendered ambidexterity in Belarusian SMEs," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 48(6), pages 1919-1944, December.
    233. Espasandín-Bustelo, Francisco & Rufino-Rus, José Ignacio & Rodríguez-Serrano, M. Ángeles, 2023. "Innovation and performance in social economy enterprises: The mediating effect of legitimacy for customers," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    234. Elitzur, Ramy & Solodoha, Eliran, 2021. "Does gender matter? Evidence from crowdfunding," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 16(C).
    235. Mikaela Backman & Christopher S. Carpenter & Erwan Dujeancourt & Samuel Mann, 2025. "Sexual orientation, entrepreneurship, and firm survival," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(4), pages 2105-2132, April.
    236. Richard Arend, 2014. "Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: how firm age and size affect the ‘capability enhancement–SME performance’ relationship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 42(1), pages 33-57, January.
    237. Aberkane Mohammed Saad & Farhane Youness, 2024. "Innovating the Moroccan Social and Solidarity Economy: Sustainable Solutions for the Craft Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-32, August.
    238. Angela Hung & Joanne Yoong & Elizabeth Brown, 2012. "Empowering Women Through Financial Awareness and Education," OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions 14, OECD Publishing.
    239. Tessa Conroy & Stephan Weiler, 2016. "Does gender matter for job creation? Business ownership and employment growth," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 397-419, August.
    240. Bengtsson, Ola & Sanandaji, Tino & Johannesson, Magnus, 2012. "The Psychology of the Entrepreneur and the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship," Working Paper Series 944, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 30 Oct 2013.
    241. Qursum Qasim & Xavier Cirera, 2014. "Supporting Growth-Oriented Women Entrepreneurs," World Bank Publications - Reports 23654, The World Bank Group.
    242. Susan Coleman & Alicia Robb, 2009. "A comparison of new firm financing by gender: evidence from the Kauffman Firm Survey data," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 397-411, December.
    243. Stöhr, Christian, 2022. "The Effect of Micro-Entrepreneurship on Migration Plans of Young Adults in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediating Role of Subjective and Economic Well-Being," Junior Management Science (JUMS), Junior Management Science e. V., vol. 7(5), pages 1326-1360.
    244. Paola Demartini, 2018. "Innovative Female-Led Startups. Do Women in Business Underperform?," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-15, November.
    245. Dia, Ibrahima & Bonnet, Jean & Abdesselam, Rafik, 2017. "Les déterminants de l’entrepreneuriat féminin à Dakar Sénégal [The determinants of female entrepreneurship in Dakar Senegal]," MPRA Paper 81293, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    246. Andrea Fracasso & Kun Jiang, 2022. "The performance of private companies in China before and during the global financial crisis: firms’ characteristics and entrepreneurs’ attributes," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 803-836, May.
    247. Luca Pistilli & Alessia Paccagnini & Stefano Breschi & Franco Malerba, 2023. "Gender Bias in Entrepreneurship: What is the Role of the Founders’ Entrepreneurial Background?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 187(2), pages 325-346, October.
    248. Blount, Ian & Triana, Maria del Carmen & Richard, Orlando & Li, Mingxiang, 2023. "How women CEOs’ financial knowledge and firm homophily affect venture performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 155(PA).
    249. Lars Ivar Oppedal Berge & Armando José Garcia Pires, 2020. "Gender, formality, and entrepreneurial success," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 881-900, December.
    250. J David Brown & John S Earle & Mee Jung Kim & Kyung Min Lee, 2019. "Start-ups, job creation, and founder characteristics," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 28(6), pages 1637-1672.
    251. Jing Liu & Xiaokang Zhao & Chunliang Zhao, 2020. "Stimulating and Educating Engineers to Innovate through Individual Continuous Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, January.
    252. Görg, Holger & Jäkel, Ina Charlotte, 2024. "Beyond borders: Do gender norms and institutions affect female businesses?," Kiel Working Papers 2273, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    253. Boudreaux, Christopher & Nikolaev, Boris, 2018. "Shattering the glass ceiling? How the institutional context mitigates the gender gap in entrepreneurship," MPRA Paper 90402, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    254. Saman Mazhar & Ali Sher & Azhar Abbas & Abdul Ghafoor & Guanghua Lin, 2022. "Empowering Shepreneurs to achieve the sustainable development goals: Exploring the impact of interest‐free start‐up credit, skill development and ICTs use on entrepreneurial drive," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 1235-1251, October.
    255. Alfonso Expósito & Amparo Sanchis-Llopis & Juan A. Sanchis-Llopis, 2024. "Entrepreneur’s Gender and SMEs Performance: the Mediating Effect of Innovations," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 11877-11911, September.
    256. Močnik Dijana & Širec Karin, 2015. "Determinants Of A Fast-Growing Firm’s Profits: Empirical Evidence For Slovenia," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 62(1), pages 37-54, April.
    257. Cole, Rebel, 2011. "How do firms choose legal form of organization?," MPRA Paper 32591, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    258. Liangxing He & Huihui Li & Yuli Zhang, 2024. "A Dual Mediation Model between Entrepreneurial Intention and Subsequent Actions: Loss Aversion and Affordable Loss," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(1), pages 3122-3146, March.

  50. Fairlie, Robert W. & London, Rebecca A., 2008. "Race, Ethnicity and the Dynamics of Health Insurance Coverage," IZA Discussion Papers 3708, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Heeju Sohn, 2017. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage: Dynamics of Gaining and Losing Coverage Over the Life-Course," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(2), pages 181-201, April.

  51. Daniel O. Beltran & Kuntal K. Das & Robert W. Fairlie, 2008. "Home computers and educational outcomes: evidence from the NLSY97 and CPS," International Finance Discussion Papers 958, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

    Cited by:

    1. Yekaterina Chzhen & Zlata Bruckauf & Emilia Toczydlowska & Frank J. Elgar & Concepcion Moreno-Maldonado & Gonneke W.J.M. Stevens & Dagmar Sigmundová & Geneviève Gariépy, 2018. "Multidimensional Poverty Among Adolescents in 38 Countries: Evidence from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2013/14 Study," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(3), pages 729-753, June.
    2. Robert W. Fairlie & Samantha H. Grunberg, 2014. "Access To Technology And The Transfer Function Of Community Colleges: Evidence From A Field Experiment," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 52(3), pages 1040-1059, July.
    3. De Melo, Gioia & Machado, Alina & Miranda, Alfonso, 2014. "The Impact of a One Laptop per Child Program on Learning: Evidence from Uruguay," IZA Discussion Papers 8489, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Do Boys and Girls Use Computers Differently, and Does It Contribute to Why Boys doWorse in School than Girls?," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4n54q8xh, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    5. Benjamin Faber & Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & Felix Weinhardt, 2015. "ICT and Education: Evidence from Student Home Addresses," NBER Working Papers 21306, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Hull, Marie C. & Duch, Katherine, 2017. "One-To-One Technology and Student Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 10886, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & José Montalbán & Felix Weinhardt, 2021. "Home Broadband and Human Capital Formation," CESifo Working Paper Series 8846, CESifo.
    8. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Community College Students," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4v87w469, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    9. Laura Pagani & Gianluca Argentin & Marco Gui & Luca Stanca, 2015. "The Impact of Digital Skills on Educational Outcomes: Evidence from Performance Tests," Working Papers 304, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised Jul 2015.
    10. Roland G. Fryer, Jr, 2016. "The Production of Human Capital in Developed Countries: Evidence from 196 Randomized Field Experiments," NBER Working Papers 22130, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Djinovic, Vladana & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas, 2022. "Home computer ownership and educational outcomes of adolescents in Greece," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1143, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    12. Schwerdt, Guido & Chingos, Matthew M., 2015. "Virtual Schooling and Student Learning: Evidence from the Florida Virtual School," VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy 113202, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    13. Ofer Malamud, 2019. "The Effect of Home Computers and the Internet on Children’s Human Capital Development," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(02), pages 34-40, August.
    14. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    15. Aaron K. Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 18, pages 27-51, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Fairlie, Robert W., 2012. "Academic achievement, technology and race: Experimental evidence," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 663-679.
    17. Fairlie, Robert W. & Robinson, Jonathan, 2013. "Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5759k24s, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    18. Robert Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2011. "The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes. Evidence from a Field Experiment with Schoolchildren," Working Papers 11-14, NET Institute, revised Sep 2011.
    19. Nerea Gómez-Fernández & Mauro Mediavilla, 2018. "Do information and communication technologies (ICT) improve educational outcomes? Evidence for Spain in PISA 2015," Working Papers 2018/20, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    20. Constantin Mang, 2016. "Market Consequences of ICT Innovations," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 70.
    21. Agasisti, Tommaso & Gil-Izquierdo, María & Han, Seong Won, 2017. "ICT use at home for school-related tasks: what is the effect on a student’s achievement? Empirical evidence from OECD PISA data," MPRA Paper 81343, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Aaron Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Working Papers 23531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    23. Diether W. Beuermann & Julian Cristia & Santiago Cueto & Ofer Malamud & Yyannu Cruz-Aguayo, 2015. "One Laptop per Child at Home: Short-Term Impacts from a Randomized Experiment in Peru," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 53-80, April.
    24. Fairlie, Robert W., 2012. "The effects of home access to technology on computer skills: Evidence from a field experiment," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 243-253.
    25. Gómez-Fernández, Nerea & Mediavilla, Mauro, 2021. "Exploring the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and academic performance: A multilevel analysis for Spain," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    26. John Ariza & Juan Pablo Saldarriaga & Karen Yohana Reinoso & Cristhian David Tafur, 2021. "Information and Communication Technologies and Academic Performance inHigh School in Colombia," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 94, pages 47-86, Enero-Jun.
    27. Jürges, Hendrik & Khanam, Rasheda, 2021. "Adolescents’ time allocation and skill production," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    28. Margarita Billon & Fernando Lera-Lopez & Rocio Marco, 2016. "ICT use by households and firms in the EU: links and determinants from a multivariate perspective," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 152(4), pages 629-654, November.
    29. Neokosmidis, Ioannis & Avaritsiotis, Nikolaos & Ventoura, Zoe & Varoutas, Dimitris, 2015. "Assessment of the gap and (non-)Internet users evolution based on population biology dynamics," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 14-37.

  52. Daniel O. Beltran & Kuntal K. Das & Robert W. Fairlie, 2008. "Are Computers Good for Children? The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes," CEPR Discussion Papers 576, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Economics, Australian National University.

    Cited by:

    1. Djinovic, Vladana & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas, 2022. "Home computer ownership and educational outcomes of adolescents in Greece," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1143, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    2. Fiorini, M., 2010. "The effect of home computer use on children's cognitive and non-cognitive skills," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 55-72, February.

  53. Alicia M. Robb & Robert W. Fairlie, 2008. "Determinants of Business Success: An Examination of Asian-Owned Businesses in the United States," CEPR Discussion Papers 569, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Economics, Australian National University.

    Cited by:

    1. Evgueni Vinogradov & Espen J. Isaksen, 2008. "Survival Of New Firms Owned By Natives And Immigrants In Norway," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(01), pages 21-38.
    2. Sana Ullah & Muhammad Tariq Majeed & Babur Wasim Arif, 2021. "Social capital and firms’ choice of financing under credit constraints: microeconomic evidence from Pakistan," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 48(1), pages 3-13, March.
    3. Ron Jarmin & CJ Krizan & Adela Luque, 2016. "Small Business Growth and Failure during the Great Recession: The Role of House Prices, Race & Gender," CARRA Working Papers 2016-08, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    4. Robert W. Fairlie & Julie Zissimopoulos & Harry Krashinsky, 2010. "The International Asian Business Success Story? A Comparison of Chinese, Indian and Other Asian Businesses in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom," NBER Chapters, in: International Differences in Entrepreneurship, pages 179-208, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Widad Pitrus*, 2015. "Not all smooth sailing: Barriers to small business success for owner/managers from Middle Eastern communities in Melbourne," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 49(6), pages 293-304, Special I.
    6. Getahun Fenta Kebede, 2020. "Network Locations or Embedded Resources? The Effects of Entrepreneurs’ Social Networks on Informal Enterprise Performance in Ethiopia," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(2), pages 630-659, June.

  54. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2008. "Last Hired, First Fired? Black-White Unemployment and the Business Cycle," IZA Discussion Papers 3713, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Robert W. Fairlie & Kenneth Couch & Huanan Xu, 2020. "The Impacts of COVID-19 on Minority Unemployment: First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata," NBER Working Papers 27246, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2020. "Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Fairlie, Robert, 2016. "Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4542h7rq, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    4. Julie L. Hotchkiss & M. Melinda Pitts, 2007. "Evidence of demand factors in the determination of the labor market intermittency penalty," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2007-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    5. Jason L. Kopelman & Harvey S. Rosen, 2016. "Are Public Sector Jobs Recession-proof? Were They Ever?," Public Finance Review, , vol. 44(3), pages 370-396, May.
    6. J. Ryan Lamare & Richard A. Benton & Patricia Michel Tabarani, 2024. "An Empirical Analysis of Race and Political Partisanship Effects on Workplace Mobility Patterns During Lockdown, Reopening, and Endemic COVID-19," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 77(4), pages 475-505, August.
    7. Don Mar & Paul Ong & Tom Larson & James Peoples, 2022. "Racial and ethnic disparities in who receives unemployment benefits during COVID-19," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(8), pages 1-17, August.
    8. Chunbei Wang, 2019. "Tightened Immigration Policies and the Self‐Employment Dynamics of Mexican Immigrants," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(4), pages 944-977, September.
    9. Romain Aeberhardt & Élise Coudin & Roland Rathelot, 2017. "The heterogeneity of ethnic employment gaps," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 30(1), pages 307-337, January.
    10. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2023. "Racial disparities in unemployment during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery: The “stubborn,” the “hiccup,” and the “stall”," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(3), pages 480-495, July.
    11. Wang, Chunbei & Lofstrom, Magnus, 2019. "September 11 and the Rise of Necessity Self-Employment among Mexican Immigrants," IZA Discussion Papers 12555, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Ellora Derenoncourt & Chi Hyun Kim & Moritz Kuhn & Moritz Schularick, 2024. "Unemployment risk, portfolio choice, and the racial wealth gap," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series crctr224_2024_508, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany.
    13. Julie L. Hotchkiss & Robert E. Moore, 2022. "Some Like it Hot: Assessing Longer-Term Labor Market Benefits from a High-Pressure Economy," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 18(2), pages 193-243, June.
    14. Anne LAMBERT & Delphine REMILLON & Mariona SEGÚ, 2023. "Getting out or switching to part‐time: Gender disparities in the impacts of corporate restructuring," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 162(4), pages 537-560, December.
    15. Guanyi Yang & Srinivasan Murali, 2024. "Macroeconomics of Racial Disparities: Discrimination, Labor Market, and Wealth," Papers 2412.00615, arXiv.org, revised May 2025.
    16. Nathan Seltzer, 2019. "Beyond the Great Recession: Labor Market Polarization and Ongoing Fertility Decline in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(4), pages 1463-1493, August.
    17. Brian Thiede & Shannon Monnat, 2016. "The Great Recession and America’s geography of unemployment," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 35(30), pages 891-928.
    18. Sekou Keita & Jérôme Valette, 2019. "Natives’ Attitudes and Immigrants’ Unemployment Durations," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(3), pages 1023-1050, June.
    19. Wido Geis, 2010. "High Unemployment in Germany: Why do Foreigners Suffer Most?," ifo Working Paper Series 90, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
    20. Lamare, J. Ryan & Benton, Richard A. & Tabarani, Patricia Michel, 2024. "An empirical analysis of race and political partisanship effects on workplace mobility patterns during lockdown, reopening, and endemic COVID-19," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 125302, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    21. Julie Hotchkiss & M. Melinda Pitts, 2010. "The demand side of the penalty for intermittent labour market behaviour," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(6), pages 531-535.
    22. Agnieszka Świgost-Kapocsi, 2021. "200 Years of Feminisation of Professions in Poland—Mechanism of False Windows of Opportunity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-17, July.
    23. Maré, David C. & Fabling, Richard, 2013. "The Incidence and Persistence of Cyclical Job Loss in New Zealand," IZA Discussion Papers 7745, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    24. Tyler Ransom & John V. Winters, 2021. "Do Foreigners Crowd Natives out of STEM Degrees and Occupations? Evidence from the US Immigration Act of 1990," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 74(2), pages 321-351, March.
    25. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2008. "Last Hired, First Fired? Black-White Unemployment and the Business Cycle," IZA Discussion Papers 3713, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    26. Daniel Auer, 2022. "Firing discrimination: Selective labor market responses of firms during the COVID-19 economic crisis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(1), pages 1-30, January.
    27. Xu, Xin, 2013. "The business cycle and health behaviors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 126-136.
    28. Kristin Tianqi Liao & Andrés Villarreal, 2022. "Unequal effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on employment: Differences by immigrant status and race/ethnicity," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(11), pages 1-25, November.
    29. Huanan Xu & Kenneth A. Couch, 2017. "The business cycle, labor market transitions by age, and the great recession," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(52), pages 5370-5396, November.
    30. Siddiqi, Arjumand & Jones, Marcella K. & Bruce, Donald J. & Erwin, Paul C., 2016. "Do racial inequities in infant mortality correspond to variations in societal conditions? A study of state-level income inequality in the U.S., 1992–2007," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 49-58.
    31. Donald Freeman, 2011. "On (not) Closing the Gaps: The Evolution of National and Regional Unemployment Rates by Race and Ethnicity," Working Papers 1101, Sam Houston State University, Department of Economics and International Business.
    32. Ian P. McManus, 2024. "Workforce automation risks across race and gender in the United States," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 83(2), pages 463-492, March.
    33. Gänser-Stickler, Gertraud M. & Schulz, Matthias & Schwens, Christian, 2022. "Sitting on the fence - Untangling the role of uncertainty in entrepreneurship and paid employment for hybrid entry," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2).
    34. Peter Kuhn & Kailing Shen, 2009. "Employers' Preferences for Gender, Age, Height and Beauty: Direct Evidence," NBER Working Papers 15564, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    35. Wifag Adnan & Kerim Peren Arin & Aysegul Corakci & Nicola Spagnolo, 2022. "On the heterogeneous effects of tax policy on labor market outcomes," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 88(3), pages 991-1036, January.
    36. Jason L. Kopelman & Harvey S. Rosen, 2014. "Are Public Sector Jobs Recession-Proof? Were They Ever?," NBER Working Papers 20692, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    37. Olabisi Michael, 2020. "Trade shocks and youth jobs," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, March.
    38. Mohammed Ait Lahcen & Garth Baughman & Hugo van Buggenum, 2023. "Racial unemployment gaps and the disparate impact of the inflation tax," ECON - Working Papers 433, Department of Economics - University of Zurich.
    39. Jason L. Kopelman & Harvey S. Rosen, 2014. "Are Public Sector Jobs Recession-Proof? Were They Ever?," Working Papers 240, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    40. Kuhn, Florian & Chanci, Luis, 2024. "Racial disparities in labor outcomes: The effects of hiring discrimination over the business cycle," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 801-817.
    41. Macartney, Hugh & Nielsen, Eric & Rodriguez, Viviana, 2021. "Unequal worker exposure to establishment deaths," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    42. Goran Dominioni & Addolorata Marasco & Alessandro Romano, 2018. "A mathematical approach to study and forecast racial groups interactions: deterministic modeling and scenario method," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 1929-1956, July.
    43. Forsythe, Eliza & Wu, Jhih-Chian, 2021. "Explaining Demographic Heterogeneity in Cyclical Unemployment," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    44. Fidan Ana Kurtulus, 2016. "The Impact of Affirmative Action on the Employment of Minorities and Women: A Longitudinal Analysis Using Three Decades of EEO‐1 Filings," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(1), pages 34-66, January.
    45. John M. Nunley & Adam Pugh & Nicholas Romero & Richard Alan Seals, Jr., 2014. "An Examination of Racial Discrimination in the Labor Market for Recent College Graduates: Estimates from the Field," Auburn Economics Working Paper Series auwp2014-06, Department of Economics, Auburn University.

  55. Robert W. Fairlie & Christopher Woodruff, 2008. "Mexican-American Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 575, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Economics, Australian National University.

