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Market Structure, Bargaining, and Technology Choice

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  • Roman Inderst
  • Christian Wey

Abstract

The first part of this paper analyzes the impact of horizontal mergers of suppliers or retailers on their respective bargaining power. In contrast to previous approaches, we suppose that parties resolve the bargaining problem efficiently. Moreover, by ensuring that demand is independent at all retailers we exclude monopolization effects. We find that downstream mergers are more likely (less likely) if suppliers have increasing (decreasing) unit costs, while upstream mergers are more likely (less likely) if goods are substitutes (complements). In both cases a merger enables the involved parties to gain access to inframarginal rents. In the second part of the paper we explore how the role of bargaining power affects technology choice under different market structures. We isolate two effects. First, if retailers are non-integrated, suppliers focus disproportionately more on inframarginal cost reduction. Second, this bias is mitigated if goods are substitutes and suppliers are non-integrated as competition exerts a disciplining force. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG - (Horizontale Unternehmenszusammenschlüsse, Verhandlungen und die Wahl der Produktionstechnologie) Der erste Teil des Aufsatzes zeigt, wie sich horizontale Zusammenschlüsse zwischen Produzenten und Einzelhändlern auf die Verhandlungsmacht der Vertragsparteien auswirken. Im Gegensatz zu vorhergehenden Ansätzen nehmen wir an, daß die Parteien ihre Verhandlungsprobleme effizient lösen. Des weiteren unterstellen wir, daß die Einzelhändler Märkte bedienen, die unabhängig voneinander sind, wodurch Monopolisierungsvorteile ausgeschlossen werden. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Einzelhändler einen Zusammenschluß favorisieren, wenn die Stückkosten der Produzenten mit zunehmender Ausbringungsmenge ansteigen. Umgekehrt sind die gemeinsamen Gewinne unabhängiger Einzelhändler höher als bei einem Zusammenschluß, wenn die Stückkosten der Produzenten fallend verlaufen. Die Produzenten können ihre gemeinsamen Gewinne durch eine Fusion steigern, wenn ihre Erzeugnisse substituierbar sind. Stehen die Güter der Produzenten in einem komplementären Verhältnis zueinander, so ist ein Zusammenschluß nicht vorteilhaft. Diese Ergebnisse sind unabhängig von der Struktur der anderen Marktseite. Allgemein gilt sowohl für die Produzenten als auch für die Einzelhändler, daß ein Zusammenschluß den Zugriff auf inframarginale Renten der anderen Marktseite ermöglicht. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit untersuchen wir, wie die Berücksichtigung von Verhandlungsmacht die Technologiewahl eines Produzenten bei unterschiedlichen Marktstrukturen beeinflußt. Wir können zwei Effekte isolieren. (1) Produzenten haben einen Anreiz Kosteneinsparungen bei inframarginalen Ausbringungsmengen zu Lasten von höheren Gesamtkosten zu tauschen, wenn die Einzelhändler nicht zusammengeschlossen sind. (2) Diese Verzerrung hin zu einer ineffizienten Technologiewahl wird abgemildert, wenn die Güter substituierbar sind und die Produzenten unabhängig agieren, weil Konkurrenz eine disziplinierende Funktion ausübt.

Suggested Citation

  • Roman Inderst & Christian Wey, 2000. "Market Structure, Bargaining, and Technology Choice," CIG Working Papers FS IV 00-12, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB), Research Unit: Competition and Innovation (CIG).
  • Handle: RePEc:wzb:wzebiv:fsiv00-12
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Roman Inderst & Greg Shaffer, 2007. "Retail Mergers, Buyer Power and Product Variety," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 117(516), pages 45-67, January.
    2. Inderst, Roman & Wey, Christian, 2007. "Buyer power and supplier incentives," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 647-667, April.
    3. Inderst, Roman & Wey, Christian, 2003. "Bargaining, Mergers, and Technology Choice in Bilaterally Oligopolistic Industries," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 34(1), pages 1-19, Spring.
    4. Chiara Fumagalli & Massimo Motta, 2008. "Buyers’ Miscoordination, Entry and Downstream Competition," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(531), pages 1196-1222, August.
    5. Battigalli, Pierpaolo & Fumagalli, Chiara & Polo, Michele, 2007. "Buyer power and quality improvements," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 45-61, June.

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