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Usage d'Internet et du téléphone mobile en Afrique : une comparaison des déterminants d'adoption sur données gabonaises

Author

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  • PENARD Thierry
  • POUSSING Nicolas
  • ZOMO YEBE Gabriel
  • NSI ELLA Philémon

Abstract

Dans les pays développés, la téléphonie mobile et l’Internet ont suivi des trajectoires A l’inverse, le continent africain se caractérise par des processus de diffusion asynchrones, la pénétration de la téléphonie mobile (41% fin 2010) étant bien supérieure à celle de l’Internet (9,7%). Partant de ce constat d’une fracture numérique duale en Afrique (plus forte sur l’Internet que sur la téléphonie mobile), l’objectif de cet article est de comparer les déterminants de l’usage d’Internet et de la téléphonie mobile. Pour cela, nous utilisons une enquête individuelle réalisée au Gabon. Nos résultats économétriques montrent que les freins à l’utilisation d’Internet et de la téléphonie mobile sont assez différents. Les deux principaux facteurs expliquant l’usage d’Internet sont le niveau d’éducation et les compétences informatiques. L’entourage ou le réseau social joue aussi un rôle significatif dans l’adoption d’Internet. Du côté de la téléphonie mobile, les principaux freins sont de nature économique. Enfin, l’âge joue en sens opposé sur l’usage de la téléphonie mobile et d’Internet. Les différences constatées dans les profils d’adoption d’Internet et de la téléphonie mobile devraient inciter les gouvernements des pays africains à développer des politiques numériques plus centrées sur la téléphonie mobile afin d’offrir des services et applications innovants (en matière de santé ou d’éducation par exemple) accessibles au plus grand nombre.

Suggested Citation

  • PENARD Thierry & POUSSING Nicolas & ZOMO YEBE Gabriel & NSI ELLA Philémon, 2012. "Usage d'Internet et du téléphone mobile en Afrique : une comparaison des déterminants d'adoption sur données gabonaises," LISER Working Paper Series 2012-15, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    • Handle: RePEc:irs:cepswp:2012-15
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Usage d'Internet; Usage de la téléphonie mobile; Diffusion des TIC; Fracture numérique; Afrique;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L50 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - General
    • L90 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - General
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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