    Cited by:

    1. Vincenzo Butticè & Diego Useche, 2022. "Crowdfunding to overcome the immigrant entrepreneurs’ liability of outsidership: the role of internal social capital," Post-Print hal-03593089, HAL.
    2. Katare, Bhagyashree & Ren, Lifeng & Marshall, Maria I., "undated". "Immigrant Farm and Agricultural Entrepreneurship," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258103, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    4. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.
    5. Maude Toussaint-Comeau, 2005. "Do enclaves matter in immigrants’ self-employment decision?," Working Paper Series WP-05-23, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    6. Richard Fabling, 2018. "Entrepreneurial beginnings: Transitions to self-employment and the creation of jobs," Motu Working Papers 18_12, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    7. Peterson, Robert A. & Crittenden, Victoria L., 2020. "Exploring customer orientation as a marketing strategy of Mexican-American entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 139-148.
    8. Cathy Yang Liu, 2012. "Intrametropolitan Opportunity Structure and the Self-Employment of Asian and Latino Immigrants," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 26(2), pages 178-192, May.
    9. Fairlie, Rob, 2011. "Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0x3809sf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    10. Catia Batista & Tara McIndoe-Calder & Pedro C. Vicente, 2017. "Return Migration, Self-selection and Entrepreneurship," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 79(5), pages 797-821, October.
    11. Pia M. Orrenius & Madeline Zavodny & Emily Gutierrez, 2018. "Do State Employment Eligibility Verification Laws Affect Job Turnover?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 36(2), pages 394-409, April.
    12. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr & Tina Xu, 2017. "Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature," NBER Working Papers 24097, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

  56. Robert Fairlie & Aaron Chatterji, 2008. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley Opportunities and Opportunity Costs," Working Papers 08-04, NET Institute.

    Cited by:

    1. Ashish Arora & Anand Nandkumar, 2009. "Cash-out or flame-out! Opportunity cost and entrepreneurial strategy: Theory, and evidence from the information security industry," NBER Working Papers 15532, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

  57. Alicia Robb & Robert Fairlie, 2006. "Access to Financial Capital Among U.S. Businesses: The Case of African-American Firms," Working Papers 06-33, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.

    Cited by:

    1. Alethea Abuyuan & Glenn Yago & Betsy Zeidman, 2007. "A history of emerging domestic markets," Community Development Innovation Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue 1, pages 1-22.
    2. Susana C. Santos & Eric W. Liguori & Michael H. Morris & SherRhonda R. Gibbs, 2025. "A racial identity approach to entrepreneurship: the lived experiences of African American and Black entrepreneurs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 599-623, February.
    3. Michaelides, Marios, 2010. "Race and self-employment: The role of training programs, self-employment background, and access to financing," MPRA Paper 20884, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  58. Fairlie, Robert W. & Woodruff, Christopher, 2006. "Mexican Entrepreneurship: A Comparison of Self-Employment in Mexico and the United States," IZA Discussion Papers 2039, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Lynn E. Browne & Sol Carbonell & Prabal Chakrabarti & DeAnna Green & Yolanda Kodrzycki & Ana Patricia Munoz & Anna Steiger & Richard Walker & Bo Zhao, 2011. "Small businesses in Springfield, Massachusetts: a look at Latino entrepreneurship," Public and Community Affairs Discussion Papers 2011-2, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    2. Armando Mayo Castro & Beatriz Pérez Sánchez, 2018. "Floricultura en el sur mexiquense: rasgos del emprendedor que inciden en la capacidad empresarial de innovación," Revista de Investigación en Ciencias Contables y Administrativas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Facultad de Contaduría y Ciencias Administrativas, vol. 4(1), pages 111-125, December.
    3. Saima Bashir & Tesfa Gebremedhin & Jerald Fletcher, 2011. "An Analysis of the Role of Self-Employment in the Economic Development of the Rural Northeastern United States," Working Papers Working Paper 2011-05, Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University.
    4. Fairlie, Robert W. & Woodruff, Christopher, 2008. "Mexican-American Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 3488, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Wang, Chunbei & Lofstrom, Magnus, 2019. "September 11 and the Rise of Necessity Self-Employment among Mexican Immigrants," IZA Discussion Papers 12555, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Magnus Lofstrom & Timothy Bates, 2009. "Latina entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 427-439, December.
    7. Magda Tsaneva & Pinar Mine Gunes, 2020. "The effect of violent crime on teenage pregnancy in Mexico," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 141-164, March.
    8. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Borra, Cristina & Wang, Chunbei, 2021. "Asian Discrimination in the Coronavirus Era: Implications for Business Formation and Survival," IZA Discussion Papers 14182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Peterson, Robert A. & Crittenden, Victoria L., 2020. "Exploring customer orientation as a marketing strategy of Mexican-American entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 139-148.
    10. Harriet Orcutt Duleep & David Jaeger & Mark C. Regets, 2013. "How Immigration May Affect U.S. Native Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Building Blocks and Preliminary Results," Working Papers 134, Economics Department, William & Mary.
    11. Rachel S. Shinnar & Melissa S. Cardon & Micki Eisenman & Virginia Solis Zuiker & Myung-Soo Lee, 2009. "Immigrant And Us-Born Mexican-Owned Businesses: Motivations And Management," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 14(03), pages 273-295.
    12. Andersson, Henrik, 2018. "Ethnic Enclaves, Self-Employment and the Economic Performance of Refugees," Working Paper Series 2018:7, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    13. Armando Mayo Castro & Beatriz Pérez Sánchez, 2018. "Floricultura en el sur mexiquense: rasgos del emprendedor que inciden en la capacidad empresarial de innovación," Revista de Investigación en Ciencias Contables y Administrativas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Facultad de Contaduría y Ciencias Administrativas, vol. 4(1), pages 111-125, December.

  59. Chinn, Menzie D. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2006. "ICT Use in the Developing World: An Analysis of Differences in Computer and Internet Penetration," IZA Discussion Papers 2206, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Grazzi, Matteo & Vergara, Sebastián, 2012. "ICT in developing countries: Are language barriers relevant? Evidence from Paraguay," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 161-171.
    2. Corrado Benassi & Marcella Scrimitore, 2013. "Income Distribution in Network Markets," Working Paper series 13_13, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
    3. Saba, Charles Shaaba & David, Oladipo Olalekan, 2020. "Convergence patterns in global ICT: Fresh insights from a club clustering algorithm," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(10).
    4. Vergara, Sebastián & Grazzi, Matteo, 2011. "ICT access in Latin America. evidence from household level," MPRA Paper 33266, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Rath, Badri Narayan, 2016. "Does the digital divide across countries lead to convergence? New international evidence," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 75-82.
    6. Viswanath Venkatesh & Hillol Bala & V. Sambamurthy, 2016. "Implementation of an Information and Communication Technology in a Developing Country: A Multimethod Longitudinal Study in a Bank in India," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 27(3), pages 558-579, September.
    7. Yang Li & Jan E. Mutchler & Edward Alan Miller & Jing Jian Xiao & Reginald Tucker-Seeley, 2022. "Space, Context, and Human Capital: A Micro–Macro Perspective on the Social Environment and Financial Literacy in Later Life," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 41(3), pages 1385-1404, June.
    8. PENARD Thierry & POUSSING Nicolas & MUKOKO Blaise & TAMOKWE Georges Bertrand, 2013. "Internet adoption and usage patterns in Africa: Evidence from Cameroon," LISER Working Paper Series 2013-22, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    9. Frederico Cruz-Jesus & Tiago Oliveira & Fernando Bacao & Zahir Irani, 0. "Assessing the pattern between economic and digital development of countries," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-20.
    10. Boou Chen & Chunkai Zhao, 2021. "Poverty reduction in rural China: Does the digital finance matter?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(12), pages 1-27, December.
    11. David E. Bloom & Dara Lee Luca, 2016. "The Global Demography of Aging: Facts, Explanations, Future," PGDA Working Papers 13016, Program on the Global Demography of Aging.
    12. Ewa Lechman, 2013. "Does Technology Adoption Matter For Economic Development? An Empirical Evidence For Latin American Countries," GUT FME Working Paper Series A 17, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology.
    13. Ganuza, Juan José & Viecens, María Fernanda, 2011. "Deployment of high-speed broadband infrastructures during the economic crisis. The case of Xarxa Oberta," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 857-870.
    14. Martínez-Domínguez, Marlen & Mora-Rivera, Jorge, 2020. "Internet adoption and usage patterns in rural Mexico," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    15. Adilson Giovanini & Wallace Marcelino Pereira & Kleverton Clóvis de Oliveira Saath, 2020. "Intermediate services’ impact on capital goods production [Contribuição dos serviços intermediários na produção de bens de capital]," Nova Economia, Economics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil), vol. 30(1), pages 203-230, January-A.
    16. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    17. Lüdering, Jochen, 2014. "The measurement of internet availability and quality in the context of the discussion on digital divide," Discussion Papers 65, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Center for international Development and Environmental Research (ZEU).
    18. Birigozzi, Andrea & De Silva, Cristina & Luitel, Prabesh, 2025. "Digital payments and GDP growth: A behavioural quantitative analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    19. Ashu Tiwari & Archana Patro & Imlak Shaikh, 2019. "Information Communication Technology-Enabled Platforms and P&C Insurance Consumption: Evidence from Emerging & Developing Economies," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 15, pages 81-95, February.
    20. Lechman, Ewa & Kaur, Harleen, 2016. "Social development and ICT adoption. Developing world perspective," MPRA Paper 69354, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    21. Armey, Laura E. & Hosman, Laura, 2016. "The centrality of electricity to ICT use in low-income countries," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(7), pages 617-627.
    22. Rath, Badri Narayan & Panda, Bibhudutta & Akram, Vaseem, 2023. "Convergence and determinants of ICT development in case of emerging market economies," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(2).
    23. Menzie D. Chinn & Robert W. Fairlie, 2006. "ICT Use in the Developing World: An Analysis of Differences in Computer and Internet Penetration," Working Papers 06-03, NET Institute, revised Sep 2006.
    24. Joël Cariolle, 2021. "International connectivity and the digital divide in Sub-Saharan Africa," Post-Print hal-04217762, HAL.
    25. Frederico Cruz-Jesus & Tiago Oliveira & Fernando Bacao & Zahir Irani, 2017. "Assessing the pattern between economic and digital development of countries," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 835-854, August.
    26. Yusuf, Shahid & Nabeshima, Kaoru & Wei Ha, 2007. "What makes cities healthy ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4107, The World Bank.
    27. Galperin, Hernán & Ruzzier, Christian A., 2013. "Price elasticity of demand for broadband: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 429-438.
    28. Bloom, D.E. & Luca, D.L., 2016. "The Global Demography of Aging," Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, in: Piggott, John & Woodland, Alan (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 3-56, Elsevier.
    29. Beňo, Michal, . "Estimating E-workability Components Across Central European Countries," AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Economics and Management, vol. 14(3).
    30. Vergara, Sebastián & Rovira, Sebastián & Balboni, Mariana, 2011. "ICT in Latin America: A Microdata Analysis," MPRA Paper 34598, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    31. Gang Li, 2025. "The Heterogeneous Impact of Digital Technology Utilization on Rural Household Income: Evidence from China," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 16(2), pages 7325-7349, June.
    32. Christian-Lambert Nguena & Honoré Tekam & Borice Augustin Ngounou & Sostella Arida TchoualaFeutsa, 2024. "Building Joyful cities: is urbanization always pave a path to happiness in Africa?," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 71(4), pages 847-874, December.
    33. Julian Hidalgo & Michelle Sovinsky, 2025. "Subsidies, Speed and Switching? Impacts of an Internet Subsidy in Colombia," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 66(4), pages 419-438, April.
    34. Shchetinin, Oleg & Baptiste, Massenot, 2008. "How to Overcome the Digital Divide? The Determinants of Internet Diffusion," MPRA Paper 9413, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    35. Charles Shaaba Saba & Oladipo Olalekan David, 2023. "Identifying Convergence in Telecommunication Infrastructures and the Dynamics of Their Influencing Factors Across Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1413-1466, June.
    36. Owusu-Agyei, Samuel & Okafor, Godwin & Chijoke-Mgbame, Aruoriwo Marian & Ohalehi, Paschal & Hasan, Fakhrul, 2020. "Internet adoption and financial development in sub-Saharan Africa," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    37. Andy Titus Okwu, 2016. "ICT and Stock Market Nexus in Africa: Evidence from Nigeria and South Africa," Acta Universitatis Danubius. OEconomica, Danubius University of Galati, issue 12(4), pages 38-50, August.
    38. Cristi Spulbar & Lucian Claudiu Anghel & Ramona Birau & Simona Ioana Ermiș & Laurențiu-Mihai Treapăt & Adrian T. Mitroi, 2022. "Digitalization as a Factor in Reducing Poverty and Its Implications in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-26, August.
    39. Yang Song & Dayu Liu & Qiaoru Wang, 2021. "The dual-financial-threshold effect in the “club convergence” of economic growth: a dynamic panel threshold model," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 61(5), pages 2713-2737, November.
    40. Wesley W. Koo & Charles E. Eesley, 2021. "Platform governance and the rural–urban divide: Sellers' responses to design change," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(5), pages 941-967, May.
    41. Dibyendu Maiti & Akshara Awasthi, 2020. "ICT Exposure and the Level of Wellbeing and Progress: A Cross Country Analysis," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 147(1), pages 311-343, January.
    42. Tob-Ogu, Abiye & Kumar, Niraj & Cullen, John, 2018. "ICT adoption in road freight transport in Nigeria – A case study of the petroleum downstream sector," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 240-252.
    43. Zagorchev, Andrey & Vasconcellos, Geraldo & Bae, Youngsoo, 2011. "Financial development, technology, growth and performance: Evidence from the accession to the EU," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 743-759.
    44. Margarita Billon & Fernando Lera-Lopez & Rocio Marco, 2016. "ICT use by households and firms in the EU: links and determinants from a multivariate perspective," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 152(4), pages 629-654, November.
    45. Ngounou, Borice Augustin & Djiogag, Constant Fouopi & Domguia, Edmond Noubissi & Zanfack, Linda Tiague & Pondie, Thierry Messie, 2025. "Does fiscal decentralisation hamper happiness? Evidence from African countries," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    46. Chien-Chiang Lee & Mei-Ping Chen & Wenmin Wu & Wenwu Xing, 2021. "The impacts of ICTs on tourism development: International evidence based on a panel quantile approach," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 509-547, December.
    47. Neokosmidis, Ioannis & Avaritsiotis, Nikolaos & Ventoura, Zoe & Varoutas, Dimitris, 2015. "Assessment of the gap and (non-)Internet users evolution based on population biology dynamics," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 14-37.
    48. Abou-Shouk, Mohamed A. & Lim, Wai Mun & Megicks, Phil, 2016. "Using competing models to evaluate the role of environmental pressures in ecommerce adoption by small and medium sized travel agents in a developing country," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 327-339.

  60. Beltran, Daniel O. & Das, Kuntal K. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2006. "Do Home Computers Improve Educational Outcomes? Evidence from Matched Current Population Surveys and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997," IZA Discussion Papers 1912, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    Cited by:

    1. Jacob L. Vigdor & Helen F. Ladd, 2010. "Scaling the Digital Divide: Home Computer Technology and Student Achievement," NBER Working Papers 16078, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. David Leonardo Parra Araque, 2013. "Determinantes socioeconómicas de las TIC en el rendimiento de los estudiantes en las Pruebas saber 11 para Bogotá," Revista Isocuanta, Universidad Santo Tomás, vol. 0(0), pages 1-13.
    3. Coneus, Katja & Gernandt, Johannes & Saam, Marianne, 2008. "Noncognitive Skills, Internet Use and Educational Dropout," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-044, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.

  61. Fairlie, Robert W & Robb, Alicia M., 2005. "Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5gk2188g, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

    Cited by:

    1. Craig Wesley Carpenter, 2016. "The Dynamics Of Latino-Owned Business With Comparisions To Other Ethnicities," Working Papers 16-33, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    2. Tommelein, Iris D. PhD & Gazzaniga, Tyler, 2022. "Small and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (SB/DBE) Issues in Caltrans Contract and Bid Process," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt28q732xz, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.

  62. Chinn, Menzie D. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2004. "The Determinants of the Global Digital Divide: A Cross-Country Analysis of Computer and Internet Penetration," Center Discussion Papers 28408, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.

    Cited by:

