This file is part of IDEAS, which uses RePEc data


[ Papers | Articles | Software | Books | Chapters | Authors | Institutions | JEL Classification | NEP reports | Search | New papers by email | Author registration | Rankings | Volunteers | FAQ | Blog | Help! ]

Citations for "Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?"

by Alberto Alesina & David Dollar

For a complete description of this item, click here.
Cited by (explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.):
  1. Axel Dreher & Florian Mölders & Peter Nunnenkamp, 2007. "Are NGOs the Better Donors? A Case Study of Aid Allocation for Sweden," Working papers 07-180, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. KASUGA Hidefumi, 2007. "The Millennium Development Goals and Aid Allocation: Which donors give high-quality aid?," Discussion papers 07050, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
  3. James L. Butkiewicz & Halit Yanikkaya, 2003. "An Assessment of the Effectiveness of International Financial Intervention," Working Papers 03-05, University of Delaware, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  4. Alberto Alesina & Beatrice Weder, 2002. "Do Corrupt Governments Receive Less Foreign Aid?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(4), pages 1126-1137, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Meyer, Wolfgang & Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis, 1999. "The Politics Of Foreign Aid," Working Papers 04-1999, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  6. Javed Younas & Subhayu Bandyopadhyay, 2007. "Do donors care about declining trade revenues from liberalization? an analysis of aid allocation," Working Papers 2007-028, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. [Downloadable!]
  7. Sergio Tezanos Vazquez (ICEI and QEH), . "The Geographical Allocation Pattern of Spanish Official Development Assistance," QEH Working Papers qehwps152, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford. [Downloadable!]
  8. Denis Cogneau & David Naudet, 2005. "Who deserves aid? Equality of opportunity, international aid and poverty reduction," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 110, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  9. Ratha, Dilip, 2001. "Demand for World Bank lending," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2652, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  10. Raghbendra Jha & T. Palanivel, 2007. "Resource Augmentation for Meeting the Millennium Development Goals in the Asia Pacific Region," Departmental Working Papers 2007-02, Australian National University, Economics RSPAS. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  11. Raghuram Rajan & Arvind Subramanian, 2005. "Aid and Growth: What Does the Cross-Country Evidence Really Show?," IMF Working Papers 05/127, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  12. Subhayu Bandyopadhyay & Howard J. Wall, 2006. "The determinants of aid in the post-cold war era," Working Papers 2006-021, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  13. Alberto Chong & Mark Gradstein, 2006. "Who’s Afraid of Foreign Aid? The Donors’ Perspective," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo GmbH. [Downloadable!]
  14. Peter Nunnenkamp & Janina Weingarth & Johannes Weisser, 2008. "Is NGO Aid Not So Different After All? Comparing the Allocation of Swiss Aid by Private and Official Donors," Kiel Working Papers 1405, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  15. Peter Hjertholm & Howard White, 2000. "Survey of Foreign Aid: History, Trends and Allocation," Discussion Papers 00-04, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  16. David Roodman, 2004. "An Index of Donor Performance," Development and Comp Systems 0412004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  17. Alesina, Alberto F & Angeloni, Ignazio & Schuknecht, Ludger, 2002. "What Does the European Union Do?," CEPR Discussion Papers 3115, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  18. Dean Yang, 2006. "Coping with Disaster: The Impact of Hurricanes on International Financial Flows, 1970-2002," NBER Working Papers 12794, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Maija Halonen-Akatwijuka, 2007. "Coordination Failure in Foreign Aid," Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy, Berkeley Electronic Press, vol. 7(1), pages 1616-1616. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. Coviello, Decio & Islam, Roumeen, 2006. "Does aid help improve economic institutions ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3990, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  21. Jonathan Munemo & Subhayu Bandyopadhyay & Arabinda Basistha, 2006. "Foreign Aid and Export Performance: A Panel Data Analysis of Developing Countries," Working Papers 06-10, Department of Economics, West Virginia University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  22. Hendrik P. van Dalen, . "Who carries the Burden of Reproductive Health and AIDS Programs? - Evidence from OECD Donor Countries," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 06-004/1, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  23. Ralf Hepp, 2005. "Consequences of Debt Relief Initiatives in the 1990s," International Finance 0510004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  24. Michael A. Clemens & Steven Radelet & Rikhil Bhavnani, 2004. "Counting chickens when they hatch: The short-term effect of aid on growth," International Finance 0407010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  25. Smita Wagh & Sanjeev Gupta & Catherine A. Pattillo, 2006. "Are Donor Countries Giving More