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Citations of
Josh Lerner

For current contact information and a more complete listing of works, please see here

The citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.

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Working papers

  1. Steven Davis & John Haltiwanger & Ron Jarmin & Josh Lerner & Javier Miranda, 2008. "Private Equity and Employment," Working Papers 08-07, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Shutao Cao, 2008. "A Model of Costly Capital Reallocation and Aggregate Productivity," Working Papers 08-38, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
    2. Phillip Leslie & Paul Oyer, 2008. "Managerial Incentives and Value Creation: Evidence from Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14331, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Steven N. Kaplan & Per Strömberg, 2008. "Leveraged Buyouts and Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14207, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:

  2. Emmanuel Farhi & Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2008. "Fear of Rejection? Tiered Certification and Transparency," NBER Working Papers 14457, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    Cited by:

    1. Vasiliki Skreta & Laura Veldkamp, 2008. "Ratings Shopping and Asset Complexity: A Theory of Ratings Inflation," Working Papers 08-28, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Marco Pagano & Paolo Volpin, 2008. "Securitization, Transparency and Liquidity," CSEF Working Papers 210, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy, revised 28 Jul 2009. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Jialan Wang, 2008. "Secrets of the Academy: The Drivers of University Endowment Success," NBER Working Papers 14341, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Shawn Kantor & Alexander Whalley, 2009. "Do Universities Generate Agglomeration Spillovers? Evidence from Endowment Value Shocks," NBER Working Papers 15299, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  4. Josh Lerner & Morten Sørensen & Per Strömberg, 2008. "Private Equity and Long-Run Investment: The Case of Innovation," NBER Working Papers 14623, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    Cited by:

    1. Alexander Popov & Peter Roosenboom, 2009. "Does Private Equity Investment Spur Innovation? Evidence from Europe," Working Paper Series 1063, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    2. Steven N. Kaplan & Per Strömberg, 2008. "Leveraged Buyouts and Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14207, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:

  5. Brunt, Liam & Lerner, Josh & Nicholas, Tom, 2008. "Inducement Prizes and Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers 6917, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Masters, William A. & Delbecq, Benoit, 2008. "Accelerating innovation with prize rewards: History and typology of technology prizes and a new contest design for innovation in African agriculture," IFPRI discussion papers 835, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [Downloadable!]

  6. Chiao, Benjamin & Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2006. "The Rules of Standard Setting Organizations: an Empirical Analysis," IDEI Working Papers 388, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:

    Cited by:

    1. Mathias Dewatripont & Patrick Legros, 2008. ""Essential" Patents, FRAND Royalties and Technological Standards," ECARES Working Papers 2008_010, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecares. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Vitor Trindade & Johannes Moenius, 2007. "Networks, Standards and Intellectual Property Rights," Working Papers 0705, Department of Economics, University of Missouri. [Downloadable!]
    3. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2006. "A Model of Forum Shopping," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(4), pages 1091-1113, September. [Downloadable!]
    4. Gill, David & Sgroi, Daniel, 2008. "The Optimal Choice of Pre-launch Reviewer : How Best to Transmit Information using Tests and Conditional Pricing," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 877, University of Warwick, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    5. Milne , Alistair, 2005. "Standard setting and competition in securities settlement," Research Discussion Papers 23/2005, Bank of Finland. [Downloadable!]
    6. Layne-Farrar, Anna & Padilla, Atilano Jorge & Schmalensee, Richard, 2007. "Pricing Patents for Licensing in Standard Setting Organisations: Making Sense of FRAND Commitments," CEPR Discussion Papers 6025, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Timothy S. Simcoe & Stuart J.H. Graham & Maryann Feldman, 2007. "Competing on Standards? Entrepreneurship, Intellectual Property and the Platform Paradox," NBER Working Papers 13632, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    8. PARLANE, Sarah & MENIERE, Yann, 2006. "Licensing a standard: fixed fee versus royalty," CORE Discussion Papers 2006116, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE). [Downloadable!]
    9. Aija Leiponen, 2005. "Clubs and Standards: The Role of Industry Consortia in Standardization of Wirelelss Telecommunications," Discussion Papers 997, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]

  7. Josh Lerner & Julie Wulf, 2006. "Innovation and Incentives: Evidence from Corporate R&D," NBER Working Papers 11944, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Fredrik Andersson & Matthew Freedman & John C. Haltiwanger & Julia Lane & Kathryn L. Shaw, 2006. "Reaching for the Stars: Who Pays for Talent in Innovative Industries?," NBER Working Papers 12435, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    2. Aija Leiponen & Constance E. Helfat, 2006. "When Does Distributed Innovation Activity Make Sense? Location, Decentralization, and Innovation Success," Discussion Papers 1063, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    3. Erika Harden & Douglas L. Kruse & Joseph R. Blasi, 2008. "Who Has a Better Idea? Innovation, Shared Capitalism, and HR Policies," NBER Working Papers 14234, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  8. Paul Gompers & Anna Kovner & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2006. "Skill vs. Luck in Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital: Evidence from Serial Entrepreneurs," NBER Working Papers 12592, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Steven N. Kaplan & Mark M. Klebanov & Morten Sorensen, 2008. "Which CEO Characteristics and Abilities Matter?," NBER Working Papers 14195, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  9. Jerry Cao & Josh Lerner, 2006. "The Performance of Reverse Leveraged Buyouts," NBER Working Papers 12626, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Phillip Leslie & Paul Oyer, 2008. "Managerial Incentives and Value Creation: Evidence from Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14331, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Joost Driessen & Tse-Chun Lin & Ludovic Phalippou, 2008. "A New Method to Estimate Risk and Return of Non-Traded Assets from Cash Flows: The Case of Private Equity Funds," NBER Working Papers 14144, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Sharon Katz, 2008. "Earnings Quality and Ownership Structure: The Role of Private Equity Sponsors," NBER Working Papers 14085, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. Ayako Yasuda & Andrew Metrick, 2007. "The economics of private equity funds," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Oct. [Downloadable!]

  10. Lerner, Josh & Strojwas, Marcin & Tirole, Jean, 2005. "The Design of Patent Pools: The Determinants of Licensing Rules," IDEI Working Papers 187, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Klaus M. Schmidt, 2008. "Complementary Patents and Market Structure," Discussion Papers 249, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    2. Dequiedt, V. & Menière, Y. & Trommetter, M., 2007. "Collective management of intellectual property rights," Working Papers 200703, Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL). [Downloadable!]
    3. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2004. "Efficient Patent Pools," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 94(3), pages 691-711, June. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Joachim Henkel & Stefanie Pangerl, 2008. "Defensive Publishing An Empirical Study," DRUID Working Papers 08-04, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    5. Patrick Gaulé, 2006. "Towards Patent Pools in Biotechnology?," CEMI Working Papers cemi-report-2006-010, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Collège du Management de la Technologie, Management of Technology and Entrepreneurship Institute, Chaire en Economie et Management de l'Innovation. [Downloadable!]

  11. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wong, 2005. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices? The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 11136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Zwart, G.J. de & Frieser, B. & Dijk, D.J.C. van, 2007. "A Recommitment Strategy for Long Term Private Equity Fund Investors," Research Paper ERS-2007-097-F&A Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    2. Oliver, Gottschalg & Ludovic, Phalippou, 2006. "The performance of private equity funds," Les Cahiers de Recherche 852, HEC Paris. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Axelson, Ulf & Strömberg, Per Johan & Weisbach, Michael, 2007. "Why are Buyouts Leveraged? The Financial Structure of Private Equity Firms," CEPR Discussion Papers 6133, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Canela, Miguel A., 2008. "Limited partners' perceptions of the Central Eastern European venture capital and private equity market," IESE Research Papers D/727, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    5. Cronqvist, Henrik & Fahlenbrach, Rüdiger, 2007. "Large Shareholders and Corporate Policies," SIFR Research Report Series 60, Institute for Financial Research. [Downloadable!]
    6. Douglas Cumming & Grant Fleming & Armin Schwienbacher, 2008. "Financial intermediaries, ownership structure and the provision of venture capital to SMEs: evidence from Japan," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 59-92, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Lai, Richard, 2006. "Why Funds of Funds?," MPRA Paper 4762, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    8. Boyan Jovanovic & Balà zs Szentes, 2007. "On the Return to Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 12874, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Jialan Wang, 2008. "Secrets of the Academy: The Drivers of University Endowment Success," NBER Working Papers 14341, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Cronqvist, Henrik & Fahlenbrach, Rudiger, 2007. "Large Shareholders and Corporate Policies," Working Paper Series 2006-14, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    12. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Corporate social responsibility: domestic and international private equity institutional investment," Discussion Paper 2, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    13. Ulf Axelson & Per Stromberg & Michael S. Weisbach, 2007. "Why are Buyouts Levered: The Financial Structure of Private Equity Funds," NBER Working Papers 12826, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:

  12. Josh Lerner & Ulrike Malmendier, 2005. "Contractibility and the Design of Research Agreements," NBER Working Papers 11292, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Marco Furlotti, 2007. "There is more to contracts than incompleteness: a review and assessment of empirical research on inter-firm contract design," Journal of Management and Governance, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 61-99, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  13. Paul Gompers & Anna Kovner & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2005. "Venture Capital Investment Cycles: The Impact of Public Markets," NBER Working Papers 11385, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-François L’Her & Jean-Marc Suret, 2008. "Does securities regulation constrain small business finance? An empirical analysis," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 363-377, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Ulrich Lossen, 2006. "The Performance of Private Equity Funds: Does Diversification Matter?," Discussion Papers 192, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    3. T. Vanacker, 2009. "A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Venture Capital Firm Heterogeneity on Portfolio Company Growth," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 09/552, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    4. Manju Puri & Rebecca Zarutskie, 2008. "On the Lifecycle Dynamics of Venture-Capital- and Non-Venture-Capital-Financed Firms," NBER Working Papers 14250, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. Marco Da Rin & María Fabiana Penas, 2007. "The Effect of Venture Capital on Innovation Strategies," NBER Working Papers 13636, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    6. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2009. "Extensive and Intensive Investment over the Business Cycle," NBER Working Papers 14960, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Tereza Tykvová, 2006. "How do investment patterns of independent and captive private equity funds differ? Evidence from Germany," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 399-418, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Sorensen, Morten, 2007. "Learning by Investing: Evidence from Venture Capital," SIFR Research Report Series 53, Institute for Financial Research. [Downloadable!]
    9. Vanacker, T. & Manigart, S. & Meuleman, M., 2008. "Towards an evolutionary model of the entrepreneurial financing process: insights from biotechnology startups," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-09, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. P. Mohnen & F. Palm & S. Loeff & A. Tiwari, 2008. "Financial Constraints and Other Obstacles: are they a Threat to Innovation Activity?," De Economist, Springer, vol. 156(2), pages 201-214, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Dirk Bergemann & Ulrich Hege & Liang Peng, 2008. "Venture Capital and Sequential Investments," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1682R, Cowles Foundation, Yale University, revised Mar 2009. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  14. Lerner, Josh & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Transaction Structures in the Developing World: Evidence from Private Equity," Working papers 4468-04, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:

    Cited by:

    1. Julia Hirsch & Uwe Walz, 2006. "Why Do Contracts Differ between VC Types? Market Segmentation versus Corporate Governance Varieties," CFS Working Paper Series 2006/12, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    2. Cinzia Colapinto, 2007. "A way to foster innovation: a venture capital district from Silicon Valley and route 128 to Waterloo Region," International Review of Economics, Springer, vol. 54(3), pages 319-343, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    3. Laura Bottazzi & Marco Da Rin & Thomas Hellmann, 2004. "Active Financial Intermediation: Evidence on the Role of Organizational Specialization and Human Capital," Working Papers 266, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  15. Josh Lerner, 2004. "The New New Financial Thing: The Sources of Innovation Before and After State Street," NBER Working Papers 10223, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Bronwyn H. Hall & Grid Thoma & Salvatore Torrisi, 2009. "Financial Patenting in Europe," NBER Working Papers 14714, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Bronwyn H. Hall & Lee Manfred, 2007. "Innovation in non-bank payment systems," Proceedings – Payments System Research Conferences, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. [Downloadable!]

  16. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2004. "A Model of Forum Shopping, with Special Reference to Standard Setting Organizations," NBER Working Papers 10664, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. David Gill & Daniel Sgroi, 2005. "Sequential Decisions with Tests," Economics Series Working Papers 242, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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    2. Rick Harbaugh & John W. Maxwell & Beatrice Roussillon, 2006. "The Groucho Effect of Uncertain Standards," Working Papers 2006-09, Indiana University, Kelley School of Business, Department of Business Economics and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
    3. Benjamin Chiao & Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2005. "The Rules of Standard Setting Organizations: An Empirical Analysis," NBER Working Papers 11156, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    4. Alexandre Gaudeul & Bruno Jullien, 2005. "E-commerce, two-sided markets and info-mediation," Industrial Organization 0503014, EconWPA, revised 05 Apr 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    5. Nicholas Economides, 2006. "Public Policy in Network Industries," Working Papers 06-17, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Aija Leiponen, 2005. "Clubs and Standards: The Role of Industry Consortia in Standardization of Wirelelss Telecommunications," Discussion Papers 997, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]

  17. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2004. "The Economics of Technology Sharing: Open Source and Beyond," NBER Working Papers 10956, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Eilhard, Jan, 2008. "Firms on SourceForge," MPRA Paper 7809, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    2. Stephane Verani, 2006. "Open Source Development in a Differentiated Duopoly," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 06-05, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    3. Evangelos Katsamakas & Mingdi Xin, 2005. "An economic analysis of enterprise adoption of open source software," Working Papers 05-29, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
    4. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Two-sided competition of proprietary vs. open source technology platforms and the implications for the software industry1," Working Papers 05-06, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    5. Deng, Feng, 2008. "What Is “Open”? An Economic Analysis of Open Institutions," MPRA Paper 8888, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    6. Robert M. Sauer, 2007. "Why Develop Open Source Software? The Role of Non-Pecuniary Benefits, Monetary Rewards and Open Source Licence Type," IZA Discussion Papers 3197, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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    7. Marc Bourreau & Pinar Dogan & Matthieu Manant, 2007. "Modularity and Product Innovation in Digital Markets," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 6(2), pages 175-193, June. [Downloadable!]
    8. Henry Sauermann & Wesley M. Cohen, 2008. "What Makes Them Tick? Employee Motives and Firm Innovation," NBER Working Papers 14443, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Josh Lerner & Parag A. Pathak & Jean Tirole, 2006. "The Dynamics of Open-Source Contributors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 114-118, May. [Downloadable!]
    10. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Linux vs. Windows: A comparison of application and platform innovation incentives for open source and proprietary software platforms+," Working Papers 05-03, NET Institute, revised Sep 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Michele Boldrin & David K Levine, 2006. "Perfectly Competitive Innovation," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000954, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
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    12. Marcel Boyer & Jacques Robert, 2006. "The Economics of Free and Open Source Software: Contributions to a Government Policy on Open Source Software," CIRANO Project Reports 2006rp-03, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    13. James, Jennifer S. & Pardey, Philip G. & Alston, Julian M., 2008. "Agricultural R&D Policy: A Tragedy of the International Commons," Staff Papers 43094, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics. [Downloadable!]
    14. Andras Niedermayer, 2007. "On Platforms, Incomplete Contracts, and Open Source Software," Diskussionsschriften dp0707, Universitaet Bern, Departement Volkswirtschaft. [Downloadable!]
    15. Ioana Popovici, 2007. "The Determinants of Open Source Quality: An Empirical Investigation," Working Papers 0704, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    16. Michele Boldrin & David K Levine, 2008. "Market Structure and Property Rights in Open Source Industries," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000002269, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
    17. Marc Blatter & Andras Niedermayer, 2008. "Informational Hold-Up, Disclosure Policy, and Career Concerns on the Example of Open Source Software Development," Working Papers 08-06, NET Institute, revised Sep 2008. [Downloadable!]
    18. Guido Cozzi & Silvia Galli, 2009. "Science-Based R&D in Schumpeterian Growth," Working Papers 2009_19, Department of Economics, University of Glasgow. [Downloadable!]
    19. Marcel Boyer & Jacques Robert, 2005. "L’économie du logiciel libre et ouvert
      Recommandations en vue d’une politique gouvernementale à l’égard du logiciel libre (open source software)      ," CIRANO Project Reports 2005rp-05, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    20. Frank A.G. den Butter & Stefan P.T. Groot & Faroek Lazrak, 2007. "The Transaction Costs Perspective on Standards as a Source of Trade and Productivity Growth," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 07-090/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
    21. Alex Gaudeul, 2005. "Public provision of a private good: What is the point of the BSD license?," Industrial Organization 0511002, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    22. Blecker, Thorsten & Abdelkafi, Nizar & Raasch, Christina, 2008. "Enabling and Sustaining Collaborative Innovation," MPRA Paper 8964, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]

