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Gender Bias in Access to Finance, Occupational Choice, and Business Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Nigar Hashimzade

    (Department of Economics, University of Reading)

  • Yulia Rodionova

    (Leicester Business School, De Montfort University)

Abstract

We analyze, in a model of occupational choice in the labour market and discrimination in the capital market, the relationship between the gender of the owner and of the top manager of a firm, access to finance, and this firm's performance. Occupational choice serves as the link from the capital market to the labour market. The model predicts that if the lenders discriminate against female entrepreneurs, then the conditional average of entrepreneurial skill of female business owners and female top managers is higher than that of their male counterparts. We find empirical evidence in support of our model using firm-level data from the 2009 wave of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) for twenty six emerging economies in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Specifically, we find evidence of discrimination of women in the capital market. Furthermore, we find a positive effect of the female gender of a business owner and of a business top manager on business performance, after controlling for various factors, including possible constraints on access to external finance. The positive effect of a female top manager is mitigated if the firm is owned by a female, suggesting decreasing return to skill, or if it operates in certain industries where female leadership may be of special value, which could be an additional factor in the occupational choice.

Suggested Citation

  • Nigar Hashimzade & Yulia Rodionova, 2013. "Gender Bias in Access to Finance, Occupational Choice, and Business Performance," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2013-01, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
    • Handle: RePEc:rdg:emxxdp:em-dp2013-01
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    File URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/economics/emdp2013098.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Fiona Wilson, 2016. "Making Loan Decisions in Banks: Straight from the Gut?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 137(1), pages 53-63, August.
    2. Emmanuel O. Nwosu & Anthony Orji & Vivian Nwangwu & Chioma Nwangwu, 2015. "Is there Discrimination Against Women Entrepreneurs in Formal Credit Markets in Nigeria?," Working Papers PMMA 2015-01, PEP-PMMA.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    discrimination; finance; gender; occupational choice; small and medium enterprises;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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