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Georg Graetz

Citations

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RePEc Biblio mentions

As found on the RePEc Biblio, the curated bibliography of Economics:
  1. Georg Graetz & Guy Michaels, 2015. "Robots at Work," CEP Discussion Papers dp1335, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Mentioned in:

    1. > Labor Economics > Robots

Working papers

  1. Melanie Arntz & Michael J. Bohm & Georg Graetz & Terry Gregory & Florian Lehmer & Cacilia Lipowski, 2025. "Firm-level technology adoption in times of crisis," CEP Discussion Papers dp2093, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Storm, Eduard & Gonschor, Myrielle & Schmidt, Marc Justin, 2025. "AI in demand: How expertise shapes its (early) impact on workers," Ruhr Economic Papers 1185, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    2. Benner, Niklas & Heuer, Felix & Kamb, Rebecca & Storm, Eduard, 2025. "Do economic crises reshape the skill content of Jobs? Evidence from organizational changes in the post-pandemic era," Ruhr Economic Papers 1195, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.

  2. Georg Graetz & Oskar Nordström Skans & Björn Öckert, 2020. "Family background and the responses to higher SAT scores," CEP Discussion Papers dp1698, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Kent Eliasson & Olle Westerlund, 2023. "The urban wage premium and spatial sorting on observed and unobserved ability," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 23(3), pages 601-627.
    2. Graetz, Georg & Karimi, Arizo, 2022. "Gender gap variation across assessment types: Explanations and implications," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    3. Berggren, Andrea & Jeppsson, Louise, 2021. "The Impact of Upper Secondary School Flexibility on Sorting and Educational Outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

  3. Georg Graetz, 2020. "Labor demand in the past, present and future," CEP Discussion Papers dp1683, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Graetz, Georg, 2020. "Technological change and the Swedish labor market," Working Paper Series 2020:19, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.

  4. Graetz, Georg, 2020. "Technological change and the Swedish labor market," Working Paper Series 2020:19, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.

    Cited by:

    1. Bustos, Emil, 2023. "The Effect of Centrally Bargained Wages on Firm Growth," Working Paper Series 1456, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.

  5. Per-Anders Edin & Tiernan Evans & Georg Graetz & Sofia Hernnäs & Guy Michaels, 2019. "Individual consequences of occupational decline," CEP Discussion Papers dp1629, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Blien, Uwe & Dauth, Wolfgang & Roth, Duncan, 2019. "Occupational routine-intensity and the costs of job loss : evidence from mass layoffs," IAB-Discussion Paper 201925, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    2. Georg Graetz, 2019. "Labor Demand in the Past, Present, and Future," European Economy - Discussion Papers 114, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    3. Antti Kauhanen & Krista Riukula, 2024. "The costs of job loss and task usage: Do social tasks soften the drop?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 67(4), pages 1355-1374, October.
    4. Michael J. Böhm & Ben Etheridge & Aitor Irastorza-Fadrique, 2024. "The impact of labour demand shocks when occupational labour supplies are heterogeneous," IFS Working Papers W24/28, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    5. Lewandowski, Piotr & Keister, Roma & Hardy, Wojciech & Górka, Szymon, 2020. "Ageing of routine jobs in Europe," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 44(4).
    6. Bennett, Patrick & Johnsen, Julian V., 2025. "Intersecting Shocks: The Combined Labor Market Impacts of Automation and Immigration," IZA Discussion Papers 18218, IZA Network @ LISER.
    7. Gardberg, Malin & Heyman, Fredrik & Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2020. "Digitization-based automation and occupational dynamics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    8. Boddin, Dominik & Kroeger, Thilo, 2021. "Structural change revisited: The rise of manufacturing jobs in the service sector," Discussion Papers 38/2021, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    9. Hideki Nakamura, 2024. "Can displaced workers have a fresh start?," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(1), pages 83-106, February.
    10. Grigoli, Francesco & Koczan, Zsoka & Topalova, Petia, 2020. "Automation and labor force participation in advanced economies: Macro and micro evidence," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    11. Terhi Maczulskij, 2024. "Occupational Mobility of Routine Workers," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 86(5), pages 1198-1229, October.
    12. Graetz, Georg, 2020. "Technological change and the Swedish labor market," Working Paper Series 2020:19, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    13. Heyman, Fredrik & Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars, 2021. "Automation, Work and Productivity: The Role of Firm Heterogeneity," Working Paper Series 1382, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 09 Mar 2023.
    14. Hideki Nakamura & Joseph Zeira, 2024. "Automation and unemployment: help is on the way," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 29(2), pages 215-250, June.
    15. Yaroslav Yakymovych, 2025. "Consequences of job loss for routine workers," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 69(6), pages 3967-3992, December.

