Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

2021

• Assen Slim, 2021, "Will the BRICS Be the Leaders in Central Bank Digital Currencies?," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 3, pages 3-16.
• José Ramón Martínez Resano & Sonsoles Gallego, 2021, "Las iniciativas de alivio de la deuda para los países de bajos ingresos impulsadas por el G-20 durante la pandemia," Boletín Económico, Banco de España, issue 3/2021.
• Isabel Garrido & Xavier Serra & Sonsoles Gallego, 2021, "Los recursos del FMI frente a la crisis del COVID-19," Boletín Económico, Banco de España, issue 3/2021.
• José Ramón Martínez Resano & Sonsoles Gallego, 2021, "G20 debt-relief initiatives for low-income countries during the pandemic," Economic Bulletin, Banco de España, issue 3/2021.
• Isabel Garrido & Xavier Serra & Sonsoles Gallego, 2021, "The IMF´s resources in the face of COVID-19 crisis," Economic Bulletin, Banco de España, issue 3/2021.
• Isabel Garrido, 2021, "La visión del fondo monetario internacional sobre la equidad en sus 75 años de vida," Occasional Papers, Banco de España, number 2127, Oct.
• Isabel Garrido, 2021, "The International Monetary Fund’s view of social equity Throughout its 75 years Of existence," Occasional Papers, Banco de España, number 2127, Oct.
• Jorge Escolar & José Ramón Yribarren, 2021, "Las medidas del Banco Central Europeo y del Banco de España contra los efectos del COVID-19 en el marco de los activos de garantía de política monetaria, y su impacto en las entidades españolas," Occasional Papers, Banco de España, number 2128, Oct.
• Silvia Albrizio & Iván Kataryniuk & Luis Molina & Jan Schäfer, 2021, "ECB euro liquidity lines," Working Papers, Banco de España, number 2125, Aug.
• Claudia Maurini & Alessandro Schiavone, 2021, "The catalytic role of IMF programs," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers), Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area, number 1331, Apr.
• Joseph Chukwudi Odionye & Jude Okechukwu Chukwu, 2021, "The Asymmetric Effects Of Currency Devaluation In Selected Sub-Saharan Africa," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, volume 66, issue 230, pages 135-156, July – Se.
• Kai Arvai, 2021, "The Political Economy of Currency Unions," Working papers, Banque de France, number 850.
• Roger Vicquéry, 2021, "The Common Currency Effect on International Trade: Evidence from an Accidental Monetary Union," Working papers, Banque de France, number 856.
• Robert N McCauley & Patrick McGuire & Philip Wooldridge, 2021, "Seven decades of international banking," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, September.
• Markus Brunnermeier & Harold James & Jean-Pierre Landau, 2021, "The digitalization of money," BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 941, May.
• Viet‐Ngu Hoang & Duc Khuong Nguyen & Tuan Pham, 2021, "On the effects of monetary policy in Vietnam: Evidence from a Trilemma analysis," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, volume 44, issue 5, pages 1428-1447, May, DOI: 10.1111/twec.13025.
• Bitar Joseph, 2021, "The Monetary Crisis of Lebanon," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, volume 17, issue 2, pages 71-96, August, DOI: 10.1515/rmeef-2020-0050.
• Guo, Dong & Zhou, Peng, 2021, "The Rise of a New Anchor Currency in RCEP? A Tale of Three Currencies," Cardiff Economics Working Papers, Cardiff University, Cardiff Business School, Economics Section, number E2021/23, Sep.
• Svatopluk Kapounek & Evžen Kocenda & Zuzana Kucerová & Evžen Kočenda, 2021, "Selective Attention in Exchange Rate Forecasting," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 8901.
• Andreas Haufler, 2021, "Regulatory and Bailout Decisions in a Banking Union," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 8964.
• Taiki Murai & Gunther Schnabl, 2021, "Macroeconomic Policy Making and Current Account Imbalances in the Euro Area," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 9153.
• Uluc Aysun, 2021, "Identifying the external and internal drivers of exchange rate volatility in small open economies: Evidence from Jamaica," Working Papers, University of Central Florida, Department of Economics, number 2021-02, Nov.
• Chen, Natalie & Novy, Dennis, 2021, "Gravity and Heterogeneous Trade Cost Elasticities," CAGE Online Working Paper Series, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE), number 595.
• Cécile Couharde & Carl Grekou & Valérie Mignon, 2021, "On the economic desirability of the West African monetary union: would one currency fit all?," Working Papers, CEPII research center, number 2021-03, Feb.
• Cécile Couharde & Carl Grekou, 2021, "Better Two Eyes than One: A Synthesis Classification of Exchange Rate Regimes," Working Papers, CEPII research center, number 2021-07, Oct.