or Less Aid?," IMF Working Papers 06/1, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  26. Börner, Kira, 2004. "Political Economy Reasons for Government Inertia: The Role of Interest Groups in the Case of Access to Medicines," Discussion Papers in Economics 313, University of Munich, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  27. Pol Antràs & Gerard Padró i Miquel, 2008. "Foreign Influence and Welfare," NBER Working Papers 14129, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  28. Boriana Yontcheva & Nadia Masud, 2005. "Does Foreign Aid Reduce Poverty? Empirical Evidence from Nongovernmental and Bilateral Aid," IMF Working Papers 05/100, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  29. Fleck, Robert K. & Kilby, Christopher & Fleck, Robert K., 2001. "World Bank Independence: A Model and Statistical Analysis of U.S. Influence," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 53, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  30. Thierry Tressel & Alessandro Prati, 2006. "Aid Volatility and Dutch Disease: Is There a Role for Macroeconomic Policies?," IMF Working Papers 06/145, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  31. Riccardo Faini, . "Foreign aid and fiscal policy," Development Working Papers 212, Centro Studi Luca d\'Agliano, University of Milano. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  32. Tanweer Akram, 2003. "The international foreign aid regime: who gets foreign aid and how much?," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 35(11), pages 1351-1356, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  33. Rodney Ramcharan, 2004. "Debt Hold Up and International Lending," Econometric Society 2004 North American Summer Meetings 341, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
  34. Philipp Harms & Heinrich Ursprung, 2001. "Do Civil and Political Repression Really Boost Foreign Direct Investments?," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo GmbH. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  35. Collier, Paul & Hoeffler, Anke, 2002. "Aid, policy, and growth in post-conflict societies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2902, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  36. Chauvin, Nicolas Depetris & Kraay, Aart, 2006. "Who gets debt relief ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4000, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  37. Axel Dreher & Jan-Egbert Sturm, 2006. "Do IMF and World Bank Influence Voting in the UN General Assembly?," Working papers 06-137, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  38. Eric Neumayer, 2004. "Own interest and foreign need: Are bilateral investment treaty programmes similar to aid allocation?," International Finance 0412005, EconWPA, revised 29 Nov 2005. [Downloadable!]
  39. Giulio Federico, 2004. "Samaritans, Rotten Kids and Policy Conditionality," Development and Comp Systems 0409004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  40. Rodney Ramcharan, 2002. "How Does Conditional Aid (Not) Work?," IMF Working Papers 02/183, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  41. Robert J. Barro & Jong-Wha Lee, 2002. "IMF Programs: Who is Chosen and What Are the Effects?," NBER Working Papers 8951, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  42. Denis Cogneau & Jean-David Naudet, 2004. "Who deserves aid? Equality of opportunity,international aid and poverty reduction," Working Papers DT/2004/10, DIAL (Développement, Institutions & Analyses de Long terme). [Downloadable!]
  43. Burnside, Craig & Dollar, David, 2004. "Aid, policies, and growth : revisiting the evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3251, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  44. Jean-Claude Berthélemy, 2004. "Bilateralism and multilateralism in official development assistance policies," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla04104, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1). [Downloadable!]
  45. Thomas Barnebeck Andersen & Henrik Hansen & Thomas Markussen, 2004. "US Politics and World Bank IDA-Lending," Discussion Papers 05-06, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics, revised May 2005. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  46. Espen Villanger, 2003. "Company influence on foreign aid disbursement: Is conditionality credible when donors have mixed motives?," CMI Working Papers WP 2003:4, CMI (Chr. Michelsen Institute), Bergen, Norway. [Downloadable!]
  47. KIMURA Hidemi & TODO Yasuyuki, 2007. "Is Foreign Aid a Vanguard of FDI? A Gravity-Equation Approach," Discussion papers 07007, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
  48. Fleck, Robert K. & Kilby, Christopher, 2005. "How Do Political Changes Influence U.S. Bilateral Aid Allocations? Evidence from Panel Data," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 67, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  49. Sajal Lahiri & Pascalis Raimondos-Møller, 1999. "Lobbying by Ethnic Groups and Aid Allocation," EPRU Working Paper Series 99-05, Economic Policy Research Unit (EPRU), University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics, revised Oct 2003. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  50. Axel Dreher & Peter Nunnenkamp & Rainer Thiele, 2006. "Does US Aid Buy UN General Assembly Votes? A Disaggregated Analysis," Kiel Working Papers 1275, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  51. Philipp Harms & Michael Rauber, 2004. "Foreign aid and developing countries' creditworthiness," Working Papers 04.05, Swiss National Bank, Study Center Gerzensee. [Downloadable!]
