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Venturing beyond the IPO: Financing of Newly Public Firms by Venture Capitalists

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  • PETER ILIEV
  • MICHELLE LOWRY

Abstract

Contrary to conventional wisdom, we document that approximately 15% of venture capitalist (VC)‐backed firms raise additional capital from VCs in the five years after going public. We propose two explanations for why firms revert to VC financing post‐IPO (initial public offering). First, we hypothesize that VC participation in post‐IPO financing represents an efficient solution to informational problems that would otherwise constrain firms’ abilities to exploit value‐increasing investments. Analyses of firm and VC characteristics, together with the finding that these investments are value‐increasing for both VCs and the underlying companies, support this hypothesis. We find no support for the alternative that agency conflicts motivate these investments.

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  • Peter Iliev & Michelle Lowry, 2020. "Venturing beyond the IPO: Financing of Newly Public Firms by Venture Capitalists," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 75(3), pages 1527-1577, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:75:y:2020:i:3:p:1527-1577
    DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12879
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael Ewens & Nadya Malenko, 2020. "Board Dynamics over the Startup Life Cycle," NBER Working Papers 27769, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Paul P. Momtaz, 2023. "The economics of PIPEs, revisited," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 59-83, January.
    3. Bian, Bo & Li, Yingxiang & Nigro, Casimiro A., 2022. "Conflicting fiduciary duties and fire sales of VC-backed start-ups," LawFin Working Paper Series 35, Goethe University, Center for Advanced Studies on the Foundations of Law and Finance (LawFin).
    4. Giang Nguyen & Hung Pham, 2023. "Venture capital and methods of payment in mergers and acquisitions," Post-Print hal-04325755, HAL.
    5. Fatima Shuwaikh & Mathew Hughes & Souad Brinette & Sabrina Khemiri, 2024. "Investment decisions under uncertainty: Corporate venture capital as a real option," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 2452-2471, April.
    6. Vladimirov, Vladimir & Terovitis, Spyros, 2020. "How Financial Markets Create Superstars," CEPR Discussion Papers 15546, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Denis, David J. & McKeon, Stephen B., 2021. "Persistent negative cash flows, staged financing, and the stockpiling of cash balances," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(1), pages 293-313.
    8. Aggarwal, Dhruv & Eldar, Ofer & Hochberg, Yael V. & Litov, Lubomir P., 2022. "The rise of dual-class stock IPOs," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(1), pages 122-153.
    9. Mark D. Walker & Qingqing Wu, 2024. "PIPEs, firm investment, and viability," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 171-194, January.
    10. Amini, Shima & Mohamed, Abdulkadir & Schwienbacher, Armin & Wilson, Nicholas, 2022. "Impact of venture capital holding on firm life cycle: Evidence from IPO firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    11. Basnet, Anup & Blomkvist, Magnus & Cumming, Douglas J., 2022. "Premature listing and post-IPO venture capital refinancing," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

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