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Ingolf Dittmann

Citations

Many of the citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc, where a more detailed citation analysis can be found. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. See under "Corrections" how you can help improve the citation analysis.

Working papers

  1. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu, 2009. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 09-076/2, Tinbergen Institute.

    Cited by:

    1. Kang, Chang-Mo & Kim, Donghyun, 2022. "Risk management transparency and compensation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    2. Alex Edmans & Xavier Gabaix, 2010. "Risk and the CEO Market: Why Do Some Large Firms Hire Highly-Paid, Low-Talent CEOs?," NBER Working Papers 15987, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Al Dah, Bilal & Dah, Mustafa A. & Stathopoulos, Konstantinos, 2026. "Rookie directors and board efficacy," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    4. Chesney, Marc & Stromberg, Jacob & Wagner, Alexander F. & Wolff, Vincent, 2020. "Managerial incentives to take asset risk," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    5. Gabaix, Xavier & Sannikov, Yuliy & Edmans, Alex & Sadzik, Tomasz, 2009. "Dynamic Incentive Accounts," CEPR Discussion Papers 7497, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    6. Wu, Duowen & Zhang, Xueying & Zhang, Ge & Han, Liangliang, 2025. "Management equity incentives and bond credit spread: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    7. Yin, Chao & Liu, Peibiao, 2025. "Executive compensation incentives, consumer green preferences, and corporate risk," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 86(PG).
    8. Liu, Xinyu & Gao, Shuanping & Tong, Lijing & Li, Jiyuan, 2025. "Multiple large shareholders and pay-performance sensitivity: Evidence from China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PA).
    9. Liljeblom, Eva & Pasternack, Daniel & Rosenberg, Matts, 2011. "What determines stock option contract design?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 293-316.
    10. Pierre Chaigneau, 2012. "The Effect of Risk Preferences on the Valuation and Incentives of Compensation Contracts," Cahiers de recherche 1209, CIRPEE.
    11. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2013. "Explaining the structure of CEO incentive pay with decreasing relative risk aversion," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 4-23.
    12. Hai Van Le & Dulce Lopez Cruz, 2024. "CEO compensation and risk taking: S&P 1500 firms," Business Economics, Palgrave Macmillan;National Association for Business Economics, vol. 59(4), pages 235-242, October.
    13. Koharki, Kevin & Watson, Luke, 2025. "Risk-taking incentives and firm credit risk11The authors thank Kristine W. Hankins (editor), the anonymous associate editor and two anonymous reviewers, workshop participants at Lehigh University, Northwestern University, Southern Methodist Universit," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    14. Karpavičius, Sigitas & Yu, Fan, 2018. "The impact of dividend-protected CEO equity incentives on firm value and risk," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 16-24.
    15. Dunbar, Craig & Li, Zhichuan (Frank) & Shi, Yaqi, 2020. "CEO risk-taking incentives and corporate social responsibility," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    16. Weixiu Li & Bo Li, 2023. "Intellectual Property Pledge Financing and Enterprise Innovation: Based on the Perspective of Signal Incentive," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, July.
    17. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Spalt, Oliver, 2007. "Sticks or carrots? Optimal CEO compensation when managers are loss averse," Papers 07-36, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    18. Humphery-Jenner, Mark & Islam, Emdad & Nanda, Vikram & Rahman, Lubna, 2025. "Incentive contracting in the shadow of litigation risk: Evidence from universal demand laws," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    19. Peter Slade & Tor Tolhurst, 2019. "Job Security and Risk‐Taking: Theory and Evidence From Professional Football," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 85(3), pages 899-918, January.
    20. Islam, Emdad & Rahman, Lubna, 2023. "Shades of grey: Risk-related agency conflicts and corporate innovation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    21. Zu, Yafei & Ma, Chenmin & Sun, Qian, 2025. "Executive compensation stickiness, social trust and enterprise innovation," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(3).
    22. Harris, Oneil & Glegg, Charmaine & Buckley, Winston, 2019. "Do co-opted boards enhance or reduce R&D productivity?," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    23. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2013. "Risk-shifting and the regulation of bank CEOs’ compensation," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 9(4), pages 778-789.
    24. Alex Edmans & Xavier Gabaix, 2016. "Executive Compensation: A Modern Primer," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 54(4), pages 1232-1287, December.
    25. Bloomfield, Matthew J., 2021. "Compensation disclosures and strategic commitment: Evidence from revenue-based pay," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 620-643.
    26. Chakraborti, Rajdeep & Dahiya, Sandeep & Ge, Lei & Gete, Pedro, 2024. "A model of managerial compensation, firm leverage and credit stimulus," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    27. Pierre Chaigneau, 2012. "The Optimal Timing of CEO Compensation," Cahiers de recherche 1207, CIRPEE.

  2. Dittmann, Ingolf & Kübler, Dorothea & Maug, Ernst & Mechtenberg, Lydia, 2007. "Why votes have a value," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2007-068, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.

    Cited by:

    1. Adam Dominiak & Wendelin Schnedler, 2011. "Attitudes toward uncertainty and randomization: an experimental study," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 48(2), pages 289-312, October.
    2. Emir Kamenica & Louisa Egan Brad, 2014. "Voters, dictators, and peons: expressive voting and pivotality," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 159(1), pages 159-176, April.
    3. Bortolon, Patrícia M. & Câmara Leal, Ricardo P., 2014. "Dual-class unifications and corporate governance in Brazil," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 89-108.
    4. Jan Schnellenbach & Christian Schubert, 2014. "Behavioral Political Economy: A Survey," CESifo Working Paper Series 4988, CESifo.
    5. Schnedler, Wendelin & Dominiak, Adam, 2008. "Uncertainty aversion and preference for randomization," Papers 08-39, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    6. Schnellenbach, Jan & Schubert, Christian, 2014. "Behavioral public choice: A survey," Freiburg Discussion Papers on Constitutional Economics 14/03, Walter Eucken Institut e.V..
    7. Jason A. Aimone & Luigi Butera & Thomas Stratmann, 2014. "Altruistic Punishment in Elections," CESifo Working Paper Series 4945, CESifo.

  3. Maug, Ernst & Dittmann, Ingolf, 2007. "Lower salaries and no options : the optimal structure of executive pay [Lower salaries and no options? On the optimal structure of executive pay]," Papers 07-41, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.

    Cited by:

    1. Chaigneau, Pierre & Edmans, Alex & Gottlieb, Daniel, 2022. "How should performance signals affect contracts?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 109005, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Pagano, Marco & Immordino, Giovanni, 2008. "Corporate Fraud, Governance and Auditing," CEPR Discussion Papers 7104, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    3. Baomin Dong & Guixia Guo & Frank Yong Wang, 2013. "Dynamic Moral Hazard and Executive Stock Options," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(2), pages 259-279, May.
    4. Tian, Yisong S., 2013. "Ironing out the kinks in executive compensation: Linking incentive pay to average stock prices," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 415-432.
    5. Alex Edmans & Xavier Gabaix, 2010. "Risk and the CEO Market: Why Do Some Large Firms Hire Highly-Paid, Low-Talent CEOs?," NBER Working Papers 15987, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Alexandre Di Giacomo & Pascal Alphonse, 2014. "Incitants Financiers Du Dirigeant Et Niveau D'Endettement Optimal," Post-Print hal-01899182, HAL.
    7. Sautner, Zacharias & Weber, Martin, 2005. "Corporate Governance and the Design of Stock Option Programs," Sonderforschungsbereich 504 Publications 05-32, Sonderforschungsbereich 504, Universität Mannheim;Sonderforschungsbereich 504, University of Mannheim.
    8. Gabaix, Xavier & Sannikov, Yuliy & Edmans, Alex & Sadzik, Tomasz, 2009. "Dynamic Incentive Accounts," CEPR Discussion Papers 7497, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    9. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu & Dan Zhang, 2017. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(5), pages 1805-1846.
    10. Stephen Terry & Anastasia Zakolyukina & Toni Whited, 2018. "Information Distortion, R&D, and Growth," 2018 Meeting Papers 217, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    11. Panagiotis Andrikopoulos & Nick Webber, 2019. "Understanding time-inconsistent heterogeneous preferences in economics and finance: a practice theory approach," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 282(1), pages 3-26, November.
    12. Chaigneau, Pierre & Sahuguet, Nicolas & Sinclair-Desgagné, Bernard, 2017. "Prudence and the convexity of compensation contracts," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 14-16.
    13. Zacharias Sautner & Martin Weber, 2009. "How Do Managers Behave In Stock Option Plans? Clinical Evidence From Exercise And Survey Data," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 32(2), pages 123-155, June.
    14. Julia Grant & Garen Markarian & Antonio Parbonetti, 2009. "CEO Risk†Related Incentives and Income Smoothing," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(4), pages 1029-1065, December.
    15. Nie, George Y., 2024. "The Missing Dimension of Risk: Evidence from Inside Debt Maturity and Acquisition Choices," SocArXiv jd3c2, Center for Open Science.
    16. Feng Gao & Zhiguo He & Bin Wei & Jianfeng Yu, 2016. "Optimal Long-Term Contracting with Learning," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2016-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    17. Merz, Alexander, 2017. "What have we learned from SFAS 123r and IFRS 2? A review of existing evidence and future research suggestions," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 14-33.
    18. Itza Tlaloc Quetzalcoatl Curiel-Cabral & Sonia Giannatale & Giselle Labrador-Badía, 2024. "Risk Aversion, Reservation Utility and Bargaining Power: An Evolutionary Algorithm Approximation of Incentive Contracts," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 63(2), pages 477-511, February.
    19. Alex Edmans & Xavier Gabaix & Augustin Landier, 2007. "A Calibratable Model of Optimal CEO Incentives in Market Equilibrium," NBER Working Papers 13372, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Block, Jörn Hendrich, 2008. "Are CEOs in family firms paid like bureaucrats? Evidence from Bayesian and frequentist analyses," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2008-033, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.
    21. O'Connor, Matthew L. & Rafferty, Matthew, 2010. "Incentive effects of executive compensation and the valuation of firm assets," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 431-442, September.
    22. Marc Chesney & Rajna Gibson, 2008. "Stock options and managers’ incentives to cheat," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 41-59, March.
    23. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2010. "Aversion to the variability of pay and optimal incentive contracts," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119086, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    24. Oliver Levine & Brent Glover, 2014. "Idiosyncratic Risk and the Manager," 2014 Meeting Papers 736, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    25. Bo Hu, 2025. "A Job Ladder Model of Executive Compensation," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 55, January.
    26. Qi Liu & Lei Lu & Bo Sun, 2017. "Incentive Contracting Under Ambiguity Aversion," International Finance Discussion Papers 1195, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    27. Steffen Brenner, 2015. "The Risk Preferences of U.S. Executives," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(6), pages 1344-1361, June.
    28. Page, T. Beau, 2018. "CEO attributes, compensation, and firm value: Evidence from a structural estimation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 378-401.
    29. Pierre Chaigneau, 2012. "The Effect of Risk Preferences on the Valuation and Incentives of Compensation Contracts," Cahiers de recherche 1209, CIRPEE.
    30. Nie, George Y., 2023. "The Missing Dimension of Risk: Evidence from Inside Debt Maturity and Acquisition Choices," SocArXiv f6nsm_v1, Center for Open Science.
    31. Ruiz-Verdú, Pablo & Singh, Ravi, 2014. "Board Independence, CEO Pay, and Camouflaged Compensation," DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB wb140704, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa.
    32. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2012. "The effect of risk preferences on the valuation and incentives of compensation contracts," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119055, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    33. Xin Qu & Daifei Yao & Majella Percy, 2020. "How the Design of CEO Equity-Based Compensation can Lead to Lower Audit Fees: Evidence from Australia," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 163(2), pages 281-308, May.
    34. Óscar Gutiérrez & Vicente Salas-Fumás, 2014. "Options in Agency with Binary Uncertainty," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 82(2), pages 218-236, March.
    35. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2013. "Explaining the structure of CEO incentive pay with decreasing relative risk aversion," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 4-23.
    36. Bushman, Robert M. & Davidson, Robert H. & Dey, Aiyesha & Smith, Abbie, 2018. "Bank CEO materialism: Risk controls, culture and tail risk," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 191-220.
    37. Inderst, Roman & Mueller, Holger, 2006. "CEO Compensation and Strategy Inertia," CEPR Discussion Papers 5713, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    38. Qiang Kang & Qiao Liu, 2010. "Information-Based Stock Trading, Executive Incentives, and the Principal-Agent Problem," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 56(4), pages 682-698, April.
    39. Cheng-Few Lee & Chengru Hu & Maggie Foley, 2021. "Differential risk effect of inside debt, CEO compensation diversification, and firm investment," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 505-543, February.
    40. Canil, Jean, 2017. "Non-dividend protected executive options and dividend policy: Evidence from SFAS 123R," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 15-33.
    41. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Zhang, Dan, 2011. "Restricting CEO pay," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 1200-1220, September.
    42. Volker Laux, 2015. "Executive Pay, Innovation, and Risk‐Taking," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 275-305, June.
    43. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Employee Stock Options Incentive Effects: A Cpt-Based Model," Working Papers halshs-00618477, HAL.
    44. Christopher Armstrong & David Larcker & Che-Lin Su, 2007. "Stock Options and Chief Executive Compensation," Discussion Papers 1447, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science.
    45. Edmans, Alex & Gabaix, Xavier, 2016. "Executive Compensation: A Modern Primer," Scholarly Articles 34651704, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    46. Wu, Yan Wendy, 2011. "Optimal executive compensation: Stock options or restricted stocks," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 633-644, October.
    47. Ingolf Dittmann, 2010. "Discussion of “Are CEOs compensated for value destroying growth in earnings?”," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 578-583, September.
    48. Te Bao & Edward Halim & Charles N. Noussair & Yohanes E. Riyanto, 2021. "Managerial incentives and stock price dynamics: an experimental approach," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 24(2), pages 617-648, June.
    49. Chaigneau, Pierre & Sahuguet, Nicolas, 2013. "The effect of monitoring on CEO pay practices in a matching equilibrium," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 55405, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    50. Ilchechen Coelho, Giselle Cilaine & Fontes Filho, Joaquim Rubens & Buchbinder, Felipe, 2019. "Effects of the Corporate Governance Practices on the Executive Compensation," 7th International OFEL Conference on Governance, Management and Entrepreneurship: Embracing Diversity in Organisations (Dubrovnik, 2019), in: 7th International OFEL Conference on Governance, Management and Entrepreneurship: Embracing Diversity in Organisations. April 5th - 6th, 2019, Dubrovn, pages 41-58, Governance Research and Development Centre (CIRU), Zagreb.
    51. Tang, Chun-Hua, 2016. "Impacts of future compensation on the incentive effects of existing executive stock options," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 273-285.
    52. Sascha Desmettre & John Gould & Alexander Szimayer, 2010. "Own-company stockholding and work effort preferences of an unconstrained executive," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 72(3), pages 347-378, December.
    53. Hori, Keiichi & Osano, Hiroshi, 2014. "Investment timing decisions of managers under endogenous contracts," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 607-627.
    54. Pierre Chaigneau, 2012. "On the Value of Improved Informativeness," Cahiers de recherche 1205, CIRPEE.
    55. Gutiérrez Arnaiz, Óscar & Salas-Fumás, Vicente, 2008. "Performance standards and optimal incentives," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 139-152, March.
    56. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Incentives from stock option grants: a behavioral approach," Post-Print halshs-00681607, HAL.
    57. Zhiguo He & Si Li & Bin Wei & Jianfeng Yu, 2013. "Uncertainty, risk, and incentives: theory and evidence," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2013-18, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    58. Elif Sisli Ciamarra & Tanseli Savaser, 2015. "Managerial Performance Incentives and Firm Risk during Economic Expansions and Recessions," Working Papers 93, Brandeis University, Department of Economics and International Business School.
    59. Holden, Craig W. & Kim, Daniel S., 2017. "Performance share plans: Valuation and empirical tests," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 99-125.
    60. Glover, Brent & Levine, Oliver, 2017. "Idiosyncratic risk and the manager," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 320-341.
    61. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Incentives from stock option grants: a behavioral approach," Post-Print halshs-00681611, HAL.
    62. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2018. "The optimal timing of CEO compensation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 90-94.
    63. Röell, Ailsa & Peng, Lin & Tang, Hongfei, 2016. "CEO Incentives: Measurement, Determinants, and Impact on Performance," CEPR Discussion Papers 11417, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    64. Christopher S. Armstrong & David F. Larcker & Che-Lin Su, 2010. "Endogenous Selection and Moral Hazard in Compensation Contracts," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(4-part-2), pages 1090-1106, August.
    65. Taylor, Lucian A., 2013. "CEO wage dynamics: Estimates from a learning model," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 79-98.
    66. Glover, Brent & Levine, Oliver, 2015. "Uncertainty, investment, and managerial incentives," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 121-137.
    67. Elkinawy, Susan & Hibbert, Ann Marie & Talukdar, Bakhtear, 2023. "Gender differences in CEO risk tolerance: A look at fixed pay," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    68. Pierre Chaigneau & Nicolas Sahuguet, 2014. "Explaining the Association between Monitoring and Controversial CEO Pay Practices: an Optimal Contracting Perspective," Cahiers de recherche 1406, CIRPEE.
    69. Thomas R. Kubick & G. Brandon Lockhart & David C. Mauer, 2025. "CEO tax burden and debt contracting," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 738-775, March.
    70. Sahuguet, Nicolas & Chaigneau, Pierre, 2012. "The structure of CEO pay: pay-for-luck and stock-options," CEPR Discussion Papers 9182, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    71. Karpavičius, Sigitas & Yu, Fan, 2018. "The impact of dividend-protected CEO equity incentives on firm value and risk," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 16-24.
    72. Robert H. Davidson & Aiyesha Dey & Abbie Smith, 2020. "Executives' Legal Records and the Deterrent Effect of Corporate Governance†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1444-1474, September.
    73. Jean Canil & Bruce Rosser, 2012. "Australian evidence on CEO option grants," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 16(3-4), pages 225-260, September.
    74. Jeong-Bon Kim & Li Li & Mary L. Z. Ma & Frank M. Song, 2013. "CEO Option Compensation, Risk-Taking Incentives, and Systemic Risk in the Banking Industry," Working Papers 182013, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    75. Joon Mahn Lee & Byoung‐Hyoun Hwang & Hailiang Chen, 2017. "Are founder CEOs more overconfident than professional CEOs? Evidence from S&P 1500 companies," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 751-769, March.
    76. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Incentives from stock option grants: a behavioral approach," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 10(3), pages 200-227, August.
    77. Christian Hofmann & Steven Huddart & Thomas Pfeiffer, 2023. "An analysis of net-outcome contracting with applications to equity-based compensation," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 1657-1689, September.
    78. Jiong Gong & Ping Jiang & Xiaochuan Xing, 2018. "Compensation Convexity without Utility Restriction," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(3), pages 238-249, September.
    79. Peter Jaskiewicz & Joern H. Block & James G. Combs & Danny Miller, 2017. "The Effects of Founder and Family Ownership on Hired CEOs’ Incentives and Firm Performance," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 41(1), pages 73-103, January.
    80. Dong, Gang Nathan, 2014. "Excessive financial services CEO pay and financial crisis: Evidence from calibration estimation," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 75-96.
    81. Anastasia A. Zakolyukina, 2018. "How Common Are Intentional GAAP Violations? Estimates from a Dynamic Model," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 56(1), pages 5-44, March.
    82. Engel, Pascal J. & Hack, Andreas & Kellermanns, Franz W., 2015. "Setting the right mix—Analyzing outside directors’ pay mix in public family firms," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 6(2), pages 130-140.
    83. Ng, Lilian & Sibilkov, Valeriy & Wang, Qinghai & Zaiats, Nataliya, 2011. "Does shareholder approval requirement of equity compensation plans matter?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 1510-1530.
    84. Loureiro, Gilberto & Makhija, Anil K. & Zhang, Dan, 2020. "One dollar CEOs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 425-439.
    85. Abudy, Menachem (Meni) & Benninga, Simon, 2016. "Valuing restricted stock grants to non-executive employees," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 33-51.
    86. Röell, Ailsa & Peng, Lin, 2009. "Managerial Incentives and Stock Price Manipulation," CEPR Discussion Papers 7442, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    87. Pierre Chaigneau & Alex Edmans & Daniel Gottlieb, 2014. "The Value of Informativeness for Contracting," NBER Working Papers 20542, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    88. Joshua D. Anderson & John E. Core, 2018. "Managerial Incentives to Increase Risk Provided by Debt, Stock, and Options," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(9), pages 4408-4432, September.
    89. Pierre Chaigneau & Nicolas Sahuguet, 2012. "Pay-for-Luck in CEO Compensation: Matching and Efficient Contracting," Cahiers de recherche 1224, CIRPEE.
    90. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Spalt, Oliver, 2007. "Sticks or carrots? Optimal CEO compensation when managers are loss averse," Papers 07-36, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    91. Alex Edmans & Xavier Gabaix, 2009. "Is CEO Pay Really Inefficient? A Survey of New Optimal Contracting Theories," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 15(3), pages 486-496, June.
    92. Tang, Chun-Hua, 2012. "Revisiting the incentive effects of executive stock options," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 564-574.
    93. Adolfo de Motta & Jaime Ortega, 2013. "Incentives, Capital Budgeting, and Organizational Structure," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(4), pages 810-831, December.
    94. Patricia Boyallian & Pablo Ruiz-Verdú, 2018. "Leverage, CEO Risk-Taking Incentives, and Bank Failure during the 2007–10 Financial Crisis [Endogenous matching and the empirical determinants of contract form]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 22(5), pages 1763-1805.
    95. Jaeyoung Sung, 2022. "Optimal contracting under mean-volatility joint ambiguity uncertainties," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 74(2), pages 593-642, September.
    96. Hongfei Tang, 2014. "Are CEO stock option grants optimal? Evidence from family firms and non-family firms around the Sarbanes–Oxley Act," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 251-292, February.
    97. Robert M. Gillenkirch & Achim Hendriks & Susanne A. Welker, 2014. "Effects of Executive Compensation Complexity on Investor Behaviour in an Experimental Stock Market," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 625-645, December.
    98. Martin Widdicks & Jinsha Zhao, 2014. "A Model of Equity Based Compensation with Tax," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(7-8), pages 1002-1041, September.
    99. Peter Slade & Tor Tolhurst, 2019. "Job Security and Risk‐Taking: Theory and Evidence From Professional Football," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 85(3), pages 899-918, January.
    100. Zhiwei Su & Xingchun Wang, 2019. "Pricing executive stock options with averaging features under the Heston–Nandi GARCH model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(9), pages 1056-1084, September.
    101. Nie, George Y., 2023. "Recover the Missing Dimension of Managerial Risk of Stockholdings and Option Grants," SocArXiv rcj8t_v1, Center for Open Science.
    102. Stephen J. Terry & Toni M. Whited & Anastasia A. Zakolyukina, 2020. "Information versus Investment," Working Papers 2020-110, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
    103. Pinto, Helena & Widdicks, Martin, 2014. "Do compensation plans with performance targets provide better incentives?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 662-694.
    104. Pierre Chaigneau, 2015. "Changes in probability distributions and the form of compensation contracts," Economic Theory Bulletin, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 3(2), pages 223-232, October.
    105. Bahaji, Hamza & Casta, Jean-François, 2016. "Employee stock option-implied risk attitude under Rank-Dependent Expected Utility," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 52(PA), pages 144-154.
    106. Chaigneau, Pierre & Edmans, Alex & Gottlieb, Daniel, 2018. "Does improved information improve incentives?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(2), pages 291-307.
    107. Ju, Nengjiu & Leland, Hayne & Senbet, Lemma W., 2014. "Options, option repricing in managerial compensation: Their effects on corporate investment risk," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 628-643.
    108. Jean Canil & Bruce Rosser, 2015. "Evidence on exercise pricing in CEO option grants in two countries," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 11(3), pages 383-410, November.
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    110. Christian Riis Flor & Hans Frimor & Claus Munk, 2014. "Options in Compensation: Promises and Pitfalls," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 52(3), pages 703-732, June.
    111. Joanna Golden, 2018. "The Effect of Shareholder Rights and Information Asymmetry on Stock-Option-Related Repurchase Activity," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(02), pages 1-41, June.
    112. Stacey Beaumont & Raluca Ratiu & David Reeb & Glenn Boyle & Philip Brown & Alexander Szimayer & Raymond Silva Rosa & David Hillier & Patrick McColgan & Athanasios Tsekeris & Bryan Howieson & Zoltan Ma, 2016. "Comments on Shan and Walter: ‘Towards a Set of Design Principles for Executive Compensation Contracts’," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 52(4), pages 685-771, December.
    113. Bruce K. Billings & James R. Moon & Richard M. Morton & Dana M. Wallace, 2020. "Can Employee Stock Options Contribute to Less Risk‐Taking?†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1658-1686, September.
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    120. Paul C. Nystrom & Ehsan S. Soofi, 2012. "Rare, outlier and extreme: beyond the Gaussian model and measures," International Journal of Complexity in Leadership and Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 2(1/2), pages 6-38.
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    125. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Employee Stock Options Incentive Effects: A Cpt-Based Model," Post-Print halshs-00681609, HAL.
    126. Hayes, Rachel M. & Lemmon, Michael & Qiu, Mingming, 2012. "Stock options and managerial incentives for risk taking: Evidence from FAS 123R," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(1), pages 174-190.
    127. Qi Liu & Lei Lu & Bo Sun, 2018. "Incentive contracting under ambiguity aversion," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 66(4), pages 929-950, December.
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  4. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Spalt, Oliver, 2007. "Sticks or carrots? Optimal CEO compensation when managers are loss averse," Papers 07-36, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.