• Gatien Bon & Gong Cheng, 2021, "Understanding China's role in recent debt relief operations: A case study analysis," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 166, pages 23-41.
• Gehrig, Thomas & Unger, Stephan, 2021, "Social Responsibility and Bank Resiliency," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 15816, Feb.
• Novy, Dennis & Chen, Natalie, 2021, "Gravity and Heterogeneous Trade Cost Elasticities," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16318, Jul.
• Hoffmann, Mathias & Moench, Emanuel & Pavlova, Lora & Schultefrankenfeld, Guido, 2022, "Would Households Understand Average Inflation Targeting?," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16786, Mar.
• Jeanne, Olivier, 2021, "Currency Wars, Trade Wars, and Global Demand," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16827, Dec.
• Alexis CRUZ-RODRIGUEZ, 2021, "Exchange arrangements and speculative attacks: Is there a link?," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, EconSciences Journals, volume 8, issue 3, pages 187-206, September.
• Carl Grekou & Cécile Couharde & Valérie Mignon, 2021, "On the desirability of the West African monetary union," EconomiX Working Papers, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX, number 2021-11.
• Dorrucci, Ettore & Fidora, Michael & Gartner, Christine & Zumer, Tina, 2021, "The European exchange rate mechanism (ERM II) as a preparatory phase on the path towards euro adoption – the cases of Bulgaria and Croatia," Economic Bulletin Articles, European Central Bank, volume 8.
• Comunale, Mariarosaria & Mongelli, Francesco Paolo, 2021, "Tracking growth in the euro area subject to a dimensionality problem," Working Paper Series, European Central Bank, number 2591, Sep.
• Farnè, Matteo & Vouldis, Angelos, 2021, "Banks' risk-taking within a banking union," Working Paper Series, European Central Bank, number 2595, Oct.
• Jiang, Zhengyang & Lustig, Hanno & Van Nieuwerburgh, Stijn & Xiaolan, Mindy Z., 2021, "Bond Convenience Yields in the Eurozone Currency Union," Research Papers, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business, number 3976, Jul.
• Guo, Dong & Zhou, Peng, 2021, "The rise of a new anchor currency in RCEP? A tale of three currencies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 104, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2021.105647.
• Jia, Fei & Shen, Yao & Ren, Junfan & Xu, Xiangyun, 2021, "The impact of offshore exchange rate expectations on onshore exchange rates: The case of Chinese RMB," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, volume 56, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.najef.2020.101349.
• Lee, Dongwon, 2021, "Global financial integration and monetary policy spillovers," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 202, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2021.109820.
• Farnè, Matteo & Vouldis, Angelos, 2021, "Banks’ risk-taking within a banking union," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 204, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2021.109909.
• Dibooglu, Sel & Kapounek, Svatopluk, 2021, "The US current account, sustainability, and the international monetary system," Economic Systems, Elsevier, volume 45, issue 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2021.100875.
• Tanin, Tauhidul Islam & Sarker, Ashutosh & Brooks, Robert, 2021, "Do currency exchange rates impact gold prices? New evidence from the ongoing COVID-19 period," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, volume 77, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101868.
• Bon, Gatien & Cheng, Gong, 2021, "Understanding China's role in recent debt relief operations: A case study analysis," International Economics, Elsevier, volume 166, issue C, pages 23-41, DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2021.02.004.
• Toyofuku, Kenta, 2021, "Unit of account, sovereign debt, and optimal currency area," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, volume 75, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2021.101441.
• Kawasaki, Kentaro & Sato, Kiyotaka, 2021, "A new assessment of economic integration in East Asia: Application of an industry-specific G-PPP model," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, volume 60, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.japwor.2021.101105.
• Abraham, Facundo & Cortina, Juan J. & Schmukler, Sergio L., 2021, "The rise of domestic capital markets for corporate financing: Lessons from East Asia," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, volume 122, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105987.
• Hu, Jiafei & Yuan, Haishan, 2021, "Interest arbitrage under capital controls: Evidence from reported entrepôt trades," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, volume 127, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2021.106129.
• Haufler, Andreas, 2021, "Regulatory and bailout decisions in a banking union," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, volume 133, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2021.106300.
• Bhagwat, Vineet & Brogaard, Jonathan & Julio, Brandon, 2021, "A BIT goes a long way: Bilateral investment treaties and cross-border mergers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, volume 140, issue 2, pages 514-538, DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.12.005.
• Crosignani, Matteo, 2021, "Bank capital, government bond holdings, and sovereign debt capacity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, volume 141, issue 2, pages 693-704, DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.04.005.
