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Evaluating Public Programs with Close Substitutes: The Case of Head Start

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Zhewen Pan & Zhengxin Wang & Junsen Zhang & Yahong Zhou, 2026. "Marginal Treatment Effects in the Absence of Instrumental Variables," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(4), pages 465-480, June.
  2. Carta, Francesca & Rizzica, Lucia, 2018. "Early kindergarten, maternal labor supply and children's outcomes: Evidence from Italy," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 79-102.
  3. Clint Harris, 2022. "Interpreting Instrumental Variable Estimands with Unobserved Treatment Heterogeneity: The Effects of College Education," Papers 2211.13132, arXiv.org.
  4. Jessica H. Brown, 2018. "Does Public Pre-K Have Unintended Consequences on the Child Care Market for Infants and Toddlers?," Working Papers 626, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
  5. John Eric Humphries & Aurélie Ouss & Kamelia Stavreva & Megan T Stevenson & Winnie van Dijk, 2025. "Conviction, Incarceration, and Recidivism: Understanding the Revolving Door," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 140(4), pages 2907-2962.
  6. Jorge Luis García & James J. Heckman & Duncan Ermini Leaf & María José Prados, 2017. "Quantifying the Life-cycle Benefits of a Prototypical Early Childhood Program," NBER Working Papers 23479, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  7. Chen, Jiafeng, 2026. "Nonparametric treatment effect identification in school choice," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
  8. Giesecke, Matthias & Schuss, Eric, 2019. "Heterogeneity in marginal returns to language training of immigrants," IAB-Discussion Paper 201919, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
  9. Niklas Bengtsson & Per Engstrom, 2026. "The Cascade Identity: 2SLS as a Policy Parameter in Capacity-Constrained Settings," Papers 2603.21917, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2026.
  10. List, John A. & Momeni, Fatemeh & Zenou, Yves, 2020. "The Social Side of Early Human Capital Formation: Using a Field Experiment to Estimate the Causal Impact of Neighborhoods," IZA Discussion Papers 13966, IZA Network @ LISER.
  11. Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak & Iffath Sharif & Maheshwor Shrestha, 2023. "Returns to International Migration: Evidence from a Bangladesh-Malaysia Visa Lottery," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(4), pages 353-388, October.
  12. Jens Dietrichson & Ida Lykke Kristiansen & Bjørn A. Viinholt, 2020. "Universal Preschool Programs And Long‐Term Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(5), pages 1007-1043, December.
  13. Omar Al-Ubaydli & John List & Claire Mackevicius & Min Sok Lee & Dana Suskind, 2019. "How Can Experiments Play a Greater Role in Public Policy? 12 Proposals from an Economic Model of Scaling," Artefactual Field Experiments 00679, The Field Experiments Website.
  14. Monique De Haan & Edwin Leuven, 2020. "Head Start and the Distribution of Long-Term Education and Labor Market Outcomes," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 38(3), pages 727-765.
  15. Gonzalez, Kathryn E., 2020. "Within-family differences in Head Start participation and parent investment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
  16. Mauro Caselli & Edwin Fourrier-Nicolai & Andrea Fracasso & Sergio Scicchitano, 2024. "Digital Technologies and Firms’ Employment and Training," CESifo Working Paper Series 11056, CESifo.
  17. Sokbae Lee & Bernard Salanié, 2018. "Identifying Effects of Multivalued Treatments," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 86(6), pages 1939-1963, November.
  18. Barham, Tania & Cadena, Brian C. & Turner, Patrick S, 2023. "Taking a Chance on Workers: Evidence on the Effects and Mechanisms of Subsidized Employment from an RCT," IZA Discussion Papers 16221, IZA Network @ LISER.
  19. Jade Marcus Jenkins & Terri J. Sabol & George Farkas, 2018. "Double Down or Switch It Up: Should Low-Income Children Stay in Head Start for 2 Years or Switch Programs?," Evaluation Review, , vol. 42(3), pages 283-317, June.
  20. Kenneth Lee & Edward Miguel & Catherine Wolfram, 2020. "Does Household Electrification Supercharge Economic Development?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 34(1), pages 122-144, Winter.
  21. Jorge Luis Garcia & Frederik Bennhoff & Duncan Ermini Leaf & James J. Heckman, 2021. "The Dynastic Benefits of Early Childhood Education," Working Papers 2021-033, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
  22. Zheng Fang & Andres Santos & Azeem M. Shaikh & Alexander Torgovitsky, 2023. "Inference for Large‐Scale Linear Systems With Known Coefficients," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 91(1), pages 299-327, January.