  6. Graetz, Georg & Karimi, Arizo, 2019. "Explaining gender gap variation across assessment forms," Working Paper Series 2019:8, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.

    Cited by:

    1. Graetz, Georg & Öckert, Björn & Nordström Skans, Oskar, 2020. "Family background and the responses to higher SAT scores," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 108461, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Graetz, Georg & Karimi, Arizo, 2022. "Gender gap variation across assessment types: Explanations and implications," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

  7. Georg Graetz, 2017. "Human Capital, Signaling, and Employer Learning. What Ingsights Do We Gain from Regression Discontinuity Designs," CESifo Working Paper Series 6757, CESifo.

    Cited by:

    1. Nick Huntington-Klein, 2021. "Human capital versus signaling is empirically unresolvable," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(5), pages 2499-2531, May.
    2. Ay, Jean-Sauveur & Le Gallo, Julie, 2021. "The Signaling Values of Nested Wine Names," Working Papers 321851, American Association of Wine Economists.

  8. Georg Graetz & Guy Michaels, 2017. "Is modern technology responsible for jobless recoveries?," CEP Discussion Papers dp1461, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Caselli, Mauro & Fracasso, Andrea & Traverso, Silvio, 2021. "Robots and risk of COVID-19 workplace contagion: Evidence from Italy," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    2. Lekfuangfu, Warn N. & Nakavachara, Voraprapa, 2021. "Reshaping Thailand's labor market: The intertwined forces of technology advancements and shifting supply chains," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    3. Wang, Jianlong & Wang, Weilong & Liu, Yong & Wu, Haitao, 2023. "Can industrial robots reduce carbon emissions? Based on the perspective of energy rebound effect and labor factor flow in China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    4. Auray, Stéphane & Eyquem, Aurélien, 2025. "On automation, labor reallocation and welfare," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    5. Sholler, Dan & MacInnes, Ian, 2022. "The economic impact of AI on employment and income disparities," 31st European Regional ITS Conference, Gothenburg 2022: Reining in Digital Platforms? Challenging monopolies, promoting competition and developing regulatory regimes 265669, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
    6. Haapanala, Henri & Marx, Ive & Parolin, Zachary, 2022. "Robots and Unions: The Moderating Effect of Organised Labour on Technological Unemployment," IZA Discussion Papers 15080, IZA Network @ LISER.
    7. Li, Xun & Hui, Eddie Chi-man & Lang, Wei & Zheng, Shali & Qin, Xiaozhen, 2020. "Transition from factor-driven to innovation-driven urbanization in China: A study of manufacturing industry automation in Dongguan City," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    8. Simon Walo, 2023. "The link between routine tasks and job polarization: A task measurement problem?," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 37(3), pages 437-467, September.
    9. Verdugo, Gregory & Allègre, Guillaume, 2020. "Labour force participation and job polarization: Evidence from Europe during the Great Recession," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    10. Lordan, Grace, 2019. "People versus Machines in the UK: Minimum Wages, Labor Reallocation and Automatable Jobs," IZA Discussion Papers 12716, IZA Network @ LISER.
    11. Xinjian Huang & Huiji Tong, 2024. "Integration of Informatization and Industrialization and Corporate Innovation: Empirical Evidence from China," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(4), pages 19019-19050, December.
    12. Wu, Xuehui & Wu, Zhong & Hu, Jun, 2022. "Global competitiveness analysis of industrial robot technology innovations market layout using visibility graph," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 603(C).
    13. Hideki Nakamura, 2024. "Can displaced workers have a fresh start?," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(1), pages 83-106, February.
    14. Pusateri, Nic, 2023. "Human capital heterogeneity of the unemployed and jobless recoveries," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    15. Santiago José Gahn, 2025. "Path dependence in the digital adoption process: a cross-section analysis of Italian firms with a special focus on the Apulia region," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 52(4), pages 967-987, December.