• Harkmann, Kersti & Staehr, Karsten, 2021, "Current account drivers and exchange rate regimes in Central and Eastern Europe," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, volume 110, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2020.102286.
• Balvers, Ronald J. & McDonald, Bill, 2021, "Designing a global digital currency," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, volume 111, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2020.102317.
• Cheung, Yin-Wong & Grimm, Louisa & Westermann, Frank, 2021, "The evolution of offshore renminbi trading: 2016 to 2019," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, volume 113, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2021.102369.
• Ahmed, Rashad & Aizenman, Joshua & Jinjarak, Yothin, 2021, "Inflation and Exchange Rate Targeting Challenges Under Fiscal Dominance," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, volume 67, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmacro.2020.103281.
• Bitar, Joseph, 2021, "Foreign Currency Intermediation: Systemic Risk and Macroprudential Regulation," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, volume 2, issue 2, DOI: 10.1016/j.latcb.2021.100028.
• Gabauer, David, 2021, "Dynamic measures of asymmetric & pairwise connectedness within an optimal currency area: Evidence from the ERM I system," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, volume 60, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.mulfin.2021.100680.
• Reinsberg, Bernhard & Kern, Andreas & Rau-Göhring, Matthias, 2021, "The political economy of IMF conditionality and central bank independence," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, volume 68, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101987.
• Chatziantoniou, Ioannis & Gabauer, David, 2021, "EMU risk-synchronisation and financial fragility through the prism of dynamic connectedness," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, volume 79, issue C, pages 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2020.12.003.
• He, Qing & Zhang, Ce & Zhu, Wenyu, 2021, "Does currency matter for regional trade integration?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, volume 76, issue C, pages 1219-1234, DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2019.11.010.
• Kazinnik, Sophia & Papell, David H., 2021, "Monetary policy rules in practice: The case of Israel," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, volume 76, issue C, pages 308-320, DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2021.06.012.
• Hurtado Briceño, Alberto José & Zerpa de Hurtado, Sadcidi & Mora, José U. Mora, 2021, "Economic and commercial convergence in Latin America. How are these countries doing so far?," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, volume 57, issue C, pages 239-250, DOI: 10.1016/j.strueco.2021.03.012.
• Chletsos, Michael & Sintos, Andreas, 2021, "Hide and seek: IMF intervention and the shadow economy," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, volume 59, issue C, pages 292-319, DOI: 10.1016/j.strueco.2021.09.008.
• Guna Raj Bhatta & Rabindra Nepal & Charles Harvie & Kankesu Jayanthakumaran, 2021, "Testing for uncovered interest parity conditions in a small open economy: A state space modelling approach," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2021-56, Jul.
• Bahaj, Saleem & Reis, Ricardo, 2022, "Central bank swap lines: evidence on the effects of the lender of last resort," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 112601, Jul.
• Codogno, Lorenzo & van den Noord, Paul, 2021, "Going fiscal? A stylised model with fiscal capacity and a safe asset in the Eurozone," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 114477, Mar.
• Codogno, Lorenzo & van den Noord, Paul, 2021, "Assessing Next Generation EU," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 124232, Feb.
• Lorenzo Codogno & Paul van den Noord, 2021, "Assessing Next Generation EU," LEQS – LSE 'Europe in Question' Discussion Paper Series, European Institute, LSE, number 166, Feb.
• Ramaa Vasudevan, 2021, "The evolution of China's monetary policy: on the horns of a dilemma," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, volume 9, issue 1, pages 83-108, January.
• Hamid Baghestani, 2021, "Real exchange rate synchronization in the NAFTA region," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 49, issue 7, pages 1212-1224, October, DOI: 10.1108/JES-04-2021-0207.
• Najia Maraoui & Thouraya Hadj Amor & Islem Khefacha & Christophe Rault, 2021, "How Economic, Political, and Institutional Factors Influence the Choice of Exchange Rate Regimes? New Evidence from Selected Countries of the MENA Region," Working Papers, Economic Research Forum, number 1498, Oct, revised 20 Oct 2021.
• Marta Halina Gebska, 2021, "Implications for Economic Security of the Three Seas Initiative Countries Resulting from Membership in the World Bank," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 4 - Part , pages 486-505.
• Larry D. Wall, 2021, "So Far, So Good: Government Insurance of Financial Sector Tail Risk," Policy Hub, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, volume 2021, issue 13, November, DOI: 10.29338/ph2021-13.
• Simon Gilchrist & Bin Wei & Vivian Z. Yue & Egon Zakrajšek, 2021, "Sovereign Risk and Financial Risk," FRB Atlanta Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, number 27, Nov, DOI: 10.29338/wp2021-27.
