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Guo Xu

Not to be confused with: Xu Guo

Citations

Many of the citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc, where a more detailed citation analysis can be found. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. See under "Corrections" how you can help improve the citation analysis.

Wikipedia or ReplicationWiki mentions

(Only mentions on Wikipedia that link back to a page on a RePEc service)

    Mentioned in:

    1. Growth Accelerations Revisited (EJW 2011) in ReplicationWiki ()
  1. Guo Xu, 2018. "The Costs of Patronage: Evidence from the British Empire," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(11), pages 3170-3198, November.

    Mentioned in:

    1. The Costs of Patronage: Evidence from the British Empire (AER 2018) in ReplicationWiki ()

Working papers

  1. Abhay Aneja & Silvia Farina & Guo Xu, 2024. "Beyond the War: Public Service and the Transmission of Gender Norms," NBER Working Papers 32639, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. González, Felipe & Prem, Mounu & von Dessauer, Cristine, 2024. "Empowerment or Indoctrination? Female Training Programs under Dictatorship," IZA Discussion Papers 17163, IZA Network @ LISER.
    2. Buckles, Kasey & Haws, Adrian & Price, Joseph & Wilbert, Haley E.B., 2025. "Breakthroughs in historical record linking using genealogy data: The Census Tree project," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).

  2. Xu, Guo & Bertrand, Marianne & Burgess, Robin, 2023. "Organization of the state: home assignment and bureaucrat performance," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119871, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    Cited by:

    1. Bo Cowgill & Jonathan M. V. Davis & B. Pablo Montagnes & Patryk Perkowski, 2025. "Stable Matching on the Job? Theory and Evidence on Internal Talent Markets," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(3), pages 2508-2526, March.
    2. Haus, Martin, 2026. "Breaking out of low-effort traps: bureaucratic leadership by persuasion," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 138865, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Jonathan L. Weigel & Elie Kabue Ngindu, 2023. "The taxman cometh: Pathways out of a low‐capacity trap in the Democratic Republic of the Congo," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(360), pages 1362-1396, October.
    4. Haus, Martin, 2025. "Breaking Out of Low-Effort Traps: Bureaucratic Leadership by Persuasion," SocArXiv 9zx5w_v1, Center for Open Science.
    5. León, Antonio & Santos, Kelly, 2026. "Political accountability and bureaucratic selection," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).

  3. Luis R. Martinez & Jonas Jessen & Guo Xu, 2022. "A Glimpse of Freedom: Allied Occupation and Political Resistance in East Germany," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 1176, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).

    Cited by:

    1. Jessen, Jonas, 2021. "Culture, Children and Couple Gender Inequality," VfS Annual Conference 2021 (Virtual Conference): Climate Economics 242388, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    2. Marcel Schlepper & Timo Wochner, 2026. "Economic Development in the Shadow of War," CESifo Working Paper Series 12915, CESifo.
    3. Vlad Surdea‐Hernea, 2025. "Attack on Climate: The Persistent Effects of Authoritarianism on Climate Policy Equilibria," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(3), pages 719-739, July.
    4. Jakub Grossmann & Stepan Jurajda & Felix Roesel, 2021. "Forced Migration, Staying Minorities, and New Societies: Evidence from Post-war Czechoslovakia," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp683, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    5. Christian Ochsner, 2023. "Hostility, Population Sorting, and Backwardness: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the Red Army after WWII," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp768, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    6. Kersting, Felix & Wolf, Nikolaus, 2024. "On the origins of national identity. German nation-building after Napoleon," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 463-477.
    7. Deter, Max & Lange, Martin, 2023. "Are the supporters of socialism the losers of capitalism? Conformism in East Germany and transition success," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).

  4. Abhay Aneja & Guo Xu, 2022. "Strengthening State Capacity: Postal Reform and Innovation during the Gilded Age," NBER Working Papers 29852, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Yu Sasaki, 2025. "Postal Growth: How the State-Sponsored Post Affected Growth in Preindustrial France, 1500–1850," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-1253, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    2. Sebastian Ottinger & Elizaveta Zelnitskaia, 2025. "Post(-Mongol) Roads to Path Dependence," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp807, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    3. Berger, Thor & Prawitz, Erik, 2023. "Collaboration and Connectivity: Historical Evidence from Patent Records," Working Papers in Economics and Statistics 2/2023, Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics.
    4. Miguel Fajardo-Steinhauser, 2023. "Peace Dividends: The Economic Effects of Colombia's Peace Agreement," Papers 2301.01843, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2024.
    5. Mocanu, Tatiana, 2024. "Designing Gender Equity: Evidence from Hiring Practices," IZA Discussion Papers 17480, IZA Network @ LISER.