    16. Daniele Angelini, 2023. "Aging Population and Technology Adoption," Working Paper Series of the Department of Economics, University of Konstanz 2023-01, Department of Economics, University of Konstanz.
    17. Schott, Peter & Pierce, Justin, 2018. "New Perspectives on the Decline of US Manufacturing Employment," CEPR Discussion Papers 12839, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    18. Meredith M. Paker, 2020. "The Jobless Recovery After the 1980-1981 UK Recession," Oxford Economic and Social History Working Papers _182, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    19. Giuseppe CELI & Domenico VITI, 2018. "Land Use, Internal Mobility And External Immigration In Italy," Annals of Spiru Haret University, Economic Series, Universitatea Spiru Haret, vol. 18(3), pages 23-43.
    20. Anderton, Robert & Jarvis, Valerie & Labhard, Vincent & Morgan, Julian & Petroulakis, Filippos & Vivian, Lara, 2020. "Virtually everywhere? Digitalisation and the euro area and EU economies," Occasional Paper Series 244, European Central Bank.
    21. Petroulakis, Filippos, 2020. "Task content and job losses in the Great Lockdown," GLO Discussion Paper Series 702, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    22. Nuarpear Lekfuangfu & Voraprapa Nakavachara, 2020. "Reshaping Thailand's Labor Market Structure: The Unified Forces of Technology and Trade," PIER Discussion Papers 123, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research.
    23. Güven, Barış, 2024. "Has labor-saving technology accelerated? Evidence from industry-level data," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 442-456.
    24. Xiang Deng & Meng Guo & Yuyan Liu, 2023. "Digital economy development and the urban-rural income gap: Evidence from Chinese cities," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(2), pages 1-25, February.
    25. Francesco Carbonero & Sergio Scicchitano, 2025. "Labour and technology at the time of COVID-19: can artificial intelligence mitigate the need for proximity?," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 15(4), pages 1167-1203, December.
    26. Paker, Meredith M., 2023. "The jobless recovery after the 1980–1981 British recession," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    27. Qiu Huang & Yizhuo Guo & Silu Lin, 2025. "Can Data Elements Facilitate Common Prosperity for Urban Low-Income Residents? An Empirical Analysis Based on the 2014–2020 CFPS Survey in China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 180(2), pages 887-921, November.
    28. McGuinness, Seamus & Pouliakas, Konstantinos & Redmond, Paul, 2019. "Skills-Displacing Technological Change and Its Impact on Jobs: Challenging Technological Alarmism?," IZA Discussion Papers 12541, IZA Network @ LISER.
    29. Graetz, Georg & Michaels, Guy, 2017. "Is modern technology responsible for jobless recoveries?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 68914, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    30. Weller, Jürgen, 2020. "Technological change and employment in Latin America: opportunities and challenges," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    31. Enzo Valentini & Fabiano Compagnucci & Mauro Gallegati & Andrea Gentili, 2023. "Robotization, employment, and income: regional asymmetries and long-run policies in the Euro area," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 33(3), pages 737-771, July.
    32. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2024. "Trade Policy Space, Aid for Trade and, Intra-African and External African Manufactured Exports," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    33. Samer Adra & Elie Menassa, 2023. "Uncertainty and corporate investments in response to the Fed's dual shocks," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 58(3), pages 463-484, August.
    34. Qianqian Guo & Zhifang Su, 2023. "The Application of Industrial Robot and the High-Quality Development of Manufacturing Industry: From a Sustainability Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-26, August.
    35. Nakamura, Hideki, 2023. "Difficulties in finding middle-skilled jobs under increased automation," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 27(5), pages 1179-1201, July.
    36. Selda Gorkey & Asli Tasbasi, 2023. "Employment Intensity of Economic Growth in Southern Europe: Evidence from Multidimensional Panel Data," Croatian Economic Survey, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb, vol. 25(1), pages 5-32, June.
