Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

1. Economics of Pandemics
2. Preparation
3. Policy responses
4. Vaccination
5. Behavioral
6. Macroeconomic
7. Consequences
8. Mortality
9. Fertility
10. Health and human capital
11. Macroeconomic
12. Covid-19
13. Health
14. Economic policy
15. Economic consequences
16. Behavioral issues
17. Swine Influenza (H1N1)
18. AIDS/HIV
19. Avian Influenza (H5N1)
20. Spanish Influenza
21. Black Death
22. SARS
23. MERS
24. Ebola

2026

• Jiaying Chen & Rhea Molato-Gayares & Albert F. Park & Donnie-Paul Tan, 2026, "Long-Term Outcomes of Multi-Context Childhood Poverty: Evidence from Long Panel Data from Indonesia," ADB Economics Working Paper Series, Asian Development Bank, number 833, Jan.
• Sabrina Lenzen & Luke Connelly & William Whittaker & Stephen Birch, 2026, "Trends in physical and mental health needs across generations in Australia," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), volume 27, issue 1, pages 95-116, February, DOI: 10.1007/s10198-025-01791-6.
• Anar Tumen, 2026, "Reconsidering income inequality among Japanese youth: focusing on the employment ice age generation," International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, Springer, volume 20, issue 1, pages 55-103, February, DOI: 10.1007/s42495-025-00161-7.
• Oussama Zennati, 2026, "Social remittances versus money remittances-impact of international migration on fertility in Morocco," International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, Springer, volume 20, issue 1, pages 181-209, February, DOI: 10.1007/s42495-026-00166-w.
• Taehoon Kim, 2026, "The impact of shadow education expenditures on fertility rates in South Korea," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, volume 39, issue 1, pages 1-36, March, DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01156-0.
• Margarida Duarte & Diego Restuccia, 2026, "Aggregate Employment and the Rise of Services across Time and Countries," Working Papers, University of Toronto, Department of Economics, number tecipa-817, Jan.
• Haupt Marlene, 2026, "Kapitaldeckung in der Alterssicherung: Eine Governance-Perspektive," Wirtschaftsdienst, Sciendo, volume 106, issue 2, pages 94-99, DOI: 10.2478/wd-2026-0027.
• Michael P. Cameron & Courtenay Baker, 2026, "A quarter century of subnational working-age population change in New Zealand: Contributions of migration and cohort turnover 1998-2023," Working Papers in Economics, University of Waikato, number 26/02, Feb.
• Leahy, John Vincent & Ranošová, Tereza, 2026, "Monetary policy and the added worker effect," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 02/2026, DOI: 10.71734/DP-2026-2.
• David N. Weil, 2026, "How Much Would Continued Low Fertility Affect the US Standard of Living?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 40, issue 1, pages 27-46, Winter, DOI: 10.1257/jep.20251462.
• Michael Geruso & Dean Spears, 2026, "The Likelihood of Persistently Low Global Fertility," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 40, issue 1, pages 3-26, Winter, DOI: 10.1257/jep.20251463.
• Paula E. Gobbi & Anne Hannusch & Pauline Rossi, 2026, "Family Institutions and the Global Fertility Transition," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 40, issue 1, pages 47-70, Winter, DOI: 10.1257/jep.20251460.
• Lant Pritchett, 2026, "Global Labor Mobility between Shrinking and Growing Labor Forces," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 40, issue 1, pages 71-92, Winter, DOI: 10.1257/jep.20251461.
• Horioka, Charles Yuji, 2026, "The Impact of Population Aging on the Household Saving Rate: The Case of Japan," AGI Working Paper Series, Asian Growth Research Institute, number 2026-01, Jan.
• Rubén Domínguez-Díaz & Marta García-Rodríguez & Javier Quintana & Rubén Veiga-Duarte, 2026, "Estimación del crecimiento potencial de la economía española: una revisión metodológica," Occasional Papers, Banco de España, number 2604, Feb, DOI: https://doi.org/10.53479/42465.
• Thomas Davoine, 2026, "Cross‐country differences in the long‐run economic impacts of increased fertility," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 128, issue 1, pages 104-151, January, DOI: 10.1111/sjoe.12597.
• Paula E. Gobbi & Anne Hannusch & Pauline Rossi, 2026, "Family Institutions and the Global Fertility Transition," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany, number crctr224_2025_726, Jan.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2026, "The Demographic Outlook: 2026 to 2056," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 61879, Jan.
• César Andrés Cristancho Fajardo & Omar Jeronimo Prieto Ruiz & Astrid Guiovanna Rojas Vargas & Javier Sebastian Ruiz Santacruz, 2026, "One hundred years of population change in three Colombian cities: Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín (1918-2018)," Revista Tendencias, Universidad de Narino, volume 27, issue 01, pages 49-76, January, DOI: 10.22267/rtend.262701.286.
• Zhou, Yixiao & Tyers, Rod & Lenzo, Damian, 2026, "Debt, inflation and the shape of the global pandemic recovery," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 30, issue , pages 1-1, January.