  5. Timothy J. Besley & Robin Burgess & Adnan Khan & Guo Xu, 2021. "Bureaucracy and Development," NBER Working Papers 29163, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Paula López-Villalba & Christian Ruzzier, 2026. "Ideology and Corruption: Policies and People," Working Papers 178, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Aug 2026.
    2. Field, Lottie, 2024. "The political economy of industrial development organisations: are they run by politicians or bureaucrats?," SocArXiv a4ker, Center for Open Science.
    3. Diana Dakhlallah, 2024. "Bribery in the Workplace: A Field Experiment on the Threat of Making Group Behavior Visible," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 35(4), pages 1203-1223, July.
    4. Chen, Xilu & Ge, Erqi & Xu, Xianxiang & Zhou, Quan, 2025. "Does digitalization of government activities improve business environment? The influence of public service standardization," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 533-560.
    5. Franco Riottini Depetris, 2024. "Do Ambassadors Matter? The effect of ambassadors on trade promotion," Young Researchers Working Papers 15, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Aug 2024.
    6. Tukiainen, Janne & Blesse, Sebastian & Bohne, Albrecht & Giuffrida, Leonardo M. & Jääskeläinen, Jan & Luukinen, Ari & Sieppi, Antti, 2024. "What are the priorities of bureaucrats? Evidence from conjoint experiments with procurement officials," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    7. Chen, Shuai & Ge, Erqi, 2022. "The Anti-Corruption Campaign and the Inter-Generational Transmission of Working in Bureaucracy: Evidence from China," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1159, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    8. Kala, Namrata & Haseeb, Muhammad & Fenske, James, 2025. "Environmental Permits, Regulatory Burden, and Firm Outcomes," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 784, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    9. Tang, Lianzhou & Xu, Wenli, 2025. "Patronage and pollution," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    10. Chen, Shuai & Ge, Erqi, 2024. "The Anti-Corruption Campaign and the Inter-Generational Transmission of Working in Bureaucracy: Evidence from China," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1159 [rev.], Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    11. Bedoya, Juan & de Hoyos, Rafael & Estrada, Ricardo, 2026. "Rule-based civil service: Evidence from a nationwide teacher reform in Mexico," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    12. Aman-Rana, Shan, 2025. "Meritocracy in a bureaucracy," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Kim, Galileu & Kumar, Tanu & Ramalho, Rita & Russell, Stuart Ehrlich, 2026. "Institutional Capacity for Policy Implementation : An Analytical Framework," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11279, The World Bank.
    14. Sisak, Dana & Swank, Otto, 2025. "Polarization, Trust and Policy Capacity - Strategic Bureaucrat Appointments under Electoral Incentives," VfS Annual Conference 2025 (Cologne): Revival of Industrial Policy 325374, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    15. Dabalen, Andrew L. & Khemani, Stuti & Lang, Megan Elizabeth & Timilsina, Govinda R., 2026. "Electrifying Africa’s Economic Transformation : What Reforms Should Governments Pursue?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11339, The World Bank.
    16. Baez, Maria Josefina & Brassiolo, Pablo & Estrada, Ricardo & Fajardo, Gustavo, 2022. "Going subnational: Wage differentials across levels of government in Brazil, Mexico, and Uruguay," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    17. Chen, Shuai & Ge, Erqi, 2022. "The Anti-Corruption Campaign and the Inter-Generational Transmission of Working in Bureaucracy: Evidence from China," IZA Discussion Papers 15569, IZA Network @ LISER.
    18. Shen, Jianfu & Peng, Daoju & Hui, Eddie C.M. & Fan, Kwok Yuen, 2025. "Performance measurability, local government’s incentives, and regional air pollution reduction," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    19. Antoine Zerbini & Esteban Muñoz-Sobrado & Federica Braccioli & Amedeo Piolatto, 2024. "The Taxing Challenges of the State: Unveiling the Role of Fiscal & Administrative Capacity in Development," Working Papers 1432, Barcelona School of Economics.
    20. Morelli, M. & Petrukhin, D. & Vannoni, M., 2026. "Do Not Drain the Swamp! Populism, Bureaucracy and Economic Performance," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2651, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    21. Juhász, Réka & Lane, Nathaniel, 2024. "The Political Economy of Industrial Policy," OSF Preprints y74uh, Center for Open Science.
    22. Englmaier, Florian & Muehlheusser, Gerd & Roider, Andreas & Wallmeier, Niklas, 2022. "Management and Performance in the Public Sector: Evidence from German Municipalities," IZA Discussion Papers 15676, IZA Network @ LISER.
    23. James Habyarimana & Stuti Khemani & Thiago Scot, 2023. "The importance of political selection for bureaucratic effectiveness," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(359), pages 746-779, July.
    24. Duan, Li & Zhang, Xiaoming, 2026. "Awakening latent human capital: Economic opening up and entrepreneurship in 19th century China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    25. Haus, Martin, 2025. "Breaking Out of Low-Effort Traps: Bureaucratic Leadership by Persuasion," SocArXiv 9zx5w_v1, Center for Open Science.
    26. Mizuno, Nobuhiro & Okazawa, Ryosuke, 2025. "A dynamic theory on clientelism and bureaucratic development," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    27. Saeed Khodaverdian, 2025. "The legacy of the (poor) deceased: The effect of the mortality rate on democracy," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 1-32, October.
    28. Schuster,Christian & Mikkelsen,Kim Sass & Rogger,Daniel Oliver & Fukuyama,Francis & Hasnain,Zahid & Mistree,Dinsha & Meyer-Sahling,Jan & Bersch,Katherine & Kay,Kerenssa Mayo, 2023. "The Global Survey of Public Servants : A Foundation for Research on Public Servantsaround the World," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10333, The World Bank.
    29. Zhang, Yi & Roelfsema, Hein & Liu, Chun, 2024. "Political uncertainty and revenue sharing in international contracting," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    30. León, Antonio & Santos, Kelly, 2026. "Political accountability and bureaucratic selection," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    31. Gulzar, Saad & Ladino, Juan Felipe & Mehmood, Muhammad Zia & Rogger, Daniel, 2025. "Command and Can’t Control : Assessing Centralized Accountability in the Public Sector," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11200, The World Bank.
    32. Anos Chitamba & Strinivasan Soondrasan Pillay, 2025. "Meritocracy vs cadre deployment in the global South: an integrative review," International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy (2687-2293), Bussecon International Academy, vol. 7(3), pages 387-393, June.
    33. Liu, Kevin Zhengcheng & Zhang, Xiaoming, 2025. "Discretion, talent allocation, and governance performance: Evidence from China’s imperial bureaucracy," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    34. Riottini Depetris Franco, 2024. "Do Ambassadors Matter? The effect of ambassadors on trade promotion," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4757, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    35. Li, Xun & Pan, Wensi & Xu, Gang, 2024. "A “leaner” government? The effect of China's anti-corruption campaign on the body weight and health of public sector employees," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 141-169.
    36. Lottie Field, 2024. "The political economy of industrial development organisations: are they run by politicians or bureaucrats?," Economics Series Working Papers 1055, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    37. Brett, E.A., 2022. "Rebuilding public authority in Uganda dualist theory, hybrid social orders and democratic statehood," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    38. Augusto Cerqua & Costanza Giannantoni & Federico Zampollo & Matteo Mazziotta, 2025. "The Municipal Administration Quality Index: The Italian Case," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 177(1), pages 345-378, March.
    39. Namrata Kala & Muhammad Haseeb & James Fenske, 2026. "Environmental permits, regulatory burden, and firm outcomes," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 26/827, School of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
    40. Mocanu, Tatiana, 2024. "Designing Gender Equity: Evidence from Hiring Practices," IZA Discussion Papers 17480, IZA Network @ LISER.
    41. Massimo Morelli, Dmitrii Petrukhin, Matia Vannoni, 2026. "Do Not Drain The Swamp! Populism, Bureaucracy and Economic Performance," BAFFI CAREFIN Working Papers 26277, BAFFI CAREFIN, Centre for Applied Research on International Markets Banking Finance and Regulation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    42. Federico Zampollo & Andrea Ascani & Alessandra Faggian, 2026. "‘Please, don't go’: the role of local public human capital in post‐disaster recovery," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 93(370), pages 705-735, April.