    1. Andrés, Antonio R. & Amavilah, Voxi & Asongu, Simplice A, 2016. "Linkages between Formal Institutions, ICT Adoption and Inclusive Human Development in Sub Saharan Africa," MPRA Paper 75044, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Jianhong Zhang & Désirée Gorp & Henk Kievit, 2023. "Digital technology and national entrepreneurship: An ecosystem perspective," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1077-1105, June.
    3. Weiwei Li & Ping Zhang & Kaixu Zhao & Hua Chen & Sidong Zhao, 2023. "The Evolution Model of and Factors Influencing Digital Villages: Evidence from Guangxi, China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-26, March.
    4. David Cuberes & Luis Andrés & Tomás Serebrisky & Mame Astou Diouf, 2010. "The diffusion of Internet: a cross-country analysis," Working Papers. Serie AD 2010-07, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
    5. Luis Hernando Gutierrez & Luis Fernando Gamboa, 2008. "An approximation to the digital divide among low income people in Colombia, Mexico and Per√∫: two composite indexes," Documentos de Trabajo 4710, Universidad del Rosario.
    6. Ren, Siyu & Hao, Yu & Xu, Lu & Wu, Haitao & Ba, Ning, 2021. "Digitalization and energy: How does internet development affect China's energy consumption?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    7. Edward J. Oughton & David Amaglobeli & Marian Moszoro, 2023. "What would it cost to connect the unconnected? Estimating global universal broadband infrastructure investment," Papers 2310.03694, arXiv.org.
    8. Ayberk SEKER, 2017. "Uluslararasi Ticarette Internet Kullaniminin Rolu: Turkiye Ornegi," Ege Academic Review, Ege University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, vol. 17(1), pages 75-88.
    9. Franken, Jonas & Reinhold, Thomas & Dörnfeld, Timon & Reuter, Christian, 2025. "Hidden structures of a global infrastructure: Expansion factors of the subsea data cable network," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    10. Rath, Badri Narayan, 2016. "Does the digital divide across countries lead to convergence? New international evidence," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 75-82.
    11. Maria Merisalo & Jussi S. Jauhiainen, 2020. "Digital Divides among Asylum‐Related Migrants: Comparing Internet Use and Smartphone Ownership," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 111(5), pages 689-704, December.
    12. PENARD Thierry & POUSSING Nicolas & MUKOKO Blaise & TAMOKWE Georges Bertrand, 2013. "Internet adoption and usage patterns in Africa: Evidence from Cameroon," LISER Working Paper Series 2013-22, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    13. Yves Evrard & Anne Krebs, 2018. "The authenticity of the museum experience in the digital age: the case of the Louvre," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer;The Association for Cultural Economics International, vol. 42(3), pages 353-363, August.
    14. Ono, Hiroshi, 2005. "Digital Inequality In East Asia : Evidence From Japan, South Korea And Singapore," EIJS Working Paper Series 219, Stockholm School of Economics, The European Institute of Japanese Studies.
    15. Veneta Andonova & Luis Díaz-Serrano, 2006. "Political institutions and the development of telecomunications," Working Papers CREAP2006-10, Xarxa de Referència en Economia Aplicada (XREAP), revised Dec 2006.
    16. Frederico Cruz-Jesus & Tiago Oliveira & Fernando Bacao & Zahir Irani, 0. "Assessing the pattern between economic and digital development of countries," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-20.
    17. Selim Raihan & Mahtab Uddin & Sakil Ahmmed, 2021. "Dynamics of Youth and Gender Divide in Technology in Bangladesh," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 22(2), pages 205-232, September.
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    45. Siebert, W. Stanley & Peng, Fei & Maimaiti, Yasheng, 2011. "HRM Practices and Performance of Family-Run Workplaces: Evidence from the 2004 WERS," IZA Discussion Papers 5899, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    63. Lucia Foster & Patrice Norman, 2017. "The Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs: An Update," Working Papers 17-46, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    64. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2007. "Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 25(2), pages 289-323.
    65. Ferrante, Francesco & Federici, Daniela & Parisi, Valentino, 2017. "University Students and Entrepreneurship. Some insights from a population-based survey," MPRA Paper 76980, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    66. Nurdan Ozaralli & Nancy K. Rivenburgh, 2016. "Entrepreneurial intention: antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the U.S.A. and Turkey," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 6(1), pages 1-32, December.
    67. Sato, Hiroshi & 佐藤, 宏 & Li, Shi, 2013. "Influence Of Family Background On Current Family Wealth In Rural China," Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 54(1), pages 95-117, June.
    68. Stéphane Benveniste, 2024. "Political and Business Dynasties: a Social Gradient in Returns to Elite Education," Working Papers hal-04511165, HAL.
    69. Parker, Simon C. & van Praag, C. Mirjam, 2012. "The entrepreneur's mode of entry: Business takeover or new venture start?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 31-46.
    70. Shiri, Nematollah & Alibaygi, Amirhossein & Faghin, Mojgan, 2013. "Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Motivation of Agricultural Students at Razi University," International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development (IJAMAD), Iranian Association of Agricultural Economics, vol. 3(3), pages 1-6, September.
    71. Anders Hoffmann & Martin Junge & Nikolaj Malchow-Møller, 2015. "Running in the family: parental role models in entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 79-104, January.
    72. Maria-Ana Georgescu & Emilia Herman, 2020. "The Impact of the Family Background on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-18, June.
    73. Dawson, Christopher & de Meza, David & Henley, Andrew & Arabsheibani, G. Reza, 2019. "Curb your enthusiasm: optimistic entrepreneurs earn less," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 90264, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    74. Pierre Azoulay & Benjamin Jones & J. Daniel Kim & Javier Miranda, 2018. "Age and High-Growth Entrepreneurship," NBER Working Papers 24489, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    75. Stephan J. Goetz & Sundar S. Shrestha, 2009. "Explaining Self‐Employment Success and Failure: Wal‐Mart Versus Starbucks, or Schumpeter Versus Putnam," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 90(1), pages 22-38, March.
    76. Huber, Laura Rosendahl & Sloof, Randolph & Van Praag, Mirjam, 2014. "The effect of early entrepreneurship education: Evidence from a field experiment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 76-97.
    77. Hudec, Oto & Urbančíková, Nataša & Džupka, Peter & Šebová, Miriam & Klimovský, Daniel & Suhányi, Ladislav & Želinský, Tomáš, 2009. "Podoby regionálneho a miestneho rozvoja [Patterns of Regional and Local Development]," MPRA Paper 113811, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    78. Veronique Schutjens & Niels Bosma & Jolanda Hessels & Mirjam Van Praag & Ingrid Verheul, 2011. "The strength of a good example: How important are role models for early-stage entrepreneurs?," ERSA conference papers ersa10p531, European Regional Science Association.
    79. Falck, Oliver & Heblich, Stephan & Lüdemann, Elke, 2012. "Identity and entrepreneurship: Do school peers shape entrepreneurial intentions?," Munich Reprints in Economics 20633, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
    80. Francis J. Greene & Liang Han & Susan Marlow, 2013. "Like Mother, Like Daughter? Analyzing Maternal Influences upon Women's Entrepreneurial Propensity," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 37(4), pages 687-711, July.
    81. Oladipo, Oluwasheyi S. & Shim, Hyoung Suk, 2022. "Microentrepreneurs' Gender Difference in Labor Demand," IZA Discussion Papers 15690, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    82. Frank M. Fossen & Davud Rostam-Afschar, 2009. "Precautionary and Entrepreneurial Saving: New Evidence from German Households," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 920, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    83. Aina, Carmen & Nicoletti, Cheti, 2018. "The intergenerational transmission of liberal professions," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 108-120.
    84. Noemi Oggero & Francesco Devicienti & Mariacristina Rossi & Davide Vannoni, 2023. "You can't be what you can't see: The role of gender in the intergenerational transmission of entrepreneurship," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 69(3), pages 755-775, September.
    85. M. Diane Burton & Jesper B. Sørensen & Stanislav D. Dobrev, 2016. "A Careers Perspective on Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(2), pages 237-247, March.
    86. Hopkins, Lucas & Ferguson, Keith E., 2014. "Looking forward: The role of multiple regression in family business research," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 52-62.
    87. Weerachart Kilenthong & Kittipong Rueanthip, 2016. "The Impact of Family Business Apprenticeship on Entrepreneurship and Survival of Small Businesses: Evidence from Thailand," PIER Discussion Papers 34, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research.
    88. Sato, Hiroshi & Li, Shi, 2007. "Revolution and Family in Rural China: Influence of Family Background on Current Family Wealth," IZA Discussion Papers 3223, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    89. Donovan Collier & Ravi Chinta, 2025. "Unveiling the Power of Race and Education in Shaping Entrepreneurial Dreams: An Empirical Study in Florida," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, January.
    90. Margaret E. Blume-Kohout, 2016. "Why are some foreign-born workers more entrepreneurial than others?," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 41(6), pages 1327-1353, December.
    91. Patrick Raymund James M. Garcia & Pramodita Sharma & Alfredo De Massis & Mike Wright & Louise Scholes, 2019. "Perceived Parental Behaviors and Next-Generation Engagement in Family Firms: A Social Cognitive Perspective," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 43(2), pages 224-243, March.
    92. Román, Concepción & Congregado, Emilio & Millán, José María, 2013. "Start-up incentives: Entrepreneurship policy or active labour market programme?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 151-175.
    93. Bingley, Paul & Corak, Miles & Westergård-Nielsen, Niels C., 2011. "The Intergenerational Transmission of Employers in Canada and Denmark," IZA Discussion Papers 5593, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    94. Welsh, Dianne H.B. & Memili, Esra & Rosplock, Kirby & Roure, Juan & Segurado, Juan Luis, 2013. "Perceptions of entrepreneurship across generations in family offices: A stewardship theory perspective," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 213-226.
    95. Weerachart T. Kilenthong & Kittipong Rueanthip, 2018. "Entrepreneurship and family businesses in Thailand," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, The Crawford School, The Australian National University, vol. 32(1), pages 77-93, May.
    96. Pengpeng Yue & Aslihan Gizem Korkmaz & Zhichao Yin & Haigang Zhou, 2021. "Household-owned Businesses’ Vulnerability to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(6), pages 1662-1674, May.
    97. Yaron Zelekha, 2024. "The effect of spouses on the entrepreneurial gender gap," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 2481-2514, December.
    98. Joseph Farhat & Naranchimeg Mijid, 2018. "Do women lag behind men? A matched-sample analysis of the dynamics of gender gaps," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 42(4), pages 682-709, October.
    99. Fairchild, Gregory B., 2008. "The influence of residential segregation and its correlates on ethnic enterprise in urban areas," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 513-527, September.
    100. Nicoletti, Cheti & Aina, Carmen, 2014. "The intergenerational mobility of liberal professions: nepotism versus abilities," ISER Working Paper Series 2014-39, Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    101. Dawn DeTienne & Melissa Cardon, 2012. "Impact of founder experience on exit intentions," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 351-374, May.
    102. Youwei Wang & Yuxin Chen & Yi Qian, 2018. "The Causal Link between Relative Age Effect and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from 17 Million Users across 49 Years on Taobao," NBER Working Papers 25318, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    103. Lina Aldén & Spencer Bastani & Mats Hammarstedt & Chizheng Miao, 2022. "Immigrant-native differences in long-term self-employment," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 1661-1697, March.
    104. Elizabeth Mishkin, 2021. "Gender and Sibling Dynamics in the Intergenerational Transmission of Entrepreneurship," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(10), pages 6116-6135, October.
    105. Cole, Rebel A. & Cowling, Marc & Liu, Weixi, 2024. "The effect of collateral on small business rationing of term loans and lines of credit," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    106. Michaelides Marios & Davis Scott, 2020. "From unemployment to self-employment: The role of entrepreneurship training," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 10(1), pages 1-35, March.
    107. Jermain Kaminski & Christian Hopp & Christian Lukas, 2018. "Who benefits from the wisdom of the crowd in crowdfunding? Assessing the benefits of user-generated and mass personal electronic word of mouth in computer-mediated financing," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 88(9), pages 1133-1162, December.
    108. Aldén, Lina & Bastani, Spencer & Hammarstedt, Mats & Miao, Chizheng, 2020. "Ethnic Differences in Long-Term Self-Employment," Working Paper Series 1361, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    109. Jonsson, Sara & Ouyang, Qinglin, 2023. "Effects of cultural origin on entrepreneurship," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 308-319.
    110. Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio & Molina, José Alberto & Velilla, Jorge, 2020. "Short- vs Long-Term Intergenerational Correlations of Employment and Self-Employment in Europe," IZA Discussion Papers 12933, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    111. Arndt Werner & Johanna Gast & Sascha Kraus, 2014. "The effect of working time preferences and fair wage perceptions on entrepreneurial intentions among employees," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 43(1), pages 137-160, June.
    112. Marios Michaelides & Scott Davis, 2016. "From unemployment to self-employment: the role of entrepreneurship training," University of Cyprus Working Papers in Economics 09-2016, University of Cyprus Department of Economics.
    113. Zapkau, Florian B. & Schwens, Christian & Steinmetz, Holger & Kabst, Rüdiger, 2015. "Disentangling the effect of prior entrepreneurial exposure on entrepreneurial intention," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 639-653.
    114. Jose Maria Millan & Emilio Congregado & Concepcion Roman & Mirjam van Praag & Andre van Stel, 2011. "The Value of an Educated Population for an Individual's Entrepreneurship Success," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 11-066/3, Tinbergen Institute, revised 06 May 2014.
    115. Paola Demartini, 2018. "Innovative Female-Led Startups. Do Women in Business Underperform?," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-15, November.
    116. Luisa Fernanda Bernat & German Lambardi & Paola Palacios, 2017. "Determinants of the entrepreneurial gender gap in Latin America," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 727-752, March.
    117. Rodrigo Basco & Inga BartkeviÄ iÅ«tÄ—, 2016. "Is there any room for family business into European Union 2020 Strategy? Family business and regional public policy," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 31(6), pages 709-732, September.
    118. James R. Barth & Glenn Yago & Betsy Zeidman, 2006. "Stumbling blocks to entrepreneurship in low-and-moderate income communities," Proceedings: Community Affairs Dept. Conferences, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, issue Jul, pages 91-155.
    119. Wyrwich, Michael, 2013. "Can socioeconomic heritage produce a lost generation with regard to entrepreneurship?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 667-682.
    120. Kleinhempel, Johannes & Klasing, Mariko & Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd, 2022. "Cultural Roots of Entrepreneurship," MPRA Paper 115942, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    121. Diego Aboal & Federico Veneri, 2016. "Entrepreneurs in Latin America," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 503-525, March.

  65. Dyer, Wendy Tanisha & Fairlie, Robert W., 2003. "Do Family Caps Reduce Out-of-Wedlock Births? Evidence from Arkansas, Georgia, Indiana, New Jersey and Virginia," Center Discussion Papers 28431, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.

    Cited by:

    1. Ohinata, Asako, "undated". "FERTILITY RESPONSE TO FINANCIAL INCENTIVES: Evidence from the Working Families Tax Credit in the UK," Economic Research Papers 269849, University of Warwick - Department of Economics.
    2. Cohen, Alma & Dehejia, Rajeev & Romanov, Dmitri, 2008. "Do Financial Incentives Affect Fertility?," Foerder Institute for Economic Research Working Papers 275719, Tel-Aviv University > Foerder Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Santiago Garganta & Leonardo Gasparini & Mariana Marchionni & Mariano Tappatá, 2017. "The Effect of Cash Transfers on Fertility: Evidence from Argentina," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(1), pages 1-24, February.
    4. Ohinata, Asako, 2008. "Fertility Response to Financial Incentives-Evidence from the Working Families Tax Credit in the UK," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 851, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.

  66. Robert W. Fairlie, 2000. "Earnings Growth among Young Less-Educated Business Owners," JCPR Working Papers 207, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "The Effect of Immigration on Native Self-Employment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7bq2h9rh, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.

  67. Lori G. Kletzer & Robert W. Fairlie, 1999. "The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement Among Young Workers," JCPR Working Papers 87, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Kenneth A. Couch, 2001. "Earnings Losses and Unemployment of Displaced Workers in Germany," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 54(3), pages 559-572, April.

  68. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 1997. "Does Immigration Hurt African-American Self-Employment?," NBER Working Papers 6265, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Stevans, Lonnie, 2007. "The Relationship Among African American Male Earnings, Employment, Incarceration and Immigration: A Time Series Approach," MPRA Paper 5594, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Ghimire Keshar M., 2021. "Supply of immigrant entrepreneurs and native entrepreneurship," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 12(1), pages 1-42, January.
    3. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, "undated". "Does Immigration Hurt African-American Self-Employment?," IPR working papers 97-1, Institute for Policy Resarch at Northwestern University.
    4. Cathy Yang Liu & Xi Huang, 2016. "The Rise of Urban Entrepreneurs in China: Capital Endowments and Entry Dynamics," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1), pages 32-52, March.
    5. Boyd, Robert L., 2003. "Were black entrepreneurs displaced from the retail trade by white immigrant merchants? A study of northern cities in the early twentieth century," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 447-455, September.
    6. Lonnie Stevans, 2009. "The Relationship Among African American Male Earnings, Employment, Incarceration and Immigration in the United States: A Time Series Approach," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 36(3), pages 151-160, December.

  69. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 1994. "The Ethnic and Racial Character of Self-Employment," NBER Working Papers 4791, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Lynn A. Karoly & Julie Zissimopoulos, 2004. "Self-Employment Trends and Patterns Among Older U.S. Workers," Working Papers WR-136, RAND Corporation.
    2. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "Ethnic and Racial Self-Employment Differences and Possible Explanations," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt24p7v6gc, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    3. Wei Fan & Michelle J. White, 2002. "Personal Bankruptcy and the Level of Entrepreneurial Activity," NBER Working Papers 9340, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Daly, Moira, 2015. "The long term returns of attempting self-employment with regular employment as a fall back option," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 26-52.
    5. Wei Fan & Michelle J. White, 2001. "Personal Bankruptcy and the Level of Entrepreneurial Activity," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 01-11, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
    6. Magnus Lofstrom, 2002. "Labor market assimilation and the self-employment decision of immigrant entrepreneurs," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 15(1), pages 83-114.
    7. Linda N. Edwards & Elizabeth Field-Hendrey, 2002. "Home-Based Work and Women's Labor Force Decisions," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 20(1), pages 170-200, January.
    8. Evgueni Vinogradov & Eva Jenny Benedikte Jørgensen, 2017. "Differences in international opportunity identification between native and immigrant entrepreneurs," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 207-228, June.

Articles

  1. Robert Fairlie, 2024. "The impacts of COVID‐19 on racial inequality in business earnings," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(1), pages 258-288, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  2. Yue Ma & Robert Fairlie & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2024. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer-Assisted Learning in China," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 72(4), pages 1923-1962.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  3. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen & Reid Johnsen & Gentian Droboniku, 2023. "Were small businesses more likely to permanently close in the pandemic?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1613-1629, April.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  4. Eric Bettinger & Robert Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2023. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer‐Assisted Learning," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(2), pages 552-570, March.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  5. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "The early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on business sales," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 1853-1864, April.

    Cited by:

    1. Jörn Block & Alexander S. Kritikos & Maximilian Priem & Caroline Stiel, 2022. "Emergency-Aid for Self-employed in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Flash in the Pan?," CEPA Discussion Papers 55, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
    2. Ioannis Giotopoulos & Alexander S. Kritikos & Aggelos Tsakanikas, 2022. "A Lasting Crisis Affects R&D Decisions of Smaller Firms: The Greek Experience," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2009, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen & Reid Johnsen & Gentian Droboniku, 2023. "Were small businesses more likely to permanently close in the pandemic?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1613-1629, April.
    4. Irene Bertschek & Joern Block & Alexander S. Kritikos & Caroline Stiel, 2024. "German financial state aid during Covid-19 pandemic: Higher impact among digitalized self-employed," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(1-2), pages 76-97, January.
    5. Josefine Hansson & Mikael Nordenmark & Åsa Tjulin & Bodil J. Landstad & Stig Vinberg, 2022. "Socio-Ecological Factors and Well-Being among Self-Employed in Europe during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-13, June.
    6. Supramono Supramono & Theresia Woro Damayanti & Dhian Adhitya, 2025. "Dynamic capabilities and financial behavior to accelerate MSME performance recovery and its impacts on business sustainability," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 1-22, December.
    7. Cameron J. Borgholthaus & Joshua V. White & Erik Markin & Vishal K. Gupta, 2023. "Venture creation in the aftermath of COVID-19: The impact of US governor party affiliation and discretion," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 655-674, August.
    8. Ling Wang, 2025. "Bank financing for SMEs in times of crisis: when “whatever-it-takes” confronts “black swans”," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 777-812, August.
    9. Biswajit Banerjee & Jelena Ćirjaković, 2025. "The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on sales and employment of the non-financial corporate sector in Slovenia," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 52(2), pages 473-499, June.
    10. Andrea Kolková & Petr Rozehnal, 2022. "Hybrid demand forecasting models: pre-pandemic and pandemic use studies," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 17(3), pages 699-725, September.
    11. Jihan Park & Donghyun Kim, 2025. "Regional economic resilience and long-term employment growth: decomposing structural transitions in South Korean metropolitan areas," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 74(2), pages 1-29, June.
    12. Barrot, Jean-Noël & Bonelli, Maxime & Grassi, Basile & Sauvagnat, Julien, 2024. "Causal effects of closing businesses in a pandemic," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    13. David Bruce Audretsch & Martina Aronica & Maksim Belitski & Davide Piacentino, 2024. "Natural selection or strategic adaptation? Entrepreneurial digital technologies and survival of the species," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1631-1659, October.
    14. Charlie Tchinda & Marcus Dejardin, 2021. "Are Business Policy Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Be Equally Valued? An Exploration According to SMEs Owners’ Business Expectations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, October.
    15. Trunschke, Markus & Peters, Bettina & Czarnitzki, Dirk & Rammer, Christian, 2024. "Pandemic effects: Do innovation activities of firms suffer from Long COVID?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(7).
    16. Karimi, Sina & Samadzad, Mahdi & Lesteven, Gaele, 2024. "Navigating public transport during a pandemic: Key lessons on travel behavior and social equity from two surveys in Tehran," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    17. Daiji Kawaguchi & Sagiri Kitao & Manabu Nose, 2022. "The impact of COVID-19 on Japanese firms: mobility and resilience via remote work," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 29(6), pages 1419-1449, December.
    18. Marat Ressin, 2024. "Small business development in stabilizing Alberta’s economy (Canada)," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    19. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Yasushi Hara & Yunosuke Iwaki, 2022. "Impact of Consumer Awareness and Behavior on Business Exits in the Hospitality, Tourism, Entertainment, and Culture Industries under the COVID-19 Pandemic," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-19, November.
    20. Paolo Roffia & Marina Dabić, 2024. "The role of management control and integrated information systems for the resilience of SMEs," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 18(5), pages 1353-1375, May.
    21. Muzi,Silvia & Jolevski,Filip & Ueda,Kohei & Viganola,Domenico, 2021. "Productivity and Firm Exit during the COVID-19 Crisis : Cross-Country Evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9671, The World Bank.
    22. Marcela Taušová & Beáta Stehlíková & Katarína Čulková & Samuel Cibula & Alkhalaf Ibrahim, 2025. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Economic Development of Selected Sectors: Case Study in Slovakia II (Secondary and Tertiary Industry)," Economies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-28, September.
    23. Vitaly Kaftan & Wadim Kandalov & Igor Molodtsov & Anna Sherstobitova & Wadim Strielkowski, 2023. "Socio-Economic Stability and Sustainable Development in the Post-COVID Era: Lessons for the Business and Economic Leaders," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-18, February.
    24. Chiara Franco & Filomena Pietrovito, 2024. "Drivers of firms’ digital activities in response to the Covid-19 pandemic," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 14(3), pages 695-726, September.
    25. Jorge Fernández B. & Francisco Vásquez L., 2024. "Financiamiento de corto plazo de las empresas chilenas," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 1032, Central Bank of Chile.
    26. David Bruce Audretsch & Martina Aronica & Maksim Belitski & Davide Caddemi & Davide Piacentino, 2025. "The impact of government financial aid and digital tools on firm survival during the COVID-19 pandemic," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 813-836, August.
    27. Tendai Makoni & Delson Chikobvu, 2023. "Evaluating and Predicting the Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Manufacturing Sales within South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-18, June.
    28. Amin,Mohammad & Jolevski,Filip & Islam,Asif Mohammed, 2023. "The Resilience of SMEs and Large Firms in the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Decomposition Analysis," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10562, The World Bank.
    29. Dina Azhgaliyeva & Ranjeeta Mishra & Trinh Long & Peter Morgan & Wataru Kodama, 2022. "Impacts of COVID-19 on Households’ Business, Employment and School Education: Evidence from Household Survey in CAREC Countries," ADBI Working Papers 1335, Asian Development Bank Institute.

  6. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot: Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 112, pages 287-291, May.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  7. George Bulman & Robert Fairlie, 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Community College Enrollment and Student Success: Evidence from California Administrative Data," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 17(4), pages 745-764, Fall.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  8. Robert Fairlie & Alicia Robb & David T. Robinson, 2022. "Black and White: Access to Capital Among Minority-Owned Start-ups," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(4), pages 2377-2400, April.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  9. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "Did the Paycheck Protection Program and Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program get disbursed to minority communities in the early stages of COVID-19?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 829-842, February.