• Iván Albina, 2026, "Emparejamiento Selectivo: Medición y Tendencias en América Latina y el Caribe," CEDLAS, Working Papers, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, number 0366, Feb.
• Charles Yuji Horioka, 2026, "The Impact of Population Aging on the Household Saving Rate: The Case of Japan," ISER Discussion Paper, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka, number 1301, Jan.
• Chen, Cheng & Hattori, Takahiro, 2026, "Population growth, employment protection, and firm-level distortions," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, volume 183, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105243.
• Feng, Shuaizhang & Liu, Jieyi & Lu, Jingliang, 2026, "The decline of age-friendly jobs in China: Evidence from online job vacancies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 155, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107399.
• Cociuba, Simona E. & MacGee, James C., 2026, "Sectoral reallocations with an aging population," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105182.
• Xue, Melanie Meng, 2026, "Crowd-sourced Chinese genealogies as data for demographic and economic history," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, volume 99, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101734.
• Graziani, Rebecca & Nigri, Andrea, 2026, "An age–period–cohort model in a Dirichlet framework: A coherent causes of death estimation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, volume 126, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2025.103194.
• Galván, Estefanía & Tenenbaum, Victoria, 2026, "Gender gaps in academia: The role of children," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 241, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107380.
• Xue, Melanie, 2026, "Crowd-sourced Chinese genealogies as data for demographic and economic history," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 130282, Jan.
• Augustine C. Arize & John Malindretos & Ike Ndu & Moschos Scoullis & Theodoros Stamatopoulos, 2026, "Determinants of Health Care Demand and Expenditure: A Review of the Literature," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), volume 0, issue 1, pages 03-10.
• Azizi Youssef & El hiri Abderrazak, 2026, "Population Aging, Healthcare Expenditure and Public Debt Sustainability in OECD and EU Countries: A Systematic Review," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), volume 0, issue 1, pages 11-33.
• Zandile Virtue Dlamini & Priscilla Xoliswa Majola, 2026, "Strategic Alignment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Enhancing Service Delivery in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), volume 0, issue 1, pages 54-70.
• Saurav Kumar, 2026, "Gen Alpha Brand Loyalty Theory," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, volume 16, issue 1, pages 44-55.
• Magdalena Kowalska & Michal Roman & Ewa Chomac-Pierzecka & Krzysztof Czyrka, 2026, "Micro-Credentials in Polish Higher Education: Current Landscape and Future Directions," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 1, pages 279-297.
• Boriana Goranova & Santiago Calvo Ramos, 2026, "The Impact of Ageing on the Fiscal Sustainability of EU Health Care Systems," European Economy - Economic Briefs, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission, number 088, Jan.
• Hannah Landel & David A. Love & Paul A. Smith, 2026, "Inequality in Comprehensive Wealth," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), number 2026-007, Jan, DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2026.007.
• Wim Naudé, 2026, "To Infinity and Beyond! Anthropocentric Stories of Innovation and Growth," CeBER Working Papers, Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra, number 2026-03, Feb.
• Carlsson, Mikael & Häkkinen Skans, Iida & Nordström Skans, Oskar, 2026, "Outsider Unemployment, Insider Wages, and the Disappearance of the Swedish Wage Curve," Working Paper Series, Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden), number 459, Jan.
• Gloria Moroni & Cheti Nicoletti & Kjell Salvanes & Emma Tominey, 2026, "Gender Equality Through Marriage," Working Papers, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group, number 2025-011, Jan.
• August Letlet & Karan Rai & Bhavesh Garg, 2026, "Age Structure And Inflation Dynamics In Pacific Island Economies," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, volume 29, issue 1, pages 1-20, February, DOI: https://doi.org/10.59091/2460-9196..
• Jakir Hussain Mazumder & Bharat Diwakar, 2026, "Income inequality and the aging-inflation nexus: evidence from emerging and developing economies," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, volume 59, issue 1, pages 1-36, February, DOI: 10.1007/s10644-025-09935-7.
• Charles Yuji Horioka, 2026, "The Impact of Population Aging on the Household Saving Rate: The Case of Japan," Discussion Paper Series, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, number DP2026-02, Jan.
• Milagros Onofri & Inés Berniell & Raquel Fernández & Azul Menduiña, 2026, "Understanding Latin America’s Fertility Decline: Age, Education, and Cohort Dynamics," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 34749, Jan.
• Nicolas Crouzet & Pulak Ghosh & Apoorv Gupta & Filippo Mezzanotti, 2026, "Demographics and Technology Diffusion: Evidence from Mobile Payments," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 34885, Feb.

2025

• Steven N. Durlauf, 2025, "How the World Became Rich by Mark Koyama and Jared Rubin and Slouching Towards Utopia by J. Bradford DeLong: A Review Essay," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, volume 63, issue 1, pages 288-305, March, DOI: 10.1257/jel.20231724.
• Yili Chien & Wenxin Du & Hanno Lustig, 2025, "Japan's Debt Puzzle: Sovereign Wealth Fund from Borrowed Money," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 39, issue 4, pages 3-26, Fall, DOI: 10.1257/jep.20251452.