  6. Jorg L. Spenkuch & Edoardo Teso & Guo Xu, 2021. "Ideology and Performance in Public Organizations," NBER Working Papers 28673, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Gilad, Sharon & Sulitzeanu-Kenan, Raanan & Levi-Faur, David, 2024. "Partisan Alignment and the Propensity to Choose a Job in a Government Ministry," SocArXiv ufzcj, Center for Open Science.
    2. Athias, Laure & Wicht, Pascal, 2025. "Make or buy for public services: Culture matters for efficiency considerations," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Pandey, Vivek & Shen, Xingyu & Wu, Joanna Shuang, 2025. "Partisan regulatory actions: Evidence from the SEC," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(1).
    4. Marco Grotteria & Max Miller & S.Lakshmi Naaraayanan, 2024. "Foreign influence in US politics," Discussion Papers 2024-12, Nottingham Interdisciplinary Centre for Economic and Political Research (NICEP).
    5. Tim Sels & Balázs Kovács, 2026. "Political Heterogeneity and Societal Polarization Impair Individual Performance: Evidence from Random Assignment in Professional Golf," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 72(7), pages 5653-5680, July.
    6. Maria Carreri & Davide Cipullo & Marco Le Moglie & Alberto Perego, 2026. "Political Capture and Bureaucratic Behavior: Evidence from Mafia-Infiltrated Municipalities," CESifo Working Paper Series 12861, CESifo.
    7. Gaia Dossi & Marta Morando, 2025. "Polarized Technologies," CEP Discussion Papers dp2116, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    8. Fang, Ming & Lai, Weizheng & Xia, Congling, 2025. "Anti-corruption and political trust: Evidence from China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    9. Sisak, Dana & Swank, Otto, 2025. "Polarization, Trust and Policy Capacity - Strategic Bureaucrat Appointments under Electoral Incentives," VfS Annual Conference 2025 (Cologne): Revival of Industrial Policy 325374, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    10. Alexia Delfino & Miguel Espinosa, 2025. "Value Dissonance at Work," CESifo Working Paper Series 11690, CESifo.
    11. Engelberg, Joseph E. & Guzman, Jorge & Lu, Runjing & Mullins, William, 2021. "Partisan Entrepreneurship," SocArXiv qhs6j, Center for Open Science.
    12. Víctor Mauricio Castañeda-Rodríguez & Gaetano Lisi, 2024. "Can public efficiency increase tax morale? Evidence from 18 Latin American countries," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 209-231, June.
    13. Luca Bellodi & Massimo Morelli & Matia Vannoni, 2021. "A Costly Commitment: Populism, Government Performance, and the Quality of Bureaucracy," CESifo Working Paper Series 9470, CESifo.
    14. Max Kagan & Justin Frake & Reuben Hurst, 2026. "VRscores: A New Measure and Data Set of Workforce Politics Using Voter Registrations," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(2), pages 444-465, March.
    15. Alessandra Fenizia & Christos A. Makridis, 2026. "Personnel Reform and the Federal Workforce," CESifo Working Paper Series 12517, CESifo.
    16. Bazzi, Samuel & Hilmy, Masyhur & Marx, Benjamin & Shaukat, Mahvish Ifrah & Stegmann, Andreas, 2024. "It Takes a Village Election : Turnover and Performance in Local Bureaucracies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10920, The World Bank.
    17. Gaia Dossi & Marta Morando, 2023. "Political ideology and innovation," CEP Discussion Papers dp1969, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    18. Dana Sisak & Otto Swank, 2025. "Trust and Policy Capacity - Strategic Bureaucrat Appointments under Electoral Incentives," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 25-062/VII, Tinbergen Institute.
    19. David Besanko & Avner A. Kreps & Clair Yang, 2024. "Rules for the rulemakers: asymmetric information and the political economy of benefit-cost analysis," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 66(1), pages 1-51, August.
    20. Cornago Bonal, Luis & Raffaelli, Francesco, 2024. "Political Identities and the Politics of Workplace Cooperation," OSF Preprints j43tn, Center for Open Science.
    21. León, Antonio & Santos, Kelly, 2026. "Political accountability and bureaucratic selection," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    22. Ethan Kaplan & Jörg L. Spenkuch & Cody Tuttle, 2025. "A Different World: Enduring Effects of School Desegregation on Ideology and Attitudes," CESifo Working Paper Series 11625, CESifo.
    23. Marly Tatiana Celis Galvez & Vitezslav Titl & Fredo Schotanus, 2025. "Discretion and political favoritism: Evidence from two reforms in public procurement," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 91(3), pages 915-968, January.
    24. Foerster, Manuel & Habermacher, Daniel, 2025. "Policy-advising competition and endogenous lobbies," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    25. Fabio Motoki & Valdemar Pinho Neto & Victor Rodrigues, 2024. "More human than human: measuring ChatGPT political bias," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 198(1), pages 3-23, January.

  7. Aneja, Abhay & Xu, Guo, 2020. "The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government under Wilson," Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, Working Paper Series qt7sw871kr, Institute of Industrial Relations, UC Berkeley.

    Cited by:

    1. Katie Jajtner & Matt Messel & Jason Fletcher, 2023. "Social Security Disability Insurance and intergenerational economic mobility," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 41(4), pages 575-593, October.