  18. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2003. "Entrepreneurial Spawning: Public Corporations and the Genesis of New Ventures, 1986-1999," NBER Working Papers 9816, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Harhoff, Dietmar & Hoisl, Karin, 2006. "Everything you Always Wanted to Know About Inventors (But Never Asked): Evidence from the PatVal-EU Survey," Discussion Papers in Business Administration 1261, University of Munich, Munich School of Management. [Downloadable!]
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    2. Andrew A. Toole & Dirk Czarnitzki, 2005. "Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurship Through the SBIR Program," NBER Working Papers 11450, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  19. Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2003. "The Scope of Open Source Licensing," IDEI Working Papers 219, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
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    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Simon Gaechter & Georg von Krogh & Stefan Haefliger, 2006. "Private-Collective Innovation and the Fragility of Knowledge Sharing," Discussion Papers 2006-21, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham. [Downloadable!]
    2. Bitzer, Jürgen & Schrettl, Wolfram & Schröder, Philipp J.H., 2006. "Intrinsic Motivation versus Signaling in Open Source Software Development," Working Papers 06-7, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    3. Stephane Verani, 2006. "Open Source Development in a Differentiated Duopoly," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 06-05, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    4. Chaim Fershtman & Neil Gandal, 2007. "Open source software: Motivation and restrictive licensing," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 209-225, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. Robert M. Sauer, 2007. "Why Develop Open Source Software? The Role of Non-Pecuniary Benefits, Monetary Rewards and Open Source Licence Type," IZA Discussion Papers 3197, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Josh Lerner & Parag A. Pathak & Jean Tirole, 2006. "The Dynamics of Open-Source Contributors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 114-118, May. [Downloadable!]
    7. Michael Schwarz & Yuri Takhteyev, 2009. "Half a Century of Public Software Institutions: Open Source as a Solution to Hold-Up Problem," NBER Working Papers 14946, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Fabio M. Manenti & Stefano Comino & Marialaura Parisi, 2005. "From Planning to Mature: on the Determinants of Open Source Take-Off," Industrial Organization 0507006, EconWPA, revised 29 Sep 2005. [Downloadable!]
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    9. Paul A. David & Francesco Rullani, 2006. "Micro-dynamics of Free and Open Source Software Development. Lurking, laboring and launching new projects on SourceForge," LEM Papers Series 2006/26, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    10. Thorsten Wichmann & Pio Baake, 2003. "Open Source Software, Competition and Potential Entry," Berlecon Research Papers 0005, Berlecon Research. [Downloadable!]
    11. Crémer, Jacques & Gaudeul, Alexandre, 2004. "Quelques éléments d'économie du logiciel libre," IDEI Working Papers 277, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
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    12. Egon Franck & Carola Jungwirth & Benno Luthiger, 2005. "Motivation und Engagement beim OSS-Programmieren- Eine empirische Analyse," Working Papers 0036, University of Zurich, Institute for Strategy and Business Economics (ISU). [Downloadable!]
    13. Onetti Alberto & Verma Sameer, 2008. "Licensing and Business Models," Economics and Quantitative Methods qf0805, Department of Economics, University of Insubria. [Downloadable!]
    14. Stephen M. Maurer & Suzanne Scotchmer, 2006. "Open Source Software: The New Intellectual Property Paradigm," NBER Working Papers 12148, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Francesco Rullani, 2006. "Dragging developers towards the core. How the Free/Libre/Open Source Software community enhances developers’ contribution," LEM Papers Series 2006/22, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    16. Ioana Popovici, 2007. "The Determinants of Open Source Quality: An Empirical Investigation," Working Papers 0704, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    17. Stefano Comino & Fabio Manenti, 2005. "Government Policies Supporting Open Source Software for the Mass Market," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 217-240, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Stefano Comino & Fabio M. Manenti, 2007. "Dual licensing in open source software markets," Department of Economics Working Papers 0718, Department of Economics, University of Trento, Italia. [Downloadable!]
    19. Arto Seppä, 2006. "Open Source in Finnish Software Companies," Discussion Papers 1002, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    20. Francesco Rullani, 2006. "Dragging developers towards the core," CESPRI Working Papers 190, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Feb 2007. [Downloadable!]
    21. Patrick Legros, 2005. "Art and the Internet: Blessing the Curse?," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000502, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    22. Alexandre Gaudeul, 2004. "The LaTeX project: A case study of open-source software," Industrial Organization 0409009, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  20. Josh Lerner, 2003. "150 Years of Patent Protection: Data," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000592, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Patrick Legros, 2005. "Art and the Internet: Blessing the Curse?," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000502, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  21. Mihir Desai & Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2003. "Institutions, Capital Constraints and Entrepreneurial Firm Dynamics: Evidence from Europe," NBER Working Papers 10165, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Elisa Galeotti, 2009. "Do Domestic Firms Benefit from Geographical Proximity with Foreign Investors? Evidence from the Privatization of the Czech Glass Industry," AUCO Czech Economic Review, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, vol. 3(1), pages 026-047, March. [Downloadable!]
    2. Matthias Benz, . "Entrepreneurship as a non-profit-seeking activity," IEW - Working Papers iewwp243, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics - IEW. [Downloadable!]
    3. Leora Klapper & Luc Laeven & Raghuram Rajan, 2004. "Business Environment and Firm Entry: Evidence from International Data," NBER Working Papers 10380, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    4. John Bennett & Saul Estrin, 2006. "Regulatory Barriers and Entry in Developing Economies," Economics and Finance Discussion Papers 06-08, Economics and Finance Section, School of Social Sciences, Brunel University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    5. Christiane Clemens & Maik Heinemann, 2008. "On Entrepreneurial Risk–Taking and the Macroeconomic Effects of Financial Constraints," Working Paper Series in Economics 103, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    6. Silvia Ardagna & Annamaria Lusardi, 2008. "Explaining International Differences in Entrepreneurship: The Role of Individual Characteristics and Regulatory Constraints," NBER Chapters, in: International Differences in Entrepreneurship National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
    7. Naude, Wim, 2008. "Entrepreneurship in Economic Development," Working Papers RP2008/20, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER). [Downloadable!]
    8. Yuen-Ping Ho & Poh-Kam Wong, 2007. "Financing, Regulatory Costs and Entrepreneurial Propensity," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 187-204, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Paolo Angelini & Andrea Generale, 2005. "Firm Size Distribution: Do Financial Constraints Explain It All? Evidence From Survey Data," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 549, Bank of Italy, Economic Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    10. Bottazzi, L. & Da Rin, M. & Hellmann, T., 2008. "What is the Role of Legal Systems in Financial Intermediation? Theory and Evidence," Discussion Paper 2008-014, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Laura Alfaro & Andrew Charlton, 2007. "International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity," NBER Working Papers 13118, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    12. Bo Becker & Jagadeesh Sivadasan, 2006. "The effect of financial development on the investment-cash flow relationship - cross-country evidence from Europe," Working Paper Series 689, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    13. Clemens, Christiane, 2004. "Entrepreneurship and Growth - An Overlapping Generations Approach -," Diskussionspapiere der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Hannover dp-304, Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät. [Downloadable!]
    14. Nyström, Kristina, 2008. "Regional Institutional Environment and Swedish Regional New Firm Formation," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 142, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies. [Downloadable!]
    15. Sjoerd Beugelsdijk, 2007. "Entrepreneurial culture, regional innovativeness and economic growth," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 187-210, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    16. Serguei Kaniovski & Michael Peneder, 2008. "Determinants of firm survival: a duration analysis using the generalized gamma distribution," Empirica, Springer, vol. 35(1), pages 41-58, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    17. Blandina Oliveira & Adelino Fortunato, 2006. "Firm Growth and Liquidity Constraints: A Dynamic Analysis," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 139-156, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    18. Da Rin, M. & Di Giacomo, M. & Sembenelli, A., 2008. "Firm Entry Dynamics and Taxation of Corporate Profits: Evidence from Europe," Discussion Paper 2008-65, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    19. Daron Acemoglu & Simon Johnson & Todd Mitton, 2005. "Determinants of Vertical Integration: Finance, Contracts, and Regulation," NBER Working Papers 11424, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    20. Renata Kosova & Meghana Ayyagari, 2006. "Does FDI facilitate Domestic Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the Czech Republic," Working Papers 0008, School of Business, The George Washington University. [Downloadable!]
    21. Era Dabla-Norris & Gabriela Inchauste, 2007. "Informality and Regulations: What Drives Firm Growth?," IMF Working Papers 07/112, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    22. Silvia Ardagna & Annamaria Lusardi, 2009. "Where does regulation hurt? Evidence from new businesses across countries," NBER Working Papers 14747, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    23. Axel Dreher & Martin Gassebner, 2007. "Greasing the Wheels of Entrepreneurship? The Impact of Regulations and Corruption on Firm Entry," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    24. Kristina Nyström, 2008. "The institutions of economic freedom and entrepreneurship: evidence from panel data," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 136(3), pages 269-282, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    25. Frances Ruane & Padraig Moore, 2005. "Taxation and the Financial Structure of Foreign Direct Investment," The Institute for International Integration Studies Discussion Paper Series iiisdp88, IIIS. [Downloadable!]
    26. John Bennett & Saul Estrin, 2006. "Regulatory Barriers & Entry in Developing Economies," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 824, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
    27. Silvia Ardagna & Annamaria Lusardi, 2008. "Explaining International Differences in Entrepreneurship: The Role of Individual Characteristics and Regulatory Constraints," NBER Working Papers 14012, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    28. Laura Alfaro & Andrew Charlton, 2006. "International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurship," CEP Discussion Papers dp0755, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    29. Cristina Arellano & Yan Bai & Jing Zhang, 2009. "Firm dynamics and financial development," Staff Report 392, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  22. Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2003. "Efficient Patent Pools," IDEI Working Papers 211, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Lerner, Josh & Strojwas, Marcin & Tirole, Jean, 2005. "The Design of Patent Pools: The Determinants of Licensing Rules," IDEI Working Papers 187, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
    2. Mario Calderini & Giuseppe Scellato, 2004. "Intellectual property rights as strategic assets: the case of european patent opposition in the telecommunication industry," CESPRI Working Papers 158, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Jul 2004. [Downloadable!]
    3. Mathias Dewatripont & Patrick Legros, 2008. ""Essential" Patents, FRAND Royalties and Technological Standards," ECARES Working Papers 2008_010, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecares. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Derek J. Clark & Kai A. Konrad, 2006. "Fragmented property rights and R&D competition," Discussion Papers 123, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    5. Noriaki Matsushima & Tomomichi Mizuno, 2009. "Vertical Separation as a Defense against Strong Suppliers," ISER Discussion Paper 0755, Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University. [Downloadable!]
    6. Langinier, Corinne, 2006. "Pool of Basic Patents and Follow-up Innovations," Staff General Research Papers 12647, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Marc Bourreau & Pinar Dogan & Matthieu Manant, 2007. "Modularity and Product Innovation in Digital Markets," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 6(2), pages 175-193, June. [Downloadable!]
    8. Schmidt, Klaus M., 2008. "Complementary Patents and Market Structure," CEPR Discussion Papers 7005, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Jay Pil Choi, 2003. "Pools and Cross-Licensing in the Shadow of Patent Litigation," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    10. A. Jorge Padilla & Damien Geradin & Anne Layne-Farrar, 2007. "Royalty Stacking In High Tech Industries: Separating Myth From Reality," Working Papers wp2007_0701, CEMFI. [Downloadable!]
    11. Dequiedt, V. & Versaevel, B., 2004. "Patent pools and the dynamic incentives to R&D," Working Papers 200412, Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    12. Jo Reynaerts & Patrick Van Cayseele, 2007. "Complementary Platforms," LICOS Discussion Papers 18607, LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance, K.U.Leuven. [Downloadable!]
    13. Klaus Schmidt, 2009. "Complementary Patents and Market Structure," Discussion Papers 274, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    14. Klaus Kultti & Tuomas Takalo & Juuso Toikka, 2005. "Patents Hinder Collusion," Industrial Organization 0503015, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    15. Reiko Aoki & Aaron Schiff, 2007. "Intellectual Property Access Systems," Discussion Paper Series a491, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    16. Klaus M. Schmidt, 2008. "Complementary Patents and Market Structure," Discussion Papers 249, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    17. Alexandre Almeida & Aurora A.C. Teixeira, 2007. "Does Patenting negatively impact on R&D investment?An international panel data assessment," FEP Working Papers 255, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto. [Downloadable!]
    18. Andrei Hagiu, 2004. "Two-Sided Platforms: Pricing and Social Efficiency," Discussion papers 04035, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
    19. Cugno Franco & Ottoz Elisabetta, 2007. "Patent-secret mix in complex product firms," Department of Economics Working Papers 200707, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    20. Steffen Brenner, 2009. "Optimal formation rules for patent pools," Economic Theory, Springer, vol. 40(3), pages 373-388, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    21. Grimaud, André & Tournemaine, Frédéric, 2004. "Social Value of Innovations, Distortions and R&D Investment: First Best versus Second Best Equilibria in Growth Models," IDEI Working Papers 279, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse, revised Dec 2004. [Downloadable!]
    22. Alberto Galasso & Mark Schankerman, 2008. "Patent Thickets and the Market for Innovation: Evidence from Settlement of Patent Disputes," CEP Discussion Papers dp0889, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    23. Reiko Aoki & Sadao Nagaoka, 2004. "The Consortium Standard and Patent Pools," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d04-32, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    24. James Bessen, 2004. "Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies," Working Papers 0401, Research on Innovation. [Downloadable!]
    25. Dequiedt, V. & Menière, Y. & Trommetter, M., 2007. "Collective management of intellectual property rights," Working Papers 200703, Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL). [Downloadable!]
    26. Alberto Galasso, 2007. "Broad Cross-License Agreements andPersuasive Patent Litigation: Theory andEvidence from the Semiconductor Industry," STICERD - Economics of Industry Papers 45, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    27. Rieko Aoki & Aaron Schiff, 2009. "Collective Rights Organizations and Investment in Upstream R&D," Global COE Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series gd08-045, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
    28. Yann Ménière & Sarah Parlane, 2004. "A Dynamic Model of Cross Licensing," Working Papers 200424, School Of Economics, University College Dublin. [Downloadable!]
    29. Jeffrey L. Furman & Scott Stern, 2006. "Climbing Atop the Shoulders of Giants: The Impact of Institutions on Cumulative Research," NBER Working Papers 12523, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    30. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole & Marcin Strojwas, 2003. "Cooperative Marketing Agreements Between Competitors: Evidence from Patent Pools," NBER Working Papers 9680, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    31. Rey, Patrick & Tirole, Jean, 2007. "Financing and Access in Cooperatives," IDEI Working Papers 404, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    32. Schneider, Cédric, 2005. "Fences and competition in patent races," MPRA Paper 2087, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    33. Ganslandt, Mattias, 2008. "Intellectual Property Rights and Competition Policy," Working Paper Series 726, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    34. Patrick Gaulé, 2006. "Towards Patent Pools in Biotechnology?," CEMI Working Papers cemi-report-2006-010, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Collège du Management de la Technologie, Management of Technology and Entrepreneurship Institute, Chaire en Economie et Management de l'Innovation. [Downloadable!]
    35. Grimaud, André & Tournemaine, Frédéric, 2003. "Funding Directly Research in Growth Models Without Intermediate Goods," IDEI Working Papers 207, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]

  23. Josh Lerner & Antoinetter Schoar, 2002. "The Illiquidity Puzzle: Theory and Evidence from Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 9146, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Zwart, G.J. de & Frieser, B. & Dijk, D.J.C. van, 2007. "A Recommitment Strategy for Long Term Private Equity Fund Investors," Research Paper ERS-2007-097-F&A Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    2. Arnoud W.A. Boot & Radhakrishnan Gopalan & Anjan V. Thakor, 2003. "Go Public or Stay Private: A Theory of Entrepreneurial Choice," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 03-096/2, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Kaplan, Steve & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence and Capital Flows," Working papers 4446-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Is it the law or the lawyers? : Investment fund covernants across countries," Discussion Paper 05, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    5. Oliver, Gottschalg & Ludovic, Phalippou, 2006. "The performance of private equity funds," Les Cahiers de Recherche 852, HEC Paris. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Advice and monitoring in venture finance," Discussion Paper 03, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Canela, Miguel A., 2008. "Limited partners' perceptions of the Central Eastern European venture capital and private equity market," IESE Research Papers D/727, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    8. McCahery, J.A. & Vermeulen, E.P.M., 2003. "The evolution of closely held business forms in Europe," Discussion Paper 12, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    9. Douglas Cumming & Daniel Schmidt & Uwe Walz, 2004. "Legality and Venture Governance Around the World," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/17, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    10. M. Meuleman & S. Manigart & A. Lockett & M. Wright, 2006. "Transaction costs, behavioral uncertainty and the formation of interfirm cooperations: Syndication in the UK private equity market," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 06/359, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    11. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wong, 2005. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices? The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 11136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    12. Alexander Ljungqvist & Matthew Richardson & Daniel Wolfenzon, 2008. "The Investment Behavior of Buyout Funds: Theory and Evidence," NBER Working Papers 14180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    13. Chikashi Tsuji, 2005. "Are investors rational in international bond markets?," Applied Financial Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 1(3), pages 169-175, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    14. David Cook & Woon Gyu Choi, 2007. "Financial Market Risk and U.S. Money Demand," IMF Working Papers 07/89, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    15. Ulf Axelson & Per Stromberg & Michael S. Weisbach, 2007. "Why are Buyouts Levered: The Financial Structure of Private Equity Funds," NBER Working Papers 12826, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    16. Groh, Alexander P., 2009. "Private equity in emerging markets," IESE Research Papers D/779, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]

  24. Josh Lerner, 2002. "Patent Protection and Innovation Over 150 Years," NBER Working Papers 8977, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Ioana Popovici, 2006. "Impact of Intellectual Property Rights Reforms on the Diffusion of Knowledge through FDI," Working Papers 0602, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    2. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2005. "Bankruptcy Law and Entrepreneurship," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp300, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Petra Moser, 2005. "How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence from Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(4), pages 1214-1236, September. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  25. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Really Long-Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings: The Pre-NASDAQ Evidence," NBER Working Papers 8505, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Andrew Ang & Li Gu & Yael V. Hochberg, 2006. "Is IPO Underperformance a Peso Problem?," NBER Working Papers 12203, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Dahlquist, Magnus & de Jong, Frank, 2004. "Pseudo Market Timing: Fact or Fiction?," SIFR Research Report Series 24, Institute for Financial Research. [Downloadable!]
    3. Daying Yan & Jun Cai, 2003. "Long-Run Operating Performance of Initial Public Offerings in Japanese Over-the-Counter Market (1991–2001): Evidence and Implications," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 239-274, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. Ilia D. Dichev, 2007. "What Are Stock Investors’ Actual Historical Returns? Evidence from Dollar-Weighted Returns," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(1), pages 386-401, March. [Downloadable!]
    5. Stavros Peristiani, 2003. "Evaluating the riskiness of initial public offerings: 1980-2000," Staff Reports 167, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
    6. David Chambers, 2007. "Financial Dependence and Firm Survival in Interwar Britain," Economics Series Working Papers 360, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    7. Maher Kooli & Jean-François L'Her & Jean-Marc Suret, 2003. "Do IPOs Underperform in the Long-Run? New Evidence from the Canadian Stock Market," CIRANO Working Papers 2003s-16, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    8. Gerald P. Dwyer, Jr. & Cora Barnhart, 2008. "Returns to investors in stocks in new industries," Working Paper 2008-21, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. [Downloadable!]
    9. O. Emre Ergungor & C.N.V. Krishnan & Ajai K. Singh & Allan A. Zebedee, 2005. "Offer-price discount of bank seasoned equity offers: do voluntary and involuntary offers convey different information?," Working Paper 0515, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. [Downloadable!]
    10. O. Emre Ergungor & C.N.V. Krishnan & Ajai K. Singh & Allan A. Zebedee, 2004. "Bank seasoned equity offers: do voluntary and involuntary offers differ?," Working Paper 0414, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. [Downloadable!]
    11. David Chambers, 2007. "Financial Dependence and Firm Survival in Interwar Britain," Economics Series Working Papers 377, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    12. Wai-yan Cheng & Yan-leung Cheung & Yuen-ching Tse, 2005. "The Impact on IPO Performance of More Stringent Listing Rules with a Pre-listing Earnings Requirement: Evidence from Hong Kong," Working Papers 172005, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research. [Downloadable!]

  26. Dan Elfenbein & Josh Lerner, 2001. "Links and Hyperlinks: An Empirical Analysis of Internet Portal Alliances, 1995-1999," NBER Working Papers 8251, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Venkatachalam, Mohan & Rajgopal, Shivaram & Kotha, Suresh, 2000. "Managerial Actions, Stock Returns, and Earnings: The Case of Business-to-Business Internet Firms," Research Papers 1673, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business. [Downloadable!]