  23. Montpetit, Sébastien & Beaureard, Pierre-Loup & Carrer, Luisa, 2024. "A welfare analysis of universal childcare: Lessons from a Canadian reform," CLEF Working Paper Series 73, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
  24. Elizabeth U. Cascio, 2023. "Does Universal Preschool Hit the Target?: Program Access and Preschool Impacts," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 58(1), pages 1-42.
  25. repec:osf:socarx:42pbz_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
  26. Bernal, Raquel & Ramírez, Sara María, 2019. "Improving the quality of early childhood care at scale: The effects of “From Zero to Forever”," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 91-105.
  27. Jesse Rothstein & Till von Wachter, 2016. "Social Experiments in the Labor Market," NBER Working Papers 22585, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  28. Cornelissen, Thomas & Dustmann, Christian & Raute, Anna & Schönberg, Uta, 2016. "From LATE to MTE: Alternative methods for the evaluation of policy interventions," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 47-60.
  29. Tang, Yalin & Hao, Xinmeng & Guo, Yuhe & Liu, Chengfang, 2025. "Cognitive spillover benefits of early childhood education: Quasi-experimental evidence based on random class assignment from China," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
  30. Thomas Cornelissen & Christian Dustmann & Anna Raute & Uta Schönberg, 2018. "Who Benefits from Universal Child Care? Estimating Marginal Returns to Early Child Care Attendance," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 126(6), pages 2356-2409.
  31. James J. Heckman, 1991. "Randomization and Social Policy Evaluation Revisited," NBER Technical Working Papers 0107, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  32. Comey, Matthew L. & Eng, Amanda R. & Leung, Pauline & Pei, Zhuan, 2026. "Supercompliers," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
  33. John A. List & Fatemeh Momeni & Yves Zenou, 2020. "The Social Side of Early Human Capital Formation: Using a Field Experiment to Estimate the Causal Impact of Neighborhoods," Working Papers 2020-187, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
  34. Juan Chaparro & Aaron Sojourner & Matthew J. Wiswall, 2020. "Early Childhood Care and Cognitive Development," NBER Working Papers 26813, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  35. Bassi, Marina & Besbas,Bruno & Dinarte, Lelys & Ravindran,Saravana & Reynoso,Ana, 2024. "From Access to Achievement : The Primary School-Age Impacts of an At-Scale Preschool Construction Program in Highly Deprived Communities," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10814, The World Bank.
  36. Yuehao Bai & Shunzhuang Huang & Max Tabord-Meehan, 2024. "Sharp Testable Implications of Encouragement Designs," Papers 2411.09808, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2025.
  37. William R. Dougan & Jorge Luis García & Illia Polovnikov, 2023. "High-Quality Early-Childhood Education at Scale: Evidence from a Multisite Randomized Trial," NBER Working Papers 31694, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  38. Goodman-Bacon, Andrew & Schmidt, Lucie, 2020. "Federalizing benefits: The introduction of Supplemental Security Income and the size of the safety net," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
  39. Anders Humlum & Jakob R. Munch & Pernille Plato, 2025. "Changing Tracks: Human Capital Investment after Loss of Ability," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 115(5), pages 1520-1554, May.
  40. Agustina Laurito & Amy Ellen Schwartz, 2019. "Does School Lunch Fill the “SNAP Gap” at the End of the Month?," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 86(1), pages 49-82, July.
  41. Mogstad, Magne & Torgovitsky, Alexander, 2024. "Instrumental variables with unobserved heterogeneity in treatment effects," Handbook of Labor Economics,, Elsevier.
  42. Remy J. -C. Pages & Dylan J. Lukes & Drew H. Bailey & Greg J. Duncan, 2019. "Elusive Longer-Run Impacts of Head Start: Replications Within and Across Cohorts," Papers 1903.01954, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2020.
  43. Kamat, Vishal, 2019. "Identification with Latent Choice Sets," TSE Working Papers 19-1031, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
  44. Jeffrey Clemens & Stan Veuger, 2024. "Intergovernmental Grants and Policy Competition: Concepts, Institutions, and Evidence," NBER Chapters, in: Policy Responses to Tax Competition, pages 273-325, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  45. Jeffrey Clemens, 2016. "Redistribution through Minimum Wage Regulation: An Analysis of Program Linkages and Budgetary Spillovers," Tax Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 30(1), pages 163-189.