  8. Bertrand, Marianne & Burgess, Robin & Chawla, Arunish & Xu, Guo, 2020. "The glittering prizes: career incentives and bureaucrat performance," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 100808, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    Cited by:

    1. Huitfeld, Ingrid & Kostøl, Andreas Ravndal & Nimczik, Jan Sebastian & Weber, Andrea, 2021. "Internal Labor Markets: A Worker Flow Approach," IZA Discussion Papers 14637, IZA Network @ LISER.
    2. Benjamin Sahel & Antonio Scalia & Luana Zaccaria, 2021. "Career concerns and peer effects in institutional tournaments: Evidence from ECB reserve currency portfolios," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 50(1), pages 47-73, March.
    3. Callen, Mike & Gulzarz, Saad & Hasanain, Ali & Khan, Muhammad Yasir & Rezaeek, Arman, 2023. "The political economy of public sector absence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 117390, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Fuhai Hong & Dong Zhang, 2023. "Bureaucratic beliefs and law enforcement," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 196(3), pages 357-379, September.
    5. Li, Yue & Yu, Haowei & Zhang, Peng, 2025. "Get the real boss in position: Examining the environmental effect of ‘shared environmental accountability’ in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    6. Minni, Virginia, 2025. "Making the Invisible Hand Visible: Managers and the Allocation of Workers to Jobs," IZA Discussion Papers 18137, IZA Network @ LISER.
    7. Jiafu An & Seth Armitage & Wenxuan Hou & Xianda Liu, 2020. "Do checks on bureaucrats improve firm value? Evidence from a natural experiment," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(5), pages 4821-4844, December.
    8. Muñoz, Pablo & Otero, Cristóbal, 2025. "Managers and Public Hospital Performance," CINCH Working Paper Series (since 2020) 83337, Duisburg-Essen University Library, DuEPublico.
    9. Haus, Martin, 2026. "Breaking out of low-effort traps: bureaucratic leadership by persuasion," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 138865, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    10. Dienes, Harry J. & Rogger, Daniel & Emagne, Yetsedaw & Schinaia, Giulio, 2026. "Individual Demand for Building State Effectiveness," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11299, The World Bank.
    11. Bhattacharjee, Shampa & Roy Chaudhuri, Arka, 2024. "Electoral quotas and developmental outcomes: Evidence from India," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    12. Aman-Rana, Shan, 2025. "Meritocracy in a bureaucracy," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Li, Runheng & Tang, Yao & Weng, Xi & Zhou, Li-An, 2026. "Political Accountability and Local Government Debt: Evidence from China," MPRA Paper 128626, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Philipp Barteska & Jay Euijung Lee, 2024. "Bureaucrats and the Korean export miracle," Discussion Papers 2024-11, Nottingham Interdisciplinary Centre for Economic and Political Research (NICEP).
    15. Hu, Wen-Quan & Su, Yunqing & Fang, Hongsheng, 2025. "Constraints and incentives: Promoting air pollution governance through performance evaluation system," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    16. Leiv OPSTAD, 2025. "Perspectives on public and private sector and students' choice of career," Social Sciences and Education Research Review, Department of Communication, Journalism and Education Sciences, University of Craiova, vol. 12(1), pages 11-20, July.
    17. Sam Hoey, 2024. "One’s Pain is Another’s Gain – Early Career Exposure and Later Labour Market Outcomes," Working Papers 202406, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics.
    18. Kalaj, Jozefina & Rogger, Daniel & Somani, Ravi, 2022. "Bureaucrat time-use: Evidence from a survey experiment," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    19. Jiankun Yang & Xiaochen Gong, 2024. "Promotion incentives and water pollution control in the context of environment tournaments: Evidence on the age of officials from a fuzzy regression discontinuity design," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 45(4), pages 2548-2565, June.
    20. Tom Nicholas, 2023. "Status and mortality: Is there a Whitehall effect in the United States?," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 76(4), pages 1191-1230, November.
    21. Olivier Marie & Thomas Post & Zihan Ye & Xiaopeng Zou, 2024. "From Two Heads to One: The Short-Run Effects of the Recentralization of Political Power in Rural China," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-040/V, Tinbergen Institute.
    22. Dustan, Andrew & Hernandez-Agramonte, Juan Manuel & Maldonado, Stanislao, 2023. "Motivating bureaucrats with behavioral insights when state capacity is weak: Evidence from large-scale field experiments in Peru," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    23. Jiangnan Zeng & Qiyao Zhou & Dali Yang, 2023. "Estimating the Economic Impact of Intensifying Environmental Regulation in China," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 86(1), pages 147-172, October.
    24. Li, Pei & Lu, Yi & Peng, Lu & Wang, Jin, 2024. "Information, incentives, and environmental governance: Evidence from China’s ambient air quality standards," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    25. Minoru Kitahara & Hiroshi Uno, 2025. "Complete Exchange Mechanisms," Papers 2511.11278, arXiv.org.
    26. Trong‐Anh Trinh & Simon Feeny, 2024. "Does the power of the king stop at the village gate? Embeddedness and provincial development in Vietnam," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(2), pages 677-707, July.
    27. Duan, Li & Zhang, Xiaoming, 2026. "Awakening latent human capital: Economic opening up and entrepreneurship in 19th century China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    28. Haus, Martin, 2025. "Breaking Out of Low-Effort Traps: Bureaucratic Leadership by Persuasion," SocArXiv 9zx5w_v1, Center for Open Science.
    29. Girish Balasubramanian & Ram Kumar Kakani & Mohd Shadab Danish, 2024. "To innovate or not—Exploring individual antecedents of innovative thinking among Indian bureaucrats," Public Administration & Development, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44(1), pages 3-16, February.
    30. Arora,Abhishek & George,Siddharth & Rao,Vijayendra & Sharan,MR, 2023. "The Added Value of Local Democracy: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in India," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10555, The World Bank.
    31. Gulzar, Saad & Ladino, Juan Felipe & Mehmood, Muhammad Zia & Rogger, Daniel, 2025. "Command and Can’t Control : Assessing Centralized Accountability in the Public Sector," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11200, The World Bank.
    32. Liu, Kevin Zhengcheng & Zhang, Xiaoming, 2025. "Discretion, talent allocation, and governance performance: Evidence from China’s imperial bureaucracy," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    33. Natsuki Arai & Nobuhiko Nakazawa, 2025. "Long‐run peer effects and promotion: Evidence from 70‐plus years of career records in Japan," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 63(3), pages 740-758, July.
    34. Li, Xun & Pan, Wensi & Xu, Gang, 2024. "A “leaner” government? The effect of China's anti-corruption campaign on the body weight and health of public sector employees," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 141-169.
    35. Chen, Qianmiao & Huang, Qingyang & Liu, Chang & Wang, Peng, 2022. "Career incentives of local leaders and crisis response: A case study of COVID-19 lockdowns in China," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    36. Zhao, Da & Guo, Jingyuan & Yu, Shule & Yu, Litian, 2024. "Tradeoff between local protection and public sector performance: Lessons from judicial fiscal centralization," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 254-278.
    37. Xun, Yang, 2024. "Corruption and Talent Allocation," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1526, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    38. Philipp Barteska & Jay Euijung Lee, 2025. "Personnel is policy (implementation): Bureaucrats and the Korean export miracle," CEP Discussion Papers dp2099, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    39. Fernando Saltiel & Cody Tuttle, 2023. "Business Cycles and Police Hires," Working Papers 288, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).
    40. Hou, Yue & Wang, Peichun, 2020. "Unpolluted decisions: Air quality and judicial outcomes in China," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).