    Cited by:

    1. Guo, Dongmei & Hu, Yi & Wang, Shouyang & Zhao, Lin, 2016. "Comparing risks with reference points: A stochastic dominance approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 105-116.
    2. Blanche Segrestin & Kevin Levillain & Armand Hatchuel, 2016. "Purpose-driven corporations: how corporate law reorders the field of corporate governance," Post-Print hal-01323118, HAL.
    3. Rajdeep Chakraborti & Sandeep Dahiya & Lei Ge & Pedro Gete, 2022. "Credit Stimulus, Executive Ownership, and Firm Leverage," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(10), pages 7682-7700, October.
    4. Jochen Bigus, 2015. "Auditor Reputation Under Different Negligence Regimes," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 51(3), pages 356-378, September.
    5. Grout, Paul A. & Zalewska, Anna, 2012. "The effect of option granting on executive stock purchases," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 12-15.
    6. Peters, Hans, 2012. "A preference foundation for constant loss aversion," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 21-25.
    7. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu & Dan Zhang, 2017. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(5), pages 1805-1846.
    8. Ernst Maug & Bernd Albrecht, 2011. "Struktur und Höhe der Vorstandsvergütung: Fakten und Mythen," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 63(8), pages 858-881, December.
    9. Yisong S. Tian, 2020. "Enhancing managerial equity incentives with moving average payoffs," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(10), pages 1562-1583, October.
    10. Zsolt Bihary & P'eter Cs'oka & P'eter Ker'enyi & Alexander Szimayer, 2019. "Self-respecting worker in the precarious gig economy: A dynamic principal-agent model," Papers 1902.10021, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2025.
    11. Silvia Dominguez Martinez & Randolph Sloof & Ferdinand von Siemens, 2010. "Monitoring your Friends, not your Foes: Strategic Ignorance and the Delegation of Real Authority," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 10-101/1, Tinbergen Institute.
    12. Bin Zou, 2017. "Optimal Investment In Hedge Funds Under Loss Aversion," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(03), pages 1-32, May.
    13. Merz, Alexander, 2017. "What have we learned from SFAS 123r and IFRS 2? A review of existing evidence and future research suggestions," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 14-33.
    14. Lamar Pierce & Alex Rees-Jones & Charlotte Blank, 2020. "The Negative Consequences of Loss-Framed Performance Incentives," NBER Working Papers 26619, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Grundy, Bruce D. & Li, Hui, 2010. "Investor sentiment, executive compensation, and corporate investment," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 2439-2449, October.
    16. Sofia Moroni, 2016. "Dynamic Contracts Under Loss Aversion," Working Paper 5868, Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh.
    17. Xavier Gabaix & Augustin Landier & Julien Sauvagnat, 2013. "CEO Pay and Firm Size: an Update after the Crisis," NBER Working Papers 19078, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Kfir Eliaz & Ran Spiegler, 2013. "Reference Dependence and Labor Market Fluctuations," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2013, Volume 28, pages 159-200, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Nicholas C. Barberis, 2012. "Thirty Years of Prospect Theory in Economics: A Review and Assessment," NBER Working Papers 18621, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Qi Liu & Lei Lu & Bo Sun, 2017. "Incentive Contracting Under Ambiguity Aversion," International Finance Discussion Papers 1195, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    21. Weining Niu & Qingduo Zeng, 2017. "Security issuance and price impact under loss aversion," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 4(02n03), pages 1-9, June.
    22. Steffen Brenner, 2015. "The Risk Preferences of U.S. Executives," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(6), pages 1344-1361, June.
    23. Niu, Weining & Zeng, Qingduo, 2018. "Corporate financing with loss aversion and disagreement," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 80-90.
    24. Pierre Chaigneau, 2012. "The Effect of Risk Preferences on the Valuation and Incentives of Compensation Contracts," Cahiers de recherche 1209, CIRPEE.
    25. Sun, Lei & Widdicks, Martin, 2016. "Why do employees like to be paid with Options?: A multi-period prospect theory approach," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 106-125.
    26. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2012. "The effect of risk preferences on the valuation and incentives of compensation contracts," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119055, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    27. Macho-Stadler, Inés & Pérez-Castrillo, David & Quérou, Nicolas, 2021. "Goal-oriented agents in a market," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    28. Huong Trang Kim & Quang Nguyen, 2024. "Linking top managers’ behavioural traits with business practices and firm performance," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 18(11), pages 3253-3296, November.
    29. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2013. "Explaining the structure of CEO incentive pay with decreasing relative risk aversion," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 4-23.
    30. Marius Guenzel & Ulrike Malmendier, 2020. "Behavioral Corporate Finance: The Life Cycle of a CEO Career," NBER Working Papers 27635, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    31. Anne Beyer & Ilan Guttman & Iván Marinovic, 2014. "Optimal Contracts with Performance Manipulation," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 52(4), pages 817-847, September.
    32. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Zhang, Dan, 2011. "Restricting CEO pay," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 1200-1220, September.
    33. Banerjee, Shantanu & Homroy, Swarnodeep, 2018. "Managerial incentives and strategic choices of firms with different ownership structures," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 314-330.
    34. Volker Laux, 2015. "Executive Pay, Innovation, and Risk‐Taking," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 275-305, June.
    35. Hamza Bahaji, 2011. "Employee Stock Options Incentive Effects: A Cpt-Based Model," Working Papers halshs-00618477, HAL.
    36. Gillan, Stuart L. & Nguyen, Nga Q., 2016. "Incentives, termination payments, and CEO contracting," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 445-465.
    37. Müller, Helge & Schumacher, Christoph & Feess, Eberhard, 2011. "Gender behavior in betting markets," VfS Annual Conference 2011 (Frankfurt, Main): The Order of the World Economy - Lessons from the Crisis 48697, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    38. Edmans, Alex & Gabaix, Xavier, 2016. "Executive Compensation: A Modern Primer," Scholarly Articles 34651704, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    39. Ingolf Dittmann, 2010. "Discussion of “Are CEOs compensated for value destroying growth in earnings?”," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 578-583, September.
    40. Te Bao & Edward Halim & Charles N. Noussair & Yohanes E. Riyanto, 2021. "Managerial incentives and stock price dynamics: an experimental approach," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 24(2), pages 617-648, June.
    41. Dominguez-Martinez, Silvia & Sloof, Randolph & von Siemens, Ferdinand A., 2014. "Monitored by your friends, not your foes: Strategic ignorance and the delegation of real authority," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 289-305.
    42. Holden, Craig W. & Kim, Daniel S., 2017. "Performance share plans: Valuation and empirical tests," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 99-125.
    43. Corgnet, Brice & Gómez-Miñambres, Joaquín & Hernán-González, Roberto, 2018. "Goal setting in the principal–agent model: Weak incentives for strong performance," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 311-326.
    44. González-Jiménez, Víctor, 2024. "Incentive design for reference-dependent preferences," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 493-518.
    45. Ouzan, Samuel, 2020. "Loss aversion and market crashes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 70-86.
    46. Chaigneau, Pierre, 2018. "The optimal timing of CEO compensation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 90-94.
    47. Taylor, Lucian A., 2013. "CEO wage dynamics: Estimates from a learning model," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 79-98.
    48. Elkinawy, Susan & Hibbert, Ann Marie & Talukdar, Bakhtear, 2023. "Gender differences in CEO risk tolerance: A look at fixed pay," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    49. González-Jiménez, Víctor & Dalton, Patricio S. & Noussair, Charles N., 2026. "Bonuses and loss aversion," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    50. Karpavičius, Sigitas & Yu, Fan, 2018. "The impact of dividend-protected CEO equity incentives on firm value and risk," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 16-24.
    51. Ya-Jun Cai & Yingjia Wang & Juzhi Zhang, 2020. "Enhancing e-platform business by customer service systems: a multi-methodological case study on Ali Wangwang instant message’s impacts on TaoBao," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 291(1), pages 59-81, August.
    52. Xie, Hongji & Tian, Cunzhi & Pang, Fangying, 2024. "Venture capital and corporate financialization: Evidence from China," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 119-136.
    53. Hamza Bahaji, 2018. "Are employee stock option exercise decisions better explained through the prospect theory?," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 262(2), pages 335-359, March.
    54. Jiong Gong & Ping Jiang & Xiaochuan Xing, 2018. "Compensation Convexity without Utility Restriction," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(3), pages 238-249, September.
    55. Jianping Yang & Chaoqun Zhao & Weiru Chen & Diwei Zhou & Shuguang Han, 2022. "Fraction-Degree Reference Dependent Stochastic Dominance," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 1193-1219, June.
    56. Tiziano De Angelis & Caio C'esar Graciani Rodrigues & Peter Tankov, 2024. "A model of strategic sustainable investment," Papers 2412.00986, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2026.
    57. Pierre Chaigneau & Nicolas Sahuguet, 2012. "Pay-for-Luck in CEO Compensation: Matching and Efficient Contracting," Cahiers de recherche 1224, CIRPEE.
    58. Campos-Mercade, Pol & Thiemann, Petra & Wengström, Erik, 2025. "Performance Incentives in Education: The Role of Goal Mismatch," Working Papers 2025:5, Lund University, Department of Economics.
    59. Hori, Keiichi & Osano, Hiroshi, 2020. "Dynamic contract and discretionary termination policy under loss aversion," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    60. Alvaro Remesal, 2025. "Clawback enforcement, executive pay, and accounting manipulation," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 227-255, April.
    61. Hongfei Tang, 2014. "Are CEO stock option grants optimal? Evidence from family firms and non-family firms around the Sarbanes–Oxley Act," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 251-292, February.
    62. Martin Widdicks & Jinsha Zhao, 2014. "A Model of Equity Based Compensation with Tax," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(7-8), pages 1002-1041, September.
    63. Zhiwei Su & Xingchun Wang, 2019. "Pricing executive stock options with averaging features under the Heston–Nandi GARCH model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(9), pages 1056-1084, September.
    64. Pinto, Helena & Widdicks, Martin, 2014. "Do compensation plans with performance targets provide better incentives?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 662-694.
    65. Pierre Chaigneau, 2015. "Changes in probability distributions and the form of compensation contracts," Economic Theory Bulletin, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 3(2), pages 223-232, October.
    66. Malmendier, Ulrike M. & Guenzel, Marius, 2020. "Behavioral Corporate Finance: The Life Cycle of a CEO Career," CEPR Discussion Papers 15103, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    67. Christian Riis Flor & Hans Frimor & Claus Munk, 2014. "Options in Compensation: Promises and Pitfalls," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 52(3), pages 703-732, June.
    68. Stacey Beaumont & Raluca Ratiu & David Reeb & Glenn Boyle & Philip Brown & Alexander Szimayer & Raymond Silva Rosa & David Hillier & Patrick McColgan & Athanasios Tsekeris & Bryan Howieson & Zoltan Ma, 2016. "Comments on Shan and Walter: ‘Towards a Set of Design Principles for Executive Compensation Contracts’," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 52(4), pages 685-771, December.
    69. Jochen Bigus & Nadine Georgiou, 2025. "How to Design Auditor Liability When Judges Suffer from Hindsight Bias," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 61(2), pages 345-376, June.
    70. Jochen Bigus, 2015. "Loss Aversion, Audit Risk Judgments, and Auditor Liability," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 581-606, September.
    71. Mburu, Henry Kimani & Tang, Alex P., 2018. "The adoption of voluntary clawback provisions and the broader commitment hypothesis," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 60-69.
    72. Chakraborti, Rajdeep & Dahiya, Sandeep & Ge, Lei & Gete, Pedro, 2024. "A model of managerial compensation, firm leverage and credit stimulus," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    73. Matthew Gould & Matthew D. Rablen, 2019. "Are World Leaders Loss Averse?," CESifo Working Paper Series 7763, CESifo.
    74. Ulrike Malmendier, 2018. "Behavioral Corporate Finance," NBER Working Papers 25162, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    75. Nicholas C. Barberis, 2013. "Thirty Years of Prospect Theory in Economics: A Review and Assessment," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 27(1), pages 173-196, Winter.
    76. Hayes, Rachel M. & Lemmon, Michael & Qiu, Mingming, 2012. "Stock options and managerial incentives for risk taking: Evidence from FAS 123R," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(1), pages 174-190.
    77. Tore Ellingsen & Eirik Gaard Kristiansen, 2022. "Fair and Square: A Retention Model of Managerial Compensation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(5), pages 3604-3624, May.
    78. Qi Liu & Lei Lu & Bo Sun, 2018. "Incentive contracting under ambiguity aversion," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 66(4), pages 929-950, December.