  27. Josh Lerner, 2000. "150 Years of Patent Protection," NBER Working Papers 7478, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Sunil Kanwar, 2009. "Intellectual Property Protection And Technology Transfer The Case Of Overseas R & D," Working Papers id:1948, esocialsciences.com. [Downloadable!]
    2. Josh Lerner, 2000. "150 Years of Patent Office Practice," NBER Working Papers 7477, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    3. Josh Lerner, 2002. "Patent Protection and Innovation Over 150 Years," NBER Working Papers 8977, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. Sunil Kanwar, 2007. "Intellectual Property Protection and Technology Transfer: Evidence From US Multinationals," University of California at San Diego, Economics Working Paper Series 2007-05, Department of Economics, UC San Diego. [Downloadable!]
    5. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2001. "Stock Markets in the New Economy," Working Papers 0118, Department of Economics, Vanderbilt University. [Downloadable!]
    6. Thomas Hellmann, 2005. "The Role of Patents for Bridging the Science to Market Gap," NBER Working Papers 11460, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Andreas Panagopoulos, 2004. "Patent Protection As A Stimulant for Risky Innovation. Could TRIPS be Counterproductive?," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 04/566, Department of Economics, University of Bristol, UK. [Downloadable!]
    8. de Rassenfosse, Gaétan & van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, 2008. "A Policy Insight into the R&D-Patent Relationship," CEPR Discussion Papers 6716, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    9. T. N. Srinivasan, 2002. "Developing Countries and the Multilateral Trading System after Doha," Working Papers 842, Economic Growth Center, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
    10. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2005. "General Purpose Technologies," NBER Working Papers 11093, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Paroma Sanyal, 2005. "Peanut Butter Patents Versus the New Economy: Does the Increased Rate of Patenting Signal More Invention or Just Lower Standards?," Industrial Organization 0504013, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    12. Alexandre Almeida & Aurora A.C. Teixeira, 2007. "Does Patenting negatively impact on R&D investment?An international panel data assessment," FEP Working Papers 255, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto. [Downloadable!]
    13. Giovanni Dosi & Luigi Marengo & Corrado Pasquali, 2006. "How Much Should Society Fuel the Greed of Innovators? On the Relations between Appropriability, Opportunities and Rates of Innovation," LEM Papers Series 2006/17, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    14. B. Zorina Khan & Kenneth L. Sokoloff, 2001. "The Early Development of Intellectual Property Institutions in the United States," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(3), pages 233-246, Summer. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Shih-Tse Lo, 2004. "Strenghtening Intellectual Property rights: Experience from the 1986 Taiwanese Patent Reforms," Working Papers 04004, Concordia University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    16. Iain M. Cockburn & Megan J. MacGarvie, 2006. "Entry, Exit and Patenting in the Software Industry," NBER Working Papers 12563, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    17. Corinne Sauer & Robert Sauer, 2007. "Is it possible to have cheaper drugs and preserve the incentive to innovate? The benefits of privatizing the drug approval process," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 32(5), pages 509-524, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Florida, Richard & Gulden, Tim & Mellander, Charlotta, 2008. "The Rise of the Mega-Region," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 129, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies. [Downloadable!]
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    19. Andreas Panagopoulos, 2004. "When Does Patent Protection Stimulate Innovation?," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 04/565, Department of Economics, University of Bristol, UK. [Downloadable!]
    20. Amit Shovon Ray, 2008. "Emerging through Technological Capability: An Overview of India’s Technological Trajectory," Working Papers id:1816, esocialsciences.com. [Downloadable!]
    21. Petra Moser, 2005. "How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence from Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(4), pages 1214-1236, September. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    22. Young-Ro Yoon, 2007. "Endogenous Timing of Actions under Conflict between Two Types of Second Mover Advantage," Caepr Working Papers 2007-013, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Economics Department, Indiana University Bloomington. [Downloadable!]
    23. Sudipto Bhattacharya & Sergei Guriev, 2004. "Knowledge Disclosure, Patents and Optimal Organization of Research and Development," STICERD - Theoretical Economics Paper Series /2004/478, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    24. Dutt, Pushan & Traca, Daniel A., 2005. "Trade and the Skill-Bias - It's Not How Much, But With Whom You Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 5263, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    25. Murat F. Iyigun & X. Maggie Chen, 2004. "Strategic R&D Delays Generate Market Power," Econometric Society 2004 North American Summer Meetings 213, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
    26. Sunil Kanwar, 2006. "Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights," Working papers 142, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    27. Francesco Laforgia & Fabio Montobbio & Luigi Orsenigo, 2007. "IPRs, technological and industrial development and growth: the case of the pharmaceutical industry," CESPRI Working Papers 206, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Oct 2007. [Downloadable!]
    28. Sudipto Bhattacharya & Sergei Guriev, 2004. "Patents vs Trade Secrets: Knowledge Licensing and Spillover," Working Papers w0064, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR), revised Feb 2006. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    29. Petra Moser, 2007. "Why Don't Inventors Patent?," NBER Working Papers 13294, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    30. Sunil Kanwar, 2008. "Intellectual Property Protection And Technology Transfer Evidence From Us Multinationals," Working papers 166, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    31. Patrick Legros, 2005. "Art and the Internet: Blessing the Curse?," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000502, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  28. Josh Lerner, 2000. "Where Does State Street Lead? A First Look at Finance Patents, 1971-2000," NBER Working Papers 7918, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    Cited by:

    1. Carl Shapiro, 2003. "Antitrust Limits to Patent Settlements," Law and Economics 0303004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Helios Herrera & Enrique Schroth, 2005. "Developer's Expertise and the Dynamics of Financial Innovation: Theory and Evidence," Levine's Bibliography 784828000000000290, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    3. Josh Lerner, 2008. "The Litigation of Financial Innovations," NBER Working Papers 14324, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. Helios Herrera & Enrique Schroth, 2005. "Developer's Expertise and the Dynamics of Financial Innovation: Theory and Evidence," Working Papers 0504, Centro de Investigacion Economica, ITAM. [Downloadable!]
    5. Helios Herrera & Enrique Schroth, 2003. "Profitable Innovation Without Patent Protection: The Case of Derivatives," Working Papers 0302, Centro de Investigacion Economica, ITAM. [Downloadable!]

  29. Josh Lerner, 2000. "150 Years of Patent Office Practice," NBER Working Papers 7477, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Iain M. Cockburn & Samuel Kortum & Scott Stern, 2002. "Are All Patent Examiners Equal? The Impact of Examiner Characteristics," NBER Working Papers 8980, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Alfons Palangkaraya & Paul H. Jensen & Elizabeth Webster, 2005. "Determinants of International Patent Examination Outcomes," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2005n06, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]

  30. Josh Lerner & Alexander Tsai, 2000. "Do Equity Financing Cycles Matter? Evidence from Biotechnology Alliances," NBER Working Papers 7464, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Hansen, Zeynep & Higgins, Matthew, 2007. "The Effect of Contractual Complexity on Technology Sourcing Agreements," MPRA Paper 4979, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    2. Chemla, Gilles & Habib, Michel Antoine & Ljungqvist, Alexander P, 2002. "An Analysis of Shareholder Agreements," CEPR Discussion Papers 3457, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    3. Carolin Häussler, 2006. "Can’t Buy Me Rights! —The Contractual Structure of Asymmetrical Inter-firm Collaborations," Discussion Papers 189, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    4. Raine Hermans, 2004. "Finance of Small Bio-pharmaceutical Industry in Finland - Descriptive Analysis," Discussion Papers 888, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    5. Samuel Kortum, 2004. "Special Section: A corner in honour of Zvi Grilich, An R&D Roundtable," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(4), pages 349-363, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    6. Ilan Guedj & David Scharfstein, 2004. "Organizational Scope and Investment: Evidence from the Drug Development Strategies and Performance of Biopharmaceutical Firms," NBER Working Papers 10933, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Claire Champenois & Dirk Engel & Oliver Heneric, 2006. "What kind of German biotechnology start-ups do venture capital companies and corporate investors prefer for equity investments?," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(5), pages 505-518, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Matthew Higgins & Daniel Rodriguez, 2003. "The outsourcing of R&D through acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry," Emory Economics 0324, Department of Economics, Emory University (Atlanta). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Matthew J. Higgins & Paula E. Stephan & Jerry G. Thursby, 2008. "Conveying Quality and Value in Emerging Industries: Star Scientists and the Role of Learning in Biotechnology," NBER Working Papers 14602, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    10. Patricia M. Danzon & Sean Nicholson & Nuno Sousa Pereira, 2003. "Productivity in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology R&D: The Role of Experience and Alliances," NBER Working Papers 9615, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Thomas Gehrig & Rune Stenbacka, 2003. "Venture Cycles: Theory and Evidence," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    12. Bronwyn H. Hall, 2002. "The Financing of Research and Development," NBER Working Papers 8773, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    13. Avenel, E. & Corolleur, F. & Gauthier, C. & Rieu, C., 2005. "Start-ups, firm growth and the consolidation of the French biotech industry," Working Papers 200503, Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL). [Downloadable!]
    14. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    15. Raine Hermans & Antti-Jussi Tahvanainen, 2002. "Ownership and Financial Structure of Biotechnology SMEs: Evidence from Finland," Discussion Papers 835, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    16. Kim, Jongwook & Mahoney, Joseph T., 2006. "How Property Rights Economics Furthers the Resource-Based View: Resources, Transaction Costs and Entrepreneurial Discovery," Working Papers 06-0100, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Business. [Downloadable!]
    17. Sean Nicholson & Patricia M. Danzon & Jeffrey McCullough, 2002. "Biotech-Pharmaceutical Alliances as a Signal of Asset and Firm Quality," NBER Working Papers 9007, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    18. Joseph Golec & Shantaram Hegde & John A. Vernon, 2005. "Pharmaceutical Stock Price Reactions to Price Constraint Threats and Firm-Level R&D Spending," NBER Working Papers 11229, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    19. Eliasson, Gunnar & Eliasson, Åsa, 2004. "The Theory of the Firm and the Markets for Strategic Acquisitions," Ratio Working Papers 44, The Ratio Institute. [Downloadable!]

  31. Josh Lerner & Jean Triole, 2000. "The Simple Economics of Open Source," NBER Working Papers 7600, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Markus Pasche & Sebastian von Engelhardt, 2004. "Volkswirtschaftliche Aspekte der Open-Source-Softwareentwicklung," Jenaer Schriften zur Wirtschaftswissenschaft 18/2004, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät. [Downloadable!]
    2. Arjo Klamer & Hendrik P. van Dalen, 2001. "Attention and the Art of Scientific Publishing," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 01-022/1, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Deng, Feng, 2008. "What Is “Open”? An Economic Analysis of Open Institutions," MPRA Paper 8888, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    4. Xavier Lecocq & Benoît Demil, 2005. "Les effets de l’introduction d’un système ouvert sur la structure d’un secteur : le cas de l’industrie américaine du jeu de rôle," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, Editions Economica, vol. 8(3), pages 105-123, September. [Downloadable!]
    5. Alessandro Rossi & Alessandro Narduzzo, 2003. "Modular design and the development of complex artifact lesson fron free open source software," Quaderni DISA 080, Department of Computer and Management Sciences, University of Trento, Italy, revised 29 Sep 2003. [Downloadable!]
    6. Juan Mateos Garcia & W. Edward Steinmueller, 2003. "The Open Source Way of Working: a New Paradigm for the Division of Labour in Software Development?," SPRU Electronic Working Paper Series 92, University of Sussex, SPRU - Science and Technology Policy Research. [Downloadable!]
    7. Alessandro Narduzzo & Alessandro Rossi, 2003. "Modular Design and the Development of Complex Artifacts: Lessons from Free/Open Source Software," ROCK Working Papers 021, Department of Computer and Management Sciences, University of Trento, Italy, revised 12 Jun 2008. [Downloadable!]
    8. Giovanni Baiocchi, 2007. "Reproducible research in computational economics: guidelines, integrated approaches, and open source software," Computational Economics, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 19-40, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Paola Giuri & Gaia Rocchetti & Salvatore Torrisi, 2002. "Open Source Software: From Open Science to New Marketing Models," LEM Papers Series 2002/23, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    10. Frank A.G. den Butter & Stefan P.T. Groot & Faroek Lazrak, 2007. "The Transaction Costs Perspective on Standards as a Source of Trade and Productivity Growth," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 07-090/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
    11. Patrick DeGraba, 2002. "The Economics of Open Source Software: A Survey of the Early Literature," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 66-74, March. [Downloadable!]
    12. Alexandre Gaudeul, 2004. "The LaTeX project: A case study of open-source software," Industrial Organization 0409009, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  32. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1999. "What Drives Venture Capital Fundraising?," NBER Working Papers 6906, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Keuschnigg, Christian & Nielsen, Soren Bo, 2003. "Taxation and Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 4097, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    2. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Optimal Public Policy For Venture Capital Backed Innovation," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-09, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Zwart, G.J. de & Frieser, B. & Dijk, D.J.C. van, 2007. "A Recommitment Strategy for Long Term Private Equity Fund Investors," Research Paper ERS-2007-097-F&A Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    4. Colin Mayer & Koen Schoors & Yishay Yafeh, 2003. "Sources of Funds and Investment Activities of Venture Capital Funds: Evidence from Germany, Israel, Japan and the UK," NBER Working Papers 9645, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    5. James A. Brander & Edward J. Egan & Thomas F. Hellmann, 2008. "Government Sponsored versus Private Venture Capital: Canadian Evidence," NBER Working Papers 14029, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    6. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2002. "Start-ups, Venture Capitalits, and the Capital Gains Tax," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Henrekson, Magnus & Rosenberg, Nathan, 2000. "Incentives for Academic Entrepreneurship and Economic Performance: Sweden and the United States," Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 362, Stockholm School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    8. Kaplan, Steve & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence and Capital Flows," Working papers 4446-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Clemens Fuest & Bernd Huber & Philipp Tillessen, 2003. "Tax Policy and Entrepreneurship in the Presence of Asymmetric Information in Capital Markets," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    10. Diana Marina Del COlle, & Paolo Finaldi Russo & Andrea Generale, 2006. "The Causes and Consequences of Venture Capital Financing. An Analysis based on a Sample of Italian Firms," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 584, Bank of Italy, Economic Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    11. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Backed Innovation," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    12. Ralf Becker & Thomas Hellmann, 2003. "The Genesis of Venture Capital - Lessons from the German Experience," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    13. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2005. "Bankruptcy Law and Entrepreneurship," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp300, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    14. Mayer, Colin & Schoors, Koen & Yafeh, Yishay, 2001. "Sources of Funds and Investment Strategies of Venture Capital Funds: Evidence from Germany, Israel, Japan and the UK," CEI Working Paper Series 2001-24, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    15. Gil Avnimelech & Martin Kenney & Morris Teubal, 2004. "Building Venture Capital Industries: Understanding the U.S. and Israeli Experiences," UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, Working Paper Series 1059, UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
    16. Dirk Engel & Claire Champenois & Oliver Heneric, 2004. "The Birth of German Biotechnology Industry – Did Venture Capital run the show?," RWI Discussion Papers 0016, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung. [Downloadable!]
    17. Pierre Giot & Armin Schwienbacher, 2003. "IPOs, Trade Sales and Liquidations: Modelling Venture Capital Exits Using Survival Analysis," Finance 0312006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    18. Martin D. Dietz, 2004. "Dividend and Capital Gains Taxation in a Cross-Section of Firms," Public Economics 0405004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    19. Bronwyn H. Hall, 2003. "The Financing of Research and Development," Finance 0303003, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    20. Marco Da Rin & Giovanna Nicodano & Alessandro Sembenelli, 2004. "Public Policy and the Creation of Active Venture Capital Markets," Working Papers 270, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    21. Joshua S. Gans & Scott Stern, 2000. "When Does Funding Research by Smaller Firms Bear Fruit?: Evidence from the SBIR Program," NBER Working Papers 7877, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    22. Ari Hyytinen & Mika Pajarinen, 2001. "Financial Systems and Venture Capital in Nordic Countries: A comparative Study," Discussion Papers 774, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    23. José Martí Pellón & Marina Balboa, 2001. "Determinants Of Private Equity Fundraising In Western Europe," Working Papers. Serie AD 2001-15, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie). [Downloadable!]
    24. Vanacker, T. & Manigart, S. & Meuleman, M., 2008. "Towards an evolutionary model of the entrepreneurial financing process: insights from biotechnology startups," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-09, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    25. Josh Lerner, 2002. "When Bureaucrats Meet Entrepreneurs: The Design of Effective "Public Venture Capital" Programmes," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F73-F84, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    26. Leonardo Hernández & Fernando Parro, 2004. "Financial System and Economic Growth in Chile," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 291, Central Bank of Chile. [Downloadable!]
    27. Norbert Berthold & Rainer Fehn, 2003. "Unemployment in Germany: Reasons and Remedies," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    28. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    29. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Public Taxation and Venture Capital Backed Entrepreneurship," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-17, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
    30. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wong, 2005. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices? The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 11136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    31. Paul Gompers & Anna Kovner & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2005. "Venture Capital Investment Cycles: The Impact of Public Markets," NBER Working Papers 11385, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    32. Schertler, Andrea, 2001. "Venture Capital in Europe's Common Market: A Quantitative Description," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 4, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    33. Henrekson, Magnus & Rosenberg, Nathan, 2000. "Designing Efficient Institutions for Science-Based Entrepreneurship: Lessons from the US and Sweden," Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 410, Stockholm School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    34. Michelacci, Claudio & Suarez, Javier, 2002. "Business Creation and the Stock Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 3513, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    35. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Taxes and Venture Capital Support," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    36. José Martí Pellón & Marina Balboa, 2003. "Characterisation Of The Reputation Of Private Equity Managers: Evidence In Spain," Working Papers. Serie EC 2003-16, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie). [Downloadable!]
    37. John Armour, 2002. "Law, Innovation and Finance: A Review," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp243, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]

  33. Adam B. Jaffe & Josh Lerner, 1999. "Privatizing R&D: Patent Policy and the Commercialization of National Laboratory Technologies," NBER Working Papers 7064, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Heidrun C. Hoppe & Emre Ozdenoren, 2002. "Intermediation in Innovation," CIG Working Papers FS IV 02-11, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB), Research Unit: Competition and Innovation (CIG). [Downloadable!]
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    2. Adam B. Jaffe, 1999. "The U.S. Patent System in Transition: Policy Innovation and the Innovation Process," NBER Working Papers 7280, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    3. Marc-Hubert Depret & Abdelillah Hamdouch, 2004. "La gouvernance des jeunes entreprises innovantes:un éclairage analytique à partir du cas des sociétés de biotechnologies," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, Editions Economica, vol. 7(2), pages 67-94, June. [Downloadable!]
    4. Paul A. David, 2005. "Can ‘Open Science’ be Protected from the Evolving Regime of IPR Protections?," Industrial Organization 0502010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]