  9. Voth, Hans-Joachim & Xu, Guo, 2020. "Encouraging Others: Punishment and Performance in the Royal Navy," CEPR Discussion Papers 14476, Centre for Economic Policy Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Bo, Shiyu & Liu, Cong & Zhou, Yan, 2023. "Military investment and the rise of industrial clusters: Evidence from China’s self-strengthening movement," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    2. Gwee, Yi Jie & Tan, Hui Ren, 2025. "The long campaign: Britain’s fight to end the slave trade," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).

  10. Abhay Aneja & Guo Xu, 2020. "The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government under Woodrow Wilson," NBER Working Papers 27798, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Cited by:

    1. Katie Jajtner & Matt Messel & Jason Fletcher, 2023. "Social Security Disability Insurance and intergenerational economic mobility," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 41(4), pages 575-593, October.

  11. Bertrand, Marianne, 2019. "Social Proximity and Bureaucrat Performance: Evidence from India," CEPR Discussion Papers 13562, Centre for Economic Policy Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Jiafu An & Seth Armitage & Wenxuan Hou & Xianda Liu, 2020. "Do checks on bureaucrats improve firm value? Evidence from a natural experiment," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(5), pages 4821-4844, December.
    2. Zoë B. Cullen & Ricardo Perez-Truglia, 2019. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap," NBER Working Papers 26530, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Cyril Chalendard & Ana Margarida Fernandes & Gael Raballand & Bob Rijkers, 2021. "Corruption in Customs," CESifo Working Paper Series 9489, CESifo.
    4. Agnihotri, Anustubh, 2022. "Transfer preferences of bureaucrats and spatial disparities in local state presence," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    5. Moon, Terry & Schoenherr, David, 2022. "The rise of a network: Spillover of political patronage and cronyism to the private sector," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(3), pages 970-1005.

  12. Voth, Hans-Joachim & Xu, Guo, 2019. "Patronage for Productivity: Selection and Performance in the Age of Sail," CEPR Discussion Papers 13963, Centre for Economic Policy Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Koyama, Mark & Arteaga, Fernando & Desierto, Desiree, 2020. "Shipwrecked by Rents," CEPR Discussion Papers 15300, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    2. Tang, Lianzhou & Xu, Wenli, 2025. "Patronage and pollution," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    3. David de la Croix & Marc Goñi, 2024. "Nepotism vs. intergenerational transmission of human capital in Academia (1088–1800)," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 469-514, December.
    4. Zoë B. Cullen & Ricardo Perez-Truglia, 2019. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap," NBER Working Papers 26530, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Natsuki Arai & Nobuhiko Nakazawa, 2025. "Long‐run peer effects and promotion: Evidence from 70‐plus years of career records in Japan," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 63(3), pages 740-758, July.
    6. Marie Lalanne, 2023. "Network‐based appointments and board diversity," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(358), pages 409-452, April.

  13. Sequeira, Sandra & Spinnewijn, Johannes & Xu, Guo, 2016. "Rewarding schooling success and perceived returns to education: evidence from India," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 68279, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    Cited by:

    1. Luis Fernando Gamboa & Paul AndrÔøΩs RodrÔøΩguez, 2014. "Do Colombian students underestimate higher education returns?," Documentos de Trabajo 12050, Universidad del Rosario.
    2. Rajesh Chandy & Om Narasimhan, 2015. "Millions of Opportunities: An Agenda for Research in Emerging Markets," Customer Needs and Solutions, Springer;Institute for Sustainable Innovation and Growth (iSIG), vol. 2(4), pages 251-263, December.
    3. Lerva, Benedetta & Ferris,Denise & Fornasari, Margherita, 2025. "A “Big Push” Through the Finish Line: Evidence from a Composite Scholarship for Ugandan Students," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11165, The World Bank.
    4. Li, Teng & Lu, Runjing, 2022. "Social undermining as a dark side of symbolic awards: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    5. Ilya Prakhov, 2019. "The Determinants Of Expected Returns On Higher Education In Russia: A Human Capital Theory Perspective," HSE Working papers WP BRP 50/EDU/2019, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    6. Yuta Kuroda, 2023. "What do high-achieving graduates bring to nonacademic track high schools?," DSSR Discussion Papers 138, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Tohoku University.
    7. Estrada, Ricardo & Gignoux, Jérémie, 2014. "Benefits to elite schools and the formation of expected returns to education: Evidence from Mexico City," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Docweb) 1407, CEPREMAP.
    8. Ilya Prakhov, 2017. "Determinants of Expected Return on Higher Education in Moscow," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 1, pages 25-57.
    9. Stephen Smith, 2018. "Development Economics Meets the Challenges of Lagging U.S. Areas: Applications to Education, Health and Nutrition, Behavior, and Infrastructure," Working Papers 2018-7, The George Washington University, Institute for International Economic Policy.
    10. Teodora Boneva & Christopher Rauh, 2017. "Socio-Economic Gaps in University Enrollment: The Role of Perceived Pecuniary and Non-Pecuniary Returns," CESifo Working Paper Series 6756, CESifo.

  14. Guo Xu, 2015. "How Does Collective Reputation Affect Hiring? Selection and Sorting in an Online Labour Market," STICERD - Economic Organisation and Public Policy Discussion Papers Series 056, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE.