• Simon Gilchrist & Bin Wei & Vivian Z. Yue & Egon Zakrajšek, 2021, "Sovereign Risk and Financial Risk," FRB Atlanta Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, number 2021-27, Nov, DOI: 10.29338/wp2021-27.
• Javier Bianchi & Guido Lorenzoni, 2021, "The Prudential Use of Capital Controls and Foreign Currency Reserves," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, number 787, Nov, DOI: 10.21034/wp.787.
• Mark Choi & Linda S. Goldberg & Robert Lerman & Fabiola Ravazzolo, 2021, "COVID Response: The Fed’s Central Bank Swap Lines and FIMA Repo Facility," Staff Reports, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, number 983, Sep.
• Jan Kregel, 2021, "Growth and the Single Currency: Fiscal Policy as the Cause of Disunity in the EU," Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi. An Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science, Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, Torino (Italy), volume 55, issue 2, pages 181-190, December, DOI: 10.26331/1156.
• Boris I. Alekhin, 2021, "Oil and the Ruble: Collapse of Cointegration," Finansovyj žhurnal — Financial Journal, Financial Research Institute, Moscow 125375, Russia, issue 1, pages 58-74, February, DOI: 10.31107/2075-1990-2021-1-58-74.
• Flores Zendejas, Juan & Gaillard, Norbert, 2021, "The International Lender of Last Resort Between Scylla and Charybdis," Working Papers, University of Geneva, Paul Bairoch Institute of Economic History, number unige:152743.
• Alami, Ilias & Alves, Carolina & Bonizzi, Bruno & Kaltenbrunner, Annina & Kodddenbrock, Kai & Kvangraven, Ingrid & Powell, Jeff, 2021, "International financial subordination: a critical research agenda [working paper]," Greenwich Papers in Political Economy, University of Greenwich, Greenwich Political Economy Research Centre, number 33233, Jul.
• Stephen Kaplan & Sujeong Shim, 2021, "Global Contagion and IMF Credit Cycles: A Lender of Partial Resort?," Working Papers, The George Washington University, Institute for International Economic Policy, number 2021-13.
• Sy Hoa Ho & Jamel Saadaoui, 2021, "Symmetric and asymmetric effects of exchange rates on money demand : empirical evidence from Vietnam," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-03196678, Feb, DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2021.1888864.
• Amélie Barbier-Gauchard & Meixing Dai & Claire Mainguy & Jamel Saadaoui & Moïse Sidiropoulos & Isabelle Terraz & Jamel Trabelsi, 2021, "Towards a more resilient European Union after the COVID-19 crisis," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-03196689, Jun, DOI: 10.1007/s40822-021-00167-4.
• Carl Grekou & Cécile Couharde & Valérie Mignon, 2021, "On the desirability of the West African monetary union," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-04159755.
• Cécile Couharde & Carl Grekou, 2021, "Better two eyes than one: A synthesis classification of exchange rate regimes," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-04752826.
• Marijana Andrijić, 2021, "The Effect Of International Monetary Fund Arrangements On International Capital Flows – Overview Of Basic Tenets And Academic Findings," Ekonomski pregled, Hrvatsko društvo ekonomista (Croatian Society of Economists), volume 72, issue 1, pages 88-112, DOI: 10.32910/ep.72.1.4.
• Mr. Yan Carriere-Swallow & José Marzluf, 2021, "Macrofinancial Causes of Optimism in Growth Forecasts," IMF Working Papers, International Monetary Fund, number 2021/275, Nov.
• Jeanne, Olivier, 2021, "Currency Wars, Trade Wars and Global Demand," Economics Working Paper Archive, The Johns Hopkins University,Department of Economics, number 66667, Dec.
• William A. Barnett & Neepa Gaekwad, 2021, "Multilateral Divisia Monetary Aggregates for the Euro Area," WORKING PAPERS SERIES IN THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS, University of Kansas, Department of Economics, number 202108, Jan, revised Jan 2021.
• Ryan Rudderham, 2021, "Birds of a feather: separating spillovers from shocks in sovereign default," Annals of Finance, Springer, volume 17, issue 3, pages 353-378, September, DOI: 10.1007/s10436-021-00392-6.
• León Padilla & Ángel Rodriguez García-Brazales, 2021, "Can South America form an optimal monetary area? A structural vector autoregression analysis," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, volume 18, issue 2, pages 309-329, May, DOI: 10.1007/s10368-020-00490-2.
• David Parsley & Helen Popper, 2021, "Risk Sharing in a Politically Divided Monetary Union," Open Economies Review, Springer, volume 32, issue 4, pages 649-669, September, DOI: 10.1007/s11079-021-09620-y.