  34. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1998. "The Determinants of Corporate Venture Capital Successes: Organizational Structure, Incentives, and Complementarities," NBER Working Papers 6725, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Chemla, Gilles & de Bettignies, Jean-Etienne, 2003. "Corporate Venture Capital: The Upside of Failure and Competition for Talent," CEPR Discussion Papers 4139, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    2. Heneric, Oliver & Engel, Dirk & Champenois, Claire, 2004. "The Birth of German Biotechnology Industry : Did Venture Capital run the Show?," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-09, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    3. Julia Hirsch & Uwe Walz, 2006. "Why Do Contracts Differ between VC Types? Market Segmentation versus Corporate Governance Varieties," CFS Working Paper Series 2006/12, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    4. Cassiman, Bruno & Ueda, Masako, 2002. "Optimal Project Rejection and New Firm Start-Ups," CEPR Discussion Papers 3429, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    5. Georg Gebhardt, 2000. "Innovation and Venture Capital," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 1404, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
    6. Peter Wirtz, 2005. "Compétences, conflits et création de valeur:vers une approche intégrée de la gouvernance," Working Papers FARGO 1050501, Université de Bourgogne - Latec/Fargo (Research center in Finance,organizational ARchitecture and GOvernance). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Sudipto Bhattacharya & Sergei Guriev, 2008. "Control Rights over Intellectual Property: Corporate Venturing and Bankruptcy Regimes," Working Papers w0118, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    8. Thomas Hellman & Laura Lindsey & Manju Puri, 2004. "Building Relationships Early: Banks in Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 10535, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    9. Andrea Schertler, 2004. "Sources of Funds and Specialization Patterns of European Venture Capital Investments," Kiel Working Papers 1200, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    10. Andrea Schertler, 2005. "European venture capital markets: fund providers and investment characteristics," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(6), pages 367-380, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    11. Tykvová, Tereza, 2004. "Who Are the True Venture Capitalists in Germany?," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-16, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    12. Sorensen, Morten, 2007. "Learning by Investing: Evidence from Venture Capital," SIFR Research Report Series 53, Institute for Financial Research. [Downloadable!]
    13. Bartzokas, Anthony, 2001. "European Financial Markets after Emu: A Review of Recent Literature and Evidence," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 1, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
    14. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2004. "Le placement privé et la dimension réglementaire du financement des entreprises," CIRANO Working Papers 2004s-51, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    15. Bharant N. Anand & Alexander Galetovic, 1998. "Weak Property Rights and hold-up in R&D," Documentos de Trabajo 39, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile. [Downloadable!]
    16. Schertler, Andrea, 2001. "Venture Capital in Europe's Common Market: A Quantitative Description," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 4, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    17. Mihir A. Desai & William M. Gentry, 2003. "The Character and Determinants of Corporate Capital Gains," Department of Economics Working Papers 195, Department of Economics, Williams College. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    18. Bengt Holmstrom & Steven N. Kaplan, 2001. "Corporate Governance and Merger Activity in the U.S.: Making Sense of the 1980s and 1990s," NBER Working Papers 8220, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  35. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1998. "Conflict of Interest in the Issuance of Public Securities: Evidence from Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 6847, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Amir Shachmurove & Yochanan Shachmurove, 2004. "Choosing Between Promising and Crowded Industries: How Does the Venture Capital Industry Fare in Each?," PIER Working Paper Archive 04-044, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
    2. Emanuel Shachmurove & Yochanan Shachmurove, 2004. "What One Can Learn From the Initial Public Offering of Google? A Twenty-Year Excursion to the Venture Capital Industry," PIER Working Paper Archive 04-041, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
    3. Yasushi Hamao & Frank Packer & Jay R. Ritter, 1998. "Institutional affiliation and the role of venture capital: evidence from initial public offerings in Japan," Staff Reports 52, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Focarelli, Dario & Pozzolo, Alberto Franco, 2005. "Conflicts of Interest in Financial Markets - Evidence from Bond Underwriting in the Nineties," Economics & Statistics Discussion Papers esdp05023, University of Molise, Dept. SEGeS. [Downloadable!]
    5. Yochanan Shachmurove, . "An Empirical Investigation of IPO's Annualized Returns in the Last Three Decades," Penn CARESS Working Papers 823ad5f6b6eb3583cc703364e, Penn Economics Department. [Downloadable!]
    6. Jerry Cao & Josh Lerner, 2006. "The Performance of Reverse Leveraged Buyouts," NBER Working Papers 12626, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Yochanan Shachmurove, 2004. "The Reality of IPO Performance: An Empirical Study of Venture-Backed Public Companies," PIER Working Paper Archive 04-030, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
    8. Marcelo Pinheiro, 2008. "Demand shocks and market manipulation," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 269-298, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Espenlaub, S. & Goergen, M. & Khurshed, A. & Renneboog, L.D.R., 2002. "Lock-in agreements in venture capital backed UK IPOS," Discussion Paper 46, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    10. Luca Benzoni & Carola Schenone, 2007. "Conflict of interest and certification in the U.S. IPO market," Working Paper Series WP-07-09, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. [Downloadable!]
    11. Ugo Albertazzi, 2006. "Incentives in universal banks," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 572, Bank of Italy, Economic Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    12. Alan Hughes & Jaeho Lee, 2006. "What's in a name and when does it matter? The hot and cold market impacts on underpricing of certification, reputation and conflicts of interest in venture capital backed Korean IPOs," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp336, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    13. Wolfgang Bessler & Andreas Kurth, 2007. "Agency Problems and the Performance of Venture-backed IPOs in Germany: Exit Strategies, Lock-up Periods, and Bank Ownership," European Journal of Finance, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 29-63, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  36. Samuel Kortum & Josh Lerner, 1998. "Does Venture Capital Spur Innovation?," NBER Working Papers 6846, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Astrid Romain & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "The economic impact of venture capital," Working Papers CEB 04-014.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Ansgar Belke & Rainer Fehn & Neil Foster, 2001. "Venture Capital Investment and Labor Market Performance: A Panel Data Analysis," Vienna Economics Papers 0112, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Ansgar Belke & Rainer Fehn, 2001. "Institutions and Structural Unemployment: Do Capital-Market Imperfections Matter?," Vienna Economics Papers 0106, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Rainer Fehn & Carsten-Patrick Meier, 2000. "The Positive Economics of Corporatism and Corporate Governance," Kiel Working Papers 982, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    5. Ansgar Belke & Rainer Fehn & Neil Foster, 2003. "Does Venture Capital Investment Spur Employment Growth?," Vienna Economics Papers 0303, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Walter W. Powell & Kenneth W. Koput & James I. Bowie & Laurel Smith-Doerr, 2002. "The Spatial Clustering of Science and Capital: Accounting for Biotech Firm-Venture Capital Relationships," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 291-305, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Stoneman, Paul & Canepa, Alessandra & Kaivanto, Kim, 2004. "The Public Provision of Sales Contingent Contracts as a Policy Response to Financial Constraints to Innovation in European SMEs," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 38, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    8. Josh Lerner & Alexander Tsai, 2000. "Do Equity Financing Cycles Matter? Evidence from Biotechnology Alliances," NBER Working Papers 7464, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    9. Georg Gebhardt, 2000. "Innovation and Venture Capital," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 1404, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
    10. Keilbach, Max & Engel, Dirk, 2002. "Firm Level Implications of Early Stage Venture Capital Investment : An Empirical Investigation," ZEW Discussion Papers 02-82, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Diana Marina Del COlle, & Paolo Finaldi Russo & Andrea Generale, 2006. "The Causes and Consequences of Venture Capital Financing. An Analysis based on a Sample of Italian Firms," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 584, Bank of Italy, Economic Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    12. Alexander Cobham, . "The Financing and Technology Decisions of SMEs: I. Finance as a Determinant of Investment," QEH Working Papers qehwps24, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford. [Downloadable!]
    13. Andrea Schertler, 2000. "Venture Capital Contracts: A survey of the recent literature," Kiel Working Papers 1017, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    14. Becht, Marco & Mayer, Colin & Wagner, Hannes, 2006. "Where Do Firms Incorporate?," CEPR Discussion Papers 5875, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Pasquale Lucio Scandizzo, 2004. "Financing Technology: An Assessment of Theory and Practice," CEIS Research Paper 43, Tor Vergata University, CEIS. [Downloadable!]
    16. Joshua S. Gans & Scott Stern, 2000. "When Does Funding Research by Smaller Firms Bear Fruit?: Evidence from the SBIR Program," NBER Working Papers 7877, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    17. José Martí Pellón & Marina Balboa, 2001. "Determinants Of Private Equity Fundraising In Western Europe," Working Papers. Serie AD 2001-15, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie). [Downloadable!]
    18. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1998. "The Determinants of Corporate Venture Capital Successes: Organizational Structure, Incentives, and Complementarities," NBER Working Papers 6725, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    19. Rainer Fehn & Carsten-Patrick Meier, 2001. "The Positive Economics of Labor Market Rigidities and Investor Protection," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    20. Norbert Berthold & Rainer Fehn, 2003. "Unemployment in Germany: Reasons and Remedies," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    21. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    22. Joshua S. Gans & David H. Hsu & Scott Stern, 2000. "When Does Start-Up Innovation Spur the Gale of Creative Destruction?," NBER Working Papers 7851, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    23. Stoneman, Paul, 2001. "Heterogeneity and Change in European Financial Environments," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 7, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
    24. Colin M. Mason & Richard T. Harrison, 2004. "Improving Access to Early Stage Venture Capital in Regional Economies: A New Approach to Investment Readiness," Local Economy, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 19(2), pages 159-173, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    25. Mahmood, Ishtiaq P. & Mitchell, Will, 2002. "Two Faces: Effects of Business Groups on Innovation in Emerging Economies," CEI Working Paper Series 2002-14, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
    26. Engel, Dirk, 2002. "The Impact of Venture Capital on Firm Growth : An Empirical Investigation," ZEW Discussion Papers 02-02, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    27. Massimo Colombo & Luca Grilli, 2007. "Funding Gaps? Access To Bank Loans By High-Tech Start-Ups," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(1), pages 25-46, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    28. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    29. Paul A. Gompers, 2002. "Corporations and the financing of innovation: The corporate venturing experience," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, issue Q4, pages 1-17. [Downloadable!]
    30. Andrea Schertler, 2000. "The Impact of Public Subsidies on Venture Capital Investments in Start-Up Enterprises," Kiel Working Papers 1018, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    31. Marco Arnone & Umberto Giacometti, 2004. "Crescita, Innovazione Tecnologica e Mercato dei Capitali: il Ruolo del Venture Capital," Finance 0404008, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]

  37. Samuel Kortum & Josh Lerner, 1997. "Stronger Protection or Technological Revolution: What is Behind the Recent Surge in Patenting?," NBER Working Papers 6204, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Ryo Horii & Tatsuro Iwaisako, 2005. "Economic Growth with Imperfect Protection of Intellectual Property Rights," Development and Comp Systems 0508001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Carl Shapiro, 2003. "Antitrust Limits to Patent Settlements," Law and Economics 0303004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Bronwyn H. Hall & Rose Marie Ham, 2000. "The Patent Paradox Revisited: Determinants of Patenting in the US Semiconductor Industry, 1980-94," Development and Comp Systems 9912001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Hirukawa, Masayuki & Ueda, Masako, 2008. "Venture Capital and Industrial ''Innovation''," CEPR Discussion Papers 7089, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. John S. Landon-Lane & Catherine Y. Co & Myeong-Su Yun, 2006. "Inter-state dynamics of invention activities, 1930-2000," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(8), pages 1111-1134. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Audretsch, David B & Sanders, Mark, 2007. "Globalization and the Rise of the Entrepreneurial Economy," CEPR Discussion Papers 6247, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Jinyoung Kim & Gerald Marschke, 2004. "Labor Mobility Of Scientists, Technological Diffusion, And The Firm’S Patenting Decision," Econometric Society 2004 Far Eastern Meetings 586, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
    8. Josh Lerner, 2002. "Patent Protection and Innovation Over 150 Years," NBER Working Papers 8977, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Adam B. Jaffe, 1999. "The U.S. Patent System in Transition: Policy Innovation and the Innovation Process," NBER Working Papers 7280, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    10. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2001. "Stock Markets in the New Economy," Working Papers 0118, Department of Economics, Vanderbilt University. [Downloadable!]
    11. David Popp, 2001. "Induced Innovation and Energy Prices," NBER Working Papers 8284, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    12. David B. Audretsch & A. Roy Thurik, 1999. "Innovation, Industry Evoluation and Employment," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 99-068/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
    13. Stuart, Graham & Higgins, Matthew, 2007. "The Impact of Patenting on New Product Introductions in the Pharmaceutical Industry," MPRA Paper 4574, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    14. Bronwyn H. Hall, Adam Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg., 2000. "Market Value and Patent Citations: A First Look," Economics Working Papers E00-277, University of California at Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    15. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2005. "General Purpose Technologies," NBER Working Papers 11093, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    16. John Gabriel Goddard & Marc Isabelle, 2006. "How do public laboratories collaborate with industry? New survey evidence from France," Working Papers IMRI 0602, IMRI (Institut pour le Management de la Recherche et de l'Innovation), Université Paris-Dauphine, revised Apr 2006. [Downloadable!]
    17. Josh Lerner, 2000. "150 Years of Patent Protection," NBER Working Papers 7478, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    18. Roberto M Samaniego, 2005. "Investment-Specific Technical Change and the Production of Ideas," Computing in Economics and Finance 2005 291, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]
    19. Paroma Sanyal, 2005. "Peanut Butter Patents Versus the New Economy: Does the Increased Rate of Patenting Signal More Invention or Just Lower Standards?," Industrial Organization 0504013, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    20. Carl Shapiro, 2003. "Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard-Setting," Law and Economics 0303005, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    21. Giovanni Dosi & Luigi Marengo & Corrado Pasquali, 2006. "How Much Should Society Fuel the Greed of Innovators? On the Relations between Appropriability, Opportunities and Rates of Innovation," LEM Papers Series 2006/17, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    22. David B. Audretsch & Mark Sanders, 2008. "Globalization and the Rise of the Entrepreneurial Economy," Working Papers 08-21, Utrecht School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    23. Jean Lanjouw & Josh Lerner, 1998. "The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Empirical Literature," Annales d'Economie et de Statistique, ADRES, issue 49-50, pages 09, Janvier-J. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    24. Audretsch, D.B. & Thurik, A.R., 2000. "What's New About the New Economy? Sources of growth in the managed and entrepreneurial economies," Research Paper ERS-2000-45-STR Revision_, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    25. Beugelsdijk, S. & Cornet, M., 2001. "How far do they reach? : the localization of industrial and academic knowledge spillovers in the Netherlands," Discussion Paper 47, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    26. Josh Lerner, 2003. "The Patent System and Competition," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000577, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
    27. Bronwyn H. Hall, 2004. "Exploring the Patent Explosion," NBER Working Papers 10605, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    28. Jean O Lanjouw & Josh Lerner, 2004. "The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Literature," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000000486, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
    29. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1999. "What Drives Venture Capital Fundraising?," NBER Working Papers 6906, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    30. Harhoff, Dietmar & von Graevenitz, Georg & Wagner, Stefan, 2008. "Incidence and Growth of Patent Thickets - The Impact of Technological Opportunities and Complexity," CEPR Discussion Papers 6900, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    31. John Van Reenen, 2001. "The new economy: reality and policy," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 22(3), pages 307-336, September. [Downloadable!]
    32. Sudipto Bhattacharya & Sergei Guriev, 2004. "Knowledge Disclosure, Patents and Optimal Organization of Research and Development," STICERD - Theoretical Economics Paper Series /2004/478, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    33. Paul A. David, 2005. "Can ‘Open Science’ be Protected from the Evolving Regime of IPR Protections?," Industrial Organization 0502010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    34. Lee Branstetter & Raymond Fisman & C. Fritz Foley & Kamal Saggi, 2007. "Intellectual Property Rights, Imitation, and Foreign Direct Investment: Theory and Evidence," NBER Working Papers 13033, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    35. Alka Chadha, 2005. "Trips and Patenting Activity: Evidence from the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry," Departmental Working Papers wp0512, National University of Singapore, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    36. Mark Bils & Peter J. Klenow, 2001. "The Acceleration of Variety Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(2), pages 274-280, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    37. Elizabeth Webster, 2002. "Intangible and Intellectual Capital: A Review of the Literature," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2002n10, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
    38. Carl Shapiro, 2003. "The FTC's Challenge to Intel's Cross-Licensing Practices," Development and Comp Systems 0303006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    39. Chu, Angus C., 2008. "Effects of Blocking Patents on R&D: A Quantitative DGE Analysis," MPRA Paper 3910, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    40. Francesco Laforgia & Fabio Montobbio & Luigi Orsenigo, 2007. "IPRs, technological and industrial development and growth: the case of the pharmaceutical industry," CESPRI Working Papers 206, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Oct 2007. [Downloadable!]
    41. Josh Lerner & Feng Zhu, 2005. "What is the Impact of Software Patent Shifts?: Evidence from Lotus v. Borland," NBER Working Papers 11168, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    42. Claudio Michelacci & Javier Suarez, 2000. "Business Creation and the Stock Market," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 0673, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    43. Schneider, Cédric, 2005. "Fences and competition in patent races," MPRA Paper 2087, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    44. Lone E. Christiansen, 2008. "Do Technology Shocks Lead to Productivity Slowdowns? Evidence from Patent Data," IMF Working Papers 08/24, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    45. Jeremy Greenwood & Boyan Jovanovic, 1999. "The IT Revolution and the Stock Market," NBER Working Papers 6931, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    46. Francesca Lotti & Fabiano Schivardi, 2005. "Cross Country Differences in Patent Propensity: A Firm-Level Investigation," Giornale degli Economisti, GDE (Giornale degli Economisti e Annali di Economia), Bocconi University, vol. 64(4), pages 469-502, December. [Downloadable!]
    47. Lee Branstetter & Kwon Hyeog Ug, 2004. "The Restructuring Of Japanese Research And Development: The Increasing Impact Of Science On Japanese R&D," Discussion papers 04021, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]

  38. Jean O. Lanjouw & Josh Lerner, 1997. "The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Empirical Literature," NBER Working Papers 6296, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Published as:

    Cited by:

    1. Mario Calderini & Giuseppe Scellato, 2004. "Intellectual property rights as strategic assets: the case of european patent opposition in the telecommunication industry," CESPRI Working Papers 158, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Jul 2004. [Downloadable!]
    2. Christine Greenhalgh & Padraig Dixon, 2002. "The Economics of Intellectual Property: A Review to Identify Themes for Future Research," Economics Series Working Papers 135, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Rick Harbaugh & Rahul Khemka, . "Does Copyright Enforcement Encourage Piracy?," Claremont Colleges Working Papers 2000-14, Claremont Colleges. [Downloadable!]
    4. Hvide, Hans K. & Kristiansen, Eirik G., 2006. "Management of Knowledge Workers," Discussion Papers 2006/7, Department of Finance and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    5. Eleftherios Sapsalis & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe & Ran Navon, 2006. "Academic Patenting vs. Industry Patenting: An in-depth analysis of what determines patent value," Working Papers CEB 05-008.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
    6. Adam B. Jaffe, 1999. "The U.S. Patent System in Transition: Policy Innovation and the Innovation Process," NBER Working Papers 7280, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Iain M. Cockburn & Samuel Kortum & Scott Stern, 2002. "Are All Patent Examiners Equal? The Impact of Examiner Characteristics," NBER Working Papers 8980, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Eleftherios Sapsalis & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2005. "The institutional sources of knowledge and the value of academic patents," Working Papers CEB 04-003.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Deng, Yi, 2005. "The Effects of Patent Regime Changes: A Case Study of the European Patent Office," Departmental Working Papers 0512, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Marco, Alan C., 2005. "Learning by Suing: Structural Estimates of Court Errors in Patent Litigation," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 68, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    11. Deng, Yi, 2005. "Renewal Study of European Patents: A Three-country Comparison," Departmental Working Papers 0514, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    12. Michele Cincera, 2008. "Déterminants des oppositions de brevets:une analyse micro-économique au niveau belge," Working Papers DULBEA 08-02.RS, Université libre de Bruxelles, Department of Applied Economics (DULBEA). [Downloadable!]
    13. Alberto Galasso & Mark Schankerman, 2008. "Patent Thickets and the Market for Innovation: Evidence from Settlement of Patent Disputes," CEP Discussion Papers dp0889, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    14. Timothy S. Simcoe & Stuart J.H. Graham & Maryann Feldman, 2007. "Competing on Standards? Entrepreneurship, Intellectual Property and the Platform Paradox," NBER Working Papers 13632, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    15. Adriana Breccia & Hector Salgado-Banda, 2005. "Competing or Colluding in a Stochastic Framework," Birkbeck Working Papers in Economics and Finance 0504, Birkbeck, Department of Economics, Mathematics & Statistics. [Downloadable!]
    16. Alberto Galasso, 2007. "Broad Cross-License Agreements andPersuasive Patent Litigation: Theory andEvidence from the Semiconductor Industry," STICERD - Economics of Industry Papers 45, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    17. Wesley M Cohen & Richard R Nelson & John P Walsh, 2003. "Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (Or Not)," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000624, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    18. Deng, Yi, 2006. "Trade Balance of Patent Rights: Who Gains What from International Patent Harmonization, and Why?," Departmental Working Papers 0519, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, revised Nov 2006. [Downloadable!]
    19. Linda R. Cohen & Jun Ishii, 2005. "Competition, Innovation and Racing for Priority at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office," Working Papers 050604, University of California-Irvine, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    20. Adriana Breccia & Hector Salgado-Banda, 2006. "Competing or Colluding in a Stochastic Environment," Computing in Economics and Finance 2006 423, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]
    21. Georg von Graevenitz, 2007. "Which Reputations Does a Brand Owner Need? Evidence from Trade Mark Opposition," Discussion Papers 215, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    22. Deng, Yi, 2005. "A Dynamic Stochastic Analysis of International Patent Application and Renewal Processes," Departmental Working Papers 0515, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    23. Cremers, Katrin, 2004. "Determinants of Patent Litigation in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-72, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

  39. Josh Lerner & Robert P. Merges, 1997. "The Control of Strategic Alliances: An Empirical Analysis of Biotechnology Collaborations," NBER Working Papers 6014, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Daron Acemoglu & Simon Johnson & Todd Mitton, 2005. "Determinants of Vertical Integration: Finance, Contracts, and Regulation," NBER Working Papers 11424, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Eliasson, Gunnar & Eliasson, Åsa, 2004. "The Theory of the Firm and the Markets for Strategic Acquisitions," Ratio Working Papers 44, The Ratio Institute. [Downloadable!]