• Jaroszewski Vladimir, 2025, "Informalidad laboral y presión previsional: Simulaciones de sostenibilidad ante el envejecimiento poblacional," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política, number 4810, Dec.
• Romualdas Ginevicius & Laima Okuneviciute Neverauskiene & Roman Trishch & Daiva Andriusaitiene & Viktorija Stasytyte, 2025, "Assessment of Demographic Profile of European Union Countries," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, volume 27, issue 70, pages 1109-1109, August.
• Lee, Jong-Wha & SONG, Eunbi, 2025, "Women's Education, Employment, and Cost of Family Formation: A Structural Analysis of Fertility Decline in Korea," AGI Working Paper Series, Asian Growth Research Institute, number 2025-15, Sep.
• Alfonso Diez-Minguela & Francisco J. Goerlich & Rafael González Val & Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat, 2025, "Historical Population Grids and Settlement Dynamics in Spain: Spatial Distribution, Territorial Heterogeneity, and Depopulation from 1887 to 2021," Documentos de Trabajo (DT-AEHE), Asociación Española de Historia Económica, number 2505, Nov.
• Neslihan Gence ŞEN TOPRAK & Binnaz ÇOBAN, 2025, "Koruyucu Sağlık Hizmetleri İş Gücü Verimliliğini Artırır mı? Bootstrap Panel Granger Nedensellik Testine Dayalı Ekonometrik Bir Analiz," Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, Ersan ERSOY, volume 10, issue 1, pages 269-302, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1591.
• Natalia A. Ekimova, 2025, "Modeling Demographic Growth in Russia: Factors, Mechanisms, Reserves," Journal of Applied Economic Research, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, volume 24, issue 2, pages 386-414, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.20.
• Ksenia A. Subkhangulova, 2025, "The Influence of Demographic Processes on Social Dynamics in Developed Countries," Journal of Applied Economic Research, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, volume 24, issue 3, pages 816-842, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.20.
• Costa, Dora & Bygren, Lars Olov & Graf, Benedikt & Karlsson, Martin & Price, Joseph, 2025, "Economy, the Ghost in Your Gene, and the Escape from Premature Mortality," CINCH Working Paper Series (since 2020), Duisburg-Essen University Library, DuEPublico, number 82948, Jan, DOI: 10.17185/duepublico/82948.
• Mikhail A. Maximov & Nikita V. Migunov, 2025, "Socio-economic and Demographic Factors of Excess Mortality Due to the Coronavirus Pandemic in Regions of Russia," Population and Economics, ARPHA Platform, volume 9, issue 1, pages 129-154, April, DOI: 10.3897/popecon.9.e119882.
• Marina A. Donets & Tatiana A. Doroshenko & Elena A. Rossoshanskaya, 2025, "Assessment of the Far East Regions Population Size Based on Territorial Changes Since 1939," Population and Economics, ARPHA Platform, volume 9, issue 3, pages 1-25, September, DOI: 10.3897/popecon.9.e139017.
• Mikhail A. Maximov, 2025, "Cohort Effect in Mortality from HIV and Tuberculosis in Russia," Population and Economics, ARPHA Platform, volume 9, issue 4, pages 115-127, November, DOI: 10.3897/popecon.9.e160028.
• Tomasz Gajderowicz & Maciej Jakubowski & Alec Kennedy & Christian Christrup Kjeldsen & Harry Anthony Patrinos & Rolf Strietholt, 2025, "The Learning Crisis: Three Years After COVID-19," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2501.01260, Jan.
• Jesus Ramos-Martin & Shigeru Matsumoto, 2025, "Impact of changes in the distribution of household types on residential energy consumption in Spain, 2006-2023," UHE Working papers, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament d'Economia i Història Econòmica, Unitat d'Història Econòmica, number 2025_01, Mar.
• Justin-Damien Guénette & Lin Shao, 2025, "Assessing the Impact of Demographic Composition on Productivity," Discussion Papers, Bank of Canada, number 2025-03, Mar, DOI: 10.34989/sdp-2025-3.
• Teresa Sastre & Marta Suárez-Varela & Pilar Cuadrado & Enrica Di Stefano, 2025, "Factores que influyen sobre los flujos migratorios hacia España y otras economías avanzadas," Boletín Económico, Banco de España, issue 2025/T2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.53479/39845.
• Francesca Carta & Domenico Depalo, 2025, "Country demographic and socio-economic structure and household consumption," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers), Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area, number 920, Apr.
• Gaetano Basso & Elena Gentili & Salvatore Lattanzio & Giacomo Roma, 2025, "Migration flows and policies in Italy and in other European countries," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers), Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area, number 923, Apr.
• Julián A. Parra-Polanía & Juan D. Ladino Riveros, 2025, "Fuerza de trabajo y envejecimiento poblacional," Borradores de Economia, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, number 1308, Mar, DOI: 10.32468/be.1308.
• Benjamin Bridgman, 2025, "A Century of Super–Rich Longevity," BEA Papers, Bureau of Economic Analysis, number 0135, Feb.