  5. Dittmann, Ingolf & Kübler, Dorothea & Maug, Ernst & Mechtenberg, Lydia, 2007. "Why votes have a value," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2007-068, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.

    Cited by:

    1. Jason A. Aimone & Luigi Butera & Thomas Stratmann, 2014. "Altruistic Punishment in Elections," CESifo Working Paper Series 4945, CESifo.

  6. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Spalt, Oliver, 2007. "Executive Stock Options when Managers are Loss-Averse," Sonderforschungsbereich 504 Publications 07-36, Sonderforschungsbereich 504, Universität Mannheim;Sonderforschungsbereich 504, University of Mannheim.

    Cited by:

    1. Herweg, Fabian & Müller, Daniel, 2008. "The Optimality of Simple Contracts: Moral Hazard and Loss Aversion," Bonn Econ Discussion Papers 17/2008, University of Bonn, Bonn Graduate School of Economics (BGSE).

  7. Dittmann, I. & Maug, E.G., 2006. "Valuation Biases, Error Measures, and the Conglomerate Discount," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2006-011-F&A, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.

    Cited by:

    1. Rudolph, Christin & Schwetzler, Bernhard, 2014. "Mountain or molehill? Downward biases in the conglomerate discount measure," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 420-431.

  8. Dittmann, Ingolf & Weiner, Christian, 2005. "Selecting comparables for the valuation of European firms," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2005-002, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.

    Cited by:

    1. Nigohos Kanaryan, 2019. "Enhancing The Adjustments Of Market Multiples For Better Operating Efficiency," Economic Archive, D. A. Tsenov Academy of Economics, Svishtov, Bulgaria, issue 4 Year 20, pages 3-20.
    2. Barbara Fidanza, 2008. "The Valuation by Multiples of Italian Firms," Working Papers 14-2008, Macerata University, Department of Studies on Economic Development (DiSSE), revised Nov 2008.
    3. Veronika Staňková & Miloš Mařík, 2020. "Selecting a peer group of companies for valuation and outline of future research using machine learning [K problému výběru porovnatelné skupiny podniků pro ocenění a nástin budoucího výzkumu s využitím strojového učení]," Oceňování, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 13(3-4), pages 51-64.
    4. José Couto & Paula Brito & António Cerqueira, 2017. "The Method of Market Multiples on the Valuation of Companies: A Multivariate Approach," FEP Working Papers 586, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.

  9. Dittmann, Ingolf & Weiner, Christian, 2005. "Selecting comparables for the valuation of European firms," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2005-002, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.

    Cited by:

    1. Juhász Jácint & Kovács Imola & Kovács Ildikó, 2010. "Comparable Valuation Method - A New Approach. Case Study: A Romanian Flexographic Printing Firm," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1(2), pages 571-577, December.
    2. Nigohos Kanaryan, 2019. "Enhancing The Adjustments Of Market Multiples For Better Operating Efficiency," Economic Archive, D. A. Tsenov Academy of Economics, Svishtov, Bulgaria, issue 4 Year 20, pages 3-20.
    3. Barbara Fidanza, 2008. "The Valuation by Multiples of Italian Firms," Working Papers 14-2008, Macerata University, Department of Studies on Economic Development (DiSSE), revised Nov 2008.
    4. Salmanov, Oleg & Babina, Natalia & Bashirova, Svetlana & Samoshkina, Marina, 2015. "Multiples for Valuation Estimates of Companies in the Technology Sector of Emerging Markets," MPRA Paper 112271, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Mar 2015.
    5. Veronika Staňková & Miloš Mařík, 2020. "Selecting a peer group of companies for valuation and outline of future research using machine learning [K problému výběru porovnatelné skupiny podniků pro ocenění a nástin budoucího výzkumu s využitím strojového učení]," Oceňování, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 13(3-4), pages 51-64.
    6. Emanuel Bagna & Enrico Cotta Ramusino, 2016. "Accounting-Based Valuation Using Market Multiples: The Case Of Cyclical Companies," DEM Working Papers Series 126, University of Pavia, Department of Economics and Management.
    7. José Couto & Paula Brito & António Cerqueira, 2017. "The Method of Market Multiples on the Valuation of Companies: A Multivariate Approach," FEP Working Papers 586, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.

  10. Dittmann, Ingolf & Granger, Clive W.J., 2000. "Properties of Nonlinear Transformations of Fractionally Integrated Processes," University of California at San Diego, Economics Working Paper Series qt0kk9x0mc, Department of Economics, UC San Diego.

    Cited by:

    1. Leschinski, Christian, 2016. "On the Memory of Products of Long Range Dependent Time Series," Hannover Economic Papers (HEP) dp-569, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
    2. Hailin Sang & Yongli Sang, 2017. "Memory properties of transformations of linear processes," Statistical Inference for Stochastic Processes, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 79-103, April.
    3. Gabriele La Spada & Fabrizio Lillo, 2011. "The effect of round-off error on long memory processes," Papers 1107.4476, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2013.
    4. McHale, I.G. & Peel, D.A., 2010. "Habit and long memory in UK lottery sales," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 109(1), pages 7-10, October.
    5. Dionysios Polemis & Christos Bentsos, 2025. "LNG vessels transits through Suez Canal under the changing geopolitical context," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-21, December.
    6. Coroneo, Laura & Iacone, Fabrizio, 2025. "Testing for equal predictive accuracy with strong dependence," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 41(3), pages 1073-1092.
    7. Athanasia Gavala & Nikolay Gospodinov & Deming Jiang, 2006. "Forecasting volatility," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(6), pages 381-400.
    8. Marzio Galeotti & Matteo Manera & Alessandro Lanza, 2009. "On the Robustness of Robustness Checks of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 42(4), pages 551-574, April.
    9. Kruse, Robinson & Leschinski, Christian & Will, Michael, 2016. "Comparing Predictive Accuracy under Long Memory - With an Application to Volatility Forecasting," Hannover Economic Papers (HEP) dp-571, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
    10. Heejoon Han & Dennis Kristensen, 2012. "Asymptotic Theory for the QMLE in GARCH-X Models with Stationary and Non-Stationary Covariates," CREATES Research Papers 2012-25, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    11. Monge, Manuel & Claudio-Quiroga, Gloria & Poza, Carlos, 2024. "Chinese economic behavior in times of covid-19. A new leading economic indicator based on Google trends," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    12. Giulia Rotundo & Roy Cerqueti, 2010. "Options With Underlying Asset Driven By A Fractional Brownian Motion: Crossing Barriers Estimates," New Mathematics and Natural Computation (NMNC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(01), pages 109-118.
    13. David Mcmillan & Alan Speight, 2008. "Long-memory in high-frequency exchange rate volatility under temporal aggregation," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 251-261.
    14. Morana, Claudio, 2024. "A new macro-financial condition index for the euro area," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 64-87.
    15. Feng, Yuanhua & Zhou, Chen, 2015. "Forecasting financial market activity using a semiparametric fractionally integrated Log-ACD," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 349-363.
    16. Jannik Kreye & Philipp Sibbertsen, 2024. "Testing for a Forecast Accuracy Breakdown under Long Memory," Papers 2409.07087, arXiv.org.
    17. Ting Zhang & Hwai-Chung Ho & Martin Wendler & Wei Biao Wu, 2013. "Block Sampling under Strong Dependence," Papers 1312.5807, arXiv.org.
    18. Haldrup, Niels & Nielsen, Morten Orregaard, 2007. "Estimation of fractional integration in the presence of data noise," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 51(6), pages 3100-3114, March.
    19. Roy Cerqueti & Giulia Rotundo, 2015. "A review of aggregation techniques for agent-based models: understanding the presence of long-term memory," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 1693-1717, July.
    20. Monge, Manuel & Cristóbal, Enrique, 2021. "Terrorism and the behavior of oil production and prices in OPEC," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    21. Wang, Yudong & Wu, Chongfeng, 2012. "Long memory in energy futures markets: Further evidence," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 261-272.
    22. Ghysels, Eric & Santa-Clara, Pedro & Valkanov, Rossen, 2006. "Predicting volatility: getting the most out of return data sampled at different frequencies," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 131(1-2), pages 59-95.
    23. Bhardwaj, Geetesh & Swanson, Norman R., 2006. "An empirical investigation of the usefulness of ARFIMA models for predicting macroeconomic and financial time series," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 131(1-2), pages 539-578.
    24. Sophie Brana & Dalila Chenaf-Nicet & Delphine Lahet, 2023. "Drivers of cross-border bank claims: The role of foreign-owned banks in emerging countries," Working Papers 2023.06, International Network for Economic Research - INFER.
    25. Zhang, Ting & Ho, Hwai-Chung & Wendler, Martin & Wu, Wei Biao, 2013. "Block sampling under strong dependence," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 123(6), pages 2323-2339.
    26. Claudio Morana, 2022. "Euro area inflation and a new measure of core inflation," Working Papers 505, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised Oct 2023.
    27. Dominique Guegan, 2005. "How can we define the concept of long memory ? An econometric survey," Post-Print halshs-00179343, HAL.
    28. Yoon, Gawon, 2005. "Long-memory property of nonlinear transformations of break processes," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 373-377, June.
    29. Arteche, Josu & Orbe, Jesus, 2016. "A bootstrap approximation for the distribution of the Local Whittle estimator," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 645-660.
    30. Esben Hoeg & Per Frederiksen, 2006. "The Fractional OU Process: Term Structure Theory and Application," Computing in Economics and Finance 2006 194, Society for Computational Economics.
    31. Høg, Espen P. & Frederiksen, Per H., 2006. "The Fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process: Term Structure Theory and Application," Finance Research Group Working Papers F-2006-01, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Business Studies.
    32. Chong, Terence Tai Leung & Lu, Chenxi & Chan, Wing H., 2016. "Long Range Dependence and Structural Breaks in the Gold Markets," MPRA Paper 80553, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    33. Giorgio Canarella & Luis A. Gil-Alana & Rangan Gupta & Stephen M. Miller, 2020. "Globalization, Long Memory, and Real Interest Rate Convergence: A Historical Perspective," Working Papers 2020106, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    34. Azamo, Baudouin Tameze & Krämer, Walter, 2006. "Structural Change and long memory in the GARCH(1,1)-model," Technical Reports 2006,33, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.
    35. Avarucci, Marco & Marinucci, Domenico, 2005. "Polynomial cointegration among stationary processes with long memory," UC3M Working papers. Economics we055123, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía.
    36. Jan Beran & Yuanhua Feng & Sucharita Ghosh, 2015. "Modelling long-range dependence and trends in duration series: an approach based on EFARIMA and ESEMIFAR models," Statistical Papers, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 431-451, May.
    37. Monge, Manuel & Romero Rojo, María Fátima & Gil-Alana, Luis Alberiko, 2023. "The impact of geopolitical risk on the behavior of oil prices and freight rates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    38. Yoon, Gawon, 2005. "An introduction to I([infinity]) processes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 473-483, May.
    39. Monge, Manuel & Lazcano, Ana & Parada, José Luis, 2023. "Growth vs value investing: Persistence and time trend before and after COVID-19," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    40. Niels Haldrup & Robinson Kruse, 2014. "Discriminating between fractional integration and spurious long memory," CREATES Research Papers 2014-19, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    41. Paul Doukhan & Ieva Grublytė & Denys Pommeret & Laurence Reboul, 2020. "Comparing the marginal densities of two strictly stationary linear processes," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 72(6), pages 1419-1447, December.