    Cited by:

    1. Jörn Block & Alexander S. Kritikos & Maximilian Priem & Caroline Stiel, 2022. "Emergency-Aid for Self-employed in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Flash in the Pan?," CEPA Discussion Papers 55, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
    2. Maksim Belitski & Christina Guenther & Alexander S. Kritikos & Roy Thurik, 2022. "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 593-609, February.
    3. Miriam Bruhn & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Dorothe Singer, 2023. "Competition and Firm Recovery Post-COVID-19," Working Papers 633, Center for Global Development.
    4. Angela Guo & Mark E. Schweitzer, 2023. "Basic Facts on the Coverage of the Paycheck Protection Program," Working Papers 23-24, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    5. Cathy Yang Liu & Luísa Nazareno, 2025. "State responses during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impacts on small businesses," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 625-643, February.
    6. Vladimir Kotomin & Wyatt Frere & Ruby Morr, 2025. "Forgive me not? Racial and institutional disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program loan forgiveness," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(3), pages 1433-1461, March.
    7. Gabriela Lelo de Larrea & Mehmet Altin & Emrah Koçak & Fevzi Okumus, 2024. "Paycheck Protection Program and lending discrimination in the US hospitality industry," Tourism Economics, , vol. 30(7), pages 1780-1799, November.
    8. Qingfang Wang & Wei Kang, 2023. "Small businesses and government assistance during COVID-19: Evidence from the paycheck protection program in the U.S," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 55(8), pages 2147-2165, November.
    9. Landini, Austin, Kristopher Deming, and Stephan Weiler, 2024. "Can Bank Density Provide Insights on the Appropriation of Disaster Relief Funds? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 54(1), pages 1-26.
    10. David Bruce Audretsch & Martina Aronica & Maksim Belitski & Davide Caddemi & Davide Piacentino, 2025. "The impact of government financial aid and digital tools on firm survival during the COVID-19 pandemic," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 813-836, August.

  10. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2022. "The evolving impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on gender inequality in the US labor market: The COVID motherhood penalty," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 60(2), pages 485-507, April.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  11. Mistree, Dinsha & Loyalka, Prashant & Fairlie, Robert & Bhuradia, Ashutosh & Angrish, Manyu & Lin, Jason & Karoshi, Amar & Yen, Sara J. & Mistri, Jamsheed & Bayat, Vafa, 2021. "Instructional interventions for improving COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, behaviors: Evidence from a large-scale RCT in India," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    See citations under working paper version above.
  12. Jeremy West & Robert W. Fairlie & Bryan Pratt & Liam Rose, 2021. "Automated Enforcement of Irrigation Regulations and Social Pressure for Water Conservation," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 8(6), pages 1179-1207.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  13. Oliver, Daniel & Fairlie, Robert & Millhauser, Glenn & Roland, Randa, 2021. "Minority student and teaching assistant interactions in STEM," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    See citations under working paper version above.
  14. Robles, Silvia & Gross, Max & Fairlie, Robert W., 2021. "The effect of course shutouts on community college students: Evidence from waitlist cutoffs," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    See citations under working paper version above.
  15. George Bulman & Robert Fairlie & Sarena Goodman & Adam Isen, 2021. "Parental Resources and College Attendance: Evidence from Lottery Wins," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 111(4), pages 1201-1240, April.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  16. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2020. "Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

    Cited by:

    1. Valentina Rivera & Francisca Castro, 2021. "Between Social Protests and a Global Pandemic: Working Transitions under the Economic Effects of COVID-19," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-21, April.
    2. Robert G. Valletta & Mary Yilma, 2024. "Enhanced Unemployment Insurance Benefits in the United States during COVID-19: Equity and Efficiency," Working Paper Series 2024-15, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    3. Xie, Qiwei & Cheng, Lu & Liu, Ranran & Zheng, Xiaolong & Li, Jingyu, 2023. "COVID-19 and risk spillovers of China's major financial markets: Evidence from time-varying variance decomposition and wavelet coherence analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    4. Christopher D. Cotton & Vaishali Garga & Justin Rohan, 2021. "Consumption Spending during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Current Policy Perspectives 93430, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    5. Cicala, Steve, 2021. "The incidence of extreme economic stress: Evidence from utility disconnections," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    6. Cortes, Guido Matias & Forsythe, Eliza, 2021. "The heterogenous labour market impact of the COVID-19 pandemic," CLEF Working Paper Series 40, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
    7. Carvalho, Mckenzie & Hagerman, Amy D. & Whitacre, Brian, 2022. "Telework and COVID-19 Resiliency in the Southeastern United States," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 52(01), April.
    8. Béland, Louis-Philippe & Brodeur, Abel & Wright, Taylor, 2020. "The Short-Term Economic Consequences of COVID-19: Exposure to Disease, Remote Work and Government Response," IZA Discussion Papers 13159, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Guido Matias Cortes & Eliza Forsythe, 2023. "Distributional impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic and the CARES Act," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 21(2), pages 325-349, June.
    10. Carmen Valentina Radulescu & Georgiana-Raluca Ladaru & Sorin Burlacu & Florentina Constantin & Corina Ioanăș & Ionut Laurentiu Petre, 2020. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Labor Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, December.
    11. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2021. "The Evolving Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gender Inequality in the U.S. Labor Market: The COVID Motherhood Penalty," IZA Discussion Papers 14811, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Minoru Higa & Carlos Ospino & Fernando Aragon, 2023. "The persistent effects of COVID-19 on labour outcomes: evidence from Peru," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(8), pages 1065-1076, May.
    13. McGinnity, Frances & Russell, Helen & Alamir, Anousheh, 2024. "The equality impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Irish labour market," Research Series, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), number JR6, July.
    14. J. Ryan Lamare & Richard A. Benton & Patricia Michel Tabarani, 2024. "An Empirical Analysis of Race and Political Partisanship Effects on Workplace Mobility Patterns During Lockdown, Reopening, and Endemic COVID-19," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 77(4), pages 475-505, August.
    15. K. Peren Arin & Juan A. & Francisco Lagos & Ana I. Moro-Egido & Marcel Thum, 2022. "Exploring the Hidden Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic. The Role of Urbanization," ThE Papers 22/02, Department of Economic Theory and Economic History of the University of Granada..
    16. Angela Matijczak & Jennifer W. Applebaum & Shanna K. Kattari & Shelby E. McDonald, 2021. "Social Support and Attachment to Pets Moderate the Association between Sexual and Gender Minority Status and the Likelihood of Delaying or Avoiding COVID-19 Testing," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-15, August.
    17. Andrew E. Clark & Huifu Nong & Hongjia Zhu & Rong Zhu, 2021. "Compensating for academic loss: Online learning and student performance during the COVID-19 pandemic," Post-Print halshs-03467128, HAL.
    18. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2023. "Racial disparities in unemployment during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery: The “stubborn,” the “hiccup,” and the “stall”," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(3), pages 480-495, July.
    19. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.
    20. Juan Duran-Vanegas, 2022. "Gender Gaps in the Labor Market Effects of COVID-19: Evidence for Mexico," Trinity Economics Papers tep0422, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics, revised May 2022.
    21. Crossley, Thomas F. & Fisher, Paul & Low, Hamish, 2021. "The heterogeneous and regressive consequences of COVID-19: Evidence from high quality panel data," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    22. Yasuyuki (Yas) Motoyama, 2022. "Is COVID-19 Causing More Business Closures in Poor and Minority Neighborhoods?," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 36(2), pages 124-133, May.
    23. Robert Fairlie & David T. Robinson, 2023. "Racial Differences in Access to Capital for Innovative Start-Ups," Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(1), pages 149-166.
    24. Sang Yoon (Tim) Lee & Minsung Park & Yongseok Shin, 2021. "Hit Harder, Recover Slower? Unequal Employment Effects of the Covid-19 Shock," NBER Working Papers 28354, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    25. Heather Kolakowski & Mardelle McCuskey Shepley & Ellie Valenzuela-Mendoza & Nicolas R. Ziebarth, 2021. "How the COVID-19 Pandemic Will Change Workplaces, Healthcare Markets and Healthy Living: An Overview and Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-19, September.
    26. Kugler, Maurice David & Viollaz, Mariana & Vasconcellos Archer Duque, Daniel & Gaddis, Isis & Newhouse, David Locke & Palacios-Lopez, Amparo & Weber, Michael, 2021. "How Did the COVID-19 Crisis Affect Different Types of Workers in the Developing World?," Jobs Group Papers, Notes, and Guides 33191003, The World Bank.
    27. Rachel Atkins & Lisa Cook & Robert Seamans, 2022. "Discrimination in lending? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 843-865, February.
    28. Maria De Paola & Salvatore Lattanzio, 2023. "Parental labor market penalties during two years of COVID-19," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 749, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    29. Camino-Mogro, Segundo, 2020. "Turbulence in startups: Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on creation of new firms and its capital," MPRA Paper 104502, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    30. Chiara Acquati & Tzuan A. Chen & Isabel Martinez Leal & Shahnjayla K. Connors & Arooba A. Haq & Anastasia Rogova & Stephanie Ramirez & Lorraine R. Reitzel & Lorna H. McNeill, 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Care and Health-Related Quality of Life of Non-Hispanic Black/African American, Hispanic/Latina and Non-Hispanic White Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-16, December.
    31. Jaeger, David A. & Arellano-Bover, Jaime & Karbownik, Krzysztof & Martínez Matute, Marta & Nunley, John M. & Seals Jr., R. Alan & Almunia, Miguel & Alston, Mackenzie & Becker, Sascha O. & Beneito, Pil, 2021. "The Global COVID-19 Student Survey: First Wave Results," IZA Discussion Papers 14419, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    32. Yang, Xiaoliang & Zhou, Peng, 2022. "Wealth inequality and social mobility: A simulation-based modelling approach," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 307-329.
    33. Koppa, Vijetha & West, Jeremy, 2021. "School Reopenings, COVID-19, and Employment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt07w4z6vb, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    34. Finamor, Lucas & Scott, Dana, 2021. "Labor market trends and unemployment insurance generosity during the pandemic," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    35. Lamare, J. Ryan & Benton, Richard A. & Tabarani, Patricia Michel, 2024. "An empirical analysis of race and political partisanship effects on workplace mobility patterns during lockdown, reopening, and endemic COVID-19," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 125302, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    36. Phi-Hung Nguyen & Jung-Fa Tsai & Ihsan Erdem Kayral & Ming-Hua Lin, 2021. "Unemployment Rates Forecasting with Grey-Based Models in the Post-COVID-19 Period: A Case Study from Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-27, July.
    37. Astorquiza-Bustos, Bilver Adrian & Quintero-Peña, Jose Wilmar, 2023. "Who can work from home? A remote working index for an emerging economy," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(10).
    38. Richard Florida & Todd Gabe, 2023. "COVID-19, the New Urban Crisis, and Cities: How COVID-19 Compounds the Influence of Economic Segregation and Inequality on Metropolitan Economic Performance," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 37(4), pages 328-348, November.
    39. Zarifhonarvar, Ali, 2022. "A Survey on the Impact of Covid-19 on the Labor Market," EconStor Preprints 265549, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    40. Ernst Coupet & Ehab Yamani, 2022. "The impact of the coronavirus on African American unemployment: lessons from history," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 56(1), pages 1-18, December.
    41. Wu, Jianxin & Zhan, Xiaoling & Xu, Hui & Ma, Chunbo, 2023. "The economic impacts of COVID-19 and city lockdown: Early evidence from China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 151-165.
    42. Guangyue Wei, 2024. "The Features and Trends of the Economic Literature Related to COVID-19: A Bibliometric Analysis," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(4), pages 15904-15930, December.
    43. Roman, Soraya & Aguiar-Palma, Marina & Machado, Cecilia, 2023. "A tale of two cities: Heterogeneous effects of COVID-19 quarantine on domestic violence in Brazil," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    44. Taiyo Fukai & Hidehiko Ichimura & Keisuke Kawata, 2021. "Describing the impacts of COVID-19 on the labor market in Japan until June 2020," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 72(3), pages 439-470, July.
    45. Cortes, Guido Matias & Forsythe, Eliza, 2021. "Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the CARES act on earnings and inequality," CLEF Working Paper Series 41, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
    46. Aaron J. Staples & Thomas P. Krumel, 2023. "The Paycheck Protection Program and small business performance: Evidence from craft breweries," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 931-956, October.
    47. Ali Zarifhonarvar, 2023. "A Survey on the Impact of Covid-19 on the Labor Market," The Journal of Social Sciences Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, 03-2023.
    48. Muhammad Zubair Chishti, 2023. "COVID-19 and FDI nexus in Pakistan: fresh evidence from QARDL and time-varying casualty techniques," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    49. Giofré, Maela, 2021. "COVID-19 stringency measures and foreign investment: An early assessment," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    50. Katherine Lim & Mike Zabek, 2021. "Women’s Labor Force Exits during COVID-19: Differences by Motherhood, Race, and Ethnicity," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-067r1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), revised 03 Jul 2023.
    51. Nakamura, Nobuyuki & Suzuki, Aya, 2021. "COVID-19 and the intentions to migrate from developing countries: Evidence from online search activities in Southeast Asia," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    52. Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Cristina Borra & Chunbei Wang, 2024. "Asian entrepreneurship in the coronavirus era," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-34, March.
    53. Anna Bocchino & Ester Gilart & Inmaculada Cabrera Roman & Isabel Lepiani, 2021. "Unemployment Syndrome during COVID-19: A Comparison of Three Population Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-9, July.
    54. Williams, DeWayne P. & Jones, Nickolas M. & Holman, E. Alison, 2022. "Racial and ethnic differences in perseverative cognition at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    55. Antonio Chirumbolo & Antonino Callea & Flavio Urbini, 2022. "Living in Liquid Times: The Relationships among Job Insecurity, Life Uncertainty, and Psychosocial Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-20, November.
    56. Andrej KINER & Radoslav ŠTEFANČà K, 2022. "Immigrants on the Slovak labour market: who is more resilient to the impacts of COVID-19?," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 13, pages 60-80, June.
    57. Wichmann, Bruno & Wichmann, Roberta, 2022. "COVID-19 and Indigenous health in the Brazilian Amazon," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    58. D M Welsch & D M Zimmer, 2022. "On the Dynamic Interdependency of Unemployment and COVID-19 Deaths," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 27(1), pages 1-9, March.
    59. Marvin Bürmann & Jannes Jacobsen & Cornelia Kristen & Simon Kühne & Dorian Tsolak, 2022. "Did Immigrants Perceive More Job Insecurity during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic? Evidence from German Panel Data," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-23, May.

  17. Robert Fairlie, 2020. "The impact of COVID‐19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social‐distancing restrictions," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 727-740, October.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  18. Robert W. Fairlie & Javier Miranda & Nikolas Zolas, 2019. "Measuring Job Creation, Growth, and Survival among the Universe of Start-ups in the United States Using a Combined Start-up Panel Data Set," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 72(5), pages 1262-1277, October.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  19. M. Diane Burton & Robert W. Fairlie & Donald Siegel, 2019. "Introduction to a Special Issue on Entrepreneurship and Employment: Connecting Labor Market Institutions, Corporate Demography, and Human Resource Management Practices," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 72(5), pages 1050-1064, October.

    Cited by:

    1. Bennett, Daniel L. & Wagner, Gary & Araki, Michael, 2024. "Labor market reform as an external enabler of high-growth entrepreneurship: A multi-level institutional contingency perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 39(6).
    2. Pankaj C. Patel & Cornelius A. Rietveld, 2023. "Right of association and new business entry: country-level evidence from the market sector," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 1161-1177, October.
    3. Said Muhammad & Ximei Kong & Shahab E. Saqib & Nicholas J. Beutell, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Income and Wellbeing: Women’s Informal Entrepreneurship in a Developing Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-22, September.
    4. N. Sharon Hill & Herman Aguinis & Josiah Drewry & Sanjay Patnaik & Jennifer J. Griffin, 2022. "Using Macro Archival Databases to Expand Theory in Micro Research," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 627-659, May.
    5. Hay, Georgia & Ward, M.K. & Doorn, Sebastiaan van & Parker, Sharon & Schepis, Daniel, 2025. "The role of work design in entrepreneurship: A review and meta-framework," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    6. Adnan Hamid & Hasbullah Hasbullah, 2021. "The Implementation of criminal sanctions as ius puniendi: A case study of entrepreneurs paying below the minimum wage in Indonesia," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(4), pages 535-548, June.
    7. Said Muhammad & Kong Ximei & Shahab E. Saqib & Nicholas J. Beutell, 2021. "Women’s Home-Based Entrepreneurship and Family Financial Position in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-14, November.

  20. Fairlie, Robert W. & Bahr, Peter Riley, 2018. "The effects of computers and acquired skills on earnings, employment and college enrollment: Evidence from a field experiment and California UI earnings records," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 51-63.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  21. Robert W. Fairlie & Javier Miranda, 2017. "Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring Their First Employee," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(1), pages 3-34, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  22. Fairlie, Robert W. & Kalil, Ariel, 2017. "The effects of computers on children's social development and school participation: Evidence from a randomized control experiment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 10-19.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  23. Robert W. Fairlie & Kanika Kapur & Susan Gates, 2016. "Job Lock: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design," Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(1), pages 92-121, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  24. Fairlie Robert W., 2016. "Do Boys and Girls Use Computers Differently, and Does It Contribute to Why Boys do Worse in School Than Girls?," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 59-96, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  25. Robert W. Fairlie & Dean Karlan & Jonathan Zinman, 2015. "Behind the GATE Experiment: Evidence on Effects of and Rationales for Subsidized Entrepreneurship Training," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 125-161, May.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  26. Robert W. Fairlie & Florian Hoffmann & Philip Oreopoulos, 2014. "A Community College Instructor Like Me: Race and Ethnicity Interactions in the Classroom," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(8), pages 2567-2591, August.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  27. Aaron K. Chatterji & Kenneth Y. Chay & Robert W. Fairlie, 2014. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 32(3), pages 507-561.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  28. Robert W. Fairlie & Samantha H. Grunberg, 2014. "Access To Technology And The Transfer Function Of Community Colleges: Evidence From A Field Experiment," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 52(3), pages 1040-1059, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  29. Robert W. Fairlie & Aaron K. Chatterji, 2013. "High‐Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 365-389, June.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  30. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 207-231, June.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  31. Robert W. Fairlie & Jonathan Robinson, 2013. "Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 5(3), pages 211-240, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  32. Robert W. Fairlie & Rebecca A. London, 2012. "The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Community College Students," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 122(561), pages 727-753, June.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  33. Fairlie, Robert W., 2012. "Academic achievement, technology and race: Experimental evidence," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 663-679.

    Cited by:

    1. Hull, Marie C. & Duch, Katherine, 2017. "One-To-One Technology and Student Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 10886, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    3. Patterson, Richard W. & Patterson, Robert M., 2017. "Computers and productivity: Evidence from laptop use in the college classroom," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 66-79.
    4. Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2020. "The effect of educational technology on college students’ labor market performance," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 33(3), pages 1101-1126, July.
    5. Fairlie, Robert W., 2012. "The effects of home access to technology on computer skills: Evidence from a field experiment," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 243-253.
    6. Nick Huntington-Klein & Andrew Gill, 2021. "Semester Course Load and Student Performance," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 62(5), pages 623-650, August.

  34. Fairlie, Robert W., 2012. "The effects of home access to technology on computer skills: Evidence from a field experiment," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 243-253.

    Cited by:

    1. Caldarulo, Mattia & Mossberger, Karen & Howell, Anthony, 2023. "Community-wide broadband adoption and student academic achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1).
    2. Yekaterina Chzhen & Zlata Bruckauf & Emilia Toczydlowska & Frank J. Elgar & Concepcion Moreno-Maldonado & Gonneke W.J.M. Stevens & Dagmar Sigmundová & Geneviève Gariépy, 2018. "Multidimensional Poverty Among Adolescents in 38 Countries: Evidence from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2013/14 Study," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(3), pages 729-753, June.
    3. Robert W. Fairlie & Peter Riley Bahr, 2018. "The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Field Experiment and California UI Earnings Records," NBER Working Papers 24276, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Matthess, Marcel & Kunkel, Stefanie, 2020. "Structural change and digitalization in developing countries: Conceptually linking the two transformations," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    5. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W, 2016. "Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt0rb5x6bf, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    6. German Bet & Julian Cristia & Pablo Ibarraran, 2014. "The Effects of Shared School Technology Access on Students’ Digital Skills in Peru," Research Department Publications IDB-WP-476, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    7. Luca Bonacini & Marina Murat, 2023. "Beyond the Covid-19 pandemic: remote learning and education inequalities," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 50(1), pages 207-236, February.
    8. Hernan Galperin & M. Fernanda Viecens, 2017. "Connected for Development? Theory and evidence about the impact of Internet technologies on poverty alleviation," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 35(3), pages 315-336, May.

  35. Fairlie, Robert W. & Holleran, William, 2012. "Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality traits: Evidence from a random experiment," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 366-378.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  36. Robert Fairlie & Justin Marion, 2012. "Affirmative action programs and business ownership among minorities and women," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(2), pages 319-339, September.