• Enriqueta Camps, 2025, "Female Education, Wage Gap, Demographic Transition and Economic Growth: Methodological Notes from the Catalan Case (1900-2020)," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1498, Jul.
• Hiroaki Sasaki & Noriki Fukatani & Daisuke Imai & Yusuke Kamanaka, 2025, "Sustainable Economic Growth in an Economy With Exhaustible Resources and a Declining Population Under the Balance‐of‐Payments Constraint," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, volume 77, issue 3, pages 328-345, July, DOI: 10.1111/boer.12488.
• Claudia Goldin, 2025, "Babies and the macroeconomy," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, volume 92, issue 367, pages 675-700, July, DOI: 10.1111/ecca.12585.
• Ronald B. Davies & Lena S. Specht, 2025, "Brexit and foreign students in gravity," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 33, issue 1, pages 290-333, February, DOI: 10.1111/roie.12750.
• Steven Brakman & Tristan Kohl & Charles van Marrewijk, 2025, "DemoGravity: World Population and Trade in the 21st Century," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 33, issue 2, pages 486-501, May, DOI: 10.1111/roie.12782.
• Cipriani Giam Pietro & Fioroni Tamara, 2025, "Healthy Grands, Fertility and Pensions," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, volume 25, issue 1, pages 121-145, DOI: 10.1515/bejm-2024-0112.
• Esposito Mathilde, 2025, "Workforce Aging, Growth and Productivity," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, volume 25, issue 2, pages 553-593, DOI: 10.1515/bejm-2024-0114.
• Breyer Friedrich, 2025, "Kapitaldeckung in der Pflegeversicherung – die Rolle der Eigentumsrechte," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, De Gruyter, volume 26, issue 1, pages 49-61, DOI: 10.1515/pwp-2024-0035.
• Brändle, Thomas & Colombier, Carsten & Lerch, Benjamin, 2025, "Determinants of Healthcare Expenditure: Evidence from Switzerland between 1960-2022," Working papers, Faculty of Business and Economics - University of Basel, number 2025/06, Jun.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2025, "The Demographic Outlook: 2025 to 2055," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 60875, Jan.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2025, "Effects of the Surge in Immigration on State and Local Budgets in 2023," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 61256, Jun.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2025, "An Update to the Demographic Outlook, 2025 to 2055," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 61390, Sep.
• Riga Qi, 2025, "Destroy and Build? Economic Effects of Centres de Regroupement in the Algerian War," CERGE-EI Working Papers, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague, number wp806, Dec.
• Ward Romp & Roel Beetsma & Matthias Busse & Martin Larch, 2025, "Some Intergenerational Arithmetic to Control Public Debt in the EU," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11669.
• Rainer Kotschy & Uwe Sunde, 2025, "Gender Gaps in Patience, Risk-Taking, Trust, and Prosociality Have Declined Across Birth Cohorts," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12173.
• Matteo Cervellati & Gerrit Meyerheim & Uwe Sunde, 2025, "Income, Democracy, and Growth: Reconciling Evidence and Theory," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12174.
• Effrosyni Adamopoulou & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & Karen Kopecky, 2025, "The Role of Friends in the Opioid Epidemic," Working Papers, CEMFI, number wp2025_2520, Oct.
• Carlos Andrés Brando, 2025, "From Sink to Source: Demographic Change and Early Health Transition in Bogotá, 1878-1938," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 2025-41, Dec.
• Richard Jaimes Bonilla & Javier Esteban Martínez, 2025, "Age Structure and Monetary Policy Transmission: Conventional vs. Unconventional Shocks in the Euro Area," Vniversitas Económica, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá, volume 25, issue 2, pages 1-35, June.
• Hindriks, Jean & Mauroy, Théo, 2025, "Enjeux budgétaires et démographiques dans l’Enseignement," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE), number 2025017, Sep.
• Anson Zhou, 2025, "The Fertility, Marriage, and Gender Equality Quandary," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin), number 25134, Dec.
• Gloria Moroni & Cheti Nicoletti & Kjell G. Salvanes & Emma Tominey, 2025, "Gender equality through marriage," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin), number 25140, Dec.
• Matéo Moglia, 2025, "The Spatial Impacts of Population Ageing," Working Papers, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, number 2025-15, Nov.
• Federico, Giovanni & Tena Junguito, Antonio, 2025, "World Population 1800-1938," IFCS - Working Papers in Economic History.WH, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto Figuerola, number 45843, Jan.
• Shirlee LICHTMAN-SADOT & Neta BNEHSHALOM-TIROSH & Eyal SHEINER, 2025, "Conflict, rockets, and birth outcomes: evidence from Israel's Operation Protective Edge," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, volume 91, issue 1, pages 119-145, March, DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.18.
• Manfei LI & Uwe SUNDE, 2025, "Restrictive fertility policy and elderly suicides: evidence from China," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, volume 91, issue 1, pages 166-190, March, DOI: 10.1017/dem.2023.18.