  40. Josh Lerner, 1996. "The Government as Venture Capitalist: The Long-Run Effects of the SBIR Program," NBER Working Papers 5753, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Sau Lino, 2007. "New pecking order financing for innovative firms:an overview," Department of Economics Working Papers 200702, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Doga Kayalar Erdem & David B. Audretsch, 2004. "Determinants Of Scientist Entrepreneurship: An Integrative Research Agenda," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2004-42, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group. [Downloadable!]
    3. Ari Hyytinen & Tuomas Takalo, 2004. "Investor Protection and Business Creation," Discussion Papers 889, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Is it the law or the lawyers? : Investment fund covernants across countries," Discussion Paper 05, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    5. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2003. "Entrepreneurial Spawning: Public Corporations and the Genesis of New Ventures, 1986-1999," NBER Working Papers 9816, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    6. Douglas Cumming & Grant Fleming & Armin Schwienbacher, 2008. "Financial intermediaries, ownership structure and the provision of venture capital to SMEs: evidence from Japan," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 59-92, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Judit Karsai, 2004. "Can the state replace private capital investors? Public financing of venture capital in Hungary," IEHAS Discussion Papers 0409, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. [Downloadable!]
    8. Douhan, Robin & Henrekson, Magnus, 2007. "The Political Economy of Entrepreneurship: An Introduction," Working Paper Series 688, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    9. Rainer Fehn & Thomas Fuchs, 2003. "Capital Market Institutions and Venture Capital: Do They Affect Unemployment and Labour Demand?," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    10. Bronwyn H. Hall, 2002. "The Financing of Research and Development," NBER Working Papers 8773, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Douglas Cumming & Daniel Schmidt & Uwe Walz, 2004. "Legality and Venture Governance Around the World," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/17, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    12. Josh Lerner, 2002. "When Bureaucrats Meet Entrepreneurs: The Design of Effective "Public Venture Capital" Programmes," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F73-F84, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    13. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    14. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1999. "What Drives Venture Capital Fundraising?," NBER Working Papers 6906, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    16. Douglas J. Cumming & Jeffrey G. MacIntosh, 2003. "Comparative Venture Capital Governance. Private versus Labour Sponsored Venture Capital Funds," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    17. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Ari Hyytinen & Lotta Väänänen, 2002. "Government Funding of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Finland," Discussion Papers 832, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]

  41. Jean O. Lanjouw & Josh Lerner, 1996. "Preliminary Injunctive Relief: Theory and Evidence from Patent Litigation," NBER Working Papers 5689, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Christine Greenhalgh & Padraig Dixon, 2002. "The Economics of Intellectual Property: A Review to Identify Themes for Future Research," Economics Series Working Papers 135, University of Oxford, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Bronwyn H. Hall & Rose Marie Ham, 2000. "The Patent Paradox Revisited: Determinants of Patenting in the US Semiconductor Industry, 1980-94," Development and Comp Systems 9912001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Stuart J. H. Graham & Bronwyn H. Hall & Dietmar Harhoff & David C. Mowery, 2003. "Post-Issue Patent "Quality Control": A Comparative Study of US Patent Re-examinations and European Patent Oppositions," Industrial Organization 0303009, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Lanjouw, Jenny & Schankerman, Mark, 1998. "Patent Suits: Do They Distort Research Incentives?," CEPR Discussion Papers 2042, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. Mark Schankerman and Suzanne Scotchmer., 2000. "Damages and Injunctions in Protecting Proprietary Research Tools," Economics Working Papers E00-288, University of California at Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Jean O. Lanjouw & Mark Schankerman, 1997. "Stylized Facts of Patent Litigation: Value, Scope and Ownership," NBER Working Papers 6297, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    7. Mark Schankerman & Suzanne Scotchmer, 2000. "Damages and Injunctions in Protecting Proprietary Research Tools," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series 1026, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
    8. Jean O Lanjouw & Josh Lerner, 2004. "The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Literature," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000000486, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]

Articles

  1. Cao, Jerry & Lerner, Josh, 2009. "The performance of reverse leveraged buyouts," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 139-157, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  2. Josh Lerner, 2009. "The Empirical Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on Innovation: Puzzles and Clues," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(2), pages 343-48, May. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Ang, James, 2009. "Financial Reforms, Patent Protection and Knowledge Accumulation in India," MPRA Paper 17656, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]

  3. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Jialan Wang, 2008. "Secrets of the Academy: The Drivers of University Endowment Success," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 22(3), pages 207-22, Summer.
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  4. Gompers, Paul & Kovner, Anna & Lerner, Josh & Scharfstein, David, 2008. "Venture capital investment cycles: The impact of public markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 1-23, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  5. Josh Lerner & Julie Wulf, 2007. "Innovation and Incentives: Evidence from Corporate R&D," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 89(4), pages 634-644, 07. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  6. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wongsunwai, 2007. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices: The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(2), pages 731-764, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

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  7. Josh Lerner & Parag A. Pathak & Jean Tirole, 2006. "The Dynamics of Open-Source Contributors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 114-118, May. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Bitzer, Jürgen & Schrettl, Wolfram & Schröder, Philipp J.H., 2006. "Intrinsic Motivation versus Signaling in Open Source Software Development," Working Papers 06-7, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    2. Michael Schwarz & Yuri Takhteyev, 2009. "Half a Century of Public Software Institutions: Open Source as a Solution to Hold-Up Problem," NBER Working Papers 14946, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Michiel Bijlsma & Paul de Bijl & Viktoria Kocsis, 2009. "Competition, innovation and intellectual property rights in software markets," CPB Documents 181, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis. [Downloadable!]

  8. Lerner, Josh, 2006. "The new new financial thing: The origins of financial innovations," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(2), pages 223-255, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Philippon, Thomas & Reshef, Ariell, 2009. "Wages and Human Capital in the U.S. Financial Industry: 1909-2006," CEPR Discussion Papers 7282, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Pol, Eduardo, 2009. "Regulating Financial Innovations Without Apology," Economics Working Papers wp09-01, School of Economics, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia. [Downloadable!]
    3. Thomas Philippon & Ariell Reshef, 2009. "Wages and Human Capital in the U.S. Financial Industry: 1909-2006," NBER Working Papers 14644, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    4. W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2009. "Technological change, financial innovation, and diffusion in banking," Working Paper 2009-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. [Downloadable!]
    5. Josh Lerner, 2008. "The Litigation of Financial Innovations," NBER Working Papers 14324, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  9. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2006. "A Model of Forum Shopping," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(4), pages 1091-1113, September. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Vitor Trindade & Johannes Moenius, 2007. "Networks, Standards and Intellectual Property Rights," Working Papers 0705, Department of Economics, University of Missouri. [Downloadable!]
    2. Chiao, Benjamin & Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2007. "The Rules of Standard Setting Organizations: An Empirical Analysis," CEPR Discussion Papers 6141, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    3. Pierre Fleckinger, 2007. "Collective Reputation and Market Structure: Regulating the Quality vs Quantity Trade-of," Working Papers hal-00243080_v1, HAL. [Downloadable!]
    4. Aija Leiponen, 2006. "Competing through cooperation: Standard setting in wireless telecommunications," Discussion Papers 1056, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    5. Gill, David & Sgroi, Daniel, 2008. "The Optimal Choice of Pre-launch Reviewer : How Best to Transmit Information using Tests and Conditional Pricing," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 877, University of Warwick, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    6. Farhi, Emmanuel & Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2008. "Fear of Rejection? Tiered Certification and Transparency," IDEI Working Papers 534, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  10. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2005. "The Economics of Technology Sharing: Open Source and Beyond," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 19(2), pages 99-120, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  11. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar, 2005. "Does Legal Enforcement Affect Financial Transactions? The Contractual Channel in Private Equity," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 120(1), pages 223-246, January.

    Cited by:

    1. Bienz, Carsten & Walz, Uwe, 2007. "Evolution of Decision and Control Rights in Venture Capital Contracts: An Empirical Analysis," Discussion Papers 2007/13, Department of Finance and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Laura Bottazzi & Marco Da Rin & Thomas Hellmann, 2007. "The Importance of Trust for Investment: Evidence from Venture Capital," Working Papers 325, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Douglas Cumming & Sofia Johan, 2006. "Provincial preferences in private equity," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 369-398, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    4. Laura Bottazzi & Marco Da Rin & Thomas Hellmann, 2005. "What Role of Legal Systems in Financial Intermediation? Theory and Evidence," Working Papers 283, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
    5. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Is it the law or the lawyers? : Investment fund covernants across countries," Discussion Paper 05, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    6. Schertler, Andrea & Tykvová, Tereza, 2006. "Rivals or partners? : Evidence from Europe's international private equity deals," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-91, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    7. Kaplan, David S. & Sadka, Joyce, 2008. "Enforceability of labor law : evidence from a labor court in Mexico," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4483, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    8. Bottazzi, L. & Da Rin, M. & Hellmann, T., 2008. "What is the Role of Legal Systems in Financial Intermediation? Theory and Evidence," Discussion Paper 2008-014, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Advice and monitoring in venture finance," Discussion Paper 03, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Simeon Djankov & Oliver Hart & Caralee McLiesh & Andrei Shleifer, 2006. "Debt Enforcement Around the World," NBER Working Papers 12807, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Canela, Miguel A., 2008. "Limited partners' perceptions of the Central Eastern European venture capital and private equity market," IESE Research Papers D/727, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    12. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes & Andrei Shleifer, 2007. "The Economic Consequences of Legal Origins," NBER Working Papers 13608, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    13. Jun Qian & Philip E. Strahan, 2005. "How Law and Institutions Shape Financial Contracts: The Case of Bank Loans," NBER Working Papers 11052, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    14. Hein Roelfsema & Yi Zhang, 2009. "The causal effect of institutional quality on outsourcing," Working Papers 09-03, Utrecht School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    15. Iftekhar Hasan & Haizhi Wang, 2008. "The US bankruptcy law and private equity financing: empirical evidence," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 5-19, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    16. Marco Da Rin & Giovanna Nicodano & Alessandro Sembenelli, 2004. "Public Policy and the Creation of Active Venture Capital Markets," Working Papers 270, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    17. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    18. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Lieser, Karsten, 2008. "The European venture capital and private equity country attractiveness index(es)," IESE Research Papers D/773, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    19. Bennedsen, Morten & Nielsen, Kasper Meisner & Nielsen, Thomas Vester, 2008. "Private Contracting and Corporate Governance: Evidence from the Provision of Tag-Along Rights in an Emerging Market," CEI Working Paper Series 2008-2, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
    20. Nathan Nunn, 2005. "Relationship Specificity, Incomplete Contracts and the Pattern of Trade," International Trade 0512018, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    21. Groh, Alexander P., 2009. "Private equity in emerging markets," IESE Research Papers D/779, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]

  12. Emmanuel Farhi & Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2005. "Certifying New Technologies," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 3(2-3), pages 734-744, 04/05. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Chiao, Benjamin & Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2007. "The Rules of Standard Setting Organizations: An Empirical Analysis," CEPR Discussion Papers 6141, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    2. Aija Leiponen, 2006. "Competing through cooperation: Standard setting in wireless telecommunications," Discussion Papers 1056, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    3. Gill, David & Sgroi, Daniel, 2008. "The Optimal Choice of Pre-launch Reviewer : How Best to Transmit Information using Tests and Conditional Pricing," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 877, University of Warwick, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]

  13. Josh Lerner, 2005. "The Scope of Open Source Licensing," Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 21(1), pages 20-56, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  14. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2005. "Entrepreneurial Spawning: Public Corporations and the Genesis of New Ventures, 1986 to 1999," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(2), pages 577-614, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Lazonick, William, 2008. "Entrepreneurial Ventures and the Developmental State: Lessons from the Advanced Economies," Working Papers DP2008/01, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER). [Downloadable!]

  15. Josh Lerner, 2005. "The University and the Start-Up:Lessons from the Past Two Decades," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 30(2_2), pages 49-56, 01. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Phillip H. Phan & Donald S. Siegel, 2006. "The Effectiveness of University Technology Transfer: Lessons Learned from Qualitative and Quantitative Research in the U.S. and U.K," Rensselaer Working Papers in Economics 0609, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    2. Riccardo Fini & Rosa Grimaldi & Maurizio Sobrero, 2009. "Factors fostering academics to start up new ventures: an assessment of Italian founders’ incentives," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 34(4), pages 380-402, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Michaela Trippl & Franz Tödtling, 2006. "From the ivory tower to the market place? The changing role of knowledge organisations in spurring the development of biotechnology clusters in Austria," SRE-Disc sre-disc-2006_07, Department of City and Regional Development, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    4. Danny Soetanto & Marina van Geenhuizen, 2006. "Determinants of University Spin-Offs’ Growth: Do Socioeconomic Networks and Support Matter?," ERSA conference papers ersa06p467, European Regional Science Association. [Downloadable!]

  16. Josh Lerner, 2005. "150 Years of Patent Office Practice," American Law and Economics Review, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(1), pages 112-143. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  17. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2004. "Efficient Patent Pools," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 94(3), pages 691-711, June. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  18. Lerner, Josh & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "The illiquidity puzzle: theory and evidence from private equity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 3-40, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  19. Lerner, Josh & Shane, Hilary & Tsai, Alexander, 2003. "Do equity financing cycles matter? evidence from biotechnology alliances," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 411-446, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  20. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2003. "The Really Long-Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings: The Pre-Nasdaq Evidence," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(4), pages 1355-1392, 08. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  21. Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2002. "Some Simple Economics of Open," Journal of Industrial Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 50(2), pages 197-234, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Simon Gaechter & Georg von Krogh & Stefan Haefliger, 2006. "Private-Collective Innovation and the Fragility of Knowledge Sharing," Discussion Papers 2006-21, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham. [Downloadable!]
    2. Eran Binenbaum, 2005. "Towards a Relational Economics: Methodological Comments on Intellectual Property Strategy, Industrial Organisation, and Economics," Method and Hist of Econ Thought 0502001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    3. Bitzer, Jürgen & Schröder, Philipp J.H., 2005. "The Impact of Entry and Competition by Open Source Software on Innovation," Working Papers 2005-12, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Management. [Downloadable!]
    4. Alfonso Gambardella & Bronwyn H. Hall, 2005. "Proprietary vs. Public Domain Licensing of Software and Research Products," NBER Working Papers 11120, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    5. Schulz, Celine & Wagner, Stefan, 2008. "Outlaw Community Innovations," Discussion Papers in Business Administration 4678, University of Munich, Munich School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Bitzer, Jürgen & Schrettl, Wolfram & Schröder, Philipp J.H., 2006. "Intrinsic Motivation versus Signaling in Open Source Software Development," Working Papers 06-7, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    7. Richard Schmidtke, 2006. "Private Provision of a Complementary Public Good," Discussion Papers 134, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    8. Rune Stenbacka, 2002. "Microeconomic Policies in the New Economy," Finnish Economic Papers, Finnish Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 59-75, Autumn. [Downloadable!]
    9. Evangelos Katsamakas & Mingdi Xin, 2005. "An economic analysis of enterprise adoption of open source software," Working Papers 05-29, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
    10. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Two-sided competition of proprietary vs. open source technology platforms and the implications for the software industry1," Working Papers 05-06, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Josh Lerner & Jean Tirole, 2003. "The Scope of Open Source Licensing," Levine's Bibliography 506439000000000140, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    12. Schmidt, Klaus M. & Schnitzer, Monika, 2003. "Public Subsidies for Open Source? Some Economic Policy Issues of the Software Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 3793, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    13. Robert M. Sauer, 2007. "Why Develop Open Source Software? The Role of Non-Pecuniary Benefits, Monetary Rewards and Open Source Licence Type," IZA Discussion Papers 3197, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    14. Norio Sawabe & Susumu Egashira, 2007. "The knowledge management strategy and the formation of innovative networks in emerging industries," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 17(3), pages 277-298, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Benjamin Grassineau, 2007. "Quand le Marché finance la résistance au Marché," Post-Print halshs-00139498_v1, HAL. [Downloadable!]
    16. Schmidtke, Richard, 2006. "Private Provision of a Complementary Public Good," Discussion Papers in Economics 964, University of Munich, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    17. Holck, Jesper & Larsen, Michael Holm & Pedersen, Mogens Kühn, 2004. "Identifying Business Barriers and Enablers for the Adoption of Open Source Software," Working Papers 2004-10, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Informatics. [Downloadable!]
    18. Fabio M. Manenti & Stefano Comino & Marialaura Parisi, 2005. "From Planning to Mature: on the Determinants of Open Source Take-Off," Industrial Organization 0507006, EconWPA, revised 29 Sep 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    19. Kristian Koerselman, 2008. "Can open sourcing lead to inferior standards?," Discussion Papers 27, Aboa Centre for Economics. [Downloadable!]
    20. Tobias Kretschmer, 2005. "Competing technologies in the database management systems market," Working Papers 05-17, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    21. Peter B. Meyer, 2003. "Episodes of Collective Invention," Working Papers 368, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. [Downloadable!]
    22. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Linux vs. Windows: A comparison of application and platform innovation incentives for open source and proprietary software platforms+," Working Papers 05-03, NET Institute, revised Sep 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    23. Schulz, Celine, 2006. "The Secret to Successful User Communities: An Analysis of Computer Associates’ User Groups," Discussion Papers in Business Administration 1257, University of Munich, Munich School of Management. [Downloadable!]
    24. Kevin J. Boudreau & Andrei Hagiu, 2008. "Platform Rules: Multi-Sided Platforms as Regulators," Harvard Business School Working Papers 09-061, Harvard Business School. [Downloadable!]
    25. Richard Schmidtke, 2006. "Private Provision of a Complementary Public Good," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    26. Nuvolari, A., 2003. "Open source software development: some historical perspectives," ECIS Working Papers 03.01, Eindhoven Centre for Innovation Studies, Eindhoven University of Technology. [Downloadable!]
    27. Haruvy Ernan & Wu Fang & Chakravarty Sujoy, 2005. "Incentives for Developers’ Contributions and Product Performance Metrics in Open Source Development: An Empirical Exploration," IIMA Working Papers 2005-03-04, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department. [Downloadable!]
    28. Lars Bo Jeppesen & Måns J. Molin, . "Consumers as Co-Developers Learning and innovation outside the firm," IVS/CBS Working Papers 2003-01, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School. [Downloadable!]
    29. Jürgen Bitzer & Philipp J. H. Schröder, 2003. "Competition and Innovation in a Technology Setting Software Duopoly," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 363, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    30. Henkel, Joachim & von Hippel, Eric, 2003. "Welfare Implications of User Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers 4063, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    31. Larsen, Michael Holm & Holck, Jesper & Pedersen, Mogens Kühn, 2004. "The Challenges of Open Source Software in IT Adoption," Working Papers 2004-11, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Informatics. [Downloadable!]
    32. Matthew McGowan & Paul Stephens & Dexter Gruber, 2007. "An Exploration of the Ideologies of Software Intellectual Property: The Impact on Ethical Decision Making," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 73(4), pages 409-424, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    33. Thorsten Wichmann & Pio Baake, 2003. "Open Source Software, Competition and Potential Entry," Berlecon Research Papers 0005, Berlecon Research. [Downloadable!]
    34. Gilles, R.P. & Lazarova, E.A. & Ruys, P.H.M., 2008. "Stable Economic Cooperation: A Relational Approach," Discussion Paper 2008-25, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    35. Crémer, Jacques & Gaudeul, Alexandre, 2004. "Quelques éléments d'économie du logiciel libre," IDEI Working Papers 277, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    36. von Hippel, Eric, 2003. "Open Source Projects as Horizontal Innovation Networks - By and for users," Working papers 4366-02, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
    37. Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon & Ghemawat, Pankaj, 2003. "Dynamic mixed duopoly: A model motivated by Linux vs. Windows," IESE Research Papers D/519, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    38. Eric Brousseau & Thierry Penard, 2007. "The Economics of Digital Business Models: A Framework for Analyzing the Economics of Platforms," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 6(2), pages 81-114, June. [Downloadable!]
    39. Egon Franck & Carola Jungwirth & Benno Luthiger, 2005. "Motivation und Engagement beim OSS-Programmieren- Eine empirische Analyse," Working Papers 0036, University of Zurich, Institute for Strategy and Business Economics (ISU). [Downloadable!]
    40. Riccardo Leoncini & Francesco Rentocchini & Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti, 2008. "You Won the Battle. What about the War? A Model of Competition between Proprietary and Open Source Software," Department of Economics Working Papers 0811, Department of Economics, University of Trento, Italia. [Downloadable!]
    41. Marcel Boyer & Jacques Robert, 2006. "The Economics of Free and Open Source Software: Contributions to a Government Policy on Open Source Software," CIRANO Project Reports 2006rp-03, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    42. James, Jennifer S. & Pardey, Philip G. & Alston, Julian M., 2008. "Agricultural R&D Policy: A Tragedy of the International Commons," Staff Papers 43094, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics. [Downloadable!]
    43. Elad Harison & Robin Cowan, 2004. "On substitution of intellectual property and free disclosure: an analysis of R&D strategies in software technologies," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 477-487, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    44. Onetti Alberto & Verma Sameer, 2008. "Licensing and Business Models," Economics and Quantitative Methods qf0805, Department of Economics, University of Insubria. [Downloadable!]
    45. Stephen M. Maurer & Suzanne Scotchmer, 2006. "Open Source Software: The New Intellectual Property Paradigm," NBER Working Papers 12148, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    46. Francesco Rullani, 2006. "Dragging developers towards the core. How the Free/Libre/Open Source Software community enhances developers’ contribution," LEM Papers Series 2006/22, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    47. Thierry Warin & Jean-Philippe Bonardi, 2007. "Open Source Software Development, Innovation, and Coordination Costs," Middlebury College Working Paper Series 0701, Middlebury College, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    48. Linus Dahlander & Maureen Mckelvey, 2005. "Who is not developing open source software? non-users, users, and developers," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 14(7), pages 617-635, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    49. Subramanyam, Ramanath & Xia, Mu, 2006. "Free/Libre Open Source Software Development in Developing and Developed Countries: An Exploratory Study," Working Papers 06-0110, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Business. [Downloadable!]
    50. Andrea Fosfuri & Marco S. Giarratana & Alessandra Luzzi, 2005. "Firm Assets and Investments in Open Source Software Products," DRUID Working Papers 05-10, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    51. Ioana Popovici, 2007. "The Determinants of Open Source Quality: An Empirical Investigation," Working Papers 0704, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    52. Lars Bo Jeppesen & Keld Laursen, 2007. "Lead Users as Facilitators of Knowledge Sharing in Community Setting," DRUID Working Papers 07-24, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    53. Caruso, Raul & Locatelli, Andrea, 2007. "Feeding Terror! How Bin Laden Rewards Terrorist Groups, An Economic Interpretation," MPRA Paper 5448, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    54. Jürgen Bitzer & Philipp J.H. Schröder, 2005. "The Impact of Entry and Competition by Open Source Software on Innovation Activity," Industrial Organization 0512001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    55. Masahiko Aoki, 2004. "An Organizational Architecture of T-form: Silicon Valley Clustering and its Institutional Coherence (Formerly 03004)," Discussion papers 04003, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
    56. Alex Gaudeul, 2007. "Do Open Source Developers Respond to Competition? The Case Study," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 6(2), pages 239-263, June. [Downloadable!]
    57. Garzarelli, Giampaolo & Limam, Yasmina Reem & Thomassen, Bjørn, 2007. "Open Source Software and Economic Growth: A Classical Division of Labor Perspective," MPRA Paper 3849, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    58. Francesco Rullani, 2006. "Dragging developers towards the core," CESPRI Working Papers 190, CESPRI, Centre for Research on Innovation and Internationalisation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Feb 2007. [Downloadable!]
    59. Patrick Legros, 2005. "Art and the Internet: Blessing the Curse?," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000502, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:

  22. Josh Lerner, 2002. "When Bureaucrats Meet Entrepreneurs: The Design of Effective "Public Venture Capital" Programmes," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F73-F84, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Optimal Public Policy For Venture Capital Backed Innovation," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-09, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Tuomas Takalo, 2009. "Rationales and Instruments for Public Innovation Policies," Discussion Papers 1185, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    3. Julia Hirsch, 2006. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Financed Innovation: A Contract Design Approach," CFS Working Paper Series 2006/29, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    4. Ellen Rissman, 2003. "Self-employment as an alternative to unemployment," Working Paper Series WP-03-34, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. [Downloadable!]
    5. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Backed Innovation," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    6. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2005. "On the Usefulness of Tax Incentives for Business Angels and SME Owners: An Empirical Analysis," CIRANO Working Papers 2005s-13, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    7. David de Meza, 2002. "Overlending?," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F17-F31, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Robert E. Carpenter & Bruce C. Petersen, 2002. "Capital Market Imperfections, High-Tech Investment, and New Equity Financing," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F54-F72, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    9. Ant Bozkaya & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "Who Funds Technology-Based Small Firms? Evidence from Belgium," Working Papers CEB 04-027.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Andrea Schertler, 2005. "European venture capital markets: fund providers and investment characteristics," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(6), pages 367-380, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    11. Judit Karsai, 2004. "Can the state replace private capital investors? Public financing of venture capital in Hungary," IEHAS Discussion Papers 0409, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. [Downloadable!]
    12. Andrea Schertler, 2002. "Comparative Advantages of Public Loan and Public Equity Schemes in Venture Capital Markets," Kiel Working Papers 1118, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    13. Douglas Cumming & Daniel Schmidt & Uwe Walz, 2004. "Legality and Venture Governance Around the World," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/17, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    14. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    15. Takalo , Tuomas & Tanayama , Tanja, 2008. "Adverse selection and financing of innovation: is there a need for R&D subsidies?," Research Discussion Papers 19/2008, Bank of Finland. [Downloadable!]
    16. Karel Janda, 2008. "Which Government Interventions Are Good in Alleviating Credit Market Failures?," Working Papers IES 2008/12, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised Jul 2008. [Downloadable!]
    17. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Public Policy for Start-up Entrepreneurship with Venture Capital and Bank Finance," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    18. V. Collewaert & S. Manigart & R. Aernoudt, 2007. "An Assessment Of Government Funding Of Business Angel Networks: A Regional Study," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 07/455, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    19. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    20. Peter Sunley & Britta Klagge & Christian Berndt & Ron Martin, 2005. "Venture capital programmes in the UK and Germany: In what sense regional policies?," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 39(2), pages 255-273, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    21. Valérie Revest & Sandro Sapio, . "Financing Technology-Based Small Firms in Europe: a review of the empirical evidence," LEM Papers Series 2008/23, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    22. Douglas J. Cumming & Jeffrey G. MacIntosh, 2003. "Comparative Venture Capital Governance. Private versus Labour Sponsored Venture Capital Funds," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    23. Alex Coad, 2007. "Neoclassical vs evolutionary theories of financial constraints : critique and prospectus," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne r07008, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne. [Downloadable!]
    24. Massimo Colombo & Luca Grilli, 2007. "Funding Gaps? Access To Bank Loans By High-Tech Start-Ups," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(1), pages 25-46, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    25. Ari Hyytinen & Lotta Väänänen, 2002. "Government Funding of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Finland," Discussion Papers 832, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    26. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2005. "De l’efficacité des dépenses fiscales pour l’achat d’actions : le cas du régime d’épargne-actions du Québec," CIRANO Working Papers 2005s-10, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]

  23. Josh Lerner, 2002. "Boom and bust in the venture capital industry and the impact on innovation," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, issue Q4, pages 25-39. [Downloadable!]

    Cited by:

    1. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Advice and monitoring in venture finance," Discussion Paper 03, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Douglas Cumming & Daniel Schmidt & Uwe Walz, 2004. "Legality and Venture Governance Around the World," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/17, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    3. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. André Gygax & Anna Griffiths, 2007. "Do venture capitalists imitate portfolio size?," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 69-94, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]

  24. Josh Lerner, 2002. "150 Years of Patent Protection," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(2), pages 221-225, May. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  25. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Astrid Romain & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "The economic impact of venture capital," Working Papers CEB 04-014.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Antonelli Cristiano, 2006. "Venture capitalism as a mechanism for knowledge governance," Dipartimento di Economia "S. Cognetti de Martiis" LEI & BRICK - Laboratorio di economia dell'innovazione "Franco Momigliano", Bureau of Research in Innovation, Complexity and Knowledge, Collegio Carlo 200604, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
    3. Ansgar Belke & Rainer Fehn & Neil Foster, 2001. "Venture Capital Investment and Labor Market Performance: A Panel Data Analysis," Vienna Economics Papers 0112, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Sau Lino, 2007. "New pecking order financing for innovative firms:an overview," Department of Economics Working Papers 200702, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    5. Keuschnigg, Christian & Nielsen, Soren Bo, 2003. "Taxation and Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 4097, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    6. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Optimal Public Policy For Venture Capital Backed Innovation," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-09, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Colin Mayer & Koen Schoors & Yishay Yafeh, 2003. "Sources of Funds and Investment Activities of Venture Capital Funds: Evidence from Germany, Israel, Japan and the UK," NBER Working Papers 9645, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    8. Ansgar Belke & Rainer Fehn & Neil Foster, 2003. "Does Venture Capital Investment Spur Employment Growth?," Vienna Economics Papers 0303, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Walter W. Powell & Kenneth W. Koput & James I. Bowie & Laurel Smith-Doerr, 2002. "The Spatial Clustering of Science and Capital: Accounting for Biotech Firm-Venture Capital Relationships," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 291-305, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    10. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2002. "Start-ups, Venture Capitalits, and the Capital Gains Tax," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Rajeev K. Goel & Iftekhar Hasan, 2004. "Funding new ventures: some strategies for raising early finance," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 14(11), pages 773-778, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    12. Erik Lehmann, 2004. "Does Venture Capital Syndication Spur Employment Growth and Shareholder Value? : evidence from German IPO Data," Working Papers of the Research Group Heterogenous Labor 04-11, Research Group Heterogeneous Labor, University of Konstanz/ZEW Mannheim. [Downloadable!]
    13. Cristiano Antonelli & Morris Teubal, 2009. "Venture Capitalism, New Markets and Innovation-led Economic Growth," ICER Working Papers 03-2009, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    14. Bart Clarysse & Mirjam Knockaert & Andy Lockett, 2007. "Outside Board Members in High Tech Start-ups," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 243-259, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Oliver Fabel & Dominique Demougin, 2004. "The Division of Ownership in New Ventures," Working Papers of the Research Group Heterogenous Labor 04-03, Research Group Heterogeneous Labor, University of Konstanz/ZEW Mannheim. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    16. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2005. "On the Usefulness of Tax Incentives for Business Angels and SME Owners: An Empirical Analysis," CIRANO Working Papers 2005s-13, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    17. Manju Puri & Rebecca Zarutskie, 2008. "On the Lifecycle Dynamics of Venture-Capital- and Non-Venture-Capital-Financed Firms," NBER Working Papers 14250, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Is it the law or the lawyers? : Investment fund covernants across countries," Discussion Paper 05, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    19. Joshua Aizenman & Jake Kendall, 2008. "The Internationalization of Venture Capital and Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14344, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    20. Gil Avnimelech & Martin Kenney & Morris Teubal, 2004. "Building Venture Capital Industries: Understanding the U.S. and Israeli Experiences," UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, Working Paper Series 1059, UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
    21. Alessandro Rosiello & Morris Teubal & Gil Avnimelech, 2008. "Towards the Framing of Venture Capital Policies: a Systems-Evolutionary Perspective with Particular Reference to the UK/Scotland and Israeli Experiences," ICER Working Papers 21-2008, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    22. Yuen-Ping Ho & Poh-Kam Wong, 2007. "Financing, Regulatory Costs and Entrepreneurial Propensity," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 187-204, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    23. Audretsch, David B & Lehmann, Erik, 2002. "Does the New Economy Need New Governance? Ownership, Knowledge and Performance," CEPR Discussion Papers 3626, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    24. Stelios Michalopoulos & Luc Laeven & Ross Levine, 2009. "Financial Innovation and Endogenous Growth," NBER Working Papers 15356, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    25. Claire Champenois & Dirk Engel & Oliver Heneric, 2006. "What kind of German biotechnology start-ups do venture capital companies and corporate investors prefer for equity investments?," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(5), pages 505-518, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    26. C. Beuselinck & M. Deloof & S. Manigart, 2005. "Private Equity Investments and Disclosure Policy," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 05/287, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    27. Vanacker, T. & Manigart, S., 2007. "Incremental financing decisions in high growth companies: pecking order and debt capacity considerations," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2007-22, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    28. Clarysse, B. & Knockaert, M. & Lockett, A., 2006. "Outside board members in the high-tech start-ups," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2006-34, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
    29. Yuen Ping Ho & Poh Kam Wong, 2005. "Availability of Financing, Regulatory Business Costs and National Entrepreneurial Propensity," Industrial Organization 0504025, EconWPA, revised 03 Aug 2005. [Downloadable!]
    30. Morris Teubal & Terttu Luukkonen, 2006. "Venture Capital Industries and Policies: Some Cross-Country Comparisons," Discussion Papers 1006, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    31. Michael Fritsch & Dirk Schilder, 2006. "Does Venture Capital Investment Really Require Spatial Proximity? An Empirical Investigation," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-14, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    32. Rainer Lauterbach & Isabell Welpe & Jan Fertig, 2007. "Performance differentiation: cutting losses and maximizing profits of private equity and venture capital investments," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 45-67, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    33. Svensson, Roger, 2006. "Innovation Performance and Government Financing," Working Paper Series 664, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 30 Sep 2006. [Downloadable!]
    34. Iftekhar Hasan & Haizhi Wang, 2008. "The US bankruptcy law and private equity financing: empirical evidence," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 5-19, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    35. Christian Keuschnigg, 2002. "Venture Capital Backed Growth," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    36. Andy Cosh & Douglas Cumming & Alan Hughes, 2005. "Outside Entrepreneurial Capital," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp301, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    37. Tereza Tykvová, 2006. "How do investment patterns of independent and captive private equity funds differ? Evidence from Germany," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 399-418, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    38. Ari Hyytinen & Mika Pajarinen, 2001. "Financial Systems and Venture Capital in Nordic Countries: A comparative Study," Discussion Papers 774, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    39. Antonelli Cristiano & Teubal Morris, 2008. "Venture capital as a mechanism for knowledge governance : new markets and innovation-led economic growth," Dipartimento di Economia "S. Cognetti de Martiis" LEI & BRICK - Laboratorio di economia dell'innovazione "Franco Momigliano", Bureau of Research in Innovation, Complexity and Knowledge, Collegio Carlo 200805, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
    40. Cumming, Douglas & Johan, Sofia, 2006. "Regulatory harmonization and the development of private equity markets," Discussion Paper 1, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    41. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    42. Filippo Ippolito, 2005. "Convertible Preferred Stock in Venture Capital Financing," OFRC Working Papers Series 2005fe12, Oxford Financial Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
    43. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Public Taxation and Venture Capital Backed Entrepreneurship," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-17, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
    44. Goldberg , Mike & Palladini, Eric, 2008. "Chile : a strategy to promote innovative small and medium enterprises," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4518, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    45. Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2004. "The Organization of the Innovation Industry: Entrepreneurs, Venture Capitalists, and Oligopolists," Working Paper Series 626, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    46. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    47. Rajeev Goel & Iftekhar Hasan, 2005. "An IT professional’s dilemma: be an entrepreneur or a consultant?," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 17-25, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    48. Svensson, Roger, 2008. "Renewal of Patents and Government Financing," Working Paper Series 759, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    49. Knockaert, M. & Clarysse, B. & Wright, M. & Lockett, A., 2008. "Agency and similarity effects and the VC's attitude towards academic spin-out investing," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-22, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    50. Astrid Romain & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "The determinants of venture capital: A Panel Data Analysis of 16 OECD Countries," Working Papers CEB 04-015.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    51. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2004. "Bypassing the Financial Growth Cycle: Evidence from Capital Pool Companies," CIRANO Working Papers 2004s-48, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    52. Alexander Popov & Peter Roosenboom, 2009. "On the Real Effects of Private Equity Investment - Evidence from New Business Creation," Working Paper Series 1078, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    53. Knockaert, M. & Clarysse, B., 2008. "High-technology VCs: a distinct species on the investment market," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-08, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    54. Massimo Colombo & Luca Grilli, 2007. "Funding Gaps? Access To Bank Loans By High-Tech Start-Ups," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(1), pages 25-46, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    55. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2009. "The Canadian Public Venture Capital Market," CIRANO Working Papers 2009s-08, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    56. Cranfield, John & Herath, Deepananda & Henson, Spencer & Sparling, Dave, 2006. "An Analysis of Financing Innovation and Commercialization in Canada’'s Functional Food and Nutraceutical Sector," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21196, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association). [Downloadable!]
    57. José Martí Pellón & Marina Balboa, 2003. "Characterisation Of The Reputation Of Private Equity Managers: Evidence In Spain," Working Papers. Serie EC 2003-16, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie). [Downloadable!]
    58. van Pottelsberghe, Bruno & Romain, Astrid, 2004. "The Determinants of Venture Capital : Additional Evidence," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2004,19, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
    59. John Armour, 2002. "Law, Innovation and Finance: A Review," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp243, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    60. Fabrizi, Simona & Lippert, Steffen & Norback, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2007. "Venture Capitalists, Asymmetric Information and Ownership in the Innovation Process," MPRA Paper 6265, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    61. A. Arrighetti & A. Ninni, 2009. "Firm size and growth opportunities: a survey," Economics Department Working Papers 2009-EP05, Department of Economics, Parma University (Italy). [Downloadable!]
    62. Cristiano Antonelli & Morris Teubal, 2007. "Venture Capitalism as a Mechanism for Knowledge Governance: the Emergence of the Markets for Knowledge Intensive Property Rights," ICER Working Papers 12-2007, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

  26. Lanjouw, Jean O & Lerner, Josh, 2001. "Tilting the Table? The Use of Preliminary Injunctions," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 44(2), pages 573-603, October.

    Cited by:

    1. Jinyoung Kim & Gerald Marschke, 2004. "Accounting for the recent surge in U.S. patenting: changes in R&D expenditures, patent yields, and the high tech sector," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(6), pages 543-558, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    2. Josh Lerner, 2008. "The Litigation of Financial Innovations," NBER Working Papers 14324, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Alberto Galasso & Mark Schankerman, 2008. "Patent Thickets and the Market for Innovation: Evidence from Settlement of Patent Disputes," CEP Discussion Papers dp0889, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Josh Lerner, 2003. "The Patent System and Competition," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000577, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
    5. Alberto Galasso, 2007. "Broad Cross-License Agreements andPersuasive Patent Litigation: Theory andEvidence from the Semiconductor Industry," STICERD - Economics of Industry Papers 45, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    6. Patrick Cohendet & Matthieu Farcot & Julien Pénin, 2009. "Intellectual property in a knowledge-based economy : Patents to include vs. patents to exclude," Working Papers of BETA 2009-15, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
    7. Cremers, Katrin, 2004. "Determinants of Patent Litigation in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-72, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

  27. Jaffe, Adam B & Lerner, Josh, 2001. "Reinventing Public R&D: Patent Policy and the Commercialization of National Laboratory Technologies," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 32(1), pages 167-98, Spring.