  11. Dittmann, Ingolf, 2000. "Error correction models for fractionally cointegrated time series," Technical Reports 2000,02, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.

    Cited by:

    1. Cassola, Nuno & Morana, Claudio, 2010. "Comovements in volatility in the euro money market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 525-539, April.
    2. Katarzyna Lasak, 2008. "Likelihood based testing for no fractional cointegration," CREATES Research Papers 2008-52, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    3. ERER, Deniz & ERER, Elif & GÜLEÇ, Tuna Can, 2016. "Fractional Cointegration Analysis Of Stock Market And Exchange Rates: The Case Of Turkey," Studii Financiare (Financial Studies), Centre of Financial and Monetary Research "Victor Slavescu", vol. 20(3), pages 80-94.
    4. Morana, Claudio, 2006. "A small scale macroeconometric model for the Euro-12 area," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 391-426, May.
    5. Krämer Walter, 2002. "Statistische Besonderheiten von Finanzzeitreihen / Statistical Properties of Financial Time Series," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 222(2), pages 210-229, April.
    6. Derek Bond & Michael J. Harrison & Edward J. O'Brien, 2005. "Testing for Long Memory and Nonlinear Time Series: A Demand for Money Study," Trinity Economics Papers tep20021, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
    7. Katarzyna Lasak, 2008. "Maximum likelihood estimation of fractionally cointegrated systems," CREATES Research Papers 2008-53, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    8. Derek Bond & Michael J. Harrison & Edward J. O'Brien, 2007. "Demand for Money: A Study in Testing Time Series for Long Memory and Nonlinearity," The Economic and Social Review, Economic and Social Studies, vol. 38(1), pages 1-24.
    9. Simwaka, Kisu, 2012. "Time varying fractional cointegration," MPRA Paper 39505, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Banerjee, Anindya & Urga, Giovanni, 2005. "Modelling structural breaks, long memory and stock market volatility: an overview," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 129(1-2), pages 1-34.

  12. Dittmann, Ingolf, 1998. "Fractional cointegration of voting and non-voting shares," Technical Reports 1998,40, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.

    Cited by:

    1. Marcel Aloy & Mohamed Boutahar & Karine Gente & Anne Péguin-feissolle, 2010. "Fractional integration and cointegration in stock prices and exchange rates," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 30(1), pages 115-129.
    2. Karin Niehoff, 2016. "Price Discovery in Voting and Non-Voting Stocks," Schmalenbach Business Review, Springer;Schmalenbach-Gesellschaft, vol. 17(3), pages 285-307, December.
    3. Kellard, Neil & Sarantis, Nicholas, 2008. "Can exchange rate volatility explain persistence in the forward premium?," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 714-728, September.
    4. Krämer Walter, 2002. "Statistische Besonderheiten von Finanzzeitreihen / Statistical Properties of Financial Time Series," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 222(2), pages 210-229, April.
    5. Kellard, Neil & Dunis, Christian & Sarantis, Nicholas, 2010. "Foreign exchange, fractional cointegration and the implied-realized volatility relation," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 882-891, April.
    6. Uwe Hassler & Francesc Marmol & Carlos Velasco, 2008. "Fractional cointegration in the presence of linear trends," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(6), pages 1088-1103, November.
    7. Jörg Breitung & Christian Wulff, 2001. "Non‐linear Error Correction and the Efficient Market Hypothesis: The Case of German Dual‐Class Shares," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 2(4), pages 419-434, November.
    8. Kramer, Walter & Marmol, Francesc, 2004. "The power of residual-based tests for cointegration when residuals are fractionally integrated," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 63-69, January.

  13. Dittmann, Ingolf, 1998. "Residual-based tests for fractional cointegration: A Monte Carlo study," Technical Reports 1998,09, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.

    Cited by:

    1. Ingolf Dittmann, 2004. "Error Correction Models for Fractionally Cointegrated Time Series," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(1), pages 27-32, January.
    2. Saidat Fehintola Olaniran & Oyebayo Ridwan Olaniran & Jeza Allohibi & Abdulmajeed Atiah Alharbi & Mohd Tahir Ismail, 2024. "A Generalized Residual-Based Test for Fractional Cointegration in Panel Data with Fixed Effects," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Ingolf Dittmann, 2001. "Fractional cointegration of voting and non-voting shares," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(3), pages 321-332.
    4. Maria Malmierca-Ordoqui & Luis A. Gil-Alana & Manuel Monge, 2024. "Fractional cointegration between energy imports to the EURO area and exchange rates to the US dollar," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 66(2), pages 859-882, February.
    5. Duffy-Deno, Kevin T. & Parsons, Steve G., 2012. "Toll-free numbers: Demand, property rights, and public policy," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 324-334.

Articles

  1. Dittmann, Ingolf & Montone, Maurizio & Zhu, Yuhao, 2023. "Wage gap and stock returns: Do investors dislike pay inequality?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).

    Cited by:

    1. Cao, Zhiling & Du, Xinbei & Zhao, Lili, 2025. "Institutional investors' information access and executive pay gaps: Evidence from corporate site visits in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    2. Verga Matos, Pedro & Neves, Pedro, 2025. "Wage asymmetries in Portugal: The top executive–worker pay gap and its implications for Sustainable Development Goal 10," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 4(5).
    3. Yiqing Tan, 2025. "The Impact of the CEO–Employee Pay Gap on Corporate Social Responsibility," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 35(3), pages 241-256, September.
    4. Yue, Haocheng & Li, Jingcheng, 2025. "Recruitment compensation gaps and firm value," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).

  2. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu & Dan Zhang, 2017. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(5), pages 1805-1846.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  3. Dittmann, Ingolf & Kübler, Dorothea & Maug, Ernst & Mechtenberg, Lydia, 2014. "Why votes have value: Instrumental voting with overconfidence and overestimation of others' errors," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 17-38.

    Cited by:

    1. Antoinette Baujard & Herrade Igersheim & Jean-François Laslier, 2013. "Voting Experiments," PSE Working Papers halshs-04745041, HAL.
    2. Antoinette Baujard & Herrade Igersheim & Isabelle Lebon, 2020. "Some regrettable grading scale effects under different versions of evaluative voting," Working Papers 2024, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Etienne (GATE Lyon St-Etienne), Université de Lyon.
    3. Herrade Igersheim & Antoinette Baujard & Jean-François Laslier, 2016. "La question du vote. Expérimentations en laboratoire et In Situ," Working Papers 1633, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Etienne (GATE Lyon St-Etienne), Université de Lyon.
    4. Karl H.Schlag, 2015. "Who gives Direction to Statistical Testing? Best Practice meets Mathematically Correct Tests," Vienna Economics Papers vie1512, University of Vienna, Department of Economics.
    5. Boris Ginzburg & JosÔøΩ-Alberto Guerra & Warn N. Lekfuangfu, 2020. "Counting on My Vote Not Counting: Expressive Voting in Committees," Documentos CEDE 18250, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    6. Saito, Hiroharu, 2022. "Loss aversion for the value of voting rights: WTA/WTP ratios for a ballot," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    7. Bortolon, Patrícia M. & Câmara Leal, Ricardo P., 2014. "Dual-class unifications and corporate governance in Brazil," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 89-108.
    8. Schnellenbach, Jan & Schubert, Christian, 2015. "Behavioral political economy: A survey," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 40(PB), pages 395-417.
    9. Mechtenberg, Lydia & Tyran, Jean-Robert, 2019. "Voter motivation and the quality of democratic choice," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 241-259.
    10. Kind, Axel & Poltera, Marco & Zaia, Johannes, 2024. "The value of say on pay," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    11. Sebastian Garmann, 2020. "Political efficacy and the persistence of turnout shocks," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 411-429, November.
    12. Schnellenbach, Jan & Schubert, Christian, 2014. "Behavioral public choice: A survey," Freiburg Discussion Papers on Constitutional Economics 14/03, Walter Eucken Institut e.V..
    13. Jean-Robert Tyran & Alexander K. Wagner, 2016. "Experimental Evidence on Expressive Voting," Discussion Papers 16-12, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics.
    14. Buechel, Berno & Mechtenberg, Lydia, 2019. "The swing voter's curse in social networks," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 241-268.
    15. Steve Sauerwald & J. (Hans) Van Oosterhout & Marc Van Essen, 2016. "Expressive Shareholder Democracy: A Multilevel Study of Shareholder Dissent in 15 Western European Countries," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 520-551, June.
    16. Henning Piezunka & Oliver Schilke, 2023. "The Dual Function of Organizational Structure: Aggregating and Shaping Individuals’ Votes," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 34(5), pages 1914-1937, September.
    17. Lina Restrepo-Plaza & Enrique Fatas, 2023. "Building inclusive institutions in polarized scenarios," Constitutional Political Economy, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 88-110, March.
    18. Anida Krajina & Jakub Prochazka, 2018. "Motives behind voting and the perception of the motives: paradox of voting in Bosnia and Herzegovina," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 8(3), pages 451-483, December.

