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Culture and entrepreneurship? African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States

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  • Bogan, Vicki
  • Darity Jr., William

Abstract

This paper analyzes the evolution of African American entrepreneurship by comparing the patterns of development of African American entrepreneurship and immigrant entrepreneurship. Whereas most literature focuses on African American culture as the reason for limited entrepreneurial success compared to certain immigrant groups, this paper examines how social, economic, and political forces have adversely influenced the development of Black entrepreneurship compared to various immigrant groups. Using 90 years of census data, we also find empirical support consistent with our assertion that many immigrants have resources (not available to native non-Whites) that facilitate entrepreneurship.

Suggested Citation

  • Bogan, Vicki & Darity Jr., William, 2008. "Culture and entrepreneurship? African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1999-2019, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:soceco:v:37:y:2008:i:5:p:1999-2019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Zhu, Chen & Lee, Chien-Chiang & Hong, Jin & Shi, Xing, 2023. "Multidimensional cultural distance and self-employment of internal migrants in China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 58-81.
    3. Job Boerma & Loukas Karabarbounis, 2023. "Reparations and Persistent Racial Wealth Gaps," NBER Macroeconomics Annual, University of Chicago Press, vol. 37(1), pages 171-221.
    4. Gregory N. Price, 2012. "Race, Trust in Government, and Self-Employment," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 57(2), pages 171-187, November.
    5. Ruth Oyelere & Willie Belton, 2013. "Black–White gap in self-employment. Does intra-race heterogeneity exist?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 25-39, June.
    6. Bernard Lama Ngota & Sookdhev Rajkaran & Sanjay Balkaran & Eric E Mang’unyi, 2017. "Exploring the African Immigrant Entrepreneurship - Job Creation Nexus: A South African Case Study," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 7(3), pages 143-149.
    7. Vincent E. Mangum, 2020. "What Does Political Economy Tell Us About the Dearth of Black Entrepreneurs?," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 65(1), pages 131-143, March.
    8. Kevin M. Kniffin & Andrew S. Hanks, 2017. "Antecedents and near-term consequences for interdisciplinary dissertators," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 111(3), pages 1225-1250, June.
    9. Boyd, Robert L., 2008. "Trends in the occupations of eminent black entrepreneurs in the United States," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2390-2398, December.
    10. Qingfang Wang, 2010. "Immigration and Ethnic Entrepreneurship: A Comparative Study in the United States," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(3), pages 430-458, September.
    11. Harris, Jared D. & Sapienza, Harry J. & Bowie, Norman E., 2009. "Ethics and entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 407-418, September.
    12. Muhamad Ahsan & Armanu Thoyib & Achmad Sudiro & Nur Khusniyah Indrawati, 2016. "Developing Entrepreneurial Spirit Based on Local Wisdom," International Journal of Social Science Research, Macrothink Institute, vol. 4(2), pages 44-65, September.
    13. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth & Belton, Willie, 2008. "The Role of Information and Institutions in Understanding the Black-White Gap in Self-Employment," IZA Discussion Papers 3761, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, 2017. "Microfinance and Ethnic Diversity," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 93(300), pages 112-141, March.
    15. DeLancey, Rebecca Mbuh, 2014. "Entrepreneurship and Immigration: A Study of Africans in the Korean Economy," MPRA Paper 54050, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth & Belton, Willie, 2009. "Coming to America: Does Immigrant's Home Country Economic Status Impact the Probability of Self-Employment in the U.S.?," IZA Discussion Papers 4178, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth & Belton, Willie, 2010. "Black-White Gap in Self-Employment in the U.S.: Do Cohort and Within Race Differences Exist?," IZA Discussion Papers 5071, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    18. Vicki L. Bogan & Angela R. Fertig & David R. Just, 2022. "Self-employment and mental health," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 855-886, September.
    19. Fesselmeyer, Eric & Seah, Kiat Ying, 2017. "Neighborhood segregation and black entrepreneurship," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 88-91.
    20. Deller, Steven C. & Conroy, Tessa & Markeson, Bjorn, 2018. "Social capital, religion and small business activity," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 365-381.
    21. Pidduck, Robert J. & Busenitz, Lowell W. & Zhang, Yejun & Ghosh Moulick, Abhisekh, 2020. "Oh, the places you’ll go: A schema theory perspective on cross-cultural experience and entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    22. DeLancey, Rebecca Mbuh, 2015. "Gendering Entrepreneurship and Technology: A Mixed Methods Study of Retailers in a Developing Economy," MPRA Paper 68839, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    23. Robert L. Boyd, 2020. "Dispersed or Concentrated? Urban Distributions of Ethnic Retail Entrepreneurs: the Late Nineteenth-Century USA," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 41-56, March.

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