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The Genesis of Venture Capital - Lessons from the German Experience

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Author Info
Ralf Becker
Thomas Hellmann ()

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Abstract

Why does venture capital work in some countries but not in others? This clinical study of the first German venture capital firm examines the difficulties of creating a venture capital market in a bank-based financial system. The analysis identifies the problem of creating appropriate governance structures to protect investor returns. It exposes the difficulties of established banks - not to mention government - to devise venture investment strategies. It identifies the availability of high quality entrepreneurs as a critical complement. And it provides a reinterpretation of the hypothesis of Black and Gilson (1997), arguing that the existence of an active stock market is a necessary, but by no means sufficient condition for the development of venture capital.

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Paper provided by CESifo Group Munich in its series CESifo Working Paper Series with number CESifo Working Paper No. 883.

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Date of creation: 2003
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Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_883

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General
M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
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    Other versions:
  3. Boot, Arnoud W A & Thakor, Anjan V, 1997. "Financial System Architecture," Review of Financial Studies, Oxford University Press for Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(3), pages 693-733.
    Other versions:
  4. Jensen, Michael C. & Meckling, William H., 1976. "Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 305-360, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Lerner, Josh, 1995. " Venture Capitalists and the Oversight of Private Firms," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(1), pages 301-18, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Thomas Hellmann & Manju Puri, 2002. "Venture Capital and the Professionalization of Start-Up Firms: Empirical Evidence," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(1), pages 169-197, 02. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  7. Steven N. Kaplan & Per Stromberg, 2003. "Financial Contracting Theory Meets the Real World: An Empirical Analysis of Venture Capital Contracts," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 70(2), pages 281-315, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  8. Milgrom, Paul & Roberts, John, 1995. "Complementarities and fit strategy, structure, and organizational change in manufacturing," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2-3), pages 179-208, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  20. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Maksimovic, Vojislav, 1999. "Institutions, financial markets, and firm debt maturity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 295-336, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  21. Bhattacharya Sudipto & Thakor Anjan V., 1993. "Contemporary Banking Theory," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 3(1), pages 2-50, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. John Armour, 2002. "Law, Innovation and Finance: A Review," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp243, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
  2. Laura Bottazzi & Marco da Rin, 2003. "Financing Entrepreneurial Firms in Europe: Facts, Issues, and Research Agenda," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
  3. Keuschnigg, Christian, 2003. "Optimal Public Policy for Venture Capital Backed Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers 3850, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Andrea Schertler, 2002. "Under What Conditions Do Venture Capital Markets Emerge?," Kiel Working Papers 1119, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  5. Christian Keuschnigg, 2003. "Public Policy and Venture Capital Backed Innovation," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
  6. Thomas Hellman & Laura Lindsey & Manju Puri, 2004. "Building Relationships Early: Banks in Venture Capital," NBER Working Papers 10535, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  7. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
  8. Andrea Schertler, 2002. "Path Dependencies in Venture Capital Markets," Kiel Working Papers 1120, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  9. Goergen, M. & Khurshed, A. & McCahery, J.A. & Renneboog, L.D.R., 2002. "The rise and fall of the European new markets : on the short and long-run performance of high-tech initial public offerings," Discussion Paper 101, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  10. John Armour & Douglas Cumming, 2004. "The Legal Road To Replicating Silicon Valley," ESRC Centre for Business Research - Working Papers wp281, ESRC Centre for Business Research. [Downloadable!]
  11. Erik Lehmann, 2004. "Does Venture Capital Syndication Spur Employment Growth and Shareholder Value? : evidence from German IPO Data," Working Papers of the Research Group Heterogenous Labor 04-11, Research Group Heterogeneous Labor, University of Konstanz/ZEW Mannheim. [Downloadable!]
  12. Erik Lehmann, 2006. "Does Venture Capital Syndication Spur Employment Growth and Shareholder Value? Evidence from German IPO Data," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 26(5), pages 455-464, 06. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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