• Arthur JACOBS & Freddy HEYLEN, 2025, "Demographic change, secular stagnation, and inequality: automation as a blessing?," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, volume 91, issue 4, pages 508-548, December, DOI: 10.1017/dem.2024.10.
• Arjun JANA & Srinivas GOLI, 2025, "Gazing at long-term linkages between agricultural land use and population growth in India: an inverted “U-shape” relationship," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, volume 91, issue 4, pages 596-640, December, DOI: 10.1017/dem.2024.20.
• Federico BARBIELLINI AMIDEI & Matteo GOMELLINI & Lorenzo INCORONATO & Paolo PISELLI, 2025, "The age-productivity profile: long-run evidence from Italian regions," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, volume 91, issue 4, pages 641-662, December, DOI: 10.1017/dem.2024.24.
• Bucci, Alberto & Carbonari, Lorenzo & Trivin, Pedro & Trovato, Giovanni, 2025, "Human capital-based growth with depopulation and class-size effects: theory and empirics – ERRATUM," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 29, issue , pages 1-1, January.
• Donaldson, John B. & Koulovatianos, Christos & Li, Jian & Mehra, Rajnish, 2025, "Demographics and FDI: lessons from China’s one-child policy," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 29, issue , pages 1-1, January.
• Bucci, Alberto & Carbonari, Lorenzo & Trivin, Pedro & Trovato, Giovanni, 2025, "Human capital-based growth with depopulation and class-size effects: theory and empirics," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 29, issue , pages 1-1, January.
• Hyunduk Suh & Nathaniel A. Throckmorton, 2025, "Low Fertility and the Fiscal Limit: Inflation Possibilities in East Asia," Working Papers, Economics Department, William & Mary, number 171, Jul, DOI: 10.21220/GH09-1662.
• Thilo Kroeger, 2025, "Germany’s Labor Market: Increasingly Service-Oriented and Highly Skilled," DIW Weekly Report, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, volume 15, issue 42/43, pages 287-295.
• Thilo Kroeger, 2025, "Deutschlands Arbeitsmarkt: Zunehmend dienstleistungsorientiert und hochqualifiziert," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, volume 92, issue 43, pages 679-687.
• Quang-Thanh Tran, 2025, "Fertility and R&D-based Growth: The Role of Higher Education," Working Papers, Development and Policies Research Center (DEPOCEN), Vietnam, number 198.
• Francesco Chiocchio & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & Karen A. Kopecky, 2025, "Opioids and Post-COVID Labor-Force Participation," Economie d'Avant Garde Research Reports, Economie d'Avant Garde, number 41, May.
• Berson, Clémence & Dias Da Silva, António & Weißler, Marco, 2025, "The role of demographics in recent developments in the unemployment rate," Economic Bulletin Boxes, European Central Bank, volume 1.
• Abreha, Kaleb & Johnson, Trinity & Robertson, Raymond, 2025, "Is crime a “root cause” of Central American emigration? Evidence from El Salvador," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 174, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103456.
• Dao, Nguyen Thang & Vasilakis, Chrysovalantis, 2025, "The demographic transition and stagnation in countries vulnerable to climate change," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, volume 178, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105141.
• Wang, Yan & Conesa, Juan Carlos, 2025, "The evolution of income and wealth inequality in China," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, volume 179, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105167.
• Lee, Jong-Wha & Song, Eunbi, 2025, "Demographic change and long-term economic growth path in Asia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 147, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107043.
• Ghate, Chetan & Gopalakrishnan, Pawan & Saha, Anuradha, 2025, "The Great Indian Savings Puzzle," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 150, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107096.
• Chen, Shiyi & Li, Yunpeng & Sun, Qinzhu, 2025, "Population aging and innovation slowdown: Dual mechanisms of firm cost structure and consumption preference," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 150, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107120.
• Lee, Jangyoun & Suh, Hyunduk, 2025, "Long-run effects of super low fertility on housing markets," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 150, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107125.
• Yang, Xintong & Li, Jiao & Yi, Chengdong, 2025, "How demographic changes reshape the housing sector: Evidence from China’s labor allocation and price dynamics," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 151, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107161.
• Fernández-Bastidas, Rocío & Pycroft, Jonathan, 2025, "Mind the (narrowing) gender gap: Implications of labour market changes for EU pension sustainability," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 151, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107185.
• Zhang, Xin & Zhang, Jie & Chen, Fanglin, 2025, "Climate shocks and fertility intentions: Evidence from extreme temperature events," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 151, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107223.
• Ren, Xianling & Qiao, Jinbao & Ji, Jianyue, 2025, "Population aging and intensified economic downside risk: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 152, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107304.
• Skufi, Lorena & Papavangjeli, Meri & Geršl, Adam, 2025, "Migration, remittances, and wage-inflation spillovers: The case of Albania," Economic Systems, Elsevier, volume 49, issue 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2025.101323.
• Diaz, Antonia & Dolado, Juan J. & Jáñez, Álvaro & Wellschmied, Felix, 2025, "Labor reallocation effects of furlough schemes: Evidence from two recessions in Spain," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 171, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104894.
• Boultzis, Ilias, 2025, "Preying on the young: Intergenerational conflict, rent seeking and growth," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 173, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.104959.
• Rai, Karan & Garg, Bhavesh, 2025, "Demographic transition and financial assets," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, volume 69, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ememar.2025.101340.
• Zhang, Longmei & Brooks, Ray & Ding, Ding & Ding, Haiyan & He, Hui & Lu, Jing & Mano, Rui C., 2025, "China's high savings: Drivers, prospects, and policy implications," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, volume 69, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ememar.2025.101355.
• Li, Yan & Huang, Yuyang, 2025, "Social security, digital literacy, and relative poverty in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, volume 71, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2024.106446.
• Qiu, Weijian & Yang, Wenxuan & Qiu, Le, 2025, "Population aging, market competition and enterprise green innovation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, volume 74, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2024.106596.
• Carvalho, Carlos & Ferrero, Andrea & Mazin, Felipe & Nechio, Fernanda, 2025, "Reprint of: Demographics and real interest rates across countries and over time," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, volume 156, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2025.104136.
• Carvalho, Carlos & Ferrero, Andrea & Mazin, Felipe & Nechio, Fernanda, 2025, "Demographics and real interest rates across countries and over time," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, volume 157, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2025.104127.
• Bégin, Jean-François & Boudreault, Mathieu & Landry, Thomas, 2025, "Modelling seasonal mortality: An age–period–cohort approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, volume 125, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2025.103162.
• Peralta, Catarina & Gil, Pedro Mazeda, 2025, "Automation, education, and population: Dynamic effects in an OLG growth and fertility model," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 234, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107002.
• Abad, Nicolas & Etner, Johanna & Raffin, Natacha & Seegmuller, Thomas, 2025, "New fertility patterns: The role of human versus physical capital," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, volume 228, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106037.
• Wang, Qin & Liu, Tong & Kong, Dongmin & Zhang, Wenzhe, 2025, "Firm’s aging perception and debt leverage: A textual analysis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, volume 153, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2025.103295.
• Schindler, Yannick & Scott, Andrew J., 2025, "The macroeconomic impact of chronic disease in the United Kingdom," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 32, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100590.
• Lechevalier, Sébastien & Monfort, Brieuc, 2025, "Japan at the forefront of the economics of aging? A bibliometric analysis," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 32, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100601.
• Yamada, Tomoaki, 2025, "Macroeconomic and fiscal implications of changes in the labor share under population aging in Japan," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 32, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2025.100608.
• Darvas, Zsolt & Welslau, Lennard & Zettelmeyer, Jeromin, 2025, "Demographic change will hit public debt sustainability in European Union countries," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, volume 47, issue 6, pages 1131-1157, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2025.09.004.
• Ogasawara, Kota & Igarashi, Erika, 2025, "The impacts of the gender imbalance on the marriage market: Evidence from World War II in Japan," Labour Economics, Elsevier, volume 92, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102653.
• Boddin, Dominik & Kroeger, Thilo, 2025, "Disentangling structural change, servitization, and skill-biased change," Labour Economics, Elsevier, volume 97, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102778.
• Asquith, Brian J. & Mast, Evan, 2025, "Birth dearth and local population decline," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, volume 115, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104159.
• Bravo, Jorge Miguel & Ayuso, Mercedes & El Mekkaoui, Najat, 2025, "Assessing the effectiveness of recent pension reforms: The French experiment," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, volume 102, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102335.
• Jong-Wha Lee & Eunbi Song, 2025, "Women's Education, Employment, and Cost of Family Formation: A Structural Analysis of Fertility Decline in Korea," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2025-51, Sep.
• Gaddy, Hampton & Gargiulo, Maria, 2025, "Can we estimate crisis death tolls by subtracting total population estimates? a critical review and appraisal," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 128030, Apr.
• Schindler, Yannick & Scott, Andrew J., 2025, "The macroeconomic impact of chronic disease in the United Kingdom," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 128627, Dec.
• Simmons, Sally Sonia & Hagan Jr, John Elvis & Schack, Thomas, 2025, "Generative data modelling for diverse populations in Africa: insights from South Africa," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 129032, Jul.
• Krenz, Astrid & Strulik, Holger, 2025, "Male excess mortality during the epidemiological transition: theory and evidence from India," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 129467, Dec.
• Gaddy, Hampton & Sear, Rebecca & Fortunato, Laura, 2025, "High rates of polygyny do not lock large proportions of men out of the marriage market," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 129690, Oct.
• Xue, Melanie, 2025, "Crowd-sourced Chinese genealogies as a tool for historical demography," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 129939, Oct.
• Xue, Melanie, 2025, "Crowd-sourced Chinese genealogies as a tool for historical demography," Economic History Working Papers, London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economic History, number 129939, Oct.
• Gregori Galofré-Vilà & María Gómez León, 2025, "Provincial Health Inequalities in Spain Since 1860," Research in Economic History, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research in Economic History, volume 38", DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820250000038001.
• Augustine C. Arize & John Malindretos & Ike Ndu & Moschos Scoullis & Theodoros Stamatopoulos, 2025, "Determinants of Health Care Demand and Expenditure: A Review of the Literature," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, volume 15, issue 4, pages 199-206.
• Cecylia Sadowska-Snarska & Marta Marzena Sosnowska, 2025, "Raising the Effective Retirement Age as a Challenge for the Polish Labour Market," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 2, pages 307-325.
• Piotr Niemcewicz & Julia Ziolkowska, 2025, "Public Expenditure on the Healthcare Sector in an Ageing Society of the European Union," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 3, pages 1708-1719.
• F. Javier Rodríguez Román & Lidia Cruces de Sousa, 2025, "Financial Incentives to Fertility: From Short to Long Run," UB School of Economics Working Papers, University of Barcelona School of Economics, number 2025/481.
• Andrea Ballabio & Donato Berardi & Roberto Bianchini & Francesca Casarico & Fedele De Novellis & Andrea Tenconi & Nicol? Valle, 2025, "Il ruolo delle utilities italiane nella gestione dei principali macrotrend globali," ECONOMIA PUBBLICA, FrancoAngeli Editore, volume 2025, issue 2, pages 267-303.
• Carlo Andrea Bollino & Marzio Galeotti, 2025, "Native-borns and migrants do not contribute equally to domestic CO2 emissions," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2025.17, Aug.
• Mary A. Burke & Nathaniel R. Nelson, 2025, "Why New England’s Labor Force Participation Has Been Recovering So Slowly since the COVID-19 Pandemic," New England Public Policy Center Research Report, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, number 25-1, Jan.
• Francesco Chiocchio & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & Karen A. Kopecky, 2025, "Opioids and Post-COVID Labor-Force Participation," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, number 25-13, May, DOI: 10.26509/frbc-wp-202513.
• Rohit Garimella & Òscar Jordà & Sanjay R. Singh, 2025, "A New Labor Market Stress Indicator," Working Paper Series, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, number 2025-31, Dec, DOI: 10.24148/wp2025-31.
• Leila Bengali & Mary C. Daly & Evgeniya A. Duzhak & Cindy Zhao, 2025, "Pulled Out or Pushed Out? Declining Male Labor Force Participation," Working Paper Series, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, number 2025-07, Apr, DOI: 10.24148/wp2025-07.
• Stefania Albanesi, 2025, "Changing Business Cycles: The Role of Women’s Employment," Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, number 109, Jan, DOI: 10.21034/iwp.109.
• Roberto Basile & Francesca Centofanti & Giovanna Ciaffi & Francesca Licari, , "Demographic effects of earthquakes in center-south Italy," Public Finance Research Papers, Istituto di Economia e Finanza, DSGE, Sapienza University of Rome, number 75.
• Nicolas Abad & Johanna Etner & Natacha Raffin & Thomas Seegmuller, 2025, "New fertility patterns: The role of human versus physical capital," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-04577278, Sep, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106037.
• Paolo Melindi-Ghidi & Thomas Seegmuller, 2025, "The dynamics of fertility under environmental concerns," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-05294886, Jun, DOI: 10.1007/s10640-025-00994-y.
• Kalle Kappner, 2025, "The mortality impact of cholera in Germany," Working Papers, European Historical Economics Society (EHES), number 0273, Feb.
• Moroni, Gloria & Nicoletti, Cheti & Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar & Tominey, Emma, 2025, "Gender equality through marriage," Discussion Paper Series in Economics, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics, number 20/2025, Nov.
• Francesco Chiocchio & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & Karen Kopecky, 2025, "Opioids and Post-COVID Labor-Force Participation," Working Papers, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group, number 2025-007, Sep.
• Nina Petrukha & Serhii Petrukha & Yevhenii Velykyi, 2025, "Economic Consequences of the Demographic Crisis and Population Ageing," Oblik i finansi, Institute of Accounting and Finance, issue 3, pages 206-221, September, DOI: 10.33146/2518-1181-2025-3(109)-206-.
• Jacob Funk Kirkegaard, 2025, "Managing an aging society: Learning the right lessons from Japan," Working Paper Series, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number WP25-4, Apr.
• Japneer Kaur, 2025, "Boys at risk of academic decline? Evidence from a longitudinal study," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India, number 2025-016, Jun.
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• Javier Olivera & Jan De Mulder, 2025, "Ageing and the distribution of wealth in Europe," Working Papers, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, number 685, Aug.
• Costa, Dora L. & Bygren, Lars Olov & Graf, Benedikt & Karlsson, Martin & Price, Joseph, 2025, "The Economy, the Ghost in Your Gene and the Escape from Premature Mortality," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17620, Jan.
• Arellano-Bover, Jaime & Bianchi, Nicola & Lattanzio, Salvatore & Paradisi, Matteo, 2025, "One Cohort at a Time: A New Perspective on the Declining Gender Pay Gap," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17621, Jan.
• Patrinos, Harry Anthony & Jakubowski, Maciej & Gajderowicz, Tomasz, 2025, "The Learning Crisis in the United States Three Years After COVID-19," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17755, Mar.
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• Calvo, Paula & Iyigun, Murat & Lafortune, Jeanne, 2025, "Trapped in Purgatory? The Impact of Divorce Laws on Women’s Welfare with Separation," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 18093, Aug.
• Fernández-Huertas Moraga, Jesús, 2025, "The Second Spanish Immigration Boom," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 18185, Oct.
• Kawata, Keisuke & Komura, Mizuki, 2025, "Only-Child Matching Penalty in the Marriage Market," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 18198, Oct.
• Moroni, Gloria & Nicoletti, Cheti & Salvanes, Kjell G. & Tominey, Emma, 2025, "Gender Equality Through Marriage," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 18288, Nov.
• SILBERG Slavka & MISHCHUK Halyna & VASA Laszlo & MARTYNIUK Petro, 2025, "Migration Models Based on Diffusion and Determinants Gradients: Beyond the Gravity Theory," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 02, June.
• Zehranur Sanioğlu-Tanış & Duygu Dündar-Öztaşçı & İbrahim Özmen, 2025, "Fertility and women unemployment: new evidence from Türkiye," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, volume 58, issue 6, pages 1-39, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10644-025-09934-8.
• Camille Signoretto, 2025, "Dismissal regulation and hiring and dismissal decisions: a decisive factor? the case of the French labor market reforms," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, volume 60, issue 2, pages 285-330, October, DOI: 10.1007/s10657-024-09805-z.
• Camille Signoretto, 2025, "Correction: Dismissal regulation and hiring and dismissal decisions: a decisive factor? the case of the French labor market reforms," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, volume 60, issue 2, pages 331-331, October, DOI: 10.1007/s10657-024-09819-7.
• Paolo Melindi-Ghidi & Thomas Seegmuller, 2025, "The Dynamics of Fertility Under Environmental Concerns," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, volume 88, issue 11, pages 2969-2997, November, DOI: 10.1007/s10640-025-00994-y.
• Hakan Yilmazkuday, 2025, "Unequal inflationary effects of tariffs across socio-demographic groups," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, volume 22, issue 4, pages 1-24, October, DOI: 10.1007/s10368-025-00682-8.
• Bharat Diwakar & Jakir Hussain Mazumder, 2025, "Older population, inflation expectations, and COVID-19: evidence from India’s household expectation survey," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, volume 22, issue 4, pages 1-39, October, DOI: 10.1007/s10368-025-00689-1.
• Paul Romer & Roberto Samaniego & Remi Jedwab & Asif M. Islam, 2025, "Scars of pandemics from lost schooling and experience: aggregate implications and gender differences through the lens of COVID-19," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, volume 30, issue 1, pages 1-47, March, DOI: 10.1007/s10887-024-09246-y.
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• Friedrich Breyer, 2025, "Kapitaldeckung in der Pflegeversicherung – die Rolle der Eigentumsrechte," Working Paper Series of the Department of Economics, University of Konstanz, Department of Economics, University of Konstanz, number 2025-01, Jan.
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• Lakshmi Ullas & and Amrita Chatterjee, 2025, "Co-residence with Adult Children and Elderly Mental Health: Evidence from India," Working Papers, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India, number 2025-284, Jun.
• Stefan Fetzer & Fabian Franke & Christian Hagist, 2025, "Windfall Profits in the German Long-term Care System: Initial Expectation and Variation Over Time," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, volume 81, issue 1, pages 59-84, DOI: 10.1628/fa-2025-0006.
• Dora Costa & Lars Olov Bygren & Benedikt Graf & Martin Karlsson & Joseph Price, 2025, "The Economy, the Ghost in Your Gene, and the Escape from Premature Mortality," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 33343, Jan.
• Francesco Chiocchio & Jeremy Greenwood & Nezih Guner & Karen Kopecky, 2025, "Opioids and Post-COVID Labor-Force Participation," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 33717, Apr.
• Zvi Eckstein & Michael P. Keane & Osnat Lifshitz, 2025, "What Explains Growing Gender and Racial Education Gaps?," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 33869, May.
• Mark Budolfson & Michael Geruso & Kevin J. Kuruc & Dean Spears & Sangita Vyas, 2025, "Is Less Really More? Comparing the Climate and Productivity Impacts of a Shrinking Population," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 33932, Jun.
• David Autor & Neil Thompson, 2025, "Expertise," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 33941, Jun.
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• Ralitsa Veleva, 2025, "The Silver Economy in the European Perspective," Ikonomiceski i Sotsialni Alternativi, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 2, pages 47-64, July.
• Donal Smith & Robert Grundke & Marius Bickmann & Tony Huang, 2025, "Assessing the impact of global demographic change on the German economy," OECD Economics Department Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 1839, Aug.
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• Oecd, 2025, "OECD global long-run economic scenarios: 2025 update," OECD Economic Policy Papers, OECD Publishing, number 36, Sep.