    37. Pietro Santoleri, 2019. "Innovation and job creation in (high-growth) new firms," LEM Papers Series 2019/31, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    38. Dauth, Wolfgang & Findeisen, Sebastian & Südekum, Jens & Wößner, Nicole, 2017. "German robots - the impact of industrial robots on workers," IAB-Discussion Paper 201730, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    39. Nir Jaimovich & Henry E. Siu, 2020. "Job Polarization and Jobless Recoveries," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 102(1), pages 129-147, March.
    40. Hideki Nakamura & Joseph Zeira, 2024. "Automation and unemployment: help is on the way," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 29(2), pages 215-250, June.
    41. Radeef Chundakkadan & Subash Sasidharan & Kausik Chaudhuri, 2025. "Automation, firm performance, and employment: Evidence from developing countries," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 35(5), pages 873-900, November.
    42. Graetz, Georg & Michaels, Guy, 2018. "Robots at work," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 87218, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    43. Wang, Di & Shao, Xuefeng, 2024. "Research on the impact of digital transformation on the production efficiency of manufacturing enterprises: Institution-based analysis of the threshold effect," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 883-897.
    44. Torrent-Sellens, Joan, 2024. "Digital transition, data-and-tasks crowd-based economy, and the shared social progress: Unveiling a new political economy from a European perspective," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    45. Qiu, Jiaping & Wan, Chi & Wang, Yan, 2024. "Labor-saving innovations and capital structure," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    46. Rohit Garimella & Òscar Jordà & Sanjay R. Singh, 2025. "A New Labor Market Stress Indicator," Working Paper Series 2025-31, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    47. Cloé Garnache & Elisabeth Isaksen & Maria Nareklishvili, 2025. "Labor Market Impacts of the Green Transition: Evidence from a Contraction in the Oil Industry," CESifo Working Paper Series 12057, CESifo.
    48. Camiña, Ester & Díaz-Chao, Ángel & Torrent-Sellens, Joan, 2020. "Automation technologies: Long-term effects for Spanish industrial firms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    49. Mitman, Kurt & Rabinovich, Stanislav, 2024. "Do unemployment benefit extensions explain the emergence of jobless recoveries?," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    50. Wang, Linhui & Wang, Hui & Cao, Zhanglu & He, Yongda & Dong, Zhiqing & Wang, Shixiang, 2022. "Can industrial intellectualization reduce carbon emissions? — Empirical evidence from the perspective of carbon total factor productivity in China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    51. Cui, Huijie & Liang, Shangkun & Xu, Canyu & Junli, Yu, 2024. "Robots and analyst forecast precision: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    52. Heijs, Joost & Arenas Díaz, Guillermo & Vergara Reyes, Delia Margarita, 2019. "Impact of innovation on employment in quantitative terms: review of empirical literature based on microdata," MPRA Paper 95326, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    53. Henri Haapanala & Ive Marx & Zachary Parolin, 2023. "Robots and unions: The moderating effect of organized labour on technological unemployment," Economic and Industrial Democracy, Department of Economic History, Uppsala University, Sweden, vol. 44(3), pages 827-852, August.
    54. Ndubuisi, Gideon & Avenyo, Elvis, 2018. "Estimating the effects of robotization on exports," MERIT Working Papers 2018-046, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    55. Françoise Delmez, 2019. "Jobless recoveries after financial crises (and the key role of the extensive margin of employment)," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2019015, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    56. Bernardus Doornik & Deniz Igan & Enisse Kharroubi, 2023. "Labour markets: what explains the resilience?," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    57. Karishma Banga, 2022. "Digital Technologies and Product Upgrading in Global Value Chains: Empirical Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Firms," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(1), pages 77-102, February.