• Soós, Károly Attila, 2021, "Az optimális valutaövezet két elmélete - aszimmetrikus sokkok és nemzetközi pénzügyi integráció
  [Principles of optimal currency areas: asymmetric shocks and international financial integration]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), volume 0, issue 12, pages 1250-1275, DOI: 10.18414/KSZ.2021.12.1250.
• Valentin Jouvanceau, 2021, "The Effect of the Euro Changeover on Prices: Evidence from Lithuania," Bank of Lithuania Working Paper Series, Bank of Lithuania, number 93, Oct.
• Silvia Marchesi & Pietro Bomprezzi, 2021, "A firm level approach on the effects of IMF programs," Working Papers, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, number 476, Aug, revised Aug 2021.
• Simon Gilchrist & Bin Wei & Vivian Z. Yue & Egon Zakrajšek, 2021, "Sovereign Risk and Financial Risk," NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, "NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2021".
• Michael D. Bordo & Catherine R. Schenk, 2021, "“Unusual, Unstable, Complicated, Unreliable and Temporary” Reinterpreting the Ebb and Flow of Globalization," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 29114, Jul.
• Javier Bianchi & Guido Lorenzoni, 2021, "The Prudential Use of Capital Controls and Foreign Currency Reserves," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 29476, Nov.
• Simon Gilchrist & Bin Wei & Vivian Z. Yue & Egon Zakrajšek, 2021, "Sovereign Risk and Financial Risk," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 29501, Nov.
• Olivier Jeanne, 2021, "Currency Wars, Trade Wars, and Global Demand," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 29603, Dec.
• Sorin-Nicolae Curca, 2021, "The Internationalization of Emerging Economy Currencies: An Alternative to Protectionism?," Global Economic Observer, "Nicolae Titulescu" University of Bucharest, Faculty of Economic Sciences;Institute for World Economy of the Romanian Academy, volume 9, issue 2, pages 17-26, December.
• Lilas Demmou & Quentin Sagot, 2021, "Central Bank Digital Currencies and payments: A review of domestic and international implications," OECD Economics Department Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 1655, Feb, DOI: 10.1787/f06c0d89-en.
• Sven Steinkamp & Aaron Tornell & Frank Westermann, 2021, "Evergreening in the Euro Area: Evidence from Survey Data and a Conceptual Framework," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, volume 67, issue 1, pages 1-34.
• Jose A Lopez & Kris James Mitchener, 2021, "Uncertainty and Hyperinflation: European Inflation Dynamics after World War I
  [Modeling and forecasting realized volatility]," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, volume 131, issue 633, pages 450-475.
• David Cobham, 2021, "A comprehensive classification of monetary policy frameworks in advanced and emerging economies," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 73, issue 1, pages 2-26.
• Hiona Balfoussia & Harris Dellas & Dimitris Papageorgiou & Evangelia Vourvachaki, 2021, "How does the ZLB affect the properties of alternative exchange rate systems?," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 73, issue 4, pages 1404-1426.
• Robert Kollmann, 2021, "Liquidity traps in a monetary union," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 73, issue 4, pages 1581-1603.
• Elena Carletti & Paolo Colla & Mitu Gulati & Steven Ongena, 2021, "The Price of Law: The Case of the Eurozone Collective Action Clauses
  [Unbundling institutions]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, volume 34, issue 12, pages 5933-5976.
• Andrei-Dragos Popescu, 2021, "Central Banks Digital Currency - Opportunities and Innovation," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 813-822, August.
• Andrei-Dragos Popescu, 2021, "Assessing Portfolio Risks Involving Bitcoin and Ethereum Using Vector Autoregressive Model," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 1101-1109, December.
• Petros E. Ioannatos, 2021, "Brexit or Euro for the UK? Evidence from Panel Data," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, volume 63, issue 1, pages 117-138, March, DOI: 10.1057/s41294-020-00119-y.
• Stephen Grenville, 2021, "The International Monetary Fund and capital flows," Departmental Working Papers, The Australian National University, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics, number 2021-16.
• Jayant Menon, 2021, "ASEAN s newer member countries in two financial crises: Impact, response and lessons," Departmental Working Papers, The Australian National University, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics, number 2021-27.
• Barnett, William & Gaekwad, Neepa, 2021, "Multilateral Divisia monetary aggregates for the Euro Area," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 105528, Jan.
• Kuikeu, Oscar, 2021, "Ré-appréhension de la conception de norme du Taux de change: le rôle du facteur capital, facteur travail et de la position extérieure de la nation
  [Re-assessment on the concept of Exchange Rate soutenability: role of capital, labor and external po," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 106971, Apr.