    Cited by:

    1. Kazakova, E. & Sandomirskaia, M. & Suvorov, A. & Khazhgerieva, A. & Shavshin, R., 2023. "Platforms, online labor markets, and crowdsourcing. Part 1. Traditional online labor market," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 60(3), pages 120-148.
    2. Max Marczinek & Stephan E. Maurer & Ferdinand Rauch, 2022. "Trade persistence and trader identity - evidence from the demise of the Hanseatic League," CEP Discussion Papers dp1828, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    3. Marczinek, Max & Maurer, Stephan & Rauch, Ferdinand, 2025. "Networks in trade — Evidence from the legacy of the Hanseatic league," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).

  15. Guo Xu, 2013. "Development through Empowerment: Delivering Effective Public Services – a Literature Review," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 382, Asian Development Bank.

    Cited by:

    1. Siham MATALLAH & Lahouari BENLAHCENE, 2021. "Public service delivery dilemma and economic growth challenges in the MENA Region," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(4(629), W), pages 31-50, Winter.

  16. Tilman Brück & Guo Xu, 2011. "Who Gives Aid to Whom and When?: Aid Accelerations, Shocks and Policies," Economics of Security Working Paper Series 49, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.

    Cited by:

    1. Tilman Brück & Olaf J. de Groot & Guo Xu, 2011. "Does Security Play a Role in European Development Aid Policy?," EUSECON Policy Briefing 11, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Beáta Udvari & Gábor Dávid Kiss & Julianna Pontet, 2016. "Challenges of Missing Data in Analyses of Aid Activity: The Case of US Aid Activity," Bangladesh Development Studies, Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), vol. 39(1-2), pages 1-25.
    3. Stubbs, Thomas H. & Kentikelenis, Alexander E. & King, Lawrence P., 2016. "Catalyzing Aid? The IMF and Donor Behavior in Aid Allocation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 511-528.
    4. Wang, Rui & Yang, Shanshan, 2025. "The Impact of China’s Digital Aid on Income Inequality: Evidence from 127 Developing Economies," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1760-1775.
    5. Fuchs, Andreas & Nunnenkamp, Peter & Öhler, Hannes, 2013. "Why donors of foreign aid do not coordinate: The role of competition for export markets and political support," Kiel Working Papers 1825, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
    6. Tobias Heinrich & Matt W. Loftis, 2019. "Democracy Aid and Electoral Accountability," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 63(1), pages 139-166, January.
    7. Tilman Brück & Olaf J de Groot & Friedrich Schneider, 2011. "The economic costs of the German participation in the Afghanistan war," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 48(6), pages 793-805, November.
    8. Granath, Louise, 2016. "The rise of China: Competing or complementary to DAC aid flows in Africa?," Working Papers in Economics 671, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics.
    9. Hicks, Daniel L. & Hicks, Joan Hamory & Maldonado, Beatriz, 2016. "Women as policy makers and donors: Female legislators and foreign aid," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 46-60.
    10. Michael Brzoska & Raphael Bossong & Eric van Um, 2011. "Security Economics in the European Context: Implications of the EUSECON Project," Economics of Security Working Paper Series 58, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    11. Young, Andrew T. & Sheehan, Kathleen M., 2014. "Foreign aid, institutional quality, and growth," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 195-208.
    12. Yasemin Bal Gündüz & Masyita Crystallin, 2018. "Do IMF programs catalyze donor assistance to low-income countries?," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 359-393, September.
    13. Nagae, Akira & Katayama, Hajime & Takase, Koichi, 2022. "Donor aid allocation and accounting standards of recipients," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    14. Nunnenkamp, Peter & Öhler, Hannes & Thiele, Rainer, 2011. "Donor coordination and specialization: Did the Paris declaration make a difference?," Kiel Working Papers 1748, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
    15. Çağatay Bircan & Tilman Brück & Marc Vothknecht, 2017. "Violent conflict and inequality," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(2), pages 125-144, April.
    16. Berrittella, Maria, 2017. "Can stability of foreign aid agreement reduce global income inequality?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 105-111.
    17. Hagen, Rune Jansen, 2014. "Rents and the Political Economy of Development Aid," Working Papers in Economics 07/14, University of Bergen, Department of Economics.

Articles

  1. Abhay Aneja & Guo Xu, 2024. "Strengthening State Capacity: Civil Service Reform and Public Sector Performance during the Gilded Age," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(8), pages 2352-2387, August.

    Cited by:

    1. Muñoz, Pablo & Otero, Cristóbal, 2025. "Managers and Public Hospital Performance," CINCH Working Paper Series (since 2020) 83337, Duisburg-Essen University Library, DuEPublico.
    2. Bedoya, Juan & de Hoyos, Rafael & Estrada, Ricardo, 2026. "Rule-based civil service: Evidence from a nationwide teacher reform in Mexico," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    3. Kim, Galileu & Kumar, Tanu & Ramalho, Rita & Russell, Stuart Ehrlich, 2026. "Institutional Capacity for Policy Implementation : An Analytical Framework," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11279, The World Bank.
    4. Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau & Marco Tabellini, 2026. "Extractive Taxation and the French Revolution," IRENE Working Papers 26-02, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    5. Alessandra Fenizia & Christos A. Makridis, 2026. "Personnel Reform and the Federal Workforce," CESifo Working Paper Series 12517, CESifo.
    6. Donald P. Moynihan, 2025. "Rescuing state capacity: Proceduralism, the new politicization, and public policy," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 364-378, March.
    7. Duan, Li & Zhang, Xiaoming, 2026. "Awakening latent human capital: Economic opening up and entrepreneurship in 19th century China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    8. Mizuno, Nobuhiro & Okazawa, Ryosuke, 2025. "A dynamic theory on clientelism and bureaucratic development," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    9. León, Antonio & Santos, Kelly, 2026. "Political accountability and bureaucratic selection," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    10. Colussi, Tommaso & Romagnoli, Matteo & Villar, Elena, 2025. "The indirect environmental effects of taxing waste," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).

  2. Jörg L. Spenkuch & Edoardo Teso & Guo Xu, 2023. "Ideology and Performance in Public Organizations," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 91(4), pages 1171-1203, July.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  3. Luis R. Martinez & Jonas Jessen & Guo Xu, 2023. "A Glimpse of Freedom: Allied Occupation and Political Resistance in East Germany," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(1), pages 68-106, January.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  4. Guo Xu, 2023. "Bureaucratic Representation and State Responsiveness during Times of Crisis: The 1918 Pandemic in India," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(2), pages 482-491, March.