  9. Georg Graetz & Guy Michaels, 2015. "Robots at Work," CEP Discussion Papers dp1335, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Caselli, Mauro & Fracasso, Andrea & Traverso, Silvio, 2021. "Robots and risk of COVID-19 workplace contagion: Evidence from Italy," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    2. Lekfuangfu, Warn N. & Nakavachara, Voraprapa, 2021. "Reshaping Thailand's labor market: The intertwined forces of technology advancements and shifting supply chains," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    3. Timothy Bates & William D. Bradford & Robert Seamans, 2018. "Minority entrepreneurship in twenty-first century America," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 415-427, March.
    4. Ariell Reshef & Gianluca Santoni, 2022. "Are Your Labor Shares Set in Beijing ? The View through the Lens of Global Value Chains," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-04083452, HAL.
    5. Arvai Kai & Mann Katja, 2022. "Consumption Inequality in the Digital Age," Working papers 890, Banque de France.
    6. Georgios Petropoulos & David Pichler & Francesco Chiacchio, 2018. "The impact of industrial robots on EU employment and wages- A local labour market approach," Bruegel Working Papers 25186, Bruegel.
    7. Orsatti, Gianluca & Quatraro, Francesco, 2020. "Local Labor Market Impacts of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies: Evidence from European Nuts-3 Regions," Department of Economics and Statistics Cognetti de Martiis. Working Papers 202026, University of Turin.
    8. Naude, Wim & Nagler, Paula, 2015. "Industrialisation, Innovation, Inclusion," MERIT Working Papers 2015-043, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    9. Filippo Belloc & Gabriel Burdin & Fabio Landini, 2023. "Advanced Technologies and Worker Voice," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(357), pages 1-38, January.
    10. Dominique MÉDA, 2019. "Three scenarios for the future of work," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 158(4), pages 627-652, December.
    11. Casas, Pablo & Torres, José L., 2022. "Government size and automation," MPRA Paper 115271, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Naudé, Wim, 2017. "Entrepreneurship, Education and the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Africa," IZA Discussion Papers 10855, IZA Network @ LISER.
    13. Giovanni Dosi & Marcelo C. Pereira & Andrea Roventini & Maria Enrica Virgillito, 2021. "Technological paradigms, labour creation and destruction in a multi-sector agent-based model," LEM Papers Series 2021/17, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    14. Genz, Sabrina & Bellmann, Lutz & Matthes, Britta, 2018. "Do German Works Councils Counter or Foster the Implementation of Digital Technologies?," IZA Discussion Papers 11616, IZA Network @ LISER.
    15. Manav Raj & Robert Seamans, 2018. "Artificial Intelligence, Labor, Productivity, and the Need for Firm-Level Data," NBER Chapters, in: The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda, pages 553-565, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Gilbert Cette & Aurélien Devillard & Vincenzo Spiezia, 2021. "The contribution of robots to productivity growth in 30 OECD countries over 1975–2019," Post-Print hal-03140435, HAL.
    17. Abeliansky, Ana Lucia & Beulmann, Matthias, 2019. "Are they coming for us? Industrial robots and the mental health of workers," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 379, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    18. Domini, Giacomo & Grazzi, Marco & Moschella, Daniele & Treibich, Tania, 2021. "Threats and opportunities in the digital era: Automation spikes and employment dynamics," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(7).
    19. Natalie Leesakul & Anne-Marie Oostveen & Iveta Eimontaite & Max L. Wilson & Richard Hyde, 2022. "Workplace 4.0: Exploring the Implications of Technology Adoption in Digital Manufacturing on a Sustainable Workforce," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-24, March.
    20. Abeliansky, Ana Lucia & Prettner, Klaus, 2020. "Automation and Demographic Change," GLO Discussion Paper Series 518, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    21. Ilona Pavlenkova & Luca Alfieri & Jaan Masso, 2021. "Effects Of Automation On The Gender Pay Gap: The Case Of Estonia," University of Tartu - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Working Paper Series 131, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Tartu (Estonia).
    22. Loebbing, Jonas, 2018. "An Elementary Theory of Endogenous Technical Change and Wage Inequality," VfS Annual Conference 2018 (Freiburg, Breisgau): Digital Economy 181603, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    23. Agnieszka Piasna & Jan Drahokoupil, 2017. "Gender inequalities in the new world of work," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 23(3), pages 313-332, August.
    24. Luca Eduardo Fierro & Alessandro Caiani & Alberto Russo, 2021. "Automation, job polarisation, and structural change," Working Papers 2021/09, Economics Department, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón (Spain).
    25. Herbert Dawid & Michael Neugart, 2023. "Effects of technological change and automation on industry structure and (wage-)inequality: insights from a dynamic task-based model," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 33(1), pages 35-63, January.
    26. Ana Lucia Abeliansky & Klaus Prettner, 2021. "Population growth and automation density: theory and cross-country evidence," Department of Economics Working Papers wuwp315, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics.
    27. Daron Acemoglu & Pascual Restrepo, 2018. "Artificial Intelligence, Automation and Work," Boston University - Department of Economics - The Institute for Economic Development Working Papers Series dp-298, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    28. Savin, Ivan & Ott, Ingrid & Konop, Chris, 2022. "Tracing the evolution of service robotics: Insights from a topic modeling approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    29. Xianpu Xu & Yuchen Song, 2023. "Is There a Conflict between Automation and Environment? Implications of Artificial Intelligence for Carbon Emissions in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-22, August.
    30. Süssmuth, Bernd & Irmen, Andreas & Heer, Burkhard, 2020. "Taxation, Automation Capital, and the Functional Income Distribution," VfS Annual Conference 2020 (Virtual Conference): Gender Economics 224572, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    31. Shi, Zheng, 2023. "The impact of regional ICT development on job quality of the employee in China," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(6).
    32. Aili Zhang & Xinyu Sun, 2022. "Analysis on the Next Generation of Artificial Intelligence Development Plan and Digital Financial Inclusion: Evidence from China," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 12(6), pages 1-1.
    33. Tommaso Ciarli & Alberto Marzucchi & Edgar Salgado & Maria Savona, 2018. "The Effect of R&D Growth on Employment and Self-Employment in Local Labour Markets," SPRU Working Paper Series 2018-08, SPRU - Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex Business School.
    34. Giorgio Presidente, 2019. "Institutions, Holdup and Automation," CESifo Working Paper Series 7834, CESifo.
    35. Matteo Sostero, 2020. "Automation and Robots in Services: Review of Data and Taxonomy," JRC Working Papers on Labour, Education and Technology 2020-14, Joint Research Centre.
    36. Wang, En-Ze & Lee, Chien-Chiang & Li, Yaya, 2022. "Assessing the impact of industrial robots on manufacturing energy intensity in 38 countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    37. Huzhou Zhu & Bin Sang & Chunyuan Zhang & Lin Guo, 2023. "Have Industrial Robots Improved Pollution Reduction? A Theoretical Approach and Empirical Analysis," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 31(4), pages 153-172, July.
    38. Jakub Growiec, 2020. "Automation, Partial and Full," KAE Working Papers 2020-048, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis.
    39. Wolfgang Keller & Hale Utar, 2016. "International Trade and Job Polarization: Evidence at the Worker Level," CESifo Working Paper Series 5978, CESifo.
    40. Michelle Alexopoulos and Jon Cohen, 2018. "Canadian Productivity Growth, Secular Stagnation, and Technological Change," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 35, pages 113-137, Fall.
    41. Peter Mayerhofer, 2022. "Vorarlbergs Wirtschaft im europäischen Konkurrenzumfeld. Bericht zur internationalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit 2022," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 69424.
    42. Ryosuke Shimizu & Shohei Momoda, 2021. "Does Automation Technology increase Wage?," Discussion papers ron343, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan.
    43. Siyan Chen & Saul Desiderio, 2023. "An agent-based framework for the analysis of the macroeconomic effects of population aging," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 33(2), pages 393-427, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. T.Huw Edwards & Carlo Perroni, 2014. "Market Integration, Wage Concentration, and the Cost and Volume of Traded Machines," Discussion Paper Series 2014_08, Department of Economics, Loughborough University, revised Sep 2014.
    2. Orlando Gomes, 2025. "The Human Capital — Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis and Economic Growth," De Economist, Springer, vol. 173(2), pages 331-365, July.
    3. Tschirley, David & Reardon, Thomas, 2016. "Impact on Employment and Migration of Structural and Rural Transformation," Food Security International Development Working Papers 245895, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
    4. Gersbach, Hans & Schmassmann, Samuel, 2019. "Skills, Tasks, and Complexity," IZA Discussion Papers 12770, IZA Network @ LISER.
    5. Lee, Seungil & Park, Jungsoo, 2026. "Impact of digital transformation technology adoption on worker wages," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(2).
    6. Graetz, Georg & Michaels, Guy, 2015. "Robots at Work," IZA Discussion Papers 8938, IZA Network @ LISER.
    7. Wan-Jung Cheng, 2017. "Explaining Job Polarization: The Role of Heterogeneity in Capital Intensity," IEAS Working Paper : academic research 17-A015, Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, revised Feb 2018.
    8. Föll, Tobias & Hartmann, Anna, 2019. "A Joint Theory of Polarization and Deunionization," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy 203558, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    9. Liu, Shasha & Wu, Yuhuan & Kong, Gaowen, 2024. "Politics and Robots," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    10. Zsofia Barany & Christian Siegel, 2015. "Job Polarization and Structural Change," Working Papers hal-03459777, HAL.
    11. M Gomez, 2021. "Job Polarization and the Informal Labor Market," Documentos de trabajo - Alianza EFI 19418, Alianza EFI.
    12. Böhm, Michael, 2014. "The Wage Effects of Job Polarization: Evidence from the Allocation of Talents," VfS Annual Conference 2014 (Hamburg): Evidence-based Economic Policy 100547, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    13. Daron Acemoglu & Pascual Restrepo, 2017. "Low-Skill and High-Skill Automation," NBER Working Papers 24119, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Olexandr Yemelyanov & Anastasiya Symak & Tetyana Petrushka & Roman Lesyk & Lilia Lesyk, 2018. "Assessment of the Technological Changes Impact on the Sustainability of State Security System of Ukraine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-24, April.
    15. Gustavsson, Magnus, 2017. "Is Job Polarization a Recent Phenomenon? Evidence from Sweden, 1950–2013, and a Comparison to the United States," Working Paper Series 2017:14, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    16. Charles M. Beach, 2016. "Changing income inequality: A distributional paradigm for Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(4), pages 1229-1292, November.