• Dąbrowski, Marek A. & Papież, Monika & Śmiech, Sławomir, 2021, "Output volatility and exchange rates: New evidence from the updated de facto exchange rate regime classifications," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 107133, Apr.
• Kuikeu, Oscar, 2021, "A Bird eye from covid-19 crisis on the Relevance of the cfa franc devaluation of January 1994 and the honeymoon effect: an assessment with the equilibrium real exchange rate. Cases of Cameroonian and Gabonese economies," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 107719, May.
• Kuikeu, Oscar, 2021, "Real Exchange Rate Misalignment : concepts and measurement in the context of coronavirus crisis for developing countries as central African Republic knowing civil war," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 107778, May.
• Kuikeu, Oscar, 2021, "The Relevance on assessing Real Exchange Rate Misalignment under lessons from covid-19 crisis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 108047, May.
• Taguchi, Hiroyuki, 2021, "Financial additionality: role of multilateral development banks in private participation in infrastructure projects," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 108936, Jul.
• Iveta Polášková & Luboš Komárek, 2021, "Novodobá pozice zlata v bilancích centrálních bank
  [The Contemporary Role of Gold in Central Banks' Balance Sheets]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, volume 2021, issue 4, pages 413-434, DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1325.
• Haufler, Andreas, 2021, "Regulatory and Bailout Decisions in a Banking Union," Rationality and Competition Discussion Paper Series, CRC TRR 190 Rationality and Competition, number 290, May.
• Bouzid Amaira, 2021, "Real Effective Exchange Rate Misalignment of the Tunisian dinar," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, volume 24, issue 80, pages 2-23, June.
• Alicia Garcia Herrero, 2021, "Why Are Latin American Crises Deeper Than Those in Emerging Asia, Including That of COVID-19?," ADBI Working Papers, Asian Development Bank Institute, number 1221, Mar.
• John Beirne & Nuobu Renzhi & Ulrich Volz, 2021, "When the United States and the People’s Republic of China Sneeze: International Real and Financial Spillovers in Asia," ADBI Working Papers, Asian Development Bank Institute, number 1288, Nov.
• Ibrahima Sangaré, 2021, "Exchange Rate Regimes in the ASEAN: Would a Currency Union Outperform the Independent Managed Floating Regimes?," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, volume 36, issue 1, pages 72-102.
• Parth Thakkar, 2021, "The Currency Board Debate of the 1940s-1960s," Studies in Applied Economics, The Johns Hopkins Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise, number 192, Oct.
• Augusto Cerqua & Roberta Di Stefano & Guido Pellegrini, 2021, "What kind of region reaps the benefits of a currency union?," Working Papers, Sapienza University of Rome, DISS, number 2/21, Feb.
• Amélie Barbier-Gauchard & Meixing Dai & Claire Mainguy & Jamel Saadaoui & Moïse Sidiropoulos & Isabelle Terraz & Jamel Trabelsi, 2021, "Towards a more resilient European Union after the COVID-19 crisis," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, volume 11, issue 2, pages 321-348, June, DOI: 10.1007/s40822-021-00167-4.
• Dimitrios Asteriou & Keith Pilbeam & Cecilia Eny Pratiwi, 2021, "Public debt and economic growth: panel data evidence for Asian countries," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, volume 45, issue 2, pages 270-287, April, DOI: 10.1007/s12197-020-09515-7.
• Nagendra Shrestha & Kiyotaka Sato, 2021, "Global and regional shock transmission: an Asian perspective," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), volume 10, issue 1, pages 1-25, December, DOI: 10.1186/s40008-021-00257-1.
• Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Kelvin Onyibor & Gbenga Daniel Akinsola, 2021, "The impact of major macroeconomic variables on foreign direct investment in Nigeria: evidence from a wavelet coherence technique," SN Business & Economics, Springer, volume 1, issue 1, pages 1-24, January, DOI: 10.1007/s43546-020-00018-5.
• Jörg Mayer, 2021, "The “exorbitant privilege” and “exorbitant duty” of the United States in the international monetary system: implications for developing countries," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), volume 157, issue 4, pages 927-964, November, DOI: 10.1007/s10290-021-00422-5.
• Sy-Hoa Ho & Jamel Saadaoui, 2021, "Symmetric and asymmetric effects of exchange rates on money demand: empirical evidence from Vietnam," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 53, issue 34, pages 3948-3961, July, DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2021.1888864.
• Mariarosaria Comunale & Francesco Paolo Mongelli, 2021, "Tracking growth in the euro area subject to a dimensionality problem," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 53, issue 57, pages 6611-6625, December, DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2021.1947959.