  4. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug & Oliver G. Spalt, 2013. "Indexing Executive Compensation Contracts," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 26(12), pages 3182-3224.

    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Miguel Glória & José Carlos Dias & João Pedro Ruas & João Pedro Vidal Nunes, 2024. "The interaction between equity-based compensation and debt in managerial risk choices," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 27(3), pages 227-258, October.
    2. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu & Dan Zhang, 2017. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(5), pages 1805-1846.
    3. Wang, Guanying & Wang, Xingchun & Shao, Xinjian, 2022. "Exchange options for catastrophe risk management," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    4. Miguel Antón & Florian Ederer & Mireia Giné & Martin C. Schmalz, 2016. "Common Ownership, Competition, and Top Management Incentives," CESifo Working Paper Series 6178, CESifo.
    5. Merz, Alexander, 2017. "What have we learned from SFAS 123r and IFRS 2? A review of existing evidence and future research suggestions," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 14-33.
    6. Alex Edmans & Tom Gosling & Dirk Jenter, 2021. "CEO Compensation: Evidence from the Field," CESifo Working Paper Series 9162, CESifo.
    7. Wang, Xingchun, 2021. "The values and incentive effects of options on the maximum or the minimum of the stock prices and market index," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    8. Cole, John A. & Cadogan, Godfrey, 2014. "Bankruptcy risk induced by career concerns of regulators," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 259-271.
    9. Godfrey Charles-Cadogan & John A. Cole, 2013. "Bankruptcy Risk Induced by Career Concerns of Regulators," Papers 1312.7346, arXiv.org.
    10. Qi Liu & Bo Sun, 2016. "Relative Wealth Concerns, Executive Compensation, and Systemic Risk-Taking," International Finance Discussion Papers 1164, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    11. Geys, Benny & Heggedal, Tom-Reiel & Sørensen, Rune J., 2017. "Are bureaucrats paid like CEOs? Performance compensation and turnover of top civil servants," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 47-54.
    12. Pierre Chaigneau & Alex Edmans & Daniel Gottlieb, 2014. "The Value of Informativeness for Contracting," NBER Working Papers 20542, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Zhiwei Su & Xingchun Wang, 2019. "Pricing executive stock options with averaging features under the Heston–Nandi GARCH model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(9), pages 1056-1084, September.
    14. Chaigneau, Pierre & Edmans, Alex & Gottlieb, Daniel, 2018. "Does improved information improve incentives?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(2), pages 291-307.
    15. Wang, Xingchun, 2019. "Valuation of new-designed contracts for catastrophe risk management," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).

  5. Dittmann, Ingolf & Maug, Ernst & Zhang, Dan, 2011. "Restricting CEO pay," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 1200-1220, September.

    Cited by:

    1. Xu, Yong & Ji, Junzhe & Li, Nicolas & Borah, Dhruba, 2024. "How do executive excess compensation affect enterprise technological innovation: Evidence from a panel threshold model of chinese biopharmaceutical companies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    2. Ingolf Dittmann & Ko-Chia Yu & Dan Zhang, 2017. "How Important Are Risk-Taking Incentives in Executive Compensation?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(5), pages 1805-1846.
    3. Ibrahim, Salma & Li, Hao & Yan, Yan & Zhao, Jinsha, 2021. "Pay me a single figure! Assessing the impact of single figure regulation on CEO pay," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    4. Steve Sauerwald & Zhiang (John) Lin & Mike W. Peng, 2016. "Board social capital and excess CEO returns," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(3), pages 498-520, March.
    5. Andrés, Pablo de & Arranz-Aperte, Laura, 2019. "Are European CEOs paid equally? A study of the UK-continental Europe pay gap," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 169-177.
    6. Igor Benati & Mario Coccia, 2017. "The relation between public manager compensation and members of parliament’s salary across OECD countries: explorative analysis and possible determinants with public policy implications," quaderni IRCrES 201702, CNR-IRCrES Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth - Moncalieri (TO) ITALY - former Institute for Economic Research on Firms and Growth - Torino (TO) ITALY.
    7. Chenli Yin & Dan Li & Maria Paz Salmador, 2022. "Institutional change of compensation policy and its impact on CEO turnover and firm performance," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(8), pages 2527-2552, November.
    8. Malul, Miki & Rosenboim, Mosi & Shapira, Daniel, 2021. "Are Very High Salaries Necessary for Achieving Economic Efficiency?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    9. Loureiro, Gilberto & Makhija, Anil K. & Zhang, Dan, 2020. "One dollar CEOs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 425-439.
    10. Atif, Muhammad & Huang, Allen & Liu, Benjamin, 2020. "The effect of say on pay on CEO compensation and spill-over effect on corporate cash holdings: Evidence from Australia," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    11. Abudy, Menachem (Meni) & Amiram, Dan & Rozenbaum, Oded & Shust, Efrat, 2020. "Do executive compensation contracts maximize firm value? Indications from a quasi-natural experiment," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    12. Colleen M. Boland & Corinna Ewelt-Knauer & Julia Schneider, 2022. "The gift that keeps on giving: corporate giving and excessive risk-taking," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 92(3), pages 355-396, April.
    13. John Thanassoulis, 2012. "The Case for Intervening in Bankers’ Pay," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(3), pages 849-895, June.
    14. Cronqvist, Henrik & Fahlenbrach, Rüdiger, 2013. "CEO contract design: How do strong principals do it?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(3), pages 659-674.
    15. Tian, Erxia & Zhong, Meihua & Sun, Mengna & Ma, Dong, 2024. "CEO “anomaly” compensation incentives and financial investment: Evidence from the SOEs of China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 359-377.
    16. Stacey Beaumont & Raluca Ratiu & David Reeb & Glenn Boyle & Philip Brown & Alexander Szimayer & Raymond Silva Rosa & David Hillier & Patrick McColgan & Athanasios Tsekeris & Bryan Howieson & Zoltan Ma, 2016. "Comments on Shan and Walter: ‘Towards a Set of Design Principles for Executive Compensation Contracts’," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 52(4), pages 685-771, December.
    17. Jiang, Haiyan & Hu, Yuanyuan & Su, Kun & Zhu, Yanhui, 2021. "Do government say-on-pay policies distort managers’ engagement in corporate social responsibility? Quasi-experimental evidence from China," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2).
    18. Shoham, Amir, 2012. "Managing multinational corporations through compensation: The risk-sharing contract method," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 64(3), pages 231-239.
    19. Li, Wentao & Wang, Xiaoke & Yu, Lisheng, 2024. "Executive pay restrictions, political promotion, and firm efficiency: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    20. Hasegawa, Nobuhisa & Kim, Hyonok & Yasuda, Yukihiro, 2017. "The adoption of stock option plans and their effects on firm performance during Japan’s period of corporate governance reform," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 13-25.

  6. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug & Christoph Schneider, 2010. "Bankers on the Boards of German Firms: What They Do, What They Are Worth, and Why They Are (Still) There," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 14(1), pages 35-71.

    Cited by:

    1. Elshandidy, Tamer & Shrives, Philip J., 2016. "Environmental Incentives for and Usefulness of Textual Risk Reporting: Evidence from Germany," The International Journal of Accounting, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 464-486.
    2. Bischoff, Oliver & Buchwald, Achim, 2015. "Horizontal and Vertical Firm Networks, Corporate Performance and Product Market Competition," MPRA Paper 63413, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Jasmin Joecks & Kerstin Pull & Katrin Scharfenkamp, 2023. "Women directors and firm innovation: The role of women directors' representative function," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 1203-1214, March.
    4. von Meyerinck, Felix & Oesch, David & Schmid, Markus, 2012. "Is Director Industry Experience Valuable?," Working Papers on Finance 1217, University of St. Gallen, School of Finance.
    5. Wenfei Li & Cen Wu & Liping Xu & Qingquan Tang, 2017. "Bank connections and the speed of leverage adjustment: evidence from China's listed firms," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 57(5), pages 1349-1381, December.
    6. Marc Eulerich & Christian Lohmann & Stefanie Haustein & Dirk Tunger, 2014. "Die Entwicklung der betriebswirtschaftlichen Corporate Governance-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum — Eine State of the Art-Analyse auf der Basis bibliometrischer Daten," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 66(7), pages 567-600, November.
    7. Omer Berkman & Shlomith D. Zuta, 2020. "The impact of audit committee expertise on auditor resources: the case of Israel," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 579-603, August.
    8. Christian Andres & André Betzer & Inga Bongard & Marc Goergen, 2019. "Dividend policy, corporate control and the tax status of the controlling shareholder," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 46(2), pages 157-189, June.
    9. Rapp, Marc Steffen & Schellong, Daniel A. & Schmidt, Maximilian & Wolff, Michael, 2010. "Considering the shareholder perspective: value-based management systems and stock market performance," CEFS Working Paper Series 2010-09, Technische Universität München (TUM), Center for Entrepreneurial and Financial Studies (CEFS).
    10. Padilla Angulo, Laura & Ben Slimane, Faten, 2025. "Women directors on traditionally male-dominated stock exchange boards: can they make a difference?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    11. Tristan Auvray & Olivier Brossard, 2013. "French connection: interlocking directorates and the ownership-control nexus in an insider governance system," Working Papers hal-00842582, HAL.
    12. Drago, Carlo & Millo, Francesco & Ricciuti, Roberto & Santella, Paolo, 2014. "Corporate Governance Reforms, Interlocking Directorship and Company Performance in Italy," MPRA Paper 59217, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Jasmin Joecks & Kerstin Pull & Karin Vetter, 2013. "Gender Diversity in the Boardroom and Firm Performance: What Exactly Constitutes a “Critical Mass?”," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 118(1), pages 61-72, November.
    14. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Buchwald, Achim & Stiebale, Joel, 2014. "Outside directors on the board and innovative firm performance," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(10), pages 1800-1815.
    15. Goergen, Marc & Limbach, Peter & Scholz, Meik, 2015. "Mind the gap: The age dissimilarity between the chair and the CEO," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 136-158.
    16. Biswas, Shreya & Kumar, Rajnish, 2022. "Bank board network and financial stability in emerging markets," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(PB).
    17. Custódio, Cláudia & Metzger, Daniel, 2014. "Financial expert CEOs: CEO׳s work experience and firm׳s financial policies," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 125-154.
    18. Fan, Rui & Ma, Lijun & Pan, Jianping & Yin, Sirui & Gao, Hao, 2022. "Financial institution shareholding and corporate innovation: Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 835-856.
    19. Saibal Ghosh, 2024. "Do bankers on board fulfill their role? Corporate social responsibility, environmental concerns and firm leverage," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 3297-3311, July.
    20. Liu, Chelsea, 2018. "Are women greener? Corporate gender diversity and environmental violations," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 118-142.
    21. Bedelev, Bogdan, 2023. "The more, the better? Diversification Trends in Executive and Supervisory Boards in Germany and their Potential Effects," Junior Management Science (JUMS), Junior Management Science e. V., vol. 8(3), pages 569-590.
    22. Bigus, Jochen & Weicker, Marina, 2024. "Relationship banking and firms’ earnings quality – Does it matter whether banks are creditors or owners?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    23. Lehmann, Erik, 2018. "Corporate governance," UO Working Papers 01-18, University of Augsburg, Chair of Management and Organization.
    24. Min Jung Kang & Y. Han (Andy) Kim & Qunfeng Liao, 2020. "Do bankers on the board reduce crash risk?," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 26(3), pages 684-723, June.
    25. Andres, Christian & Betzer, André & Goergen, Marc, 2011. "Dividend policy, corporate control and tax clienteles: The case of Germany," CFS Working Paper Series 2011/16, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    26. Guglielmo Barone & Litterio Mirenda & Sauro Mocetti, 2016. "Losing my connection: The role of interlocking directorates," Working Paper series 16-09, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
    27. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Buchwald, Achim & Peters, Heiko, 2009. "Auswirkungen von Mehrfachmandaten deutscher Vorstands- und Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender auf den Unternehmenserfolg," Working Papers 01/2009, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    28. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Bermig, Andreas & Dilger, Alexander, 2013. "Corporate governance and employee power in the boardroom: An applied game theoretic analysis," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 51-74.
    29. Allen N. Berger & Klaus Schaeck, 2011. "Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises, Bank Relationship Strength, and the Use of Venture Capital," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43(2‐3), pages 461-490, March.
    30. Li, Yunhe & Liu, Yu & Xie, Feixue, 2019. "Technology directors and firm innovation," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 76-88.
    31. Berg, Tatjana & Horsch, Philipp & Schmid, Markus, 2015. "Sharing a Director with a Peer," Working Papers on Finance 1507, University of St. Gallen, School of Finance.
    32. Bessler, Wolfgang & Vendrasco, Marco, 2022. "Corporate control and shareholder activism in Germany: An empirical analysis of hedge fund strategies," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    33. Nguyen, Bang Dang & Nielsen, Kasper Meisner, 2010. "The value of independent directors: Evidence from sudden deaths," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(3), pages 550-567, December.
    34. Ferreira, Daniel & Kirchmaier, Tom & Metzger, Daniel, 2011. "Boards of banks," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119078, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    35. Berger, Allen N. & Kick, Thomas & Schaeck, Klaus, 2014. "Executive board composition and bank risk taking," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 48-65.
    36. Aguilera, Ruth V. & Crespi-Cladera, Rafel, 2016. "Global corporate governance: On the relevance of firms’ ownership structure," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 50-57.
    37. Tran, Duc Hung, 2014. "Multiple corporate governance attributes and the cost of capital – Evidence from Germany," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 179-197.
    38. Ghosh, Saibal, 2016. "Banker on board and innovative activity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 4205-4214.
    39. Niu, Ruiyang & Chen, Lin & Jin, Liang & Xie, Guanghua & Zhao, Longfeng, 2024. "Does managerial bank relationship network matter corporate resilience? Evidence from the COVID-19 crisis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(PA), pages 855-877.
    40. Qurat Ul Ain & Xianghui Yuan & Hafiz Mustansar Javaid & Jinkai Zhao & Li Xiang, 2021. "Board Gender Diversity and Dividend Policy in Chinese Listed Firms," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440219, February.
    41. Liu, Chelsea, 2021. "CEO gender and employee relations: Evidence from labor lawsuits," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    42. Christian Engelen, 2015. "The effects of managerial discretion on moral hazard related behaviour: German evidence on agency costs," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 19(4), pages 927-960, November.
    43. Bertrand, Olivier & Betschinger, Marie-Ann, 2012. "Performance of domestic and cross-border acquisitions: Empirical evidence from Russian acquirers," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 413-437.
    44. Chauhan, Yogesh & Pathak, Rajesh & Kumar, Satish, 2018. "Do bank-appointed directors affect corporate cash holding?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 39-56.
    45. Tri Tri Nguyen & Chau Minh Duong & Nguyet Thi Minh Nguyen & Hung Quang Bui, 2020. "Accounting conservatism and banking expertise on board of directors," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 501-539, August.
    46. Arnaboldi, F. & Casu, B. & Gallo, A. & Kalotychou, E. & Sarkisyan, A., 2021. "Gender diversity and bank misconduct," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    47. Jing Li & Jiang Cheng, 2023. "Are female CEOs associated with lower insolvency risk? Evidence from the US property‐casualty insurance industry," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 90(4), pages 941-973, December.
    48. Ivan Diaz-Rainey & John Ashton & Maz Yap & Murat Genc & Rosalind Whiting, 2015. "The determinants of regulatory responses to risks from financial innovation: Survey evidence from G20," Working Papers 15001, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).
    49. Caiyu Yan & Rui Li & Juan Li & Min Zhang, 2026. "Multiple Large Shareholders and Controlling Shareholders' Equity Pledging," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 174-209, January.
    50. Masanori Orihara, 2023. "COVID-19: Firm Value and Pre-Existing Corporate Governance Regulations," Working Papers 2218, Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics.
    51. Drobetz, Wolfgang & von Meyerinck, Felix & Oesch, David & Schmid, Markus, 2014. "Board Industry Experience, Firm Value, and Investment Behavior," Working Papers on Finance 1401, University of St. Gallen, School of Finance, revised Dec 2015.
    52. Jeffrey Henderson & Magnus Feldmann & Nana de Graaff, 2021. "The Wind from the East: China and European Economic Development," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 52(5), pages 1047-1065, September.
    53. Alexander Merz, 2020. "Expensing performance-vested executive stock options: is there underreporting under IFRS 2?," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 90(3), pages 461-493, April.
    54. Andres, Christian & Fernau, Erik & Theissen, Erik, 2013. "Should I stay or should I go? Former CEOs as monitors," CFR Working Papers 12-02 [rev.], University of Cologne, Centre for Financial Research (CFR).
    55. Qinglu Jin & Hui Ma & Thomas Schmid & Guochang Zhang, 2025. "Employee Board Representation and Capital Investment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(8), pages 6707-6728, August.
    56. Günther, Nina & Gegenfurtner, Bernhard & Kaserer, Christoph & Achleitner, Ann-Kristin, 2009. "International financial reporting standards and earnings Quality: the myth of voluntary vs. mandatory adoption," CEFS Working Paper Series 2009-09, Technische Universität München (TUM), Center for Entrepreneurial and Financial Studies (CEFS).
    57. von Beschwitz, Bastian & Foos, Daniel, 2018. "Banks' equity stakes and lending: Evidence from a tax reform," Discussion Papers 06/2018, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    58. Kathrin Johansen & Saskia Laser & Doris Neuberger & Ettore Andreani, 2017. "Inside or outside control of banks? Evidence from the composition of supervisory boards," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 43(1), pages 31-58, February.
    59. Colvin, Christopher L. & de Jong, Abe & Fliers, Philip T., 2014. "Predicting the past: Understanding the causes of bank distress in the Netherlands in the 1920s," QUCEH Working Paper Series 14-04, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's University Centre for Economic History.
    60. Peter J Baldacchino & Jean Paul Abela & Norbert Tabone & Simon Grima, 2021. "Board of Director Diversity and Its Corporate Governance Implications in Maltese Equity-Listed Companies," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 11(4), pages 37-65.
    61. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Buchwald, Achim & Peters, Heiko, 2011. "Outside board memberships of CEOs: Expertise or entrenchment?," DICE Discussion Papers 26, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    62. Tristan Auvray & Olivier Brossard, 2016. "French connections: interlocking directorates and ownership network in an insider governance system," Post-Print hal-01372455, HAL.
    63. Cristi A. Gleason & Sascha Kieback & Martin Thomsen & Christoph Watrin, 2021. "Monitoring or payroll maximization? What happens when workers enter the boardroom?," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 1046-1087, September.
    64. Duran, Mihael, 2014. "Board directors’ preferences – What are good aggregation rules?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 84-90.
    65. Dilger, Alexander, 2012. "How (not) to pay non-executive directors," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 9/2012, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.
    66. Bessler, Wolfgang & Vendrasco, Marco, 2022. "Why do companies become hedge fund targets? Evidence from shareholder activism in Germany," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 47(PB).
    67. Andreani, Ettore & Dummann, Kathrin & Neuberger, Doris, 2009. "Composition of supervisory boards in Germany: Inside or outside control of banks?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 103, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    68. Buchwald, Achim, 2015. "Competition, outside directors and executive turnover: Implications for corporate governance in the EU," DICE Discussion Papers 174, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    69. Takahashi, Hidenori, 2015. "Dynamics of bank relationships in entrepreneurial finance," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 23-31.
    70. Andres, Christian & Fernau, Erik & Theissen, Erik, 2012. "Is it better to say goodbye? When former executives set executive pay," CFR Working Papers 12-02, University of Cologne, Centre for Financial Research (CFR).
    71. Wolfgang Bessler & Wolfgang Drobetz & Julian Holler, 2015. "The Returns to Hedge Fund Activism in Germany," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 21(1), pages 106-147, January.
    72. Jens Grigoleit & Michael Nippa & Thomas Steger, 2011. "Ökonomische Konse quenzen der Mitgliedschaft ehemaliger Vorstandsmitglieder im Aufsichtsrat: Eine empirische Analyse," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 63(6), pages 578-608, September.
    73. Buchwald, Achim, 2012. "Welche Unternehmen berufen Vorstandsvorsitzende und andere Vorstände als externe Kontrolleure? Eine empirische Analyse der Präsenz von externen Vorständen in den Aufsichtsräten deutscher Grossunternehmen," Die Unternehmung - Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 66(2), pages 93-126.
    74. Elmar Gerum & Sascha H. Mölls & Chunqian Shen, 2018. "Corporate governance, capital market orientation and firm performance: empirical evidence for large publicly traded German corporations," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 88(2), pages 203-252, February.
    75. Balsmeier Benjamin & Buchwald Achim & Peters Heiko, 2010. "Auswirkungen von Mehrfachmandaten deutscher Vorstands- und Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender auf den Unternehmenserfolg / The Impact of Multiple Board Memberships of CEOs and Chairmen of Supervisory Boards on Corporate Performance in Germany," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 230(5), pages 547-570, October.
    76. Jadiyappa, Nemiraja & Hickman, L. Emily & Shrivastav, Santosh Kumar & Rajpal, Hanish & Kaur, Navneet, 2024. "Bank-affiliated directors' monitoring, earnings management, and financial reporting quality in emerging markets: Evidence from India," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    77. Sebastian Böhm, 2012. "The Effects of Factor Market Integration on the Macroeconomic Development in Unified Germany," DEGIT Conference Papers c017_023, DEGIT, Dynamics, Economic Growth, and International Trade.
    78. Rieck, Christian & Bendig, Helena & Hünnemeyer, Julius & Nitzsche, Lisa, 2012. "Diversität im Aufsichtsrat: Studie über die Zusammensetzung deutscher Aufsichtsräte," Working Paper Series 01, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Business and Law.
    79. Hilscher, Jens & Şişli-Ciamarra, Elif, 2013. "Conflicts of interest on corporate boards: The effect of creditor-directors on acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 140-158.
    80. Emma García-Meca & Felix López-Iturriaga & Fernando Tejerina-Gaite, 2017. "Institutional Investors on Boards: Does Their Behavior Influence Corporate Finance?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 146(2), pages 365-382, December.
    81. Qin, Xiao & Wang, Ze, 2023. "Share pledge financing network and systemic risks: Evidence from China," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    82. Ruhnke, Carsten S., 2022. "Implications of the Creditors' Influence on Corporate Decisions," Junior Management Science (JUMS), Junior Management Science e. V., vol. 7(1), pages 150-184.
    83. Allen N. Berger & Klaus Schaeck, 2011. "Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Bank Relationship Strength, and the Use of Venture Capital," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43, pages 461-490, March.
    84. Vikas Mehrotra & Randall Morck, 2017. "Governance and Stakeholders," NBER Working Papers 23460, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    85. Guglielmo Barone & Litterio Mirenda & Sauro Mocetti, 2021. "Losing My Connection: The Dark Side of Bank–Firm Interlocking Directorates," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 88(350), pages 474-498, April.
    86. Böhm, Sebastian, 2015. "Regional economic integration and factor mobility in unified Germany," FSES Working Papers 463, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Freiburg/Fribourg Switzerland.
    87. Stefan Petry, 2018. "Mandatory Worker Representation on the Board and Its Effect on Shareholder Wealth," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 47(1), pages 25-54, March.