  11. Andy Feng & Georg Graetz, 2013. "A Question of Degree: The Effects of Degree Class on Labor Market Outcomes," CEP Discussion Papers dp1221, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Judith M. Delaney & Paul J. Devereux, 2020. "How Gender and Prior Disadvantage predict Performance in College," Working Papers 202015, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    2. Gill Wyness & Lindsey Macmillan & Jake Anders, 2021. "Does education raise people's productivity or does it just signal their existing ability?," CEPEO Briefing Note Series 12, UCL Centre for Education Policy and Equalising Opportunities, revised Apr 2021.
    3. Granato, Silvia & Havari, Enkelejda & Mazzarella, Gianluca & Schnepf, Sylke V., 2024. "Study abroad programmes and student outcomes: Evidence from Erasmus," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    4. Georg Graetz, 2023. "Imperfect Signals," CESifo Working Paper Series 10403, CESifo.
    5. Robin Naylor & Jeremy Smith & Shqiponja Telhaj, 2015. "Graduate Returns, Degree Class Premia and Higher Education Expansion in the UK," CEP Discussion Papers dp1392, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    6. Khoo, Pauline & Ost, Ben, 2018. "The effect of graduating with honors on earnings," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 149-162.
    7. Stephen Machin & Sandra McNally & Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela, 2018. "Entry through the narrow door: the costs of just failing high stakes exams," CVER Research Papers 014, Centre for Vocational Education Research.
    8. Kara, Elif & Tonin, Mirco & Vlassopoulos, Michael, 2021. "Class size effects in higher education: Differences across STEM and non-STEM fields," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    9. Costas-Fernández, Julián & Morando, Greta & Holford, Angus, 2023. "The effect of foreign students in higher education on native students’ outcomes," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    10. Delaney, Judith M. & Devereux, Paul J., 2020. "Math matters! The importance of mathematical and verbal skills for degree performance," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    11. Schoner, Florian & Mergele, Lukas & Zierow, Larissa, 2024. "Grading student behavior," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    12. Gaurab Aryal & Manudeep Bhuller & Fabian Lange, 2021. "Signaling and Employer Learning with Instruments," Papers 2103.04123, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2021.
    13. Richard Murphy & Gill Wyness, 2016. "Testing Means-Tested Aid," CESifo Working Paper Series 6105, CESifo.
    14. Steven Proud, 2014. "Resits in Higher Education: Merely a Bar to Jump Over, or Do They Give a Pedagogical `Leg Up’?," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 14/645, School of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
    15. Atay, Salim & Asik, Gunes & Tumen, Semih, 2023. "Impact of Graduating with Honors on Entry Wages of Economics Majors," IZA Discussion Papers 16080, IZA Network @ LISER.
    16. Stijn Baert & Dieter Verhaest, 2021. "Work Hard or Play Hard? Degree Class, Student Leadership and Employment Opportunities," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 83(4), pages 1024-1047, August.
    17. Petri Böckerman & Mika Haapanen & Christopher Jepsen & Hannu Karhunen, 2026. "Graded for Life? Long-Run Impacts of High-Stakes Exam Thresholds," CESifo Working Paper Series 12532, CESifo.
    18. Thanos Mergoupis & Robertas Zubrickas, 2024. "Work experience, information revelation, and study effort," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 76(2), pages 495-513.
    19. Claire Crawford, 2014. "Socio-economic differences in university outcomes in the UK: drop-out, degree completion and degree class," IFS Working Papers W14/31, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    20. Booth, Alison L. & Cardona-Sosa, Lina & Nolen, Patrick, 2018. "Do single-sex classes affect academic achievement? An experiment in a coeducational university," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 109-126.
    21. Georg Graetz, 2021. "On the interpretation of diploma wage effects estimated by regression discontinuity designs," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(1), pages 228-258, February.
    22. Stankov, Petar, 2024. "The death of exams? Grade inflation and student satisfaction when coursework replaces exams," International Review of Economics Education, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).
    23. Ghazala Azmat & Jack Britton, 2024. "Labour Market Returns to Higher Education," Post-Print hal-04709561, HAL.
    24. Astruc--Le Souder, Mael & Bargain, Olivier & Locks, Gedeao, 2026. "A Question of Honor? The Labor Market Advantage of Academic Signaling," IZA Discussion Papers 18567, IZA Network @ LISER.
    25. Claire Crawford & Anna Vignoles, 2014. "Heterogeneity in graduate earnings by socio-economic background," IFS Working Papers W14/30, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    26. Simon Amez & Stijn Baert, 2021. "Bye, bye, Hotel Mama, bye, bye good grades? Living in a student room and exam results in tertiary education," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 21/1018, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    27. Lundin, Martin & Nordström Skans, Oskar & Zetterberg, Pär, 2016. "Leadership experiences, labor market entry, and early career trajectories," Working Paper Series 2016:2, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    28. Agasisti, Tommaso & Bratti, Massimiliano & Minaya, Veronica, 2021. "When Need Meets Merit: The Effect of Increasing Merit Requirements in Need-Based Student Aid," IZA Discussion Papers 14423, IZA Network @ LISER.
    29. Lane, Tom & Zhou, Minghai, 2025. "Voluntary quality disclosure in the Labour market," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    30. Boto-García, David & Escalonilla, Marta, 2024. "Grade point averages versus experience," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    31. Georg Graetz, 2017. "Human Capital, Signaling, and Employer Learning. What Ingsights Do We Gain from Regression Discontinuity Designs," CESifo Working Paper Series 6757, CESifo.
    32. Naven, Matthew & Whalen, Daniel, 2022. "The signaling value of university rankings: Evidence from top 14 law schools," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    33. Freier, Ronny & Schumann, Mathias & Siedler, Thomas, 2015. "The earnings returns to graduating with honors — Evidence from law graduates," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 39-50.
    34. Tom Lane & Minghai Zhou, 2022. "Failure of unravelling theory? A natural field experiment on voluntary quality disclosure," Discussion Papers 2022-17, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.