    Cited by:

    1. James D. Adams & Eric P. Chiang & Jeffrey L. Jensen, 2003. "The Influence of Federal Laboratory R&D on Industrial Research," Rensselaer Working Papers in Economics 0301, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. David Popp, 2005. "They Don't Invent Them Like They Used To: An Examination of Energy Patent Citations Over Time," NBER Working Papers 11415, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    3. Alessandro Malipiero & Federico Munari & Maurizio Sobrero, 2005. "Focal Firms as Technological Gatakeepers within Industrial Districts Knowledge Creation and Dissemination in the Italian Packaging Machinery Industry," DRUID Working Papers 05-05, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    4. David B. Audretsch & Taylor Aldridge & Alexander Oettl, 2006. "The Knowledge Filter and Economic Growth: The Role of Scientist Entrepreneurship," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-11, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group. [Downloadable!]
    5. David Popp, 2006. "They Don'T Invent Them Like They Used To: An Examination Of Energy Patent Citations Over Time," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(8), pages 753-776, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    6. Heisey, Paul W. & Rubenstein, Kelly Day & King, John L., 2006. "Government Patenting And Technology Transfer," Economic Research Report 33597, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. [Downloadable!]
    7. Pierre Azoulay & Waverly Ding & Toby Stuart, 2005. "The Determinants of Faculty Patenting Behavior: Demographics or Opportunities?," NBER Working Papers 11348, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Antonelli Cristiano, 2003. "The governance of localized technological knowledge and the evolution of intellectual property rights," Dipartimento di Economia "S. Cognetti de Martiis" LEI & BRICK - Laboratorio di economia dell'innovazione "Franco Momigliano", Bureau of Research in Innovation, Complexity and Knowledge, Collegio Carlo 200301, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
    9. Belenzon, Sharon & Schankerman, Mark, 2007. "Harnessing Success: Determinants of University Technology Licensing Performance," CEPR Discussion Papers 6120, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    10. Svensson, Roger, 2004. "Commercialization of Patents and External Financing during the R&D-Phase," Working Paper Series 624, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    11. Deng, Yi, 2005. "The Value of Knowledge Spillovers in the US Semiconductor Industry," Departmental Working Papers 0516, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, revised Nov 2006. [Downloadable!]
    12. Pierre Azoulay & Waverly Ding & Toby Stuart, 2006. "The Impact of Academic Patenting on the Rate, Quality, and Direction of (Public) Research Output," NBER Working Papers 11917, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    13. Yi Deng, 2005. "The value of knowledge spillovers," Working Paper Series 2005-14, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. [Downloadable!]
    14. Sharon Belenzon & Mark Schankerman, 2007. "The Impact of Private Ownership, Incentives and Local Development Objectives on University Technology Transfer Performance," CEP Discussion Papers dp0779, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    15. Goktepe, Devrim, 2006. "Identification of University Inventors and University Patenting Patterns at Lund University:Conceptual- Methodological & Empirical Findings," MPRA Paper 1628, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 24 Nov 2006. [Downloadable!]
    16. Yi Deng, 2005. "The Value of Knowledge Flows: Evidence from Patent Citations Data," Computing in Economics and Finance 2005 374, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]

  28. Lerner, Josh & Tirole, Jean, 2001. "The open source movement: Key research questions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(4-6), pages 819-826, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Schulz, Celine & Wagner, Stefan, 2008. "Outlaw Community Innovations," Discussion Papers in Business Administration 4678, University of Munich, Munich School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Evangelos Katsamakas & Mingdi Xin, 2005. "An economic analysis of enterprise adoption of open source software," Working Papers 05-29, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
    3. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Two-sided competition of proprietary vs. open source technology platforms and the implications for the software industry1," Working Papers 05-06, NET Institute, revised Oct 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Holck, Jesper & Larsen, Michael Holm & Pedersen, Mogens Kühn, 2004. "Identifying Business Barriers and Enablers for the Adoption of Open Source Software," Working Papers 2004-10, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Informatics. [Downloadable!]
    5. Egon Franck & Carola Jungwirth, 2001. "Open versus Closed Source," Working Papers 0004, University of Zurich, Institute for Strategy and Business Economics (ISU). [Downloadable!]
    6. Nicholas Economides & Evangelos Katsamakas, 2005. "Linux vs. Windows: A comparison of application and platform innovation incentives for open source and proprietary software platforms+," Working Papers 05-03, NET Institute, revised Sep 2005. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Schulz, Celine, 2006. "The Secret to Successful User Communities: An Analysis of Computer Associates’ User Groups," Discussion Papers in Business Administration 1257, University of Munich, Munich School of Management. [Downloadable!]
    8. Nuvolari, A., 2003. "Open source software development: some historical perspectives," ECIS Working Papers 03.01, Eindhoven Centre for Innovation Studies, Eindhoven University of Technology. [Downloadable!]
    9. Haruvy Ernan & Wu Fang & Chakravarty Sujoy, 2005. "Incentives for Developers’ Contributions and Product Performance Metrics in Open Source Development: An Empirical Exploration," IIMA Working Papers 2005-03-04, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department. [Downloadable!]
    10. Julien Pénin, 2008. "More open than open innovation? Rethinking the concept of openness in innovation studies," Working Papers of BETA 2008-18, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
    11. Giovanni B. Ramello, 2004. "Intellectual property and the markets of ideas," LIUC Papers in Economics 161, Cattaneo University (LIUC). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    12. Larsen, Michael Holm & Holck, Jesper & Pedersen, Mogens Kühn, 2004. "The Challenges of Open Source Software in IT Adoption," Working Papers 2004-11, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Informatics. [Downloadable!]
    13. Paola Giuri & Gaia Rocchetti & Salvatore Torrisi, 2002. "Open Source Software: From Open Science to New Marketing Models," LEM Papers Series 2002/23, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    14. Andrea Bonaccorsi & Cristina Rossi, 2002. "Why open source software can succeed," LEM Papers Series 2002/15, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    15. Thierry Warin & Jean-Philippe Bonardi, 2007. "Open Source Software Development, Innovation, and Coordination Costs," Middlebury College Working Paper Series 0701, Middlebury College, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    16. Martin Weiss, 2009. "Altruism Squared - The Economics of Statalist Exchanges," DC09 Stata Conference 6, Stata Users Group. [Downloadable!]
    17. Patrick DeGraba, 2002. "The Economics of Open Source Software: A Survey of the Early Literature," Review of Network Economics, Concept Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 66-74, March. [Downloadable!]
    18. Rebeca Méndez-Durón & Clara García, 2009. "Returns from social capital in open source software networks," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 277-295, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

  29. Gompers, Paul & Lerner, Josh, 2000. "Money chasing deals? The impact of fund inflows on private equity valuation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(2), pages 281-325, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Zwart, G.J. de & Frieser, B. & Dijk, D.J.C. van, 2007. "A Recommitment Strategy for Long Term Private Equity Fund Investors," Research Paper ERS-2007-097-F&A Revision, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus Uni. [Downloadable!]
    2. Giacinta Cestone & Lucy White, . "Anti-Competitive Financial Contracting: The Design Of Financial Claims," UFAE and IAE Working Papers 453.00, Unitat de Fonaments de l'Anàlisi Econòmica (UAB) and Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Kaplan, Steve & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence and Capital Flows," Working papers 4446-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. John H. Cochrane, 2001. "The Risk and Return of Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 8066, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    5. Ulrich Lossen, 2006. "The Performance of Private Equity Funds: Does Diversification Matter?," Discussion Papers 192, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    6. Lai, Richard, 2005. "Does Competition Kill Ties?," MPRA Paper 4759, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Is it the law or the lawyers? : Investment fund covernants across countries," Discussion Paper 05, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
    8. Lerner, Josh & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Transaction Structures in the Developing World: Evidence from Private Equity," Working papers 4468-04, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Junfu Zhang, 2007. "A Study of Academic Entrepreneurs Using Venture Capital Data," IZA Discussion Papers 2992, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Advice and monitoring in venture finance," Discussion Paper 03, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Joost Driessen & Tse-Chun Lin & Ludovic Phalippou, 2008. "A New Method to Estimate Risk and Return of Non-Traded Assets from Cash Flows: The Case of Private Equity Funds," NBER Working Papers 14144, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    12. Weisbach, Michael & Axelson, Ulf & Jenkinson, Tim & Stromberg, Per, 2008. "Leverage and Pricing in Buyouts: An Empirical Analysis," Working Papers 08-1, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    13. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar, 2004. "Transaction Structures in the Developing World," NBER Working Papers 10348, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    14. Alexander Ljungqvist & Matthew Richardson, 2003. "The cash flow, return and risk characteristics of private equity," NBER Working Papers 9454, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    15. Marco Da Rin & Giovanna Nicodano & Alessandro Sembenelli, 2004. "Public Policy and the Creation of Active Venture Capital Markets," Working Papers 270, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    16. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Provincial preferences in private equity," Discussion Paper 04, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    17. Josh Lerner, 2002. "When Bureaucrats Meet Entrepreneurs: The Design of Effective "Public Venture Capital" Programmes," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 112(477), pages F73-F84, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    19. Darek Klonowski, 2005. "The Evolution of the Venture Capital Industry in Transition Economies: The Case of Poland," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 331-348, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    20. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Jialan Wang, 2008. "Secrets of the Academy: The Drivers of University Endowment Success," NBER Working Papers 14341, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    21. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wong, 2005. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices? The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 11136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    22. M. Meuleman & S. Manigart & A. Lockett & M. Wright, 2006. "Working With Unfamiliar Partners: Relational Embeddedness And Partner Selection In Inter-Firm Collaborations," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 06/371, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    23. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    24. Asim Mishra, 2005. "INDIAN VENTURE CAPITALISTS (VCs) INVESTMENT EVALUATION CRITERIA," Finance 0507002, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    25. Junfu Zhang, 2007. "The Advantage of Experienced Start-Up Founders in Venture Capital Acquisition: Evidence from Serial Entrepreneurs," IZA Discussion Papers 2964, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    26. Alexander Ljungqvist & Matthew Richardson & Daniel Wolfenzon, 2008. "The Investment Behavior of Buyout Funds: Theory and Evidence," NBER Working Papers 14180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    27. Inderst, Roman & Mueller, Holger M, 2002. "Venture Capital Contracts and Market Structure," CEPR Discussion Papers 3203, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    28. Douglas J. Cumming & Jeffrey G. MacIntosh, 2003. "Comparative Venture Capital Governance. Private versus Labour Sponsored Venture Capital Funds," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    29. J. Carlos Gómez Sala & Jorge Yzaguirre, 2003. "Presión sobre los precios en las revisiones del índice IBEX35," Investigaciones Economicas, Fundación SEPI, vol. 27(3), pages 491-531, September. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    30. H. T.J. Smit & W. De Maeseneire, 2005. "The role of investor capabilities in public-to-private transactions," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 05/290, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    31. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    32. Ulf Axelson & Per Stromberg & Michael S. Weisbach, 2007. "Why are Buyouts Levered: The Financial Structure of Private Equity Funds," NBER Working Papers 12826, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    33. Dessi, Roberta, 2009. "Contractual Execution and Strategic Incompleteness," IDEI Working Papers 465, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse. [Downloadable!]
    34. Steven N. Kaplan & Per Strömberg, 2008. "Leveraged Buyouts and Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14207, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:

  30. Samuel Kortum & Josh Lerner, 2000. "Assessing the Contribution of Venture Capital to Innovation," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 31(4), pages 674-692, Winter.

    Cited by:

    1. Baeyens, K. & Manigart, S., 2006. "Who gets private equity? The role of debt capacity, growth and intangible assets," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2006-24, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    2. Astrid Romain & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "The economic impact of venture capital," Working Papers CEB 04-014.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2006. "Self-Selection and Advice in Venture Capital Finance," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2006 2006-06, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Keuschnigg, Christian & Nielsen, Soren Bo, 2003. "Taxation and Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 4097, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    5. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Optimal Public Policy For Venture Capital Backed Innovation," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-09, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Christoph Grimpe & Roberto Patuelli, 2008. "Knowledge Production in Nanomaterials : An Application of Spatial Filtering to Regional Systems of Innovation," Quaderni della facoltà di Scienze economiche dell'Università di Lugano 0806, Biblioteca universitaria di Lugano (University Library of Lugano). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Hirukawa, Masayuki & Ueda, Masako, 2008. "Venture Capital and Industrial ''Innovation''," CEPR Discussion Papers 7089, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    8. Okamuro, Hiroyuki & Zhang, Jian Xiong, 2006. "Ownership Structure and R&D Investment of Japanese Start-up Firms," CEI Working Paper Series 2006-1, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
    9. Josh Lerner, 2002. "Boom and bust in the venture capital industry and the impact on innovation," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, issue Q4, pages 25-39. [Downloadable!]
    10. Beuselinck, C. & Manigart, S., 2006. "Financial reporting quality in privaty equity backed companies: the impact of ownership concentration," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2005-23, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2002. "Start-ups, Venture Capitalits, and the Capital Gains Tax," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    12. Rajeev K. Goel & Iftekhar Hasan, 2004. "Funding new ventures: some strategies for raising early finance," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 14(11), pages 773-778, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    13. William R. Kerr, 2008. "The Agglomeration of US Ethnic Inventors," Harvard Business School Working Papers 09-003, Harvard Business School. [Downloadable!]
    14. Bosch, Mariano & Lederman, Daniel & Maloney, William F., 2005. "Patenting and research and development : a global view," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3739, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    15. Dirk Dohse & Andrea Schertler, 2003. "Explaining the Regional Distribution of New Economy Firms — A Count Data Analysis," Kiel Working Papers 1193, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    16. Julia Hirsch, 2006. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Financed Innovation: A Contract Design Approach," CFS Working Paper Series 2006/29, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    17. Stefan ARPING & Gyöngyi LÓRÁNTH, 2002. "Corporate Leverage and Product Differentiation Strategy," Cahiers de Recherches Economiques du Département d'Econométrie et d'Economie politique (DEEP) 02.06, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des HEC, DEEP, revised May 2002. [Downloadable!]
    18. Keilbach, Max & Engel, Dirk, 2002. "Firm Level Implications of Early Stage Venture Capital Investment : An Empirical Investigation," ZEW Discussion Papers 02-82, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    19. Ann-Kristin Achleitner & Christian H. Fingerle, 2003. "Venture Capital und Private Equity als Lösungsansatz für Eigenkapitaldefizite in der Wirtschaft - Einführende Überlegungen," EF Working Paper Series 032003, DtA chair in Entrepreneurial Finance, Munich University of Technology, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    20. William R. Kerr, 2007. "The Ethnic Composition of US Inventors," Harvard Business School Working Papers 08-006, Harvard Business School. [Downloadable!]
    21. Josh Lerner & Julie Wulf, 2006. "Innovation and Incentives: Evidence from Corporate R&D," NBER Working Papers 11944, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    22. Sudipto Bhattacharya & Sergei Guriev, 2008. "Control Rights over Intellectual Property: Corporate Venturing and Bankruptcy Regimes," Working Papers w0118, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    23. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Backed Innovation," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    24. T. Vanacker, 2009. "A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Venture Capital Firm Heterogeneity on Portfolio Company Growth," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 09/552, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
    25. Robin Boadway & Oana Secrieru & Marianne Vigneault, 2005. "A Search Model of Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Unemployment," Working Papers 05-24, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
    26. Manju Puri & Rebecca Zarutskie, 2008. "On the Lifecycle Dynamics of Venture-Capital- and Non-Venture-Capital-Financed Firms," NBER Working Papers 14250, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    27. Block, Joern & Sandner, Philipp, 2009. "What is the Effect of the Current Financial Crisis on Venture Capital Financing? Empirical Evidence from US Internet Start-ups," MPRA Paper 14727, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    28. Joshua Aizenman & Jake Kendall, 2008. "The Internationalization of Venture Capital and Private Equity," NBER Working Papers 14344, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    29. Marco Da Rin & María Fabiana Penas, 2007. "The Effect of Venture Capital on Innovation Strategies," NBER Working Papers 13636, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    30. Schertler, Andrea & Tykvová, Tereza, 2006. "Rivals or partners? : Evidence from Europe's international private equity deals," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-91, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    31. Toole, Andrew A. & Czarnitzki, Dirk, 2005. "Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurship Through the SBIR Program," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-47, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    32. Dirk Engel & Claire Champenois & Oliver Heneric, 2004. "The Birth of German Biotechnology Industry – Did Venture Capital run the show?," RWI Discussion Papers 0016, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung. [Downloadable!]
    33. Andrew A. Toole & Dirk Czarnitzki, 2005. "Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurship Through the SBIR Program," NBER Working Papers 11450, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    34. Claire Champenois & Dirk Engel & Oliver Heneric, 2006. "What kind of German biotechnology start-ups do venture capital companies and corporate investors prefer for equity investments?," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(5), pages 505-518, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    35. Ant Bozkaya & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "Who Funds Technology-Based Small Firms? Evidence from Belgium," Working Papers CEB 04-027.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    36. Cumming, D. & Johan, S., 2005. "Advice and monitoring in venture finance," Discussion Paper 03, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    37. Tykvová, Tereza, 2004. "Who Are the True Venture Capitalists in Germany?," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-16, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    38. Andrea Schertler, 2002. "Venture Capitalists Investment Incentives Under Public Equity Schemes," Kiel Working Papers 1117, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    39. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner & David Scharfstein, 2003. "Entrepreneurial Spawning: Public Corporations and the Genesis of New Ventures, 1986-1999," NBER Working Papers 9816, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    40. Schertler, Andrea, 2003. "Driving Forces of Venture Capital Investments in Europe: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 27, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    41. Svensson, Roger, 2006. "Innovation Performance and Government Financing," Working Paper Series 664, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 30 Sep 2006. [Downloadable!]
    42. Christian Keuschnigg, 2002. "Venture Capital Backed Growth," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    43. Zoltan Acs & Lawrence A. Plummer & Ryan Sutter, 2007. "Penetrating the Knowledge Filter in the Rust Belt," Jena Economic Research Papers in Economics 2007-058, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Planck-Institute of Economics, Thueringer Universitaets- und Landesbibliothek. [Downloadable!]
    44. Andy Cosh & Douglas Cumming & Alan Hughes, 2005. "Outside Entrepreneurial Capital," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp301, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    45. Tereza Tykvová, 2006. "How do investment patterns of independent and captive private equity funds differ? Evidence from Germany," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 399-418, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    46. Marco Da Rin & Giovanna Nicodano & Alessandro Sembenelli, 2004. "Public Policy and the Creation of Active Venture Capital Markets," Working Papers 270, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    47. Sorensen, Morten, 2007. "Learning by Investing: Evidence from Venture Capital," SIFR Research Report Series 53, Institute for Financial Research. [Downloadable!]
    48. Howells, John, 2003. "Financial techniques, institutions and innovation," Working Papers 2003-3, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Management. [Downloadable!]
    49. Carlsson, Bo & Acs, Zoltan & Audretsch, David & Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 2007. "The knowledge filter, Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 104, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    50. Thomas Gehrig & Rune Stenbacka, 2003. "Venture Cycles: Theory and Evidence," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    51. Bronwyn H. Hall, 2002. "The Financing of Research and Development," NBER Working Papers 8773, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    52. Juergen Janger & Johann Scharler & Alfred Stiglbauer, 2006. "The Potential Growth prospects of the Austrian Economy - Methods and Determinants," Monetary Policy & the Economy, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 1, pages 24-52, May 2006. [Downloadable!]
    53. Ari Hyytinen & Mika Pajarinen, 2001. "Financial Systems and Venture Capital in Nordic Countries: A comparative Study," Discussion Papers 774, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    54. Douglas Cumming & Daniel Schmidt & Uwe Walz, 2004. "Legality and Venture Governance Around the World," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/17, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    55. Mohnen, Pierre & Palm, Franz & Schim van der Loeff, Sybrand & Tiwari, Amaresh, 2008. "Financial Constraints and Other Obstacles: Are they a Threat to Innovation Activity?," UNU-MERIT Working Paper Series 006, United Nations University, Maastricht Economic and social Research and training centre on Innovation and Technology. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    56. Jesper Lindgaard Christensen, 2008. "The IPR System, Venture Capital and Capital Markets – Contributions and Distortions of Small Firm Innovation?," DRUID Working Papers 08-03, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    57. Douglas Cumming & Sofia Johan, 2009. "Pre-seed government venture capital funds," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 26-56, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    58. Ari Hyytinen & Lotta Väänänen, 2004. "Could Mr. and Mrs. Capital Market Imperfection Please Step Forward? An Empirical Analysis of Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard in Capital Markets," Discussion Papers 887, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    59. Czarnitzki, Dirk & Toole, Andrew A., 2007. "Exploring the relationship between scientist human capital and firm performance: The case of biomedical academic entrepreneurs in the SBIR program," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-011, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    60. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Lieser, Karsten, 2008. "The European venture capital and private equity country attractiveness index(es)," IESE Research Papers D/773, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    61. Gebhardt, Georg & Schmidt, Klaus M., 2001. "Der Markt für Venture Capital: Anreizprobleme, Governance Strukturen und staatliche Interventionen," Discussion Papers in Economics 31, University of Munich, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    62. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Public Policy for Start-up Entrepreneurship with Venture Capital and Bank Finance," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    63. Lee Branstetter & Yoshiaki Ogura, 2005. "Is Academic Science Driving a Surge in Industrial Innovation? Evidence from Patent Citations," NBER Working Papers 11561, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    64. Laura Bottazzi & Marco Da Rin & Thomas Hellmann, 2004. "Active Financial Intermediation: Evidence on the Role of Organizational Specialization and Human Capital," Working Papers 266, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    65. Arping, Stefan & Lóránth, Gyöngyi, 2002. "Corporate Leverage and Product Differentiation Strategy," CEPR Discussion Papers 3451, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    66. Christian Bjørnskov & Nicolai Foss, 2008. "Economic freedom and entrepreneurial activity: Some cross-country evidence," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 134(3), pages 307-328, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    67. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Public Taxation and Venture Capital Backed Entrepreneurship," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2003 2003-17, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
    68. Antonelli Cristiano, 2003. "The governance of technological knowledge: strategies, processes and public policies," Dipartimento di Economia "S. Cognetti de Martiis" LEI & BRICK - Laboratorio di economia dell'innovazione "Franco Momigliano", Bureau of Research in Innovation, Complexity and Knowledge, Collegio Carlo 200306, University of Turin. [Downloadable!]
    69. Jerzmanowski, Michal & Nabar, Malhar, 2008. "Financial Development and Wage Inequality: Theory and Evidence," MPRA Paper 9841, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    70. Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2004. "The Organization of the Innovation Industry: Entrepreneurs, Venture Capitalists, and Oligopolists," Working Paper Series 626, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    71. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
    72. Asim Mishra, 2005. "INDIAN VENTURE CAPITALISTS (VCs) INVESTMENT EVALUATION CRITERIA," Finance 0507002, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    73. Laura Bottazzi & Marco da Rin, 2003. "Financing Entrepreneurial Firms in Europe: Facts, Issues, and Research Agenda," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    74. Svensson, Roger, 2008. "Renewal of Patents and Government Financing," Working Paper Series 759, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    75. C. Praag & Peter Versloot, 2007. "What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 351-382, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    76. Stolpe, Michael, 2003. "Learning and Signalling in The French and German Venture Capital Industries," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 24, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    77. Knockaert, M. & Clarysse, B. & Wright, M. & Lockett, A., 2008. "Agency and similarity effects and the VC's attitude towards academic spin-out investing," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-22, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    78. Schertler, Andrea, 2001. "Venture Capital in Europe's Common Market: A Quantitative Description," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 4, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    79. Bronwyn H. Hall & Josh Lerner, 2009. "The Financing of R&D and Innovation," NBER Working Papers 15325, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    80. Michelacci, Claudio & Suarez, Javier, 2002. "Business Creation and the Stock Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 3513, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    81. Celestine Chukumba & Richard Jensen, 2005. "University Invention, Entrepreneurship, and Start-Ups," NBER Working Papers 11475, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    82. Astrid Romain & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe, 2004. "The determinants of venture capital: A Panel Data Analysis of 16 OECD Countries," Working Papers CEB 04-015.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    83. Alexander Popov & Peter Roosenboom, 2009. "Does Private Equity Investment Spur Innovation? Evidence from Europe," Working Paper Series 1063, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    84. Groh, Alexander P. & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Lieser, Karsten, 2007. "The attractiveness of central eastern European countries for venture capital and private equity investors," IESE Research Papers D/677, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    85. Alexander Popov & Peter Roosenboom, 2009. "On the Real Effects of Private Equity Investment - Evidence from New Business Creation," Working Paper Series 1078, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    86. Knockaert, M. & Clarysse, B., 2008. "High-technology VCs: a distinct species on the investment market," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2008-08, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    87. Christian Keuschnigg & Soren Bo Nielsen, 2003. "Taxes and Venture Capital Support," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    88. Iain M. Cockburn & Megan MacGarvie, 2007. "Patents, Thickets, and the Financing of Early-Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry," NBER Working Papers 13644, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    89. van Pottelsberghe, Bruno & Romain, Astrid, 2004. "The Determinants of Venture Capital : Additional Evidence," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2004,19, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
    90. Fabrizi, Simona & Lippert, Steffen & Norback, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2007. "Venture Capitalists, Asymmetric Information and Ownership in the Innovation Process," MPRA Paper 6265, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    91. Groh, Alexander P., 2009. "Private equity in emerging markets," IESE Research Papers D/779, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    92. Douglas Cumming, 2007. "Financing Entrepreneurs Better Canadian Policy for Venture Capital," C.D. Howe Institute Commentary, C.D. Howe Institute, issue 247, April. [Downloadable!]
    93. Carolin Haeussler & Dietmar Harhoff & Elisabeth Müller, 2009. "To Be Financed or Not...- The Role of Patents for Venture Capital Financing," Discussion Papers 253, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    94. Dirk Engel & Joel Stiebale, 2009. "Private Equity, Investment and Financial Constraints – Firm-Level Evidence for France and the United Kingdom," Ruhr Economic Papers 0126, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen. [Downloadable!]
    95. Cristiano Antonelli & Morris Teubal, 2007. "Venture Capitalism as a Mechanism for Knowledge Governance: the Emergence of the Markets for Knowledge Intensive Property Rights," ICER Working Papers 12-2007, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    96. Peter Egger & Christian Keuschnigg, 2009. "Corporate Finance and Comparative Advantage," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2009 2009-04, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
    97. Dennis W. Carlton & Robert H. Gertner, 2002. "Intellectual Property, Antitrust and Strategic Behavior," NBER Working Papers 8976, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    98. Haeussler, Carolin & Harhoff, Dietmar & Mueller, Elisabeth, 2009. "To Be Financed or Not… - The Role of Patents for Venture Capital Financing," CEPR Discussion Papers 7115, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    99. Lee Branstetter & Kwon Hyeog Ug, 2004. "The Restructuring Of Japanese Research And Development: The Increasing Impact Of Science On Japanese R&D," Discussion papers 04021, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]