  7. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug & Oliver Spalt, 2010. "Sticks or Carrots? Optimal CEO Compensation when Managers Are Loss Averse," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 65(6), pages 2015-2050, December.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  8. Ingolf Dittmann & Niels Ulbricht, 2008. "Timing and Wealth Effects of German Dual Class Stock Unifications," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 14(1), pages 163-196, January.

    Cited by:

    1. Yafeh, Yishay & Lauterbach, Beni, 2009. "Long Term Changes in Voting Power and Control Structure following the Unification of Dual Class Shares," CEPR Discussion Papers 7287, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    2. Bigelli, Marco & Mehrotra, Vikas & Rau, P. Raghavendra, 2011. "Why are shareholders not paid to give up their voting privileges? Unique evidence from Italy," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 1619-1635.
    3. Ghosh, Chinmoy & Hilliard, James & Petrova, Milena & Phani, B.V., 2016. "Economic consequences of deregulation: Evidence from the removal of voting cap in Indian banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(S), pages 19-38.
    4. Bortolon, Patrícia M. & Câmara Leal, Ricardo P., 2014. "Dual-class unifications and corporate governance in Brazil," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 89-108.
    5. Ansari, Iram Fatima & Goergen, Marc & Mira, Svetlana, 2014. "The determinants of the CEO successor choice in family firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 6-25.
    6. Betzer, André & van den Bongard, Inga & Goergen, Marc, 2017. "Index membership vs. loss of voting power: The unification of dual-class shares," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 140-153.
    7. Chemmanur, Thomas J. & Jiao, Yawen, 2012. "Dual class IPOs: A theoretical analysis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 305-319.
    8. Carow, Kenneth A. & Cox, Steven R. & Roden, Dianne M., 2009. "Demutualization: Determinants and consequences of the mutual holding company choice," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 1454-1463, August.
    9. Bigelli, Marco & Croci, Ettore, 2013. "Dividend privileges and the value of voting rights: Evidence from Italy," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 94-107.
    10. Odegaard, Bernt Arne, 2007. "Price differences between equity classes. Corporate control, foreign ownership or liquidity?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 3621-3645, December.
    11. Achleitner, Ann-Kristin & Braun, Reiner & Kaserer, Christoph & Jarchow, Svenja & Keppler, Henry & Szewczyk, Justin, 2019. "Börsennotierte Familienunternehmen in Deutschland: Bedeutung, Merkmale, Performance," Studien, Stiftung Familienunternehmen / Foundation for Family Businesses, number 250033.
    12. Caprio, Lorenzo & Croci, Ettore, 2008. "The determinants of the voting premium in Italy: The evidence from 1974 to 2003," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(11), pages 2433-2443, November.

  9. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug & Christoph Schneider, 2008. "How Preussag Became TUI: A Clinical Study of Institutional Blockholders and Restructuring in Europe," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 37(3), pages 571-598, September.

    Cited by:

    1. Angélica María Sánchez-Riofrío & Luis Ángel Guerras-Martín & Francisco Javier Forcadell, 2015. "Business portfolio restructuring: a comprehensive bibliometric review," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 102(3), pages 1921-1950, March.
    2. Bremert, Michael & Schulten, Axel, 2008. "The impact of supervisory board characteristics on form performance," Papers 08-33, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    3. Schönhaar, Sebastian, 2013. "Uncovering business portfolio transformation processes: Development of a metric to measure and quantify business portfolio transformations," Freiberg Working Papers 2013/01, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    4. François-Xavier Delaloye & Michel Habib & Alexandre Ziegler, 2012. "Swiss banking secrecy: the stock market evidence," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 26(1), pages 143-176, March.
    5. Veronique Bessiere & Michael Kaestner & Anne-Laurence Lafont, 2011. "Hedge fund activism: insights from a French clinical study," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(16), pages 1225-1234.
    6. Hildebrandt, Peter & Oehmichen, Jana & Pidun, Ulrich & Wolff, Michael, 2018. "Multiple recipes for success – A configurational examination of business portfolio restructurings," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 381-391.

  10. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug, 2007. "Lower Salaries and No Options? On the Optimal Structure of Executive Pay," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(1), pages 303-343, February.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  11. Ingolf Dittmann, 2006. "The Optimal Use of Fines and Imprisonment If Governments Do Not Maximize Welfare," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 8(4), pages 677-695, October.

    Cited by:

    1. Neumärker, Bernhard & Pech, Gerald, 2010. "Penalties in the theory of equilibrium tax evasion: Solving King John's problem," The Constitutional Economics Network Working Papers 01-2010, University of Freiburg, Department of Economic Policy and Constitutional Economic Theory.
    2. Yahagi, Ken & Yamaguchi, Yohei, 2023. "Law enforcement with rent-seeking government under voting pressure," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    3. Bernhard Neumärker & Gerald Pech, 2011. "Penalties in the Theory of Equilibrium Tax Evasion: Solving King John’s Problem," Public Finance Review, , vol. 39(1), pages 5-24, January.
    4. D’Antoni, Massimo & Galbiati, Roberto, 2007. "A signaling theory of nonmonetary sanctions," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 204-218.
    5. Chiappinelli, Olga, 2016. "Political corruption in the execution of public contracts," MPRA Paper 73487, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Celik, Gorkem & Sayan, Serdar, 2005. "To Give In or Not To Give In To Bribery? Setting the Optimal Fines for Violations of Rules when the Enforcers are Likely to Ask for Bribes," Microeconomics.ca working papers celik-05-08-03-12-50-26, Vancouver School of Economics, revised 06 Aug 2008.
    7. Gorkem Celik & Serdar Sayan, 2008. "On the optimality of nonmaximal fines in the presence of corruptible law enforcers," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, vol. 12(3), pages 209-227, September.
    8. Eric Langlais & Marie Obidzinski, 2013. "Elected vs appointed public law enforcers," Working Papers 2013-06, CRESE.
    9. Yahagi, Ken, 2021. "Law enforcement with motivated agents," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    10. Wielhouwer, Jacco L., 2013. "When is public enforcement of insider trading regulations effective?," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 52-60.
    11. Alice Guerra & Tore Nilssen, 2023. "Optimal sentencing with recurring crimes and adjudication errors," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 139(1), pages 33-42, June.
    12. Ken Yahagi, 2018. "Private law enforcement with competing groups," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 285-297, August.

  12. Ingolf Dittmann & Ernst Maug & Johannes Kemper, 2004. "How Fundamental are Fundamental Values? Valuation Methods and their Impact on the Performance of German Venture Capitalists," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 10(4), pages 609-638, December.

    Cited by:

    1. M. Knockaert & D. Ucbasaran & M. Wright & B. Clarysse, 2009. "How does Tacit Knowledge Transfer Influence Innovation Speed? The Case of Science Based Entrepreneurial Firms," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 09/554, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    2. Tarek Miloud & Arild Aspelund & Mathieu Cabrol, 2012. "Startup valuation by venture capitalists: an empirical study," Post-Print hal-00951664, HAL.
    3. Richard B. Carter & Howard Van Auken, 2007. "Capital Acquisition Attitudes: Gender and Experience," Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Pepperdine University, Graziadio School of Business and Management, vol. 12(2), pages 55-74, Fall.
    4. Sherrill Shaffer, 2008. "Earnings Valuation and Sources of Growth," CAMA Working Papers 2008-32, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    5. Erik E. Lehmann, 2004. "Does Venture Capital Syndication Spur Employment Growth and Shareholder Value? Evidence from German IPO Data," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2004-21, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group.
    6. Tarek Miloud & Arild Aspelund & Mathieu Cabrol, 2012. "Startup valuation by venture capitalists: an empirical study," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2-3), pages 151-174, February.
    7. Christian Diller & Christoph Kaserer, 2009. "What Drives Private Equity Returns?– Fund Inflows, Skilled GPs, and/or Risk?," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 15(3), pages 643-675, June.
    8. Paula Hill & David Hillier, 2009. "Market Feedback, Investment Constraints, and Managerial Behavior," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 15(3), pages 584-605, June.
    9. Andreas Köhn, 2018. "The determinants of startup valuation in the venture capital context: a systematic review and avenues for future research," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 68(1), pages 3-36, February.
    10. Stefano Caselli & Stefano Gatti & Francesco Perrini, 2009. "Are Venture Capitalists a Catalyst for Innovation?," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 15(1), pages 92-111, January.
    11. Syed Babar Ali & Manzoor A.Khalidi, 2020. "Valuation of Equity Securities, Private Firms, and Startups," IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Ilma University, Faculty of Management Science, vol. 16(1), pages 125-140.
    12. Pavlova, Elitsa & Signore, Simone, 2019. "The European venture capital landscape: an EIF perspective. Volume V: The economic impact of VC investments supported by the EIF," EIF Working Paper Series 2019/55, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    13. Tarek Miloud & Mathieu Cabrol, 2011. "Les facteurs stratégiques influençant l'évaluation des start-ups par les capitaux-risqueurs," Post-Print hal-00951565, HAL.
    14. Mirjam Knockaert & Deniz Ucbasaran & Mike Wright & Bart Clarysse, 2011. "The Relationship Between Knowledge Transfer, Top Management Team Composition, and Performance: The Case of Science–Based Entrepreneurial Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(4), pages 777-803, July.
    15. Strese, Steffen & Gebhard, Philipp & Feierabend, David & Brettel, Malte, 2018. "Entrepreneurs' perceived exit performance: Conceptualization and scale development," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 351-370.
    16. Imbierowicz, Björn & Rauch, Christian, 2024. "What drives startup valuations?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    17. Dittmann, Ingolf & Weiner, Christian, 2005. "Selecting comparables for the valuation of European firms," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2005-002, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.
    18. Max Berre & Benjamin Le Pendeven, 2023. "What do we know about startup-valuation drivers? A systematic literature review 1," Post-Print hal-04232855, HAL.
    19. Block, Joern H. & De Vries, Geertjan & Schumann, Jan H. & Sandner, Philipp, 2014. "Trademarks and venture capital valuation," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 525-542.

  13. Ingolf Dittmann, 2004. "Error Correction Models for Fractionally Cointegrated Time Series," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(1), pages 27-32, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  14. Dittmann, Ingolf & Granger, Clive W. J., 2002. "Properties of nonlinear transformations of fractionally integrated processes," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 110(2), pages 113-133, October.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  15. Ingolf Dittmann, 2001. "Fractional cointegration of voting and non-voting shares," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(3), pages 321-332.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  16. Ingolf Dittmann, 2000. "Residual‐Based Tests For Fractional Cointegration: A Monte Carlo Study," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(6), pages 615-647, November.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  17. Dittmann, Ingolf, 1999. "How reliable should auditors be?: optimal monitoring in principal-agent relationships," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 523-546, September.

    Cited by:

    1. Meijerink, Gerdien W., 2007. "If services aren't delivered, people won't pay: the role of measurement problems and monitoring in Payments for Environmental Services," 106th Seminar, October 25-27, 2007, Montpellier, France 7948, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Alexander Wagner, 2011. "Loyalty and competence in public agencies," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 146(1), pages 145-162, January.
    3. Lulfesmann, Christoph, 2002. "Partial monitoring, adverse selection, and the internal efficiency of the firm," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 20(8), pages 1097-1118, October.
    4. Roger Meuwissen & Reiner Quick, 2009. "Abschlussprüfung und Beratung - Eine experimentelle Analyse der Auswirkungen auf Unabhängigkeitswahrnehmungen deutscher Aufsichtsräte," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 61(4), pages 382-415, June.
    5. Anke S. Kessler, 2004. "Optimal Auditing in Hierarchical Relationships," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 160(2), pages 210-231, June.

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