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Trends in Firm Entry and New Entrepreneurship in Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Shutao Cao
  • Mohanad Salameh
  • Mai Seki
  • Pierre St-Amant

Abstract

Since the early 1980s, the firm entry rate and the rate of new entrepreneurship have trended downward in Canada. This article documents these trends and discusses potential explanations. A shift-share analysis suggests that industrial and demographic structure changes cannot explain these long-term trends, although population aging accounts for part of the decline in new entrepreneurship since around 2000. The article discusses other factors that could contribute to the downward trends: increased industrial concentration, changing labour market conditions, increased college wage premium, higher student debt, and government regulation. Some of these may be important, but more research is needed before firm conclusions can be reached.

Suggested Citation

  • Shutao Cao & Mohanad Salameh & Mai Seki & Pierre St-Amant, 2017. "Trends in Firm Entry and New Entrepreneurship in Canada," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 43(3), pages 202-220, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:43:y:2017:i:3:p:202-220
    DOI: 10.3138/cpp.2017-006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James Liang & Hui Wang & Edward P. Lazear, 2018. "Demographics and Entrepreneurship," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 126(S1), pages 140-196.
    2. Gian Luca Clementi & Berardino Palazzo, 2016. "Entry, Exit, Firm Dynamics, and Aggregate Fluctuations," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 8(3), pages 1-41, July.
    3. Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2015. "Changes in wage inequality in Canada: An interprovincial perspective," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(2), pages 682-713, May.
    4. Criscuolo, Chiara & Gal, Peter N. & Menon, Carlo, 2014. "The dynamics of employment growth: new evidence from 18 countries," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 60286, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Yurdagul, Emircan, 2017. "Production complementarities and flexibility in a model of entrepreneurship," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 36-51.
    6. Federico J. Diez, 2014. "The Great Recession, entrepreneurship, and productivity performance," Current Policy Perspectives 14-8, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    7. Fairlie, Robert, 2014. "The Kauffman Index of Entrepreneurial Activity: 1996-2013," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt8nx5s6b1, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    8. Lucia Foster & John Haltiwanger & C. J. Krizan, 2006. "Market Selection, Reallocation, and Restructuring in the U.S. Retail Trade Sector in the 1990s," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 88(4), pages 748-758, November.
    9. John R. Baldwin & Wulong Gu, 2006. "Plant turnover and productivity growth in Canadian manufacturing," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 15(3), pages 417-465, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrew Agopsowicz & Bassirou Gueye & Natalia Kyui & Youngmin Park & Mohanad Salameh & Ben Tomlin, 2017. "April 2017 Annual Reassessment of Potential Output Growth in Canada," Staff Analytical Notes 17-5, Bank of Canada.
    2. Pierre St-Amant & David Tessier, 2018. "Firm Dynamics and Multifactor Productivity: An Empirical Exploration," Staff Working Papers 18-15, Bank of Canada.
    3. Andrew Agopsowicz & Dany Brouillette & Bassirou Gueye & Julien McDonald-Guimond & Jeffrey Mollins & Youngmin Park, 2018. "Potential Output in Canada: 2018 Reassessment," Staff Analytical Notes 2018-10, Bank of Canada.
    4. Röhe, Oke & Stähler, Nikolai, 2020. "Demographics and the decline in firm entry: Lessons from a life-cycle model," Discussion Papers 15/2020, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    5. Andrew Agopsowicz & Dany Brouillette & Shutao Cao & Natalia Kyui & Pierre St-Amant, 2016. "April 2016 Annual Reassessment of Potential Output in Canada," Staff Analytical Notes 16-4, Bank of Canada.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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