  46. Jose Cuesta & Mario Negre & Ana Revenga & Maika Schmidt, 2018. "Tackling Income Inequality: What Works and Why?," Journal of Income Distribution, Ad libros publications inc., vol. 26(1), pages 1-48, March.
  47. Biroli, Pietro & Del Boca, Daniela & Heckman, James J. & Heckman, Lynne Pettler & Koh, Yu Kyung & Kuperman, Sylvi & Moktan, Sidharth & Pronzato, Chiara D. & Ziff, Anna L., 2018. "Evaluation of the Reggio approach to early education," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 1-32.
  48. Leonard Goff, 2024. "When does IV identification not restrict outcomes?," Papers 2406.02835, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2025.
  49. Orazio Attanasio & Helen Baker-Henningham & Raquel Bernal & Costas Meghir & Diana Pineda & Marta Rubio-Codina, 2022. "Early Stimulation and Nutrition: The Impacts of a Scalable Intervention," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 20(4), pages 1395-1432.
  50. V. Joseph Hotz & Matthew Wiswall, 2019. "Child Care and Child Care Policy: Existing Policies, Their Effects, and Reforms," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 686(1), pages 310-338, November.
  51. Malik, Sara & Rabier, MaryJane, 2025. "A Word of WARN-ing: Advance Notice of Layoffs and Labor Market Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 18166, IZA Network @ LISER.
  52. Sönke Hendrik Matthewes & Guglielmo Ventura, 2022. "On Track to Success? Returns to Vocational Education Against Different Alternatives," CEPA Discussion Papers 58, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
  53. Bartalotti, Otávio & Kédagni, Désiré & Possebom, Vitor, 2023. "Identifying marginal treatment effects in the presence of sample selection," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 234(2), pages 565-584.
  54. Ali, Umair & Brown, Jessica H. & Herbst, Chris M., 2022. "Secure Communities as Immigration Enforcement: How Secure Is the Child Care Market?," IZA Discussion Papers 15821, IZA Network @ LISER.
  55. Loh, Isaac, 2023. "Nonparametric identification and estimation with discrete instruments and regressors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 235(2), pages 1257-1279.
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  57. Amy Finkelstein & Nathaniel Hendren, 2020. "Welfare Analysis Meets Causal Inference," NBER Working Papers 27640, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  58. Paul Goldsmith-Pinkham & Peter Hull & Michal Kolesár, 2024. "Contamination Bias in Linear Regressions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(12), pages 4015-4051, December.
  59. Marco Ovidi, 2022. "Parents Know Better: Sorting on Match Effects in Primary School," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza def121, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE).
  60. Rucker C. Johnson & C. Kirabo Jackson, 2019. "Reducing Inequality through Dynamic Complementarity: Evidence from Head Start and Public School Spending," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 11(4), pages 310-349, November.
  61. Luke C. Miller & Daphna Bassok, 2019. "The Effects of Universal Preschool on Grade Retention," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 14(2), pages 149-177, Spring.
  62. David M. Blau, 2022. "The Case For Targeted Preschool And Childcare Subsidies," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(3), pages 929-937, June.
  63. Jeffrey Smith & Arthur Sweetman, 2016. "Viewpoint: Estimating the causal effects of policies and programs," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 49(3), pages 871-905, August.
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  65. Frederik H. Bennhoff & Jorge Luis García & Duncan Ermini Leaf, 2024. "The Dynastic Benefits of Early-Childhood Education: Participant Benefits and Family Spillovers," Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 18(1), pages 44-73.
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  69. Zenou, Yves & List, John & Momeni, Fatemeh, 2019. "Are Estimates of Early Education Programs Too Pessimistic? Evidence from a Large-Scale Field Experiment that Causally Measures," CEPR Discussion Papers 13725, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
  70. Holla,Alaka & Bendini,Maria Magdalena & Dinarte Diaz,Lelys Ileana & Trako,Iva, 2021. "Is Investment in Preprimary Education Too Low ? Lessons from (Quasi) ExperimentalEvidence across Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9723, The World Bank.
  71. Francesca Marchetta & Tom Dilly, 2019. "Supporting Education in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges for an Impact Investor," Working Papers hal-02288103, HAL.
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