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Early Childhood Education

Author

Listed:
  • Elango, Sneha

    (University of Chicago)

  • García, Jorge Luis

    (Clemson University)

  • Heckman, James J.

    (University of Chicago)

  • Hojman, Andrés

    (Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile)

Abstract

This paper organizes and synthesizes the literature on early childhood education and childcare. In it, we go beyond meta-analysis and reanalyze primary data sources in a common framework. We consider the evidence from means-tested demonstration programs, large-scale means-tested programs and universal programs without means testing. We discuss which programs are effective and whether, and for which populations, these programs should be subsidized by governments. The evidence from high-quality demonstration programs targeted toward disadvantaged children shows beneficial effects. Returns exceed costs, even accounting for the deadweight loss of collecting taxes. When proper policy counterfactuals are constructed, Head Start has beneficial effects on disadvantaged children compared to home alternatives. Universal programs benefit disadvantaged children.

Suggested Citation

  • Elango, Sneha & García, Jorge Luis & Heckman, James J. & Hojman, Andrés, 2015. "Early Childhood Education," IZA Discussion Papers 9476, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9476
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    Keywords

    childcare; evaluation of social programs; early childhood education;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • C93 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Field Experiments

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