    Cited by:

    1. Aaron K. Chatterji & Kenneth Y. Chay & Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," CESifo Working Paper Series 4182, CESifo.
    2. Bernard Hoekman & Bedri Kamil Onur Taş, 2022. "Procurement policy and SME participation in public purchasing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 383-402, January.
    3. Francisca Antman & Brian Duncan, 2015. "Incentives to Identify: Racial Identity in the Age of Affirmative Action," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 97(3), pages 710-713, July.
    4. Susana C. Santos & Eric W. Liguori & Michael H. Morris & SherRhonda R. Gibbs, 2025. "A racial identity approach to entrepreneurship: the lived experiences of African American and Black entrepreneurs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 599-623, February.
    5. Samantha R. Bradley & Dora Gicheva & Lydia Hassell & Albert N. Link, 2013. "Gender Differences in Access to Private Investment Funding to Support the Development of New Technologies," UNCG Economics Working Papers 13-9, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics.
    6. Lois M. Shelton & Maria Minniti, 2018. "Enhancing product market access: Minority entrepreneurship, status leveraging, and preferential procurement programs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 481-498, March.
    7. Matthew C. Sonfield, 2016. "America’S Largest Black-Owned Companies: A 40-Year Longitudinal Analysis," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(01), pages 1-19, March.
    8. Laura Rondi & Paola Valbonesi, 2017. "Pre- and post-award outsourcing: Temporary partnership versus subcontracting in public procurement," "Marco Fanno" Working Papers 0211, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche "Marco Fanno".
    9. Dora Gicheva & Albert N. Link, 2011. "Leveraging Entrepreneurship through Private Investments: Does Gender Matter?," UNCG Economics Working Papers 11-21, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics.
    10. Justin Marion, 2009. "Firm racial segregation and affirmative action in the highway construction industry," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 441-453, December.

  37. Robert W. Fairlie & Harry A. Krashinsky, 2012. "Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, And Entrepreneurship Revisited," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 58(2), pages 279-306, June.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  38. Fairlie, Robert W. & Kapur, Kanika & Gates, Susan, 2011. "Is employer-based health insurance a barrier to entrepreneurship?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 146-162, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  39. Menzie D. Chinn & Robert W. Fairlie, 2010. "ICT Use in the Developing World: An Analysis of Differences in Computer and Internet Penetration," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(1), pages 153-167, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  40. Robert W. Fairlie & Daniel O. Beltran & Kuntal K. Das, 2010. "HOME COMPUTERS AND EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES: EVIDENCE FROM THE NLSY97 and CPS," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 48(3), pages 771-792, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  41. Lisa J. Servon & Robert W. Fairlie & Blaise Rastello & Amber Seely, 2010. "The Five Gaps Facing Small and Microbusiness Owners: Evidence From New York City," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 24(2), pages 126-142, May.

    Cited by:

    1. Cathy Yang Liu, 2012. "Intrametropolitan Opportunity Structure and the Self-Employment of Asian and Latino Immigrants," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 26(2), pages 178-192, May.

  42. Fairlie Robert & Woodruff Christopher M., 2010. "Mexican-American Entrepreneurship," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-44, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  43. Kenneth Couch & Robert Fairlie, 2010. "Last hired, first fired? black-white unemployment and the business cycle," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 47(1), pages 227-247, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  44. Fairlie, Robert W., 2009. "Can the "one-drop rule" tell us anything about racial discrimination? New evidence from the multiple race question on the 2000 Census," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 451-460, August.

    Cited by:

    1. Randall Akee & Mutlu Yuksel, 2012. "The Decreasing Effect of Skin Tone on Women's Full-Time Employment," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 65(2), pages 398-426, April.
    2. Guang Guo & Yilan Fu & Hedwig Lee & Tianji Cai & Kathleen Mullan Harris & Yi Li, 2014. "Genetic Bio-Ancestry and Social Construction of Racial Classification in Social Surveys in the Contemporary United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(1), pages 141-172, February.
    3. Mary A. Silles, 2019. "The Labor Market Consequences Of Teenage Childbearing," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 37(4), pages 694-713, October.

  45. Robert Fairlie & Alicia Robb, 2009. "Gender differences in business performance: evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners survey," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 375-395, December.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  46. Alicia Robb & Robert Fairlie, 2009. "Determinants of business success: an examination of Asian-owned businesses in the USA," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 22(4), pages 827-858, October.

    Cited by:

    1. J. David Brown & John S. Earle & Mee Jung Kim & Kyung Min Lee, 2017. "High-Growth Entrepreneurship," Working Papers 17-53, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    2. Alex Coad & Julian Frankish & Paul Nightingale & Richard G. Roberts & David J. Storey, 2012. "Business Experience and Start-up Size: Buying More Lottery Tickets Next Time Around?," SPRU Working Paper Series 203, SPRU - Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex Business School.
    3. Lina Aldén & Spencer Bastani & Mats Hammarstedt, 2021. "Ethnic Background and the Value of Self‐Employment Experience: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 83(6), pages 1287-1310, December.
    4. Lina Aldén & Mats Hammarstedt, 2016. "Discrimination in the Credit Market? Access to Financial Capital among Self-employed Immigrants," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(1), pages 3-31, February.
    5. Fardous Alom & Moha Asri Abdullah & Abdul Rashid Moten & S. M. Ferdous Azam, 2016. "Success factors of overall improvement of microenterprises in Malaysia: an empirical study," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    7. Tengeh, RK & Ballard, HB & Slabbert, AS, 2012. "Do immigrant-owned businesses grow financially? An empirical study of African immigrant-owned businesses in the South Africa," MPRA Paper 40610, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Hammarstedt, Mats & Skedinger, Per, 2024. "Immigrant Self-employment in Turbulent Times: A Decade with Refugee Crisis and the COVID-19 Pandemic," Working Paper Series 1497, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    9. Aline Bütikofer & Giovanni Peri, 2017. "Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills and the Selection and Sorting of Migrants," NBER Working Papers 23877, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Aldén, Lina & Hammarstedt, Mats & Miao, Chizheng, 2020. "Financial Capital and Immigrant Self-Employment: Evidence from a Swedish Reform," Working Paper Series 1359, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    11. Hammarstedt, Mats & Miao, Chizheng, 2018. "Self-employed Immigrants and Their Employees: Evidence from Swedish Employer-Employee Data," Working Paper Series 1235, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    12. Martin Mabunda Baluku & Julius Fred Kikooma & Edward Bantu & Kathleen Otto, 2018. "Psychological capital and entrepreneurial outcomes: the moderating role of social competences of owners of micro-enterprises in East Africa," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 8(1), pages 1-23, December.
    13. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Borra, Cristina & Wang, Chunbei, 2021. "Asian Discrimination in the Coronavirus Era: Implications for Business Formation and Survival," IZA Discussion Papers 14182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Mats Hammarstedt & Per Skedinger, 2025. "Immigrant self-employment in turbulent times," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 1023-1046, August.
    15. Nonna Kushnirovich, 2015. "Economic Integration of Immigrant Entrepreneurs," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 3(3), pages 9-27.
    16. León Mendoza, Juan Celestino & Valcárcel Pineda, Paolo, 2022. "Influencia de las características sociodemográficas personales en el éxito empresarial en Perú [Influence of personal sociodemographic characteristics on business success in Peru]," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, vol. 33(1), pages 326-352, June.
    17. Elert, Niklas & Lundin, Erik, 2020. "Gender and Climate Action," Working Paper Series 1332, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 18 Feb 2022.
    18. Yuri Ostrovsky & Garnett Picot & Danny Leung, 2019. "The financing of immigrant-owned firms in Canada," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 303-317, January.
    19. Celestine Katongole & John C. Munene & Muhammed Ngoma & Samuel Dawa & Arthur Sserwanga, 2015. "Entrepreneur’s Intrapersonal Resources and Enterprise Success among Micro and Small Scale Women Entrepreneurs," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 23(04), pages 405-447, December.
    20. Lina Aldén & Spencer Bastani & Mats Hammarstedt & Chizheng Miao, 2022. "Immigrant-native differences in long-term self-employment," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 1661-1697, March.
    21. Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Cristina Borra & Chunbei Wang, 2024. "Asian entrepreneurship in the coronavirus era," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-34, March.
    22. Tengeh, Robertson Khan & Ballard, Harry & Slabbert, Andre, 2011. "Financing the Start-up and Operation of Immigrant-owned Businesses: the path taken by African Immigrants in the Cape Town Metropolitan Area of South Africa," MPRA Paper 38405, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 19 Dec 2011.
    23. Ahmed, Ali & Hammarstedt, Mats, 2018. "Customer Discrimination in the Fast Food Market? Experimental Evidence from a Swedish University Campus," Working Paper Series 1232, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    24. Aldén, Lina & Bastani, Spencer & Hammarstedt, Mats & Miao, Chizheng, 2020. "Ethnic Differences in Long-Term Self-Employment," Working Paper Series 1361, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    25. Emma Neuman, 2021. "Performance and job creation among self-employed immigrants and natives in Sweden," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(1), pages 403-425, January.

  47. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2007. "Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 25(2), pages 289-323.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  48. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia Robb, 2007. "Families, Human Capital, and Small Business: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners Survey," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 60(2), pages 225-245, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  49. Alicia M. Robb & Robert W. Fairlie, 2007. "Access to Financial Capital among U.S. Businesses: The Case of African American Firms," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 613(1), pages 47-72, September.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  50. Menzie D. Chinn & Robert W. Fairlie, 2007. "The determinants of the global digital divide: a cross-country analysis of computer and internet penetration," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 59(1), pages 16-44, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  51. Robert W. Fairlie, 2006. "The Personal Computer and Entrepreneurship," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 52(2), pages 187-203, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  52. Robert Fairlie, 2005. "Entrepreneurship and Earnings among Young Adults from Disadvantaged Families," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 223-236, October.

    Cited by:

    1. Caliendo, Marco & Kritikos, Alexander S., 2007. "Start-Ups by the Unemployed: Characteristics, Survival and Direct Employment Effects," IZA Discussion Papers 3220, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Murat Yalcintas & Oyk㜠Iyigãœn & Gokhan Karabulut, 2023. "Personal Characteristics And Intention For Entrepreneurship," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 68(02), pages 539-561.
    3. Martín-Román, Ángel L. & Moral, Alfonso & Pinillos-Franco, Sara, 2024. "Gender Differences in the Duration of Sick Leave: Economics or Biology," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1542, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    4. Neema Mori, 2015. "Access to Business Development Support Services and Performance of Youth-Owned Enterprises in Tanzania," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 11(2), pages 57-81.
    5. van Praag, Mirjam C. & Versloot, Peter H., 2007. "What Is the Value of Entrepreneurship? A Review of Recent Research," IZA Discussion Papers 3014, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Mirjam van Praag & Arjen van Witteloostuijn & Justin van der Sluis, 2009. "Returns for Entrepreneurs versus Employees: The Effect of Education and Personal Control on the Relative Performance of Entrepreneurs vis-a-vis Wage Employees," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 09-111/3, Tinbergen Institute.
    7. Alina Sorgner & Michael Fritsch & Alexander Kritikos, 2014. "Do Entrepreneurs Really Earn Less?," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1425, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    8. Eddy Tukamushaba & Laura Orobia & Babu George, 2011. "Development of a conceptual model to understand international social entrepreneurship and its application in the Ugandan context," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 282-298, December.
    9. Efendic, Nedim & Andersson, Fredrik W. & Wennberg, Karl, 2015. "Growth in first- and second-generation immigrant firms in Sweden," Ratio Working Papers 265, The Ratio Institute.
    10. Wei Xiao & Mingqin Wu, 2021. "Life-cycle factors and entrepreneurship: evidence from rural China," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 2017-2040, December.
    11. Ruth Oyelere & Willie Belton, 2013. "Black–White gap in self-employment. Does intra-race heterogeneity exist?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 25-39, June.
    12. Lofstrom, Magnus, 2009. "Does Self-Employment Increase the Economic Well-Being of Low-Skilled Workers?," IZA Discussion Papers 4539, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. Joanna Tyrowicz & Joanna Nestorowicz, 2010. "Cynicism Starts Young: Age and Entrepreneurship over Transition," Working Papers 2010-02, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.
    14. Michael Ayikwei Quarshie & Shakeb Akhtar & Donkor Nawaah, 2025. "Barriers to breakthroughs: the crucial role of support services in advancing accounting practices, financial literacy and performance in disability-led SMEs," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 955-977, April.
    15. Mirjam Praag & Arjen van Witteloostuijn & Justin van der Sluis, 2013. "The higher returns to formal education for entrepreneurs versus employees," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 375-396, February.
    16. Lofstrom, Magnus, 2009. "Low-Skilled Immigrant Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 4560, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Maria Noguera & Claudia Alvarez & José M. Merigó & David Urbano, 2015. "Determinants of female entrepreneurship in Spain: an institutional approach," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 341-355, December.
    18. Te Klangboonkrong & Ning Baines, 2021. "Disability entrepreneurship research: review and critical reflection through the lens of individual-opportunity nexus," Working Papers 51, Birkbeck Centre for Innovation Management Research, revised Apr 2021.
    19. M. Thomas, 2009. "The impact of education histories on the decision to become self-employed: a study of young, aspiring, minority business owners," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 455-466, December.
    20. Thor Olav Thoresen, 2009. "Income Mobility of Owners of Small Businesses when Boundaries between Occupations are Vague," CESifo Working Paper Series 2633, CESifo.
    21. Hanjie Wang & Hao Leng & Minglu Yuan, 2025. "From opportunity to inequality: how the rural digital economy shapes intra-rural income distribution," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
    22. Campopiano, Giovanna & De Massis, Alfredo & Rinaldi, Francesca Romana & Sciascia, Salvatore, 2017. "Women’s involvement in family firms: Progress and challenges for future research," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 8(4), pages 200-212.
    23. Gregory N. Price & Chris W. Surprenant, 2022. "The Treatment Effect of Business Education on the Supply of High School Entrepreneurs in Atlanta and New Orleans," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 67(1), pages 85-98, March.
    24. Cirstea Petronela & Anagnoste Sorin, 2023. "Young, Wild & Entrepreneurial: Generation Z’s Affinity for Entrepreneurship," Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, Sciendo, vol. 17(1), pages 930-947, July.

  53. Fairlie, Robert W., 2005. "The effects of home computers on school enrollment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 533-547, October.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  54. Fairlie Robert W, 2004. "Race and the Digital Divide," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 3(1), pages 1-38, September.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  55. Robert W. Fairlie, 2004. "Recent Trends in Ethnic and Racial Business Ownership," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 203-218, October.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  56. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 2003. "The Effect of Immigration on Native Self-Employment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 21(3), pages 619-650, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  57. Betts, Julian R. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2003. "Does immigration induce 'native flight' from public schools into private schools?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(5-6), pages 987-1012, May.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  58. Lori G. Kletzer & Robert W. Fairlie, 2003. "The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement for Young Adult Workers," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 56(4), pages 682-698, July.

    Cited by:

    1. Brantly Callaway, 2020. "Bounds on Distributional Treatment Effect Parameters using Panel Data with an Application on Job Displacement," Papers 2008.08117, arXiv.org.
    2. Inés Hardoy & Pål Schøne, 2013. "No Youth Left behind? The Long-Term Impact of Displacement on Young Workers," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 66(3), pages 342-364, August.
    3. Kunze, Astrid, 2017. "Types of absence from work and wages of young workers with apprenticeship training," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 51(1), pages 1-5.
    4. Krebs, Tom & Scheffel, Martin, 2019. "Optimal Social Insurance and Rising Labor Market Risk," IZA Discussion Papers 12128, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Melissa Bjelland, 2005. "Are the Lasting Effects of Employee-Employer Separations induced by Layoff and Disability Similar? Exploring Job Displacement using Survey and Administrative Data," Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Technical Papers 2005-03, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    6. Orazem, Peter & Vodopivec, Milan & Wu, Ruth, 1995. "Worker displacement during the transition : experience from Slovenia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1449, The World Bank.
    7. Jolly, Nicholas A. & Propp, Margaret H., 2024. "Young adult job loss and criminal activity," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1460, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    8. Nawakitphaitoon, Kritkorn & Ormiston, Russell, 2015. "Occupational human capital and earnings losses of displaced workers: does the degree of similarity between pre- and post-displacement occupations matter? (Berufliches Humankapital und Einkommensverlus," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 48(1), pages 57-73.
    9. Victor Ortego-Marti, 2015. "Loss of Skill during Unemployment and TFP Differences across Countries," Working Papers 201513, University of California at Riverside, Department of Economics.
    10. Kritkorn Nawakitphaitoon & Russell Ormiston, 2015. "Occupational human capital and earnings losses of displaced workers: does the degree of similarity between pre- and post-displacement occupations matter? [Berufliches Humankapital und Einkommensver," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 48(1), pages 57-73, March.
    11. Patrick Coate & Pawel Krolikowski & Mike Zabek, 2019. "Parental Proximity and Earnings After Job Displacements," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2019-062, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    12. Chiara Binelli, 2019. "Employment and Earnings Expectations of Jobless Young Skilled: Evidence from Italy," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 145(1), pages 201-231, August.
    13. Brox, James A. & Carvalho, Emanuel, 2008. "A Demographically Augmented Shift-Share Employment Analysis: An Application to Canadian Employment Patterns," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 38(01), pages 1-11.
    14. Huttunen, Kristiina & Moen, Jarle & Salvanes, Kjell G., 2006. "How Destructive Is Creative Destruction? The Costs of Worker Displacement," IZA Discussion Papers 2316, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    15. Philip Ball, 2011. "Mixed Signals: to what extent does male wage scarring vary with the characteristics of the local labour market in which unemployment was experienced?," Discussion Papers 11/13, University of Nottingham, School of Economics.
    16. Kunze, Astrid & Troske, Kenneth R., 2012. "Life-cycle patterns in male/female differences in job search," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 176-185.
    17. Leo Kaas & Carlos Carrillo-Tudela, 2015. "Worker Mobility in a Search Model with Adverse Selection," 2015 Meeting Papers 351, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    18. Carlos Henrique Corseuil & Miguel Foguel & Gustavo Gonzaga & Eduardo Pontual Ribeiro, 2014. "Youth Turnover in Brazil: Job and Worker Flows and an Evaluation of a Youth-Targeted Training Program," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0155, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    19. Afrouz Azadikhah Jahromi & Brantly Callaway, 2022. "Heterogeneous Effects of Job Displacement on Earnings," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 213-245, January.
    20. Lehmann, Hartmut & Muravyev, Alexander & Razzolini, Tiziano & Zaiceva, Anzelika, 2010. "The Costs of Job Loss in Russia," IZA Discussion Papers 5415, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    21. Corinna Ghirelli, 2015. "Scars of early non-employment for low educated youth: evidence and policy lessons from Belgium," IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 4(1), pages 1-34, December.
    22. Brantly Callaway, 2017. "Job Displacement during the Great Recession: Tight Bounds on Distributional Treatment Effect Parameters using Panel Data," DETU Working Papers 1703, Department of Economics, Temple University.
    23. Barnette Justin & Odongo Kennedy & Reynolds C. Lockwood, 2021. "Changes Over Time in the Cost of Job Loss for Young Men and Women," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 21(1), pages 335-378, January.
    24. Simone Balestra & Uschi Backes-Gellner, 2017. "When a Door Closes, a Window Opens? Long-Term Labor Market Effects of Involuntary Separations," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 18(1), pages 1-21, February.
    25. Andrea Ichino & Guido Schwerdt & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer & Josef Zweimüller, 2007. "Too Old to Work, Too Young to Retire?," Economics working papers 2007-15, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    26. Bruce Fallick & Pawel Krolikowski, 2019. "Excess Persistence in Employment of Disadvantaged Workers," Working Papers 18-01R, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    27. Tom Krebs, 2005. "Job Displacement Risk and the Cost of Business Cycles," 2005 Meeting Papers 188, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    28. Bauer, Thomas K. & Bender, Stefan & Paloyo, Alfredo R. & Schmidt, Christoph M., 2014. "Do guns displace books? The impact of compulsory military service on educational attainment," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 124(3), pages 513-515.
    29. Patrick Bennett, 2021. "The Work-To-School Transition: Job Displacement and Skill Upgrading among Young High School Dropouts," CESifo Working Paper Series 9417, CESifo.
    30. Stijn Baert & Dieter Verhaest, 2014. "Unemployment or Overeducation: Which is a Worse Signal to Employers?," Working Papers of Department of Economics, Leuven 606899, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Department of Economics, Leuven.
    31. Bart Cockx & Matteo Picchio, 2013. "Scarring effects of remaining unemployed for long-term unemployed school-leavers," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 176(4), pages 951-980, October.
    32. Kosovich Stephen M, 2010. "The Value of Layoffs and Labor Market Conditions as Signals of Worker Quality," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, March.
    33. Abigail Wozniak, 2010. "Are College Graduates More Responsive to Distant Labor Market Opportunities?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 45(4), pages 944-970.
    34. William T. Dickens & Robert K. Triest, 2012. "Potential effects of the Great Recession on the U.S. labor market," Working Papers 12-9, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    35. Eliasson, Kent & Hansson, Pär, 2013. "Are workers more vulnerable in tradable industries?," Working Paper Series, Center for Labor Studies 2013:16, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    36. Carrillo-Tudela, Carlos & Burdett, Kenneth & Coles, Melvyn G, 2020. "The Cost of Job Loss," CEPR Discussion Papers 14428, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    37. Milan Vodopivec & Primoz Dolenc:, 2008. "Live Longer, Work Longer: Making It Happen in the Labor Market," Financial Theory and Practice, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 32(1), pages 65-81.
    38. Stephen M. Kosovich, 2009. "How do firms interpret a job loss? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(2), pages 1070-1086.
    39. Pieters, Janneke, 2013. "Youth Employment in Developing Countries," IZA Research Reports 58, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    40. Mattia Filomena, 2021. "Unemployment Scarring Effects: A Symposium On Empirical Literature," Working Papers 453, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    41. Brzinsky-Fay, Christian, 2017. "The interplay of educational and labour market institutions and links to relative youth unemployment," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 27(4), pages 346-359.
    42. Roger White, 2010. "Long-run wage and earnings losses of displaced workers," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(14), pages 1845-1856.
    43. Lehmann, Hartmut & Muravyev, Alexander & Razzolini, Tiziano & Zaiceva, Anzelika, 2013. "The wage and non-wage costs of displacement in boom times: Evidence from Russia," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(4), pages 1184-1201.
    44. Matteo PICCHIO & Stefano STAFFOLANI, 2013. "Does Apprenticeship Improve Job Opportunities? A Regression Discontinuity Approach," Working Papers 393, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    45. Paul Jackson & Victor Ortego-Marti, 2021. "Skill Loss during Unemployment and the Scarring Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic," Working Papers 202104, University of California at Riverside, Department of Economics.
    46. Bassanini, Andrea & Garnero, Andrea, 2012. "Dismissal Protection and Worker Flows in OECD Countries: Evidence from Cross-Country/Cross-Industry Data," IZA Discussion Papers 6535, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    47. Salvanes, Kjell G. & Willage, Barton & Willén, Alexander, 2021. "The Effect of Labor Market Shocks Across the Life Cycle," Discussion Paper Series in Economics 21/2021, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics.
    48. Roger White, 2008. "State and Regional Variation in the Effects of Trade on Job Displacement in the US Manufacturing Sector, 1982–1999," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 347-364, December.
    49. Aaron B. Flaaen & Matthew D. Shapiro & Isaac Sorkin, 2017. "Reconsidering the Consequences of Worker Displacements: Firm versus Worker Perspective," NBER Working Papers 24077, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    50. Hartmut Lehmann & Alexander Muravyev & Tiziano Razzolini & Anzelika Zaiceva, 2011. "The Wage and Non-wage Costs of Displacement: Evidence from Russia," Center for Economic Research (RECent) 060, University of Modena and Reggio E., Dept. of Economics "Marco Biagi".
    51. López-Martín Bernabé & Takayama Naoki, 2015. "The Blighted Youth: The Impact of Recessions and Policies on Life-Cycle Unemployment," Working Papers 2015-22, Banco de México.
    52. Székely, Miguel & Karver, Jonathan, 2021. "Youth Out of School and Out of Work in Latin America: A Cohort Approach," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    53. Thomas A. Mroz & Timothy H. Savage, 2006. "The Long-Term Effects of Youth Unemployment," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 41(2).
    54. Corinna GHIRELLI, 2015. "Scars of early non-employment in a rigid labour market," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2015008, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    55. Astrid Kunze, 2017. "Types of absence from work and wages of young workers with apprenticeship training," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 51(1), pages 1-14, December.
    56. Fares, Jean & Tiongson, Erwin R., 2007. "Youth unemployment, labor market transitions, and scarring : evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2001-04," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4183, The World Bank.
    57. Mattia Filomena, 2024. "Unemployment Scarring Effects: An Overview and Meta-analysis of Empirical Studies," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 10(2), pages 459-518, July.
    58. Jason M. Lindo, 2010. "Are Children Really Inferior Goods? Evidence from Displacement-Driven Income Shocks," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 45(2).
    59. Tian, Xinping & Gong, Jinquan & Zhai, Zhe, 2022. "The effect of job displacement on labor market outcomes: Evidence from the Chinese state-owned enterprise reform," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    60. Corinna.Ghirelli, 2014. "The scarring effect of early non-employment," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 14/895, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    61. S. Elif Filiz, 2016. "Mothers’ Involuntary Job Loss and Children’s Academic Achievement," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 37(1), pages 98-127, March.
    62. Kenneth A. Couch & Dana W. Placzek, 2010. "Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers Revisited," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 100(1), pages 572-589, March.
    63. Jolly, Nicholas A. & Phelan, Brian J., 2015. "Job displacement’s long-run effect on access to employer-provided health insurance and other fringe benefits," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 100-104.
    64. Jolly Nicholas A. & Davis Gwendolyn, 2022. "Young adult substance use following involuntary job loss," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 12(1), pages 1-45, January.
    65. Fujii, Mayu & Shiraishi, Kousuke & Takayama, Noriyuki, 2018. "The effects of early job separation on later life outcomes," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 68-84.
    66. Dickens William T. & Triest Robert K., 2012. "Potential Effects of the Great Recession on the U.S. Labor Market," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 12(3), pages 1-41, October.

