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Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues

Author

Listed:
  • Martinez, Stephen W.
  • Hand, Michael S.
  • Da Pra, Michelle
  • Pollack, Susan L.
  • Ralston, Katherine L.
  • Smith, Travis A.
  • Vogel, Stephen J.
  • Clark, Shellye
  • Lohr, Luanne
  • Low, Sarah A.
  • Newman, Constance

Abstract

This comprehensive overview of local food systems explores alternative definitions of local food, estimates market size and reach, describes the characteristics of local consumers and producers, and examines early indications of the economic and health impacts of local food systems. There is no consensus on a definition of “local” or “local food systems” in terms of the geographic distance between production and consumption. But defining “local” based on marketing arrangements, such as farmers selling directly to consumers at regional farmers’ markets or to schools, is well recognized. Statistics suggest that local food markets account for a small, but growing, share of U.S. agricultural production. For smaller farms, direct marketing to consumers accounts for a higher percentage of their sales than for larger farms. Findings are mixed on the impact of local food systems on local economic development and better nutrition levels among consumers, and sparse literature is so far inconclusive about whether localization reduces energy use or greenhouse gas emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Martinez, Stephen W. & Hand, Michael S. & Da Pra, Michelle & Pollack, Susan L. & Ralston, Katherine L. & Smith, Travis A. & Vogel, Stephen J. & Clark, Shellye & Lohr, Luanne & Low, Sarah A. & Newman, , 2010. "Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues," Economic Research Report 96635, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersrr:96635
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.96635
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    • Martinez, Steve & Hand, Michael & Da Pra, Michelle & Pollack, Susan & Ralston, Katherine & Smith, Travis & Vogel, Stephen & Clarke, Shellye & Lohr, Luanne & Low, Sarah & Newman, Constance, 2010. "Local food systems: concepts, impacts, and issues," MPRA Paper 24313, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    • L1 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance

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