    Cited by:

    1. Dong, Zhanyu & Cai, Jiayi & Li, Xuchao & Luan, Mengna, 2025. "Firm-level impacts and recovery dynamics following a public health crisis: Lessons from China’s SARS experience," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    2. Gaddy, Hampton & Gargiulo, Maria, 2025. "Can we estimate crisis death tolls by subtracting total population estimates? a critical review and appraisal," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 128030, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Hampton Gaddy & Maria Gargiulo, 2025. "Can we estimate crisis death tolls by subtracting total population estimates? A critical review and appraisal," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 52(23), pages 741-796.
    4. León, Antonio & Santos, Kelly, 2026. "Political accountability and bureaucratic selection," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).

  5. Guo Xu & Marianne Bertrand & Robin Burgess, 2023. "Organization of the State: Home Assignment and Bureaucrat Performance," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 39(2), pages 371-419.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  6. Adnan Khan & Guo Xu & Robin Burgess & Timothy Besley, 2022. "Bureaucracy and Development," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 14(1), pages 397-424, August.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  7. Heather Sarsons & Guo Xu, 2021. "Confidence Men? Evidence on Confidence and Gender among Top Economists," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 111, pages 65-68, May.

    Cited by:

    1. Sievertsen, Hans H. & Smith, Sarah, 2025. "Do female experts face an authority gap? Evidence from economics," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    2. Cynthia Harter & Diego Mendez-Carbajo, 2024. "Diving into the Gap: Recognizing Gender Differences in an Online Learning Activity," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 50(1), pages 79-102, January.
    3. Anna Adamecz-Völgyi & Nikki Shure, 2022. "The gender gap in top jobs – the role of overconfidence," KRTK-KTI WORKING PAPERS 2219, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    4. Thaler, Michael, 2021. "Gender differences in motivated reasoning," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 501-518.
    5. Bastani, Spencer & Giebe, Thomas & Guertler, Oliver, 2024. "Overconfidence and gender gaps in career outcomes: insights from a promotion signaling model," Working Paper Series 2024:21, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    6. Adam J. Berinsky & Daniel Halpern & Joseph Y. Halpern & Ali Jadbabaie & Elchanan Mossel & Ariel D. Procaccia & Manon Revel, 2025. "Tracking Truth with Liquid Democracy," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(9), pages 7821-7839, September.
    7. Abraham, Lisa, 2023. "The gender gap in performance reviews," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 459-492.
    8. Charness, Gary & Dao, Lien & Shurchkov, Olga, 2022. "Competing now and then: The effects of delay on competitiveness across gender," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 612-630.
    9. Margaret Samahita & Martina Zanella, 2025. "Confident, but Undervalued: Evidence from the Irish Economic Association Conference," Trinity Economics Papers tep0325, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics, revised Apr 2025.
    10. Audinga Baltrunaite & Alessandra Casarico & Lucia Rizzica, 2024. "Women in economics: the role of gendered references at entry in the profession," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1438, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    11. M. Fras & D. Pauch & D. Walczak & A. Bera, 2024. "Determinants of the Behaviour of Entities on the Insurance Market in the Light of Changes Introduced by the IDD Directive," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 533-566, December.
    12. Gomez-Herrera, Estrella & Mueller-Langer, Frank, 2024. "Does information disclosure affect the gender gap in bidding behavior? Empirical evidence from a natural experiment on a large online labor platform," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    13. Hans Henrik Sievertsen & Sarah Smith, 2022. "Male and Female Voices in Economics," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 22/761, School of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
    14. Spencer Bastani & Thomas Giebe & Oliver Gürtler, 2023. "Overconfidence and Gender Equality in the Labor Market," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 220, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.

  8. Marianne Bertrand & Robin Burgess & Arunish Chawla & Guo Xu, 2020. "The Glittering Prizes: Career Incentives and Bureaucrat Performance," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 87(2), pages 626-655.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  9. Xu, Guo, 2019. "The colonial origins of fiscal capacity: Evidence from patronage governors," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 263-276.

    Cited by:

    1. Mbassi, Christophe Martial & Messono, Omang Ombolo, 2023. "Historical technology and current economic development: Reassessing the nature of the relationship," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    2. Feng, Bo & Lu, Bei & Wang, Zhen & Yu, Dandan, 2025. "Patronage networks and multitasking incentives: Evidence from local officials’ responses to public crises in China’s centralized bureaucracy," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    3. Messono, Omang & Asongu, Simplice, 2021. "Historical Prevalence of Infectious Diseases and Entrepreneurship: the Role of Institutions in 125 Countries," MPRA Paper 111842, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Jiafu An & Seth Armitage & Wenxuan Hou & Xianda Liu, 2020. "Do checks on bureaucrats improve firm value? Evidence from a natural experiment," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(5), pages 4821-4844, December.
    5. Hup, Mark, 2024. "Labor coercion, fiscal modernization, and state capacity: Evidence from colonial Indonesia," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    6. Denis Cogneau & Yannick Dupraz & Justine Knebelmann & Sandrine Mesplé-Somps, 2021. "Taxation in Africa from Colonial Times to Present Evidence from former French colonies 1900-2018," PSE Working Papers halshs-03420664, HAL.
    7. Ferguson, Duke & Krupa, Trent J. & Laux, Rick C., 2026. "Tax administration quality and foreign investment in developing countries: Evidence from participation in tax inspectors without borders," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(2).
    8. Tang, Lianzhou & Xu, Wenli, 2025. "Patronage and pollution," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    9. Danglun Luo & Congcong Liu & Lifan Wu, 2020. "Horizontal Networks and Economic Performance: Evidence from City Leaders in China," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 101(4), pages 1359-1373, July.
    10. Antonio Savoia & Kunal Sen & Abrams M.E. Tagem, 2022. "Constraints on the executive and tax revenues in the long run," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2022-4, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    11. Touria Jaaidane & Sophie Larribeau, 2024. "State Capacity in Seventeenth-Century France: The Role of the Intendants," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes & University of Caen) 2024-06, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes, University of Caen and CNRS.
    12. Liu, Yu & Shi, Xiangyu, 2026. "Connect to invest: Hometown ties, intercity capital flows, and allocative efficiency in China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    13. Omang Ombolo Messono & Fred EKA & Fabrice Assoumou Zambo, 2025. "Elite quality and the pathway to prosperity: a cross-country mediation analysis," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 5(6), pages 1-43, June.
    14. Zhang, Wei & Ke, Jinjun & Ding, Yougang & Chen, Sicen, 2024. "Greening through finance: Green finance policies and firms' green investment," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    15. Chu, Yin & Holladay, J. Scott & Tian, Xian-Liang, 2025. "Patronage and pollution abatement," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).