• Christie Swanepoel & Philip T. Fliers, 2021, "The fuel of unparalleled recovery: Monetary policy in South Africa between 1925 and 1936," Economic History of Developing Regions, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 36, issue 2, pages 213-244, May, DOI: 10.1080/20780389.2021.1945436.
• C. P. Chandrasekhar, 2021, "The Long Search for Stability: Financial Cooperation to Address Global Risks in the East Asian Region," Working Papers Series, Institute for New Economic Thinking, number inetwp153, Mar, DOI: 10.36687/inetwp153.
• Xuan Wang, 2021, "Bankruptcy Codes and Risk Sharing of Currency Unions," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers, Tinbergen Institute, number 21-009/IV, Jan.
• Lukas Menkhoff & Malte Rieth & Tobias Stohr, 2021, "The Dynamic Impact of FX Interventions on Financial Markets," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, volume 103, issue 5, pages 939-953, December, DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_00928.
• Johari, Mohamad Shukri & Habibullah, Muzafar & Abdul Ghani, Roseziahazni & Abdul Manaf, Suhaily Maizan, 2021, "The Macroeconomic Fundamentals of the Real Exchange Rate in Malaysia: Some Empirical Evidence," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, volume 55, issue 2, pages 81-89, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2021.
• Płóciennik Sebastian, 2021, "Germany’s attitude towards the enlargement of the eurozone," Economics and Business Review, Sciendo, volume 7, issue 1, pages 47-67, March, DOI: 10.18559/ebr.2021.1.4.
• Chmielewska Anna & Sławiński Andrzej, 2021, "Climate crisis, central banks and the IMF reform," Economics and Business Review, Sciendo, volume 7, issue 4, pages 7-27, December, DOI: 10.18559/ebr.2021.4.2.
• Horn,Sebastian & Reinhart,Carmen M. & Trebesch,Christoph, 2021, "Coping with Disasters : Two Centuries of International Official Lending," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 9612, Apr.
• Chen, Natalie & Novy, Dennis, 2021, "Gravity and Heterogeneous Trade Cost Elasticities," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS), University of Warwick, Department of Economics, number 1385.
• Hoffmann, Mathias & Hürtgen, Patrick, 2021, "Do exchange rates absorb demand shocks at the ZLB?," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 13/2021.
• Lampe, Florian & Löscher, Anne, 2021, "A post Keynesian perspective on the eco zone project: Liquidity premia and external financial fragility in the West African Economic and Monetary Union, Ghana and Nigeria," ZÖSS-Discussion Papers, University of Hamburg, Centre for Economic and Sociological Studies (CESS/ZÖSS), number 89.
• Menkhoff, Lukas & Rieth, Malte & Stöhr, Tobias, 2021, "The Dynamic Impact of FX Interventions on Financial Markets," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 103, issue 5, pages 939-953, DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_00928.
• Jost, Thomas & Seitz, Franz, 2021, "Designing a European Monetary Fund: What role for the IMF?," IMFS Working Paper Series, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability (IMFS), number 151.
• Li, Xiang, 2021, "Dilemma and global financial cycle: Evidence from capital account liberalisation episodes," IWH Discussion Papers, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), number 13/2021.
• Colvin, Christopher L. & Fliers, Philip T., 2021, "Going Dutch: How the Netherlands Escaped its Golden Fetters, 1925-1936," QBS Working Paper Series, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's Business School, number 2021/06, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3870962.
• Swanepoel, Christie & Fliers, Philip, 2021, "The fuel of unparalleled recovery: Monetary policy in South Africa between 1925 and 1936," QUCEH Working Paper Series, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's University Centre for Economic History, number 21-05.
• De Bromhead, Alan & Jordan, David & Kennedy, Francis & Seddon, Jack, 2021, "How does international monetary leadership end? The Sterling Area revisited," QUCEH Working Paper Series, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's University Centre for Economic History, number 21-02.

2020

• Ivan Pupolizio, 2020, "A global private currency," Stato e mercato, Società editrice il Mulino, issue 3, pages 423-457.
• Kevin Hjortshøj O’Rourke & Sang Seok Lee & Martin Ellison, 2020, "The Ends of 30 Big Depressions," Working Papers, New York University Abu Dhabi, Department of Social Science, number 20200035, Jan, revised May 2020.
• William Anthony Allen, 2020, "Poland, the international monetary system and the Bank of England, 1921–1939," NBP Working Papers, Narodowy Bank Polski, number 328.
• Òscar Jordà & Sanjay R. Singh & Alan M. Taylor, 2020, "The Long-Run Effects of Monetary Policy," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 26666, Jan.
• Maurice Obstfeld, 2020, "Harry Johnson’s “Case for Flexible Exchange Rates” – 50 Years Later," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 26874, Mar.