  59. Robert Fairlie, 2002. "Private schools and “Latino flight” from black schoolchildren," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 39(4), pages 655-674, November.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  60. Robert W. Fairlie & Alexandra M. Resch, 2002. "Is There "White Flight" Into Private Schools? Evidence From The National Educational Longitudinal Survey," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(1), pages 21-33, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  61. Robert W. Fairlie, 2002. "Drug Dealing and Legitimate Self-Employment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 20(3), pages 538-567, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  62. Betts, Julian R. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2001. "Explaining Ethnic, Racial, and Immigrant Differences in Private School Attendance," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 26-51, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  63. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 2000. "Trends in Self-Employment among White and Black Men during the Twentieth Century," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 35(4), pages 643-669.

    Cited by:

    1. Aaron K. Chatterji & Kenneth Y. Chay & Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," CESifo Working Paper Series 4182, CESifo.
    2. David G. Blanchflower & Jon Wainwright, 2005. "An Analysis of the Impact of Affirmative Action Programs on Self-Employment in the Construction Industry," NBER Working Papers 11793, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Job Boerma & Loukas Karabarbounis, 2022. "Reparations and Persistent Racial Wealth Gaps," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2022, volume 37, pages 171-221, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Rajesh Ramachandran & Christopher Rauh, 2018. "Discrimination without taste: how discrimination can spillover and persist," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 249-274, August.
    5. Daniel Albuquerque & Tomer Ifergane, 2023. "The Racial Wealth Gap: the Role of Entrepreneurship," Discussion Papers 2310, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    6. Orazem, Peter F & Jolly, Robert & Yu, Li, 2015. "Once an entrepreneur, always an entrepreneur? The impacts of skills developed before, during and after college on firm start-ups," ISU General Staff Papers 201501010800001281, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    7. Frijters, Paul & Kong, Tao Sherry & Meng, Xin, 2011. "Migrant Entrepreneurs and Credit Constraints under Labour Market Discrimination," IZA Discussion Papers 5967, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Gregory N. Price, 2012. "Race, Trust in Government, and Self-Employment," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 57(2), pages 171-187, November.
    9. Yu, Li & Orazem, Peter F. & Jolly, Robert W., 2014. "Entrepreneurship over the business cycle," ISU General Staff Papers 201402010800001345, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    10. Kim, Mee Jung & Lee, Kyung Min & Brown, J. David & Earle, John S., 2021. "Black Entrepreneurs, Job Creation, and Financial Constraints," IZA Discussion Papers 14403, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Ayanna Stephens & Abede Mack & Priscilla Bahaw, 2024. "Who they are, and what they do: perspectives on work–life balance among entrepreneurs and wage earners," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    12. Mikael Stenkula, 2012. "Taxation and entrepreneurship in a welfare state," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 77-97, July.
    13. Amelie Constant & Yochanan Shachmurove, 2005. "The comparison of incomes of self-employed and salaried workers among German Nationals and immigrants," PIER Working Paper Archive 05-030, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania.
    14. Craig Sylvera, 2025. "Black Mayors and Black Communities," Working Papers 25-07, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    15. Peter van der Zwan & Jolanda Hessels & Cornelius A. Rietveld, 2015. "The Pleasures and Pains of Self-Employment: A Panel Data Analysis of Satisfaction with Life, Work, and Leisure," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 15-099/VII, Tinbergen Institute.
    16. Blanchflower, David G., 2007. "Entrepreneurship in the United States," IZA Discussion Papers 3130, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Morgan, Horatio M., 2013. "Equity-based Financial Slack and New Venture Performance: Evidence from matched single-founder ventures," MPRA Paper 50291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Simoes, Nadia & Moreira, Sandrina B. & Crespo, Nuno, 2013. "Individual Determinants of Self-Employment Entry – What Do We Really Know?," MPRA Paper 48403, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Joseph G. Altonji & Ulrich Doraszelski, 2001. "The Role of Permanent Income and Demographics in Black/White Differences in Wealth," NBER Working Papers 8473, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Ruth Oyelere & Willie Belton, 2013. "Black–White gap in self-employment. Does intra-race heterogeneity exist?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 25-39, June.
    21. Ellen R. Rissman, 2003. "Self-employment as an alternative to unemployment," Working Paper Series WP-03-34, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    22. van der Zwan, Peter & Hessels, Jolanda & Rietveld, Cornelius A., 2018. "Self-employment and satisfaction with life, work, and leisure," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 73-88.
    23. Daniela Grieco, 2007. "The entrepreneurial decision: Theories, determinants and constraints," KITeS Working Papers 200, KITeS, Centre for Knowledge, Internationalization and Technology Studies, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised May 2007.
    24. W. Allen & William Curington, 2014. "The Self-Employment of Men and Women: What are their Motivations?," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 143-161, June.
    25. Agnieszka Brzozowska, 2018. "Vietnamese and Chinese Culture and Motives for Being an Entrepreneur Among Immigrants From Vietnam and China Settled in Poland (Wietnamska i chinska kultura oraz motywy przedsiebiorcze wsrod imigranto," Research Reports, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management, vol. 2(29), pages 33-40.
    26. William D. Bradford, 2014. "The “Myth†That Black Entrepreneurship Can Reduce the Gap in Wealth Between Black and White Families," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 28(3), pages 254-269, August.
    27. Conen, Wieteke & Schippers, Joop & Schulze Buschoff, Karin, 2016. "Solo-Selbstständigkeit - Zwischen Freiheit und Unsicherheit: Ein deutsch-niederländischer Vergleich," WSI Working Papers 206, The Institute of Economic and Social Research (WSI), Hans Böckler Foundation.
    28. Orkhan Nadirov & Bruce Dehning, 2020. "Tax Progressivity and Entrepreneurial Dynamics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-21, April.
    29. Conen, Wieteke & Schippers, Johannes Jan & Schulze Buschoff, Karin, 2016. "Self-employed without personnel between freedom and insecurity," WSI Studies 05, The Institute of Economic and Social Research (WSI), Hans Böckler Foundation.
    30. Ahmet Akyol & Kartik Athreya, 2009. "Self-employment rates and business size: the roles of occupational choice and credit market frictions," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 5(3), pages 495-519, June.
    31. Ellen R. Rissman, 2006. "The self-employment duration of younger men over the business cycle," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, vol. 30(Q III), pages 14-27.
    32. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2007. "Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 25(2), pages 289-323.
    33. Susana C. Santos & Eric W. Liguori & Michael H. Morris & SherRhonda R. Gibbs, 2025. "A racial identity approach to entrepreneurship: the lived experiences of African American and Black entrepreneurs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 599-623, February.
    34. Robert Singh & Micah Crump, 2007. "Educational Attainment: A Key Factor for Improving the Lagging Rate of Black Entrepreneurship," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 34(3), pages 217-229, December.
    35. Boyd, Robert L., 2008. "Trends in the occupations of eminent black entrepreneurs in the United States," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2390-2398, December.
    36. P. Köllinger & M. Minniti, 2006. "Not for Lack of Trying: American Entrepreneurship in Black and White," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 59-79, August.
    37. Peake, Whitney O. & Marshall, Maria I., 2009. "Has the "Farm Problem" Disappeared? A Comparison of Household and Self-Employment Income Levels of the Farm and Nonfarm Self-Employed," 2009 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia 46304, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    38. Minns, Chris & Rizov, Marian, 2005. "The spirit of capitalism? Ethnicity, religion, and self-employment in early 20th century Canada," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 259-281, April.
    39. Yuliya Demyanyk, 2006. "U.S. banking deregulation and self-employment: a differential impact on those in need," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2006-01, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    40. Wolfe, Marcus T. & Patel, Pankaj C., 2017. "Persistent and repetitive: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and self-employment," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 125-137.
    41. Fairchild, Gregory B., 2008. "Residential segregation influences on the likelihood of black and white self-employment," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 46-74, January.
    42. Matthew C. Sonfield, 2016. "America’S Largest Black-Owned Companies: A 40-Year Longitudinal Analysis," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(01), pages 1-19, March.
    43. Frank van Es & Daniel van Vuuren, 2010. "A decomposition of the growth in self-employment," CPB Discussion Paper 145, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    44. Morgan, Horatio M., 2013. "Equity-based Financial Slack and New Venture Performance: Evidence from matched single-founder ventures," MPRA Paper 50325, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    45. Benjamin A. Campbell, 2013. "Earnings Effects of Entrepreneurial Experience: Evidence from the Semiconductor Industry," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 59(2), pages 286-304, February.
    46. Robert B. Williams, 2017. "Wealth Privilege and the Racial Wealth Gap: A Case Study in Economic Stratification," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 44(3), pages 303-325, December.
    47. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth & Belton, Willie, 2008. "The Role of Information and Institutions in Understanding the Black-White Gap in Self-Employment," IZA Discussion Papers 3761, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    48. Åsa Hansson, 2012. "Tax policy and entrepreneurship: empirical evidence from Sweden," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 495-513, May.
    49. Marios Michaelides, 2017. "Nascent Entrepreneurship and Race: Evidence from the GATE Experiment," University of Cyprus Working Papers in Economics 02-2017, University of Cyprus Department of Economics.
    50. Bogan, Vicki & Darity Jr., William, 2008. "Culture and entrepreneurship? African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1999-2019, October.
    51. David Blanchflower, 2009. "Minority self-employment in the United States and the impact of affirmative action programs," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 5(3), pages 361-396, June.
    52. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2008. "Race and Entrepreneurial Success: Black-, Asian-, and White-Owned Businesses in the United States," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 026206281x, December.
    53. Blanchflower, David G. & Shadforth, Chris, 2007. "Entrepreneurship in the UK," IZA Discussion Papers 2818, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    54. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth & Belton, Willie, 2009. "Coming to America: Does Immigrant's Home Country Economic Status Impact the Probability of Self-Employment in the U.S.?," IZA Discussion Papers 4178, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    55. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr & Tina Xu, 2017. "Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature," NBER Working Papers 24097, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    56. Mats Hammarstedt, 2006. "The predicted earnings differential and immigrant self-employment in Sweden," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(6), pages 619-630.
    57. Caio Waisman & João Manoel Pinho de Mello & Eduardo Zilberman, 2013. "The Effects of Exposure to Hyperinflation on Occupational Choice," Textos para discussão 614, Department of Economics PUC-Rio (Brazil).
    58. Nzinga Broussard & Ralph Chami & Gregory Hess, 2015. "(Why) Do self-employed parents have more children?," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 297-321, June.
    59. Fairchild, Gregory B., 2010. "Intergenerational ethnic enclave influences on the likelihood of being self-employed," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 290-304, May.
    60. Fairchild, Gregory B., 2008. "The influence of residential segregation and its correlates on ethnic enterprise in urban areas," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 513-527, September.
    61. Stephan F. Gohmann, 2012. "Institutions, Latent Entrepreneurship, and Self–Employment: An International Comparison," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(2), pages 295-321, March.
    62. Saridakis, George & Marlow, Susan & Storey, David J., 2014. "Do different factors explain male and female self-employment rates?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 345-362.
    63. Boyd, Robert L., 2003. "Were black entrepreneurs displaced from the retail trade by white immigrant merchants? A study of northern cities in the early twentieth century," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 447-455, September.
    64. Kleinhempel, Johannes & Klasing, Mariko & Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd, 2022. "Cultural Roots of Entrepreneurship," MPRA Paper 115942, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  64. Robert W. Fairlie & William A. Sundstrom, 1999. "The Emergence, Persistence, and Recent Widening of the Racial Unemployment Gap," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 52(2), pages 252-270, January.

    Cited by:

    1. Robert W. Fairlie & Kenneth Couch & Huanan Xu, 2020. "The Impacts of COVID-19 on Minority Unemployment: First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata," NBER Working Papers 27246, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2020. "Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. FANG Zheng & Chris SAKELLARIOU, 2010. "Discrimination in the Equilibrium Search Model with Wage-Tenure Contracts," Economic Growth Centre Working Paper Series 1004, Nanyang Technological University, School of Social Sciences, Economic Growth Centre.
    4. Horrace, William C. & Oaxaca, Ronald L., 2003. "New Wine in Old Bottles: A Sequential Estimation Technique for the LPM," IZA Discussion Papers 703, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Peter McHenry, 2012. "The Relationship between Location Choice and Earnings Inequality," Working Papers 118, Economics Department, William & Mary.
    6. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 1999. "Trends in Self-Employment Among White and Black Men: 1910-1990," NBER Working Papers 7182, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Kuhelika De & Ryan A. Compton & Daniel C. Giedeman & Gary A. Hoover, 2021. "Macroeconomic shocks and racial labor market differences," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 88(2), pages 680-704, October.
    8. Roland Rathelot, 2014. "Ethnic differentials on the labor market in the presence of asymmetric spatial sorting: Set identification and estimation," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 1411, Rockwool Foundation Berlin (RF Berlin).
    9. Rebitzer, James B. & Taylor, Lowell J., 2011. "Extrinsic Rewards and Intrinsic Motives: Standard and Behavioral Approaches to Agency and Labor Markets," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 8, pages 701-772, Elsevier.
    10. Harry J. Holzer & Paul Offner, 2001. "Trends in Employment Outcomes of Young Black Men, 1979-2000," JCPR Working Papers 245, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.
    11. Romain Aeberhardt & Élise Coudin & Roland Rathelot, 2017. "The heterogeneity of ethnic employment gaps," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 30(1), pages 307-337, January.
    12. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2023. "Racial disparities in unemployment during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery: The “stubborn,” the “hiccup,” and the “stall”," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(3), pages 480-495, July.
    13. Kuhelika De & Ryan A. Compton & Daniel C. Giedeman & Gary A. Hoover, 2019. "Macroeconomic Shocks and Racial Labour Market Differences in the U.S," CESifo Working Paper Series 8004, CESifo.
    14. Herve Queneau & Amit Sen, 2009. "Regarding the unemployment gap by race and gender in the United States," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(4), pages 2749-2757.
    15. Horrace, William C. & Oaxaca, Ronald L., 2006. "Results on the bias and inconsistency of ordinary least squares for the linear probability model," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 90(3), pages 321-327, March.
    16. Bradley T. Ewing & William Levernier & Farooq Malik, 2002. "The Differential Effects of Output Shocks on Unemployment Rates by Race and Gender," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 68(3), pages 584-599, January.
    17. Christopher J. O'Leary & Robert A. Straits, 2000. "Intergovernmental Relations and Employment Policy: The United States Experience," Upjohn Working Papers 00-60, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    18. Du, Tianyu & Kanodia, Ayush & Brunborg, Herman & Vafa, Keyon & Athey, Susan, 2024. "Labor-LLM: Language-Based Occupational Representations with Large Language Models," Research Papers 4188, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    19. Rowland, Neil & McVicar, Duncan & Shuttleworth, Ian, 2018. "The Evolution of Catholic-Protestant Labour Market Inequality in Northern Ireland, 1983-2014," IZA Discussion Papers 11633, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2008. "Last Hired, First Fired? Black-White Unemployment and the Business Cycle," IZA Discussion Papers 3713, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    21. Mark Ellis & John Odland, 2001. "Intermetropolitan Variation in the Labour Force Participation Rates of White and Black Men in the United States," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 38(13), pages 2327-2348, December.
    22. Keyon Vafa & Emil Palikot & Tianyu Du & Ayush Kanodia & Susan Athey & David M. Blei, 2022. "CAREER: A Foundation Model for Labor Sequence Data," Papers 2202.08370, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2024.
    23. Mohamed Arouri & Adel Ben Youssef & Cuong Nguyen, 2016. "Ethnic and Racial Disparities in Children's Education: Comparative Evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam," GREDEG Working Papers 2016-25, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    24. Tomaz Cajner & Tyler Radler & David Ratner & Ivan Vidangos, 2017. "Racial Gaps in Labor Market Outcomes in the Last Four Decades and over the Business Cycle," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2017-071, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    25. Patrick Bayer & Kerwin Kofi Charles, 2016. "Divergent Paths: Structural Change, Economic Rank, and the Evolution of Black-White Earnings Differences, 1940-2014," NBER Working Papers 22797, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    26. Peter R. Mueser & Marios Michaelides, 2010. "The Role of Industry and Occupation in U.S. Unemployment Differentials by Gender, Race and Ethnicity: Recent Trends," Working Papers 1010, Department of Economics, University of Missouri.
    27. Costas Cavounidis & Kevin Lang, 2015. "Discrimination and Worker Evaluation," NBER Working Papers 21612, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    28. Fidan Ana Kurtulus, 2016. "The Impact of Affirmative Action on the Employment of Minorities and Women: A Longitudinal Analysis Using Three Decades of EEO‐1 Filings," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(1), pages 34-66, January.