  10. Guo Xu, 2018. "The Costs of Patronage: Evidence from the British Empire," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(11), pages 3170-3198, November.

    Cited by:

    1. Monica Martinez-Bravo & Leonard Wantchekon, 2021. "Political Economy and Structural Transformation: Democracy, Regulation and Public Investment," Working Papers wp2021_2110, CEMFI.
    2. Jörg L. Spenkuch & Edoardo Teso & Guo Xu, 2023. "Ideology and Performance in Public Organizations," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 91(4), pages 1171-1203, July.
    3. Feng, Bo & Lu, Bei & Wang, Zhen & Yu, Dandan, 2025. "Patronage networks and multitasking incentives: Evidence from local officials’ responses to public crises in China’s centralized bureaucracy," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    4. Razafindrakoto, Mireille & Roubaud, François & Rua, Linda, 2021. "Hyper-elites and network: Capturing the powerful upper tail in Madagascar," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    5. Bedoya,Juan & De Hoyos Navarro,Rafael E. & Estrada,Ricardo, 2023. "Rule-Based Civil Service : Evidence from a Nationwide Teacher Reform in Mexico," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10540, The World Bank.
    6. Taeho Kim, 2025. "Beyond the Ladder: The Effects of Limited Promotion Opportunities on Bureaucrats’ Career Decisions and Work Effort," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 78(2), pages 355-380, March.
    7. Jonas Hjort & Diana Moreira & Gautam Rao & Juan Francisco Santini, 2019. "How Research Affects Policy: Experimental Evidence from 2,150 Brazilian Municipalities," NBER Working Papers 25941, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Callen, Mike & Gulzarz, Saad & Hasanain, Ali & Khan, Muhammad Yasir & Rezaeek, Arman, 2023. "The political economy of public sector absence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 117390, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Ronald Umali Mendoza & Oscar G. Bulaong Jr & Gabrielle Ann S. Mendoza, 2025. "Anti-Corruption Reforms in the Philippines: Quo Vadis?," Millennial Asia, , vol. 16(3), pages 364-387, September.
    10. Cantoni, Davide & Yuchtman, Noam, 2020. "Historical Natural Experiments: Bridging Economics and Economic History," CEPR Discussion Papers 14401, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    11. Daryl Mark D. Jakosalem & Wilfredo Jr. C. Juntilla & Maria Araceli C. Juliano, 2026. "Combating Patronage Politics: Depoliticizing Ayuda Using John Rawls’ Distributive Justice in the Philippines," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 10(3), pages 5937-5951, March.
    12. Bo, Shiyu & Liu, Cong & Zhou, Yan, 2023. "Military investment and the rise of industrial clusters: Evidence from China’s self-strengthening movement," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    13. Jiafu An & Seth Armitage & Wenxuan Hou & Xianda Liu, 2020. "Do checks on bureaucrats improve firm value? Evidence from a natural experiment," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(5), pages 4821-4844, December.
    14. Brugués, Felipe & Brugués, Javier & Giambra, Samuele, 2024. "Political connections and misallocation of procurement contracts: Evidence from Ecuador," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    15. James G. MacKinnon & Morten Ørregaard Nielsen & Matthew D. Webb, 2023. "Fast and reliable jackknife and bootstrap methods for cluster‐robust inference," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(5), pages 671-694, August.
    16. Tukiainen, Janne & Blesse, Sebastian & Bohne, Albrecht & Giuffrida, Leonardo M. & Jääskeläinen, Jan & Luukinen, Ari & Sieppi, Antti, 2024. "What are the priorities of bureaucrats? Evidence from conjoint experiments with procurement officials," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    17. Hup, Mark, 2024. "Labor coercion, fiscal modernization, and state capacity: Evidence from colonial Indonesia," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    18. Muñoz, Pablo & Otero, Cristóbal, 2025. "Managers and Public Hospital Performance," CINCH Working Paper Series (since 2020) 83337, Duisburg-Essen University Library, DuEPublico.
    19. Moreira, Diana B. & Perez, Santiago, 2022. "Who Benefits from Meritocracy?," IZA Discussion Papers 15341, IZA Network @ LISER.
    20. Pedro Forquesato, 2022. "Who Benefits from Political Connections in Brazilian Municipalities," Papers 2204.09450, arXiv.org.
    21. Wan, Qin & Pan, Hongyu & Huang, Jinbo, 2024. "Can improving the business environment narrow the within-firm pay gap? Evidence from data on 233 Chinese cities," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    22. Voth, Hans-Joachim & Xu, Guo, 2020. "Encouraging Others: Punishment and Performance in the Royal Navy," CEPR Discussion Papers 14476, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    23. Chalendard,Cyril Romain & Duhaut,Alice & Fernandes,Ana Margarida & Mattoo,Aaditya & Raballand,Gael J. R. F. & Rijkers,Bob, 2020. "Does Better Information Curb Customs Fraud?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9254, The World Bank.
    24. Jing Song & Mengyuan Li & Shaosong Wang & Tao Ye, 2022. "To What Extent Does Environmental Regulation Influence Emission Reduction? Evidence from Local and Neighboring Locations in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-9, August.
    25. Yan Hu & Stephan Maurer, 2025. "Minority bureaucrats' networks and career progression: evidence from the Chinese maritime customs service," CEP Discussion Papers dp2138, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    26. Deserranno, Erika & Leon-Ciliotta, Gianmarco, 2022. "Promotions and Productivity: The Role of Meritocracy and Pay Progression in the Public Sector," CEPR Discussion Papers 15837, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
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