  52. J. Atsu Amegashie & Bazoumana Ouattara & Eric Strobl, 2007. "Moral Hazard and the Composition of Transfers: Theory with an Application to Foreign Aid," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo GmbH. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  53. Benedict J. Clements & Sanjeev Gupta & Erwin Tiongson, 2003. "Foreign Aid and Consumption Smoothing: Evidence from Global Food Aid," IMF Working Papers 03/40, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  54. Halonen-Akatwijuka, Maija, 2004. "Coordination failure in foreign aid," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3223, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  55. Sanjay Jain, 2007. "Project Assistance versus Budget Support: An Incentive-Theoretic Analysis of Aid Conditionality," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 143(4), pages 694-719, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  56. Hulya Ulku & Tito Cordella, 2004. "Grants Versus Loans," IMF Working Papers 04/161, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  57. Alessandro Missale & Silvia Marchesi, 2004. "What does motivate lending and aid to the HIPCs?," International Finance 0411006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  58. Casey B.Mulligan & Ricard Gil, 2002. "Social spending and democracy: some evidence from South America," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 29(1 Year 20), pages 5-33, June. [Downloadable!]
  59. Serkan Arslanalp & Peter Blair Henry, 2004. "Helping the Poor to Help Themselves: Debt Relief or Aid," NBER Working Papers 10230, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  60. Muhammed Islam, 2005. "Regime changes, economic policies and the effect of aid on growth," The Journal of Development Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 41(8), pages 1467-1492, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  61. Laura Alfaro & Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan & Vadym Volosovych, 2005. "Capital Flows in a Globalized World: The Role of Policies and Institutions," NBER Working Papers 11696, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  62. Michel A. Robe & Stephane Pallage, 2000. "Foreign Aid And The Business Cycle," Computing in Economics and Finance 2000 107, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  63. Silvia Marchesi & Alessandro Missale, 2007. "How defensive were lending and aid to HIPC?," Working Papers 115, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised 2007. [Downloadable!]
  64. Casey B. Mulligan & Ricard Gil & Xavier Sala-i-Martin, 2002. "Social Security and democracy," Discussion Papers 0102-63, Columbia University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  65. Birdsall, Nancy & Claessens, Stijn & Diwan, Ishac, 2002. "Will HIPC Matter? The Debt Game and Donor Behaviour in Africa," CEPR Discussion Papers 3297, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  66. Claessens, Stijn & Underhill, Geoffrey R D, 2005. "The Need for Institutional Changes in the Global Financial System: An Analytical Framework," CEPR Discussion Papers 4970, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  67. Almuth Scholl, 2005. "Aid Effectiveness and Limited Enforceable Conditionality," SFB 649 Discussion Papers SFB649DP2005-054, Sonderforschungsbereich 649, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, revised Aug 2005. [Downloadable!]
  68. Paul A. Raschky & Manijeh Schwindt, . "Aid, Catastrophes and the Samaritan's Dilemma," Working Papers 2008-06, Faculty of Economics and Statistics, University of Innsbruck. [Downloadable!]
  69. Jean-Claude Berthélemy, 2005. "Bilateral donors' interest vs. Recipients' development motives in aid allocation : do all donors behave the same ?," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla05001, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1). [Downloadable!]
  70. Axel Dreher & Bernhard Boockmann, 2007. "Do Human Rights Offenders Oppose Human Rights Resolutions in the United Nations?," Working papers 07-163, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. [Downloadable!]
  71. Dirk-Jan Koch & Axel Dreher & Peter Nunnenkamp & Rainer Thiele, 2008. "Keeping a Low Profile: What Determines the Allocation of Aid by Non-Governmental Organizations?," Kiel Working Papers 1406, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  72. Philipp Harms & Matthias Lutz, 2004. "The Macroeconomic Effects of Foreign Aid: A Survey," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2004 2004-11, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
  73. Boriana Yontcheva & Gilles Nancy, 2006. "Does NGO Aid Go to the Poor? Empirical Evidence from Europe," IMF Working Papers 06/39, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  74. Eric Neumayer & Richard Perkins, 2004. "Uneven geographies of organizational practice: explaining the cross-national transfer and adoption of ISO 9000," Industrial Organization 0403006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  75. Ratha, Dilip, 2001. "Complementarity between multilateral lending and private flows to developing countries : some empirical results," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2746, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  76. Eric Neumayer, 2003. "Bogus Refugees? The Determinants of Asylum Migration to Western Europe," Labor and Demography 0311002, EconWPA, revised 18 Feb 2004. [Downloadable!]
  77. Heckelman, Jac & Knack, Stephen, 2005. "Foreign aid and market-liberalizing reform," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3557, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  78. Espen Villanger, 2003. "Company interests and foreign aid policy: Playing donors out against each other," CMI Working Papers WP 2003:5, CMI (Chr. Michelsen Institute), Bergen, Norway. [Downloadable!]
  79. Hans-Rimbert Hemmer & Andreas Lorenz, 2003. "What determines the success or failure of german bilateral financial aid?," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 139(3), pages 507-549, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  80. Rodney Ramcharan, 2004. "Debt “Hold Up†and International Lending," Econometric Society 2004 Far Eastern Meetings 462, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
  81. Stéphane Pallage & Michel A. Robe & Catherine Bérubé, 2006. "The Potential of Foreign Aid as Insurance," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan Journals, vol. 53(3), pages 5. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  82. Kilby, Christopher, 2005. "Donor Influence in MDBs: the Case of the Asian Development Bank," Vassar College Department of Economics Working Paper Series 70, Vassar College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  83. Adrian Wood (QEH), . "Looking ahead optimally in allocating aid," QEH Working Papers qehwps137, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford. [Downloadable!]
  84. Laura Metzger & Peter Nunnenkamp & Toman Omar Mahmoud, 2008. "Does Corporate Aid Really Help Fighting Worldwide Poverty? A Case Study of Nestlé's Aid Allocation," Kiel Working Papers 1414, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  85. Dollar, David & Levin, Victoria, 2004. "Increasing selectivity of foreign aid, 1984-2002," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3299, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  86. Wolfgang Mayer & Pascalis Raimondos-Møller, . "The Politics of Foreign Aid," EPRU Working Paper Series 99-07, Economic Policy Research Unit (EPRU), University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  87. Eric Neumayer, 2005. "Is the Allocation of Food Aid Free from Donor Interest Bias?," The Journal of Development Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 41(3), pages 394-411, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  88. A. Dalmazzo & Guido De Blasio, 2001. "Resources and Incentives to Reform: A Model and Some Evidence on Sub-Saharan African Countries," IMF Working Papers 01/86, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  89. Omotunde Johnson, 2004. "How will good economic policy environments emerge in Africa?," Journal of Policy Reform, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 7(3), pages 151-164, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  90. Claessens, Stijn & Cassimon, Danny & Campenhout, Bjorn van, 2007. "Empirical Evidence on the New International Aid Architecture," Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Göttingen 2007 2, Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  91. Peter Nunnenkamp & Gustavo Canavire & Luis Triveño, 2004. "Targeting Aid to the Needy and Deserving: Nothing But Promises?," Kiel Working Papers 1229, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  92. Espen Villanger, 2004. "Powerful donors and foreign policy: The role of multilateral financial institutions," CMI Working Papers WP 2004: 12, CMI (Chr. Michelsen Institute), Bergen, Norway. [Downloadable!]
  93. Tito Cordella & Giovanni Dell'Ariccia, 2002. "Limits of Conditionality in Poverty Reduction Programs," IMF Working Papers 02/115, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  94. J Harrigan & C Wang, 2004. "A New Approach to the Allocation of Aid Among Developing Countries: Is the USA more Selfish than the Rest?," The School of Economics Discussion Paper Series 0412, Economics, The University of Manchester. [Downloadable!]
  95. Hendrik P. van Dalen & Mieke Reuser, 2005. "What Drives Donor Funding in Population Assistance Programs?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 05-062/1, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  96. Collier, Paul & Dehn, Jan, 2001. "Aid, shocks, and growth," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2688, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  97. Matteo Bobba & Andrew Powell, 2007. "Aid and Growth: Politics Matters?," RES Working Papers 1027, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department. [Downloadable!]
  98. Jim Rose & Simon Hay, 2001. "Three Steps Towards More Effective Development Assistance," Treasury Working Paper Series 01/26, New Zealand Treasury. [Downloadable!]
  99. Wolff, Hendrik & Chong, Howard & Auffhammer, Maximilian, 2008. "Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index," IZA Discussion Papers 3346, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  100. Dreher, Axel & Sturm, Jan-Egbert & Vreeland, James Raymond, 2007. "Does membership on the UN Security Council influence IMF decisions? Evidence from panel data," Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Göttingen 2007 4, Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  101. Carl-Johan Dalgaard & Henrik Hansen & Finn Tarp, 2001. "On the Empirics of Foreign Aid and Growth," EPRU Working Paper Series 03-13, Economic Policy Research Unit (EPRU), University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics, revised Sep 2003. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  102. Matthias Lutz & Philipp Harms, 2004. "Aid, governance, and private foreign investment: some puzzling findings and a possible explanation," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2003 57, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  103. Patrick GUILLAUMONT & Sylviane GUILLAUMONT JEANNENEY & Jacky AMPROU, 2006. "Aid Selectivity According to Augmented Criteria," Working Papers 200616, CERDI. [Downloadable!]
  104. David Roodman, 2006. "Competitive Proliferation of Aid Projects: A Model," Working Papers 89, Center for Global Development. [Downloadable!]
  105. Dalgaard, Carl-Johan & Olsson, Ola, 2006. "Windfall Gains, Political Economy, and Economic Development," Working Papers in Economics 223, Göteborg University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
Did you know? IDEAS also indexes books.

This page was last updated on 2008-8-19.

This information is provided to you by IDEAS at the Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut using RePEc data on a server sponsored by the Society for Economic Dynamics.