  65. Fairlie, Robert W, 1999. "The Absence of the African-American Owned Business: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Self-Employment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 17(1), pages 80-108, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  66. Fairlie, Robert W & Sundstrom, William A, 1997. "The Racial Unemployment Gap in Long-Run Perspective," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 87(2), pages 306-310, May.

    Cited by:

    1. Robert W. Fairlie & Kenneth Couch & Huanan Xu, 2020. "The Impacts of COVID-19 on Minority Unemployment: First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata," NBER Working Papers 27246, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W. & Xu, Huanan, 2020. "Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Fairlie, Robert, 2016. "Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4542h7rq, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    4. William Sites & Virginia Parks, 2011. "What Do We Really Know About Racial Inequality? Labor Markets, Politics, and the Historical Basis of Black Economic Fortunes," Politics & Society, , vol. 39(1), pages 40-73, March.
    5. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert W. Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2023. "Racial disparities in unemployment during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery: The “stubborn,” the “hiccup,” and the “stall”," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(3), pages 480-495, July.
    6. Zeman, Klarka & Frenette, Marc, 2007. "Why Are Most University Students Women? Evidence Based on Academic Performance, Study Habits and Parental Influences," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2007303e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    7. Todd M. Gabe & Richard Florida, 2013. "Effects of the Housing Boom and Bust on U.S. Metro Employment," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(3), pages 391-414, September.
    8. Neil Garston & Tom Larson & Madhu S. Mohanty, 2006. "A Voucher Supplement To Existing Anti-Discrimination Programs In The Job Market," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 32(2), pages 331-354, Spring.
    9. Luca Paolo Merlino, 2012. "Discrimination, technology and unemployment," Post-Print hal-01263757, HAL.
    10. Couch, Kenneth A. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2008. "Last Hired, First Fired? Black-White Unemployment and the Business Cycle," IZA Discussion Papers 3713, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Frenette, Marc, 2007. "Why Are Youth from Lower-income Families Less Likely to Attend University? Evidence from Academic Abilities, Parental Influences, and Financial Constraints," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2007295e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    12. P. Köllinger & M. Minniti, 2006. "Not for Lack of Trying: American Entrepreneurship in Black and White," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 59-79, August.
    13. Todd Gabe & Richard Florida & Charlotta Mellander, 2012. "The Creative Class and the crisis," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 6(1), pages 37-53.
    14. Latzer, Barry, 2018. "Subcultures of violence and African American crime rates," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 41-49.
    15. Donald Freeman, 2011. "On (not) Closing the Gaps: The Evolution of National and Regional Unemployment Rates by Race and Ethnicity," Working Papers 1101, Sam Houston State University, Department of Economics and International Business.
    16. Yolanda Kodrzycki, 2000. "Discouraged and other marginally attached workers: evidence on their role in the labor market," New England Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, issue May, pages 35-40.
    17. Karen Gibson & William Darity & Samuel Myers, 1998. "Revisiting Occupational Crowding in the United States: A Preliminary Study," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(3), pages 73-95.
    18. Arthur Sakamoto & Christopher R. Tamborini & ChangHwan Kim, 2018. "Long-Term Earnings Differentials Between African American and White Men by Educational Level," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(1), pages 91-116, February.
    19. Katharine L. Bradbury, 2000. "Rising tide in the labor market: to what degree do expansions benefit the disadvantaged?," New England Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, issue May, pages 3-33.
    20. Frenette, Marc, 2007. "Pourquoi les jeunes provenant de familles a plus faible revenu sont-ils moins susceptibles de frequenter l'universite? Analyse fondee sur les aptitudes aux etudes, l'influence des parents et les contr," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2007295f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    21. Devah Pager, 2007. "The Use of Field Experiments for Studies of Employment Discrimination: Contributions, Critiques, and Directions for the Future," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 609(1), pages 104-133, January.
    22. Hope Bodenschatz & Gerald Eric Daniels Jr. & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2023. "Decomposing Lifetime-Earnings Differences between White, Black, and Hispanic Families," Working Papers 23-14, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.

  67. Robert W. Fairlie & Rebecca A. London, 1997. "The effect of incremental benefit levels on births to AFDC recipients," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(4), pages 575-597.

    Cited by:

    1. Gregory Acs & Sandi Nelson, 2004. "Changes in living arrangements during the late 1990s: Do welfare policies matter?," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(2), pages 273-290.
    2. Dyer, Wendy Tanisha & Fairlie, Robert W., 2003. "Do Family Caps Reduce Out-of-Wedlock Births? Evidence from Arkansas, Georgia, Indiana, New Jersey and Virginia," Center Discussion Papers 28431, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
    3. Chen, Shuo & Xie, Bin, 2025. "The abolition of People’s Communes and fertility decline in rural China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    4. Fein, David J., 2001. "Will welfare reform influence marriage and fertility? Early evidence from the ABC demonstration," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 24(4), pages 427-444, November.
    5. Rebecca M. Blank, 2002. "Evaluating Welfare Reform in the United States," NBER Working Papers 8983, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Parada, Cecilia, 2024. "Fertility responses to cash transfers in Uruguay," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    7. Melissa Schettini Kearney, 2004. "Is There an Effect of Incremental Welfare Benefits on Fertility Behavior?: A Look at the Family Cap," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 39(2).
    8. Rannveig Kaldager Hart & Taryn A. Galloway, 2023. "Universal Transfers, Tax Breaks and Fertility: Evidence from a Regional Reform in Norway," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(3), pages 1-32, June.
    9. Santiago Garganta & Leonardo Gasparini & Mariana Marchionni & Mariano Tappatá, 2017. "The Effect of Cash Transfers on Fertility: Evidence from Argentina," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(1), pages 1-24, February.
    10. Kevin Milligan, 2005. "Subsidizing the Stork: New Evidence on Tax Incentives and Fertility," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 87(3), pages 539-555, August.
    11. Phillip B. Levine, 2001. "The Sexual Activity and Birth-Control Use of American Teenagers," NBER Chapters, in: Risky Behavior among Youths: An Economic Analysis, pages 167-218, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Joseph Sabia, 2008. "Blacks and the family cap: pregnancy, abortion, and spillovers," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 21(1), pages 111-134, January.
    13. Kelaher, Margaret & Dunt, David & Dodson, Sarity, 2007. "Unemployment, contraceptive behaviour and reproductive outcomes among young Australian women," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 95-101, June.
    14. Ann Horvath-Rose & H. Peters & Joseph Sabia, 2008. "Capping Kids: The Family Cap and Nonmarital Childbearing," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 27(2), pages 119-138, April.
    15. Ted Joyce & Robert Kaestner & Sanders Korenman & Stanley Henshaw, 2004. "Family Cap Provisions and Changes in Births and Abortions," NBER Working Papers 10214, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Michael J. Camasso, 2004. "Isolating the Family Cap Effect on Fertility Behavior: Evidence From New Jersey's Family Development Program Experiment," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 22(4), pages 453-467, October.
    17. Ann E. Horvath-Rose & H. Elizabeth Peters, 2000. "Welfare Waivers and Non-Marital Childbearing," JCPR Working Papers 128, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.
    18. Reagan Baughman & Stacy Dickert-Conlin, 2009. "The earned income tax credit and fertility," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 22(3), pages 537-563, July.
    19. Jagannathan, Radha & Camasso, Michael J., 2011. "Message and price components of Family Caps: Experimental evidence from New Jersey," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 292-302, August.
    20. Taryn Ann Galloway & Rannveig Kaldager Hart, 2015. "Effects of income and the cost of children on fertility. Quasi-experimental evidence from Norway," Discussion Papers 828, Statistics Norway, Research Department.

  68. Robert W. Fairlie & Bruce D. Meyer, 1996. "Ethnic and Racial Self-Employment Differences and Possible Explanations," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 31(4), pages 757-793.
    See citations under working paper version above.

Chapters

  1. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2020. "Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," Research in Labor Economics, in: Change at Home, in the Labor Market, and On the Job, volume 48, pages 253-289, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  2. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2018. "Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession," Research in Labor Economics, in: Transitions through the Labor Market, volume 46, pages 1-53, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  3. Bulman, G. & Fairlie, R.W., 2016. "Technology and Education," Handbook of the Economics of Education,, Elsevier.

    Cited by:

    1. Karthik Muralidharan & Abhijeet Singh & Alejandro J. Ganimian, 2019. "Disrupting Education? Experimental Evidence on Technology-Aided Instruction in India," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(4), pages 1426-1460, April.
    2. Wu-Yuin Hwang & Uun Hariyanti, 2020. "Investigation of Students’ and Parents’ Perceptions of Authentic Contextual Learning at Home and Their Mutual Influence on Technological and Pedagogical Aspects of Learning under COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Peter Bergman, 2020. "Nudging Technology Use: Descriptive and Experimental Evidence from School Information Systems," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(4), pages 623-647, Fall.
    4. Falck, Oliver & Mang, Constantin & Woessmann, Ludger, 2015. "Virtually No Effect? Different Uses of Classroom Computers and their Effect on Student Achievement," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 223, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    5. Falck, Oliver & Heimisch-Roecker, Alexandra & Wiederhold, Simon, 2021. "Returns to ICT skills," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(7).
    6. Vargas-Montoya, Luis & Gimenez, Gregorio & Fernández-Gutiérrez, Marcos, 2023. "ICT use for learning and students' outcomes: Does the country's development level matter?," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PA).
    7. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin, 2024. "Technology in the classroom: Personal computers and learning outcomes in primary school," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    8. Briglauer, Wolfgang, 2017. "Does State Aid For Broadband Deployment In Rural Areas Close The Digital And Economic Divide?," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168055, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    9. Bergman, Peter & Rogers, Todd, 2017. "The Impact of Defaults on Technology Adoption, and Its Underappreciation by Pollicymakers," Working Paper Series rwp17-021, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
    10. Gregorio Gimenez & Luis Vargas-Montoya, 2021. "ICT Use and Successful Learning: The Role of the Stock of Human Capital," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-15, July.
    11. Bulman, George & Fairlie, Robert W., 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Community College Enrollment and Student Success: Evidence from California Administrative Data," IZA Discussion Papers 15424, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin, 2023. "Teaching, technology and test scores. The impact of personal computers on student performance in primary school," Working Paper Series 2023:3, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    13. Hull, Marie C. & Duch, Katherine, 2017. "One-To-One Technology and Student Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 10886, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Rosa Sanchis-Guarner & José Montalbán & Felix Weinhardt, 2021. "Home Broadband and Human Capital Formation," CESifo Working Paper Series 8846, CESifo.
    15. Arthur Grimes & Wilbur Townsend, 2017. "The Effect of Fibre Broadband on Student Learning," Motu Working Papers 17_03, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    16. So Yoon Ahn & Youjin Hahn & Semee Yoon, 2021. "Can New Learning Opportunities Reshape Gender Attitudes for Girls?: Field Evidence from Tanzania," Working Papers 2021-046, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    17. Eric Bettinger & Robert W. Fairlie & Anastasia Kapuza & Elena Kardanova & Prashant Loyalka & Andrey Zakharov, 2020. "Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning," NBER Working Papers 26967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Elert, Niklas & Henrekson, Magnus, 2023. "The Profit Motive in the Classroom—Friend or Foe?," Working Paper Series 1468, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    19. Robert W. Fairlie & Peter Riley Bahr, 2018. "The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Field Experiment and California UI Earnings Records," NBER Working Papers 24276, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Ludger Wößmann & Philipp Lergetporer & Elisabeth Grewenig & Franziska Kugler & Katharina Werner & Franziska Pfaehler, 2017. "Fürchten sich die Deutschen vor der Digitalisierung? Ergebnisse des ifo Bildungsbarometers 2017," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 70(17), pages 17-38, September.
    21. Fernando Barrios Aguirre & Diego A. Forero & Martha Patricia Castellanos Saavedra & Sandra Yaneth Mora Malagón, 2021. "The Impact of Computer and Internet at Home on Academic Results of the Saber 11 National Exam in Colombia," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    22. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers: The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 450, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    23. Derksen, Laura & Michaud-Leclerc, Catherine & Souza, Pedro C.L., 2022. "Restricted access: How the internet can be used to promote reading and learning," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    24. Maximilian Weber & Birgit Becker, 2019. "Browsing the Web for School: Social Inequality in Adolescents’ School-Related Use of the Internet," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(2), pages 21582440198, June.
    25. Naik, Gopal & Chitre, Chetan & Bhalla, Manaswini & Rajan, Jothsna, 2020. "Impact of use of technology on student learning outcomes: Evidence from a large-scale experiment in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    26. Martínez-Gautier, Daniel & Garrido-Yserte, Rubén & Gallo-Rivera, María-Teresa, 2021. "Educational performance and ICTs: Availability, use, misuse and context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 173-182.
    27. Nicola Bianchi & Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2020. "The Effect of Computer-Assisted Learning on Students' Long-Term Development," NBER Working Papers 28180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    28. Derksen, Laura & Leclerc, Catherine Michaud & Souza, Pedro CL, 2019. "Searching for Answers : The Impact of Student Access to Wikipedia," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1236, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    29. Robert W. Fairlie & Ariel Kalil, 2016. "The Effects of Computers on Children’s Social Development and School Participation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment," NBER Working Papers 22907, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    30. McDool, Emily & Powell, Philip & Roberts, Jennifer & Taylor, Karl, 2020. "The internet and children’s psychological wellbeing," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    31. C. Kirabo Jackson & Alexey Makarin, 2016. "Can Online Off-The-Shelf Lessons Improve Student Outcomes? Evidence from A Field Experiment," NBER Working Papers 22398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    32. Balakrushna Padhi & Soumen Ray & Lalhriatchiani, 2023. "Access and Uses of ICTs: Can Virtual Learning Be an Alternative Mode of Education in India?," Indian Journal of Human Development, , vol. 17(2), pages 271-289, August.
    33. Jongseok Ahn, 2020. "Unequal Loneliness in the Digitalized Classroom: Two Loneliness Effects of School Computers and Lessons for Sustainable Education in the E-Learning Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    34. Yang, Minseok & Lee, Ho Jun, 2022. "Do school resources reduce socioeconomic achievement gap? Evidence from PISA 2015," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    35. Abbiati, Giovanni & Azzolini, Davide & Balanskat, Anja & Engelhart, Katja & Piazzalunga, Daniela & Rettore, Enrico & Wastiau, Patricia, 2023. "Effects of an Online Self-Assessment Tool on Teachers' Digital Competencies," IZA Discussion Papers 15863, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    36. Campbell, Richard Cole, 2024. "Need for speed: Fiber and student achievement," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(6).
    37. Jorge Leonardo Rodríguez Arenas & Luis Fernando Gamboa, 2023. "Debunking Myths: Do ict Really Favor One Gender in Middle Education? The Case of Colombia," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, vol. 26(2), pages 1-32.
    38. Ludger Wößmann & Philipp Lergetporer & Elisabeth Grewenig & Sarah Kersten & Katharina Werner, 2018. "Denken Jugendliche anders über Bildungspolitik als Erwachsene?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 71(17), pages 31-45, September.
    39. Ryan Hawthorne & Lukasz Grzybowski, 2019. "Narrowing the 'Digital Divide': The Role of Complementarities Between Fixed and Mobile Data in South Africa," CESifo Working Paper Series 7711, CESifo.
    40. Jongseok Ahn, 2022. "Exploring the Negative and Gap-Widening Effects of EdTech on Young Children’s Learning Achievement: Evidence from a Longitudinal Dataset of Children in American K–3 Classrooms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-19, April.
    41. Aaron K. Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 18, pages 27-51, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    42. Briglauer, Wolfgang & Duerr, Niklas S. & Falck, Oliver & Hueschelrath, Kai, 2019. "Does state aid for broadband deployment in rural areas close the digital and economic divide?," Munich Reprints in Economics 78272, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
    43. Ferman, Bruno & Finamor, Lucas & Lima, Lycia, 2019. "Are Public Schools Ready to Integrate Math Classes with Khan Academy?," MPRA Paper 94736, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    44. Likun Mao & Sarah Grace See, 2025. "Early Exposure, ICT Use, and Teenage Well being Outcomes," CHILD Working Papers Series 121 JEL Classification: I, Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic Economics (CHILD) - CCA.
    45. Perera, Marcelo & Aboal, Diego, 2019. "The impact of a mathematics computer-assisted learning platform on students' mathematics test scores," MERIT Working Papers 2019-007, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    46. Hong, Junjie & Liu, Wanlin & Zhang, Qing, 2024. "Closing the digital divide: The impact of teachers’ ICT use on student achievement in China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(3), pages 697-713.
    47. Yue Ma & Robert W. Fairlie & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China," NBER Working Papers 26953, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    48. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin & Sibbmark, Kristina, 2021. "A laptop for every child? The impact of technology on human capital formation," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    49. Cambini, Carlo & Sabatino, Lorien & Zaccagni, Sarah, 2024. "The faster the better? Advanced internet access and student performance," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(8).
    50. Hirotake ITO & Keiko KASAI & Makiko NAKAMURO, 2019. "Does Computer-aided Instruction Improve Children's Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills?: Evidence from Cambodia," Discussion papers 19040, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    51. Díaz, Carlos & Dodel, Matías & Menese, Pablo, 2022. "Can one laptop per child reduce digital inequalities? ICT household access patterns under Plan Ceibal," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(9).
    52. Aaron Chatterji, 2017. "Innovation and American K-12 Education," NBER Working Papers 23531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    53. Robert W. Fairlie, 2015. "Do Boys and Girls Use Computers Differently, and Does it Contribute to why Boys Do Worse in School than Girls?," CESifo Working Paper Series 5496, CESifo.
    54. Laia Navarro-Sola, 2021. "Secondary Schools with Televised Lessons: The Labor Market Returns of the Mexican Telesecundaria," Working Papers 2021-053, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    55. Johnson, Helen & McNally, Sandra & Rolfe, Heather & Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer & Savage, Robert & Vousden, Janet & Wood, Clare, 2019. "Reprint of: Teaching assistants, computers and classroom management," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 17-32.
    56. Nguyen, Ha Trong & Le, Huong Thu & Connelly, Luke B., 2019. "Weather and children’s time allocation," MPRA Paper 94442, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    57. Domenico Carbone & Cristina Calvi, 2024. "The Digitisation of Italian Schools and the Pandemic Trigger: Actors and Policies in an Evolving Organisational Field," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-14, June.
    58. Jina Suh & Eric Horvitz & Ryen W. White & Tim Althoff, 2022. "Disparate impacts on online information access during the Covid-19 pandemic," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    59. Yuki Higuchi & Miyuki Sasaki & Makiko Nakamuro, 2020. "Impacts of an Information and Communication Technology-Assisted Program on Attitudes and English Communication Abilities: An Experiment in a Japanese High School," Asian Development Review, MIT Press, vol. 37(2), pages 100-133, September.
    60. Carter, Susan Payne & Greenberg, Kyle & Walker, Michael S., 2017. "The impact of computer usage on academic performance: Evidence from a randomized trial at the United States Military Academy," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 118-132.
    61. John Ariza & Juan Pablo Saldarriaga & Karen Yohana Reinoso & Cristhian David Tafur, 2021. "Information and Communication Technologies and Academic Performance inHigh School in Colombia," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 94, pages 47-86, Enero-Jun.
    62. Bass, Brittany, 2021. "The effect of technology funding on school-level student proficiency," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    63. Jing Liu, 2023. "Application and research of computer aided technology in clothing design driven by emotional elements," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 14(5), pages 1691-1702, October.
    64. Philipp Ehrl & Carlos Charris & Carlos Carrasco Gutierrez & Ronaldo Da Silva, 2025. "The impact of internet and computers on young minds: Evidence from rural Brazilian schools," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 45(1), pages 41-54.
    65. Villalobos, Laura & Gomez, Julian D. & Garcia, Jorge H., 2023. "Technology Attenuates the Impact of Heat on Learning. Evidence from Colombia," EfD Discussion Paper 23-6, Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg.
    66. Yuki HIGUCHI & Miyuki SASAKI & Makiko NAKAMURO, 2017. "Impacts of an ICT-assisted Program on Attitudes and English Communicative Abilities: An experiment in a Japanese high school," Discussion papers 17030, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    67. Hojun Lee & Youngsik Kim, 2023. "Exploring the Effects of Computer and Smart Device-Assisted Learning on Students’ Achievements: Empirical Evidence from Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-16, September.
    68. Hall, Caroline & Lundin, Martin & Sibbmark, Kristina, 2019. "A laptop for every child? The impact of ICT on educational outcomes," Working Paper Series 2019:26, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    69. Kristaps Lesinskis & Inese Mavlutova & Aivars Spilbergs & Janis Hermanis, 2023. "Digital Transformation in Entrepreneurship Education: The Use of a Digital Tool KABADA and Entrepreneurial Intention of Generation Z," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-20, June.
    70. Marie Connolly & Catherine Haeck, 2018. "Le lien entre la taille des classes et les compétences cognitives et non cognitives," CIRANO Project Reports 2018rp-18, CIRANO.
    71. Ferman, Bruno & Lima, Lycia & Riva, Flavio, 2020. "Experimental Evidence on Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom," MPRA Paper 103934, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  4. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Minority and immigrant entrepreneurs: access to financial capital," Chapters, in: Amelie F. Constant & Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration, chapter 8, pages 153-175, Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Cited by:

    1. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr, 2016. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship," CESifo Working Paper Series 6197, CESifo.
    2. Naudé, Wim & Siegel, Melissa & Marchand, Katrin, 2015. "Migration, entrepreneurship and development: A critical review," MERIT Working Papers 2015-033, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    3. Dagnelie, Olivier & Mayda, Anna Maria & Maystadt, Jean Francois, 2018. "The Labor Market Integration of Refugees to the United States: Do Entrepreneurs in the Network Help?," IZA Discussion Papers 11343, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Gumus, Gulcin & Regan, Tracy L., 2015. "Self-employment and the role of health insurance in the U.S," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 357-374.
    5. Green, David A. & Liu, Huju & Ostrovsky, Yuri & Picot, Garnett, 2023. "Are Immigrants Particularly Entrepreneurial? Policy Lessons from a Selective Immigration System," IZA Discussion Papers 16515, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Nafisa Yeasmin, 2016. "The Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurship of Immigrants in Lapland: An Analysis of Theoretical Factors," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 4(1), pages 129-159.
    7. Wim Naudé & Melissa Siegel & Katrin Marchand, 2017. "Migration, entrepreneurship and development: critical questions," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 6(1), pages 1-16, December.
    8. Peri, Giovanni, 2018. "Did immigration contribute to wage stagnation of unskilled workers?," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(2), pages 356-365.

  5. Robert W. Fairlie & Harry Krashinsky & Julie Zissimopoulos & Krishna B. Kumar, 2012. "Indian Entrepreneurial Success in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom," Research in Labor Economics, in: Research in Labor Economics, pages 285-318, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  6. Robert W. Fairlie & Julie Zissimopoulos & Harry Krashinsky, 2010. "The International Asian Business Success Story? A Comparison of Chinese, Indian and Other Asian Businesses in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom," NBER Chapters, in: International Differences in Entrepreneurship, pages 179-208, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. William R. Kerr & Martin Mandorff, 2023. "Social Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 58(1), pages 183-220.
    2. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr, 2016. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship," CESifo Working Paper Series 6197, CESifo.
    3. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    4. Emilia Nercissians, 2019. "The historical anthropology of the seventeenth century entrepreneurial activities of the Armenian merchants in New Julfa," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Mengdie Ruan & Angathevar Baskaran & Shanshan Zhou, 2022. "Mainland Chinese Immigrant-owned SMEs in Malaysia: Case Studies," Millennial Asia, , vol. 13(1), pages 5-34, April.
    6. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr, 2021. "Whose Job Is It Anyway? Co-Ethnic Hiring in New U.S. Ventures," NBER Working Papers 28509, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Maribel Guerrero & Vesna Mandakovic & Mauricio Apablaza & Veronica Arriagada, 2021. "Are migrants in/from emerging economies more entrepreneurial than natives?," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 527-548, June.
    8. Alicia Robb & Robert Fairlie, 2009. "Determinants of business success: an examination of Asian-owned businesses in the USA," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 22(4), pages 827-858, October.
    9. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Minority and immigrant entrepreneurs: access to financial capital," Chapters, in: Amelie F. Constant & Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration, chapter 8, pages 153-175, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    10. Magnus Lofstrom, 2014. "Immigrants and entrepreneurship," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 1-85, September.
    11. Robert W. Fairlie & Harry Krashinsky & Julie Zissimopoulos & Krishna B. Kumar, 2010. "Indian Entrepreneurial Success in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom," Working Papers WR-727, RAND Corporation.
    12. Pekkala Kerr, Sari & Kerr, William, 2020. "Immigrant entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the survey of business owners 2007 & 2012," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(3).

  7. Robert W. Fairlie & Rebecca A. London, 2009. "Race, ethnicity, and the dynamics of health insurance coverage," Research in Labor Economics, in: Ethnicity and Labor Market Outcomes, pages 335-373, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  8. Robert W. Fairlie & Christopher Woodruff, 2007. "Mexican Entrepreneurship: A Comparison of Self-Employment in Mexico and the United States," NBER Chapters, in: Mexican Immigration to the United States, pages 123-158, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    See citations under working paper version above.

Books

  1. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia M. Robb, 2008. "Race and Entrepreneurial Success: Black-, Asian-, and White-Owned Businesses in the United States," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 026206281x, December.

    Cited by:

    1. Timothy Bates & William D. Bradford & Robert Seamans, 2018. "Minority entrepreneurship in twenty-first century America," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 415-427, March.
    2. Robert W. Fairlie & Javier Miranda, 2017. "Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring Their First Employee," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(1), pages 3-34, February.
    3. Craig Wesley Carpenter & Scott Loveridge, 2018. "Differences Between Latino-Owned Businesses and White-, Black-, or Asian-Owned Businesses: Evidence From Census Microdata," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 32(3), pages 225-241, August.
    4. Aaron K. Chatterji & Kenneth Y. Chay & Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment," CESifo Working Paper Series 4182, CESifo.
    5. Robert Fairlie & Alicia Robb, 2009. "Gender differences in business performance: evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners survey," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 375-395, December.
    6. Craig Wesley Carpenter & Scott Loveridge, 2019. "A spatial model of growth relationships and Latino-owned business," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 63(3), pages 541-557, December.
    7. Robert W. Fairlie & Dean Karlan & Jonathan Zinman, 2012. "Behind the GATE Experiment: Evidence on Effects of and Rationales for Subsidized Entrepreneurship Training," NBER Working Papers 17804, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Lynn E. Browne & Sol Carbonell & Prabal Chakrabarti & DeAnna Green & Yolanda Kodrzycki & Ana Patricia Munoz & Anna Steiger & Richard Walker & Bo Zhao, 2011. "Small businesses in Springfield, Massachusetts: a look at Latino entrepreneurship," Public and Community Affairs Discussion Papers 2011-2, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    9. Rajesh Ramachandran & Christopher Rauh, 2018. "Discrimination without taste: how discrimination can spillover and persist," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 249-274, August.
    10. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2020. "Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," Research in Labor Economics, in: Change at Home, in the Labor Market, and On the Job, volume 48, pages 253-289, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    11. Fairlie, Robert W., 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Evidence of Early-Stage Losses from the April 2020 Current Population Survey," IZA Discussion Papers 13311, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Fairlie, Robert, 2015. "Immigration and Entrepreneurship," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6945t95k, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    13. Teresa Kroeger & Graham Wright, 2021. "Entrepreneurship and the Racial Wealth Gap: The Impact of Entrepreneurial Success or Failure on the Wealth Mobility of Black and White Families," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 183-195, September.
    14. Grant H. Lewis, 2017. "Effects of federal socioeconomic contracting preferences," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 763-783, December.
    15. Fairlie, Robert W. & Krashinsky, Harry A., 2011. "Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship Revisited," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt6hv0m2q6, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    16. Robert W. Fairlie & Alicia Robb & David T. Robinson, 2020. "Black and White: Access to Capital among Minority-Owned Startups," NBER Working Papers 28154, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Timothy Bates, 2009. "Utilizing Affirmative Action in Public Sector Procurement as a Local Economic Development Strategy," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 23(3), pages 180-192, August.
    18. Ian Y. Blount & Delmonize A. Smith & James A. Hill, 2013. "Minority Business Networks As Sources Of Social Capital For Minority Firms," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(03), pages 1-13.
    19. Fairlie, Robert W. & Woodruff, Christopher, 2008. "Mexican-American Entrepreneurship," IZA Discussion Papers 3488, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Robert Fairlie & Robert W. Fairlie, 2023. "The Impacts of Covid-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings," CESifo Working Paper Series 10634, CESifo.
    21. Robert W. Fairlie & Aaron K. Chatterji, 2013. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley," CESifo Working Paper Series 4493, CESifo.
    22. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 207-231, June.
    23. Robert W. Fairlie, 2020. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions," CESifo Working Paper Series 8581, CESifo.
    24. William D. Lastrapes & Ian M. Schmutte & Thor Watson, 2020. "A Comparison of Firm Age in the Survey of Business Owners and the Longitudinal Business Database," CES Technical Notes Series 20-08, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    25. William D. Lastrapes & Ian Schmutte & Thor Watson, 2022. "Home equity lending, credit constraints and small business in the US," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 60(1), pages 43-63, January.
    26. Bruce P. Corrie, 2016. "A Policy Framework for Economic and Social Liberation: The Policy Mandala," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 43(2), pages 101-110, June.
    27. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2021. "Did the $660 Billion Paycheck Protection Program and $220 Billion Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program Get Disbursed to Minority Communities in the Early Stages of COVID-19?," NBER Working Papers 28321, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    28. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank Fossen, 2022. "The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot: Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities," NBER Working Papers 29732, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    29. Robert Fairlie & David T. Robinson, 2023. "Racial Differences in Access to Capital for Innovative Start-Ups," Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(1), pages 149-166.
    30. Fabian T. Pfeffer & Martin Hällsten, 2012. "Mobility Regimes and Parental Wealth: The United States, Germany, and Sweden in Comparison," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 500, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    31. Loren Henderson & Cedric Herring & Hayward Horton & Melvin Thomas, 2015. "Credit Where Credit is Due?: Race, Gender, and Discrimination in the Credit Scores of Business Startups," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 42(4), pages 459-479, December.
    32. Casey J. Frid & David M. Wyman & Bentley Coffey, 2016. "Effects of wealth inequality on entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 895-920, December.
    33. Gutierrez Angelica S. & D’Mello Jason Francis, 2020. "Not All Entrepreneurs are Viewed Equally: A Social Dominance Theory Perspective on Access to Capital," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, January.
    34. Chatterji, Aaron K. & Seamans, Robert C., 2012. "Entrepreneurial finance, credit cards, and race," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(1), pages 182-195.
    35. Srikant Devaraj & Pankaj C Patel, 2017. "Health insurance and employee productivity: Findings from the 2007 Survey of Business Owners," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(2), pages 1351-1364.
    36. R. Varisa Patraporn, 2015. "Complex transactions: Community development financial institutions lending to ethnic entrepreneurs in Los Angeles," Community Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(5), pages 479-498, December.
    37. Anindo Sarker & Bulent Unel, 2017. "The Impact of Bank Expansion on Self-Employed Business Owners: Evidence from US States," Departmental Working Papers 2017-06, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.
    38. Lofstrom, Magnus, 2009. "Does Self-Employment Increase the Economic Well-Being of Low-Skilled Workers?," IZA Discussion Papers 4539, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    39. Fairlie, Rob, 2011. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley1," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt655088zg, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    40. Sherrhonda R. Gibbs, 2014. "The Bitter Truth: A Comparative Analysis Of Black Male And Black Female Entrepreneurs," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 19(01), pages 1-18.
    41. Timothy Bates & Alicia Robb, 2008. "Crime's Impact on the Survival Prospects of Young Urban Small Businesses," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 22(3), pages 228-238, August.
    42. Candida G. Brush & Sarah Y. Cooper, 2012. "Female entrepreneurship and economic development: An international perspective," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1-2), pages 1-6, January.
    43. Robert W. Fairlie & Kanika Kapur & Susan Gates, 2009. "Is Employer-Based Health Insurance a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?," Working Papers 200939, Geary Institute, University College Dublin.
    44. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "Entrepreneurship Training, Risk Aversion and Other Personality Traits: Evidence from a Random Experiment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt9x83w5k4, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    45. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Borra, Cristina & Wang, Chunbei, 2021. "Asian Discrimination in the Coronavirus Era: Implications for Business Formation and Survival," IZA Discussion Papers 14182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    46. Kisha Lashley & Timothy G. Pollock, 2020. "Dancing with Giants: How Small Women- and Minority-Owned Firms Use Soft Power to Manage Asymmetric Relationships with Larger Partners," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(6), pages 1313-1335, November.
    47. Anthony Howell, 2019. "Ethnic entrepreneurship, initial financing, and business performance in China," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(3), pages 697-712, March.
    48. Qingfang Wang, 2015. "Foreign-Born Status, Gender, and Hispanic Business Ownership Across U.S. Metropolitan Labor Markets," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 29(4), pages 328-340, November.
    49. Eugene B. McGregor, 2009. "Toward Excellence with Equity: An Emerging Vision for Closing the Achievement Gap , by Ronald F. Ferguson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007, 375 pp., $60.66, paperback| Categorically Uneq," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 185-192.
    50. Eric Fesselmeyer & Kiat Ying Seah, 2017. "Neighborhood Segregation and Black Entrepreneurship," ERES eres2017_277, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    51. Fairlie, Robert W. & Robb, Alicia, 2009. "Entrepreneurship, Self-Employment and Business Data: An Introduction to Several Large, Nationally-Representative Datasets," IZA Discussion Papers 4052, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    52. Müller, Benjamin & Ragoussis, Alexandros, 2016. "Minorities and trade: what do we know, and how can policymakers take it into account?," IDOS Discussion Papers 11/2016, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    53. Cathy Yang Liu, 2012. "Intrametropolitan Opportunity Structure and the Self-Employment of Asian and Latino Immigrants," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 26(2), pages 178-192, May.
    54. Salah Ben Hamed, 2014. "Problems and Factors of Non-Completion of Promising Projects by Young Entrepreneurs: The Case of Tunisia," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 6(6), pages 345-354.
    55. Robert W. Fairlie, 2013. "Minority and immigrant entrepreneurs: access to financial capital," Chapters, in: Amelie F. Constant & Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration, chapter 8, pages 153-175, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    56. Qingfang Wang, 2010. "Immigration and Ethnic Entrepreneurship: A Comparative Study in the United States," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(3), pages 430-458, September.
    57. Timothy Bates & Joseph Farhat & Colleen Casey, 2022. "The Economic Development Potential of Minority-Owned Businesses," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 36(1), pages 43-56, February.
    58. Cathy Yang Liu, 2012. "The Causes And Dynamics Of Minority Entrepreneurial Entry," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 17(01), pages 1-23.
    59. Heinrich Hock & Mary Anne Anderson & Robert Santillano, "undated". "Supporting Self-Employment as a Reemployment Strategy: Impacts of a Pilot Program for Dislocated Workers After 18 Months," Mathematica Policy Research Reports e0233e6eb1d44124a0cb90bc8, Mathematica Policy Research.
    60. Fairlie, Robert W, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: Continued Losses and the Partial Rebound in May 2020," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt21f993s2, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    61. Mathur, Aparna, 2013. "Beyond bankruptcy: Does the US bankruptcy code provide a fresh start to entrepreneurs?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(11), pages 4198-4216.
    62. Cathy Yang Liu & Xi Huang, 2016. "The Rise of Urban Entrepreneurs in China: Capital Endowments and Entry Dynamics," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1), pages 32-52, March.
    63. M. Thomas, 2009. "The impact of education histories on the decision to become self-employed: a study of young, aspiring, minority business owners," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 455-466, December.
    64. Robert W. Fairlie & Julie Zissimopoulos & Harry Krashinsky, 2010. "The International Asian Business Success Story? A Comparison of Chinese, Indian and Other Asian Businesses in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom," NBER Chapters, in: International Differences in Entrepreneurship, pages 179-208, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    65. Ikenna Uzuegbunam, 2025. "Policing Effects on Black Entrepreneurs’ Financial Performance: The Moderating Impact of Formal and Informal Institutions," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, July.
    66. Robert W. Fairlie & Harry Krashinsky & Julie Zissimopoulos & Krishna B. Kumar, 2010. "Indian Entrepreneurial Success in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom," Working Papers WR-727, RAND Corporation.
    67. Marios Michaelides, 2017. "Nascent Entrepreneurship and Race: Evidence from the GATE Experiment," University of Cyprus Working Papers in Economics 02-2017, University of Cyprus Department of Economics.
    68. Song Lin & Shihui Wang, 2019. "How does the age of serial entrepreneurs influence their re-venture speed after a business failure?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(3), pages 651-666, March.
    69. Robert Fairlie & Aaron Chatterji, 2008. "High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley Opportunities and Opportunity Costs," Working Papers 08-04, NET Institute.
    70. Alicia Robb & David T. Robinson, 2018. "Testing for racial bias in business credit scores," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 429-443, March.
    71. Lucy Reuben & Pamela Queen, 2015. "Capital Constraints and Industry Mix Implications for African-American Business Success," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 42(4), pages 355-378, December.
    72. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr & Tina Xu, 2017. "Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature," NBER Working Papers 24097, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    73. Colleen Casey & Timothy Bates & Joseph Farhat, 2023. "Linkages between regional characteristics and small businesses viability," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 617-629, August.
    74. Areendam Chanda & Bulent Unel, 2021. "Do attitudes toward risk taking affect entrepreneurship? Evidence from second-generation Americans," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 385-413, December.
    75. Pekkala Kerr, Sari & Kerr, William, 2020. "Immigrant entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the survey of business owners 2007 & 2012," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(3).
    76. Audretsch, David B. & Bönte, Werner & Tamvada, Jagannadha Pawan, 2013. "Religion, social class, and entrepreneurial choice," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 774-789.
    77. Nolan Kopkin, 2017. "Does racial prejudice affect black entrepreneurship?: evidence exploiting spatial differences in prejudicial attitudes," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(31), pages 3045-3066, July.
    78. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "Gender Differences in Business Performance: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4zb9198n, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    79. Ken Clark, 2015. "Ethnic minority self-employment," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 120-120, January.
    80. Michael A. Abebe, 2012. "Social And Institutional Predictors Of Entrepreneurial Career Intention: Evidence From Hispanic Adults In The U.S," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(01), pages 1-23.
    81. David L. Barkley & Rebekka M. Dudensing, 2011. "Industrial Legacy Matters: Implications for the Development and Use of Indices of Regional Competitiveness," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 25(2), pages 130-142, May.
    82. Alicia Robb & Adji Fatou Diagne, 2025. "Startup Dynamics: Transitioning from Nonemployer Firms to Employer Firms, Survival, and Job Creation," Working Papers 25-26, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    83. Timothy Bates & Alicia Robb, 2016. "Impacts of Owner Race and Geographic Context on Access to Small-Business Financing," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 30(2), pages 159-170, May.
    84. Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Cristina Borra & Chunbei Wang, 2024. "Asian entrepreneurship in the coronavirus era," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-34, March.
    85. Isidoro Romero & Zhikun Yu, 2015. "Analyzing the influence of social capital on self-employment: a study of Chinese immigrants," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 54(3), pages 877-899, May.
    86. Reynolds, Robert Wallace, 2025. "The Dual-Track Universal Framework: Addressing AI Displacement and Innovation Asymmetry Through Dignity-Linked Income and Participation-Linked Innovation Currency," SocArXiv jdwqn_v1, Center for Open Science.
    87. Susan Coleman & Alicia Robb, 2009. "A comparison of new firm financing by gender: evidence from the Kauffman Firm Survey data," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 397-411, December.
    88. Qingfang Wang, 2013. "Industrial Concentration of Ethnic Minority- and Women-Owned Businesses in the United States," Working Papers 13-34, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    89. Robert L. Boyd, 2020. "Dispersed or Concentrated? Urban Distributions of Ethnic Retail Entrepreneurs: the Late Nineteenth-Century USA," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 41-56, March.
    90. Robert Fairlie & Justin Marion, 2012. "Affirmative action programs and business ownership among minorities and women," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(2), pages 319-339, September.
    91. Robert Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2022. "Did the Paycheck Protection Program and Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program get disbursed to minority communities in the early stages of COVID-19?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 829-842, February.
    92. Timothy Bates & Alicia Robb, 2013. "Greater Access to Capital Is Needed to Unleash the Local Economic Development Potential of Minority-Owned Businesses," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 27(3), pages 250-259, August.
    93. Ozkan Eren & Masayuki Onda & Bulent Unel, 2016. "Effects of FDI on Entrepreneurial Activity: Evidence from Right-to-Work and Non-Right-to-Work States," Departmental Working Papers 2016-04, Department of Economics, Louisiana State University.

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