Articles

  1. Per-Anders Edin & Tiernan Evans & Georg Graetz & Sofia Hernnäs & Guy Michaels, 2023. "Individual Consequences of Occupational Decline," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 133(654), pages 2178-2209.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  2. Graetz, Georg & Karimi, Arizo, 2022. "Gender gap variation across assessment types: Explanations and implications," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

    Cited by:

    1. Sirui Li & Philip Verwimp, 2024. "Standardized Testing for College Entrance: Evidence from a Major Examination Reform in China," Working Papers ECARES 2024-17, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    2. Oliver Cassagneau-Francis & Lindsey Macmillan & Richard Murphy & Gill Wyness, 2026. "Measuring systematic gaps in teacher judgement: A new approach," CEP Discussion Papers dp2178, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    3. Oliver Cassagneau-Francis & Lindsey Macmillan & Richard Murphy & Gill Wyness, 2025. "Measuring systematic gaps in teacher judgement: A new approach," CEPEO Working Paper Series 25-12, UCL Centre for Education Policy and Equalising Opportunities, revised Oct 2025.
    4. Japneer Kaur, 2025. "Boys at risk of academic decline? Evidence from a longitudinal study," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2025-016, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    5. Marisa Bucheli & Florencia Amábile & Carmen Estrades, 2024. "Gender differences in teachers' assessments and blind test results – evidence from Uruguay," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0324, Department of Economics - dECON.

  3. Georg Graetz, 2021. "On the interpretation of diploma wage effects estimated by regression discontinuity designs," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(1), pages 228-258, February.

    Cited by:

    1. Georg Graetz, 2023. "Imperfect Signals," CESifo Working Paper Series 10403, CESifo.
    2. Mahmut Ablay & Fabian Lange, 2023. "Approaches to learn about employer learning," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(2), pages 343-356, May.
    3. Atay, Salim & Asik, Gunes & Tumen, Semih, 2023. "Impact of Graduating with Honors on Entry Wages of Economics Majors," IZA Discussion Papers 16080, IZA Network @ LISER.
    4. Matias Busso & Sebastián Montaño & Juan Muñoz-Morales, 2025. "Signaling Specific Skills and the Labor Market of College Graduates," Post-Print hal-05490569, HAL.
    5. Jens Forderer & Gordon Burtch, 2025. "Estimating Career Benefits from Online Community Leadership: Evidence from Stack Exchange Moderators," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(3), pages 2443-2466, March.
    6. Astruc--Le Souder, Mael & Bargain, Olivier & Locks, Gedeao, 2026. "A Question of Honor? The Labor Market Advantage of Academic Signaling," IZA Discussion Papers 18567, IZA Network @ LISER.
    7. Ilse Tobback & Dieter Verhaest & Stijn Baert, 2024. "Internships, Hiring Outcomes and Underlying Mechanisms: A Stated Preferences Experiment," De Economist, Springer, vol. 172(1), pages 25-48, March.

  4. Andy Feng & Georg Graetz, 2020. "Training Requirements, Automation, and Job Polarisation," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 130(631), pages 2249-2271.

    Cited by:

    1. Daron Acemoglu & Fredric Kong & Pascual Restrepo, 2025. "Tasks At Work: Comparative Advantage, Technology and Labor Demand," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 2535, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin).
    2. Muehlemann, Samuel, 2025. "Artificial intelligence adoption and workplace training," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    3. Hensvik, Lena & Skans, Oskar Nordström, 2023. "The skill-specific impact of past and projected occupational decline," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    4. Mauro Caselli & Edwin Fourrier-Nicolai & Andrea Fracasso & Sergio Scicchitano, 2024. "Digital Technologies and Firms’ Employment and Training," CESifo Working Paper Series 11056, CESifo.
    5. Derick Almeida & Tiago Neves Sequeira, 2023. "Fertility choices, Demographics and Automation," CeBER Working Papers 2023-05, Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra.
    6. Brunello, Giorgio & Rückert, Désirée & Weiss, Christoph & Wruuck, Patricia, 2023. "Advanced digital technologies and investment in employee training: Complements or substitutes?," EIB Working Papers 2023/01, European Investment Bank (EIB).
    7. Oscar Afonso & Tiago Sequeira & Derick Almeida, 2023. "Technological knowledge and wages: from skill premium to wage polarization," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 140(2), pages 93-119, October.
    8. Samuel Muehlemann, 2024. "AI Adoption and Workplace Training," Economics of Education Working Paper Series 0232, University of Zurich, Department of Business Administration (IBW).
    9. Giorgio Brunello & Désirée Rückert & Christoph T. Weiss & Patricia Wruuck, 2024. "Advanced Digital Technologies and Investment in Employee Training," "Marco Fanno" Working Papers 0315, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche "Marco Fanno".
    10. Uwe Blien & Oliver Ludewig & Anja Rossen, 2023. "Contradictory effects of technological change across developed countries," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 580-608, May.

  5. Georg Graetz & Guy Michaels, 2018. "Robots at Work," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 100(5), pages 753-768, December.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  6. Georg Graetz & Guy Michaels, 2017. "Is Modern Technology Responsible for Jobless Recoveries?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 107(5), pages 168-173, May.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  7. Feng, Andy & Graetz, Georg, 2017. "A question of degree: The effects of degree class on labor market outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 140-161.
    See citations under working paper version above.
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