  31. Gompers, Paul & Lerner, Josh, 1999. "Conflict of Interest in the Issuance of Public Securities: Evidence from Venture Capital," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 42(1), pages 1-28, April.
    Other versions:

    See citations under working paper version above.

  32. Gompers, Paul & Lerner, Josh, 1999. "An analysis of compensation in the U.S. venture capital partnership1," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 3-44, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. Mitchell Berlin, 1998. "That thing venture capitalist do," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Jan, pages 15-26. [Downloadable!]
    2. Feess, E. & Hege, U., 2000. "Safety monitoring, capital structure, and "financial responsibility"," Discussion Paper 33, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    3. Mukoyama, Toshihiko & Sahin, Aysegül, 2004. "Repeated Moral Hazard with Persistence," Cahiers de recherche 01-2004, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    4. Narasimhan Jegadeesh & Roman Kräussl & Joshua Pollet, 2009. "Risk and Expected Returns of Private Equity Investments: Evidence Based on Market Prices," NBER Working Papers 15335, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    5. Paul Oyer, 2006. "The Making of an Investment Banker: Macroeconomic Shocks, Career Choice, and Lifetime Income," NBER Working Papers 12059, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    6. L. Bottazzi & M. Da Rin & T. Hellmann, 2007. "Who are the active investors? Evidence from Venture Capital," Working Papers 611, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    7. Falconer Mitchell & Gavin C Reid & Nicholas G Terry, 1996. "Venture Capital Supply and Accounting Information System Development," CRIEFF Discussion Papers 9616, Centre for Research into Industry, Enterprise, Finance and the Firm. [Downloadable!]
    8. Lerner, Joshua & Schoar, Antoinette, 2003. "The Illiquidity Puzzle: Theory and Evidence from Private Equity," Working papers 4378-02, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    9. Kaplan, Steve & Schoar, Antoinette, 2004. "Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence and Capital Flows," Working papers 4446-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    10. Judith Chevalier & Glenn Ellison, 1998. "Career Concerns of Mutual Fund Managers," NBER Working Papers 6394, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    11. Robert E. Hall & Susan E. Woodward, 2007. "The Incentives to Start New Companies: Evidence from Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 13056, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    12. Groh, Alexander P. & Gottschalg, Oliver, 2009. "The opportunity cost of capital of US buyouts," IESE Research Papers D/780, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    13. Andrea Schertler, 2000. "Venture Capital Contracts: A survey of the recent literature," Kiel Working Papers 1017, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    14. Oliver, Gottschalg & Ludovic, Phalippou, 2006. "The performance of private equity funds," Les Cahiers de Recherche 852, HEC Paris. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    15. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1998. "Conflict of Interest in the Issuance of Public Securities: Evidence from Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 6847, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    16. Canice Prendergast, 1996. "What Happens Within Firms? A Survey of Empirical Evidence on Compensation Policies," NBER Working Papers 5802, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    17. Axelson, Ulf & Strömberg, Per Johan & Weisbach, Michael, 2007. "Why are Buyouts Leveraged? The Financial Structure of Private Equity Firms," CEPR Discussion Papers 6133, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    18. Greg Hallman & Jay C. Hartzell, 1999. "Optimal Compensation Contracts with Pay-For-Performance and Termination Incentives," New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires 99-053, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-. [Downloadable!]
    19. Robert Gibbons, 1997. "Incentives and Careers in Organizations," NBER Working Papers 5705, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    20. Georg Gebhardt, 2006. "A Soft Budget Constraint Explanation for the Venture Capital Cycle," Discussion Papers 173, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    21. Steven N. Kaplan & Joshua Rauh, 2007. "Wall Street and Main Street: What Contributes to the Rise in the Highest Incomes?," NBER Working Papers 13270, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    22. Daniel Schmidt, 2004. "Private equity-, stock- and mixed asset-portfolios: A bootstrap approach to determine performance characteristics, diversification benefits and optimal portfolio allocations," CFS Working Paper Series 2004/12, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    23. Gebhardt, Georg & Schmidt, Klaus M., 2001. "Der Markt für Venture Capital: Anreizprobleme, Governance Strukturen und staatliche Interventionen," Discussion Papers in Economics 31, University of Munich, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    24. Stefan ARPING, 2002. "Cannibalization & Incentives in Venture Financing," Cahiers de Recherches Economiques du Département d'Econométrie et d'Economie politique (DEEP) 02.07, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des HEC, DEEP, revised May 2002. [Downloadable!]
    25. André Gygax & Anna Griffiths, 2007. "Do venture capitalists imitate portfolio size?," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 69-94, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    26. Laura Bottazzi & Marco Da Rin & Thomas Hellmann, 2004. "Active Financial Intermediation: Evidence on the Role of Organizational Specialization and Human Capital," Working Papers 266, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    27. Heukamp, Franz & Liechtenstein, Heinrich & Wakeling, Nick, 2006. "Do business angels alter the risk-return equation in early stage investments? Business angels as seen by venture capitalists in the German speaking countries," IESE Research Papers D/655, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
    28. Daniel Schmidt & Mark Wahrenburg, 2003. "Contractual Relations between European VC–Funds and Investors: The Impact of Reputation and Bargaining Power on Contractual Design," CFS Working Paper Series 2003/15, Center for Financial Studies. [Downloadable!]
    29. Paul A. Gompers & Josh Lerner, 1999. "What Drives Venture Capital Fundraising?," NBER Working Papers 6906, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    30. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wong, 2005. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices? The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 11136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    31. Frank Kerins & Janet K. Smith & Richard L. Smith, 2000. "New Venture Opportunity Cost of Capital and Financial Contracting," Claremont Colleges Working Papers 2000-51, Claremont Colleges. [Downloadable!]
    32. Asim Mishra, 2005. "INDIAN VENTURE CAPITALISTS (VCs) INVESTMENT EVALUATION CRITERIA," Finance 0507002, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    33. Thomas Philippon & Yuliy Sannikov, 2007. "Real Options in a Dynamic Agency Model, with Applications to Financial Development, IPOs, and Business Risk," NBER Working Papers 13584, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    34. Bronwyn H. Hall & Josh Lerner, 2009. "The Financing of R&D and Innovation," NBER Working Papers 15325, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    35. Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner, 2001. "The Venture Capital Revolution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 145-168, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    36. Axelson, Ulf & Stromberg, Per & Weisbach, Michael S., 2008. "Why Are Buyouts Levered? The Financial Structure of Private Equity Funds," Working Paper Series 2008-15, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    37. Ayako Yasuda & Andrew Metrick, 2007. "The economics of private equity funds," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Oct. [Downloadable!]

  33. Kortum, Samuel & Lerner, Josh, 1999. "What is behind the recent surge in patenting?1," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 1-22, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

    Cited by:

    1. van Pottelsberghe, Bruno & van Zeebroeck, Nicolas, 2007. "A Brief History of Space and Time: the Scope-Year Index as a Patent Value Indicator Based on Families and Renewals," CEPR Discussion Papers 6321, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    2. Ejermo, Olof & Kander, Astrid, 2007. "Swedish business research productivity – improvements against international trends," CIRCLE Electronic Working Paper Series 2007-07, CIRCLE (Centre for Innovation, Research and Competence in the Learning Economy), Lund University. [Downloadable!]
    3. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2008. "Specific Capital and Technological Variety," NBER Working Papers 13998, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    4. Alessandro Malipiero & Federico Munari & Maurizio Sobrero, 2005. "Focal Firms as Technological Gatakeepers within Industrial Districts Knowledge Creation and Dissemination in the Italian Packaging Machinery Industry," DRUID Working Papers 05-05, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies. [Downloadable!]
    5. Stuart J. H. Graham & Bronwyn H. Hall & Dietmar Harhoff & David C. Mowery, 2003. "Post-Issue Patent "Quality Control": A Comparative Study of US Patent Re-examinations and European Patent Oppositions," Industrial Organization 0303009, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    6. Bronwyn H. Hall & Stuart J.H. Graham & Dietmar Harhoff, 2003. "Prospects for Improving U.S. Patent Quality via Post-grant Opposition," NBER Working Papers 9731, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    7. Julien Pénin, 2003. "Patents versus ex-post rewards: a new look," Working Papers of BETA 2003-09, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    8. de Rassenfosse, Gaétan & van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, 2008. "A Policy Insight into the R&D-Patent Relationship," CEPR Discussion Papers 6716, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
      Other versions:
    9. Marco, Alan C., 2005. "Learning by Suing: Structural Estimates of Court Errors in Patent Litigation," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 68, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    10. Marco, Alan, 2001. "The Option Value of Patent Litigation: Theory and Evidence," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 52, Vassar College Department of Economics, revised Dec 2003. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    11. Nicolas van Zeebroeck & Bruno Van Pottelsberghe & Dominique Guellec, 2006. "Claiming more: the increased voluminosity of patent applications and its determinants," Working Papers CEB 06-018.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    12. Kartin Hussinger, 2005. "Is Silence Golden? Patents versus Secrecy at the Firm Level," Discussion Papers 37, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    13. Felix Chan & Dora Marinova & Michael McAleer, 2004. "Trends and volatilities in foreign patents registered in the USA," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 36(6), pages 585-592, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    14. Klaus Kultti & Tuomas Takalo & Juuso Toikka, 2005. "Patents Hinder Collusion," Industrial Organization 0503015, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    15. Paroma Sanyal, 2005. "Peanut Butter Patents Versus the New Economy: Does the Increased Rate of Patenting Signal More Invention or Just Lower Standards?," Industrial Organization 0504013, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    16. Alexandre Almeida & Aurora A.C. Teixeira, 2007. "Does Patenting negatively impact on R&D investment?An international panel data assessment," FEP Working Papers 255, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto. [Downloadable!]
    17. Robert Hunt, 1999. "Patent reform: a mixed blessing for the U.S. economy?," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Nov, pages 15-29. [Downloadable!]
    18. James Adams, 2006. "Learning, internal research, and spillovers †," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(1), pages 5-36, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    19. Nicolas van Zeebroeck, 2007. "The puzzle of patent value indicators," Working Papers CEB 07-023.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
    20. Jinyoung Kim & Gerald Marschke, 2004. "Accounting for the recent surge in U.S. patenting: changes in R&D expenditures, patent yields, and the high tech sector," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(6), pages 543-558, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    21. Oecd, 2004. "Patents and Innovation: Trends and Policy Challenges," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000000502, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
    22. Bronwyn Hall & Adam Jaffee & Manuel Trajtenberg, 2000. "Market Value and Patent Citations: A First Look," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series 1036, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    23. Shih-Tse Lo, 2004. "Strenghtening Intellectual Property rights: Experience from the 1986 Taiwanese Patent Reforms," Working Papers 04004, Concordia University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    24. Robert M Hunt, 2003. "Patentability, Industry Structure and Innovation," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000689, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    25. Antonio Della Malva & Francesco Lissoni & Patrick Llerena, 2008. "Institutional Change and Academic Patenting: French Universities and the Innovation Act of the 1999," Working Papers of BETA 2008-09, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
    26. Wolfgang Gick, 2004. "Little Firms and Big Patents: The Incentives To Disclose Competencies," Industrial Organization 0411010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    27. Nicolas van Zeebroeck, 2009. "From patent renewals to applications survival: do portfolio management strategies play a role in patent length?," Working Papers CEB 09-028.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
    28. Kander, Astrid & Ejermo, Olof, 2006. "Trends in R&D, innovation and productivity in Sweden 1985-2002," CIRCLE Electronic Working Paper Series 2006-09, CIRCLE (Centre for Innovation, Research and Competence in the Learning Economy), Lund University. [Downloadable!]
    29. James D. Adams, 2004. "Learning, Internal Research, and Spillovers Evidence from a Sample of R&D Laboratories," Rensselaer Working Papers in Economics 0409, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    30. Acharya, Viral V & Subramanian, Krishnamurthy, 2007. "Bankruptcy Codes and Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers 6307, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    31. Stuart Graham & David Mowrey, 2004. "Submarines in software? continuations in US software patenting in the 1980s and 1990s," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 443-456, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    32. Wesley M Cohen & Richard R Nelson & John P Walsh, 2003. "Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (Or Not)," Levine's Working Paper Archive 618897000000000624, David K. Levine. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    33. Lee Branstetter & Yoshiaki Ogura, 2005. "Is Academic Science Driving a Surge in Industrial Innovation? Evidence from Patent Citations," NBER Working Papers 11561, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    34. Wink, Ruediger, 2002. "The transregional dimension of territorial knowledge management. An evolutionary perspective on the role of universities," ERSA conference papers ersa02p496, European Regional Science Association. [Downloadable!]
    35. Lee Davis, 2004. "Intellectual property rights, strategy and policy," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 399-415, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    36. Paola Giuri & Alessandra Luzzi, 2005. "Commercialisation Strategies of Technology based European SMEs: Markets for Technology vs. Markets for Products," LEM Papers Series 2005/08, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
    37. Aditi Mehta & Marc Rysman & Tim Simcoe, 2007. "Identifying the Age Profile of Patent Citations," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2007-021, Boston University - Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    38. Elizabeth Webster, 2002. "Intangible and Intellectual Capital: A Review of the Literature," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2002n10, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
    39. Shih-tse Lo & Dhanoos Sutthiphisal, 2009. "Does it Matter Who Has the Right to Patent: First-to-invent or First-to-file? Lessons From Canada," NBER Working Papers 14926, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    40. MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki, 2009. "Software Patent and its Impact on Software Innovation in Japan," Discussion papers 09038, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
    41. Blind, Knut & Cremers, Katrin & Mueller, Elisabeth, 2007. "The Influence of Strategic Patenting on Companies? Patent Portfolios," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-013, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    42. Nicolas van Zeebroeck, 2007. "Patents only live twice: a patent survival analysis in Europe," Working Papers CEB 07-028.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
    43. Nicolas van Zeebroeck, 2009. "Filing strategies and the increasing duration of patent applications," Working Papers CEB 09-005.RS, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Centre Emile Bernheim (CEB). [Downloadable!]
    44. David Encaoua & Dominique Guellec & Catalina Martínez, 2006. "Patent Systems for Encouraging Innovation: Lessons from Economic Analysis," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00177614_v1, HAL. [Downloadable!]
      Other versions:
    45. Patrick Cohendet & Matthieu Farcot & Julien Pénin, 2009. "Intellectual property in a knowledge-based economy : Patents to include vs. patents to exclude," Working Papers of BETA 2009-15, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
    46. Marco, Alan C., 2006. "The Value of Certainty in Intellectual Property Rights: Stock Market Reactions to Patent Litigation," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 82, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    47. Jeremy Greenwood & Boyan Jovanovic, 1999. "The IT Revolution and the S