• Martin Ellison & Sang Seok Lee & Kevin Hjortshøj O'Rourke, 2020, "The Ends of 27 Big Depressions," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 27586, Jul.
• Roberto Perotti, 2020, "Understanding the German Criticism of the Target System and the Role of Central Bank capital," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 27627, Jul.
• Kristin J. Forbes, 2020, "The International Aspects of Macroprudential Policy," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 27698, Aug.
• Michael D. Bordo, 2020, "Monetary Policy Cooperation/Coordination and Global Financial Crises in Historical Perspective," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 27898, Oct.
• Joshua Aizenman & Hiro Ito, 2020, "Post COVID-19 Exit Strategies and Emerging Markets Economic Challenges," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 27966, Oct.
• Joshua Aizenman & Hiro Ito, 2020, "U.S. Macro Policies and Global Economic Challenges," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 28232, Dec.
• Silvia Miranda-Agrippino & Hélène Rey, 2020, "U.S. Monetary Policy and the Global Financial Cycle," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, volume 87, issue 6, pages 2754-2776.
• Martin Ellison & Sang Seok Lee & Kevin Hjortshøj O’Rourke, 2020, "The Ends of 30 Big Depressions," Economics Series Working Papers, University of Oxford, Department of Economics, number 896, May.
• Douglas W. Diamond & Yunzhi Hu & Raghuram G. Rajan, 2020, "The Spillovers from Easy Liquidity and the Implications for Multilateralism," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, volume 68, issue 1, pages 4-34, March, DOI: 10.1057/s41308-019-00095-z.
• Kathryn M. E. Dominguez, 2020, "Revisiting Exchange Rate Rules," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, volume 68, issue 3, pages 693-719, September, DOI: 10.1057/s41308-020-00120-6.
• Whittaker, John, 2020, "Financial support for Italy will be costless," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 101025, Jun.
• Nakatani, Ryota, 2020, "Macroprudential Policy and the Probability of a Banking Crisis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 101157, Jun.
• Bayari, Celal, 2020, "The Neoliberal Globalization Link to the Belt and Road Initiative: The State and State-Owned-Enterprises in China [alternative title: Bilateral and Multilateral Dualities of the Chinese State in the Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 104471, May, revised 21 Jul 2020.
• Niftiyev, Ibrahim, 2020, "Dollarlaşma prosesi və monetar siyasər: Ekvador nümunəsi
  [Dollarization process and monetary policy: Ecuadorian example]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 121955.
• Levy, Daniel & Mayer, Tamir & Raviv, Alon, 2020, "Academic Scholarship in Light of the 2008 Financial Crisis: Textual Analysis of NBER Working Papers," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 98785, Feb.
• Roedl, Marianne & Dupont, Genevieve, 2020, "Monetary policy implications of the COVID-19 outbreak, the social pandemic," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 99981, May.
• Marek A. Dąbrowski & Łukasz Kwiatkowski & Justyna Wróblewska, 2020, "Sources of Real Exchange Rate Variability in Central and Eastern European Countries: Evidence from Structural Bayesian MSH-VAR Models," Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, volume 12, issue 4, pages 369-412, December.
• Massimo Amato & Lucio Gobbi, 2020, "Sentieri di sviluppo e aree monetarie: percorsi alternativi e vincoli strutturali. Un'introduzione (Development paths and currency areas: alternative options and structural constraints)," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, volume 73, issue 289, pages 3-10.
• Paul R. Masson, 2020, "Lezioni dall'eurozona per l'Africa (Lessons for Africa from the Eurozone)," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, volume 73, issue 289, pages 11-32.
• Emilio Sacerdoti, 2020, "Unioni monetarie che utilizzano il franco CFA e prospettive per un'unione monetaria in Africa dell?Est: un'analisi dei benefici dell'unione monetaria, e la questione della fissità del tasso di cambio ," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, volume 73, issue 289, pages 33-55.
• Massimo Amato & Kako Nubukpo, 2020, "Una nuova moneta per gli stati dell'Africa dell'Ovest. Le condizioni teoriche e politiche della sua fattibilità (A new currency for West African states: The theoretical and political conditions of its," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, volume 73, issue 289, pages 83-107.
• Massimo Amato & Kako Nubukpo, 2020, "A new currency for West African states: The theoretical and political conditions of its feasibility," PSL Quarterly Review, Economia civile, volume 73, issue 292, pages 3-26.
• Muayad Ismail, 2020, "Evaluating the Macroeconomic Impact of IMF Programs in Sudan," Economics Discussion Papers, Department of Economics, University of Reading, number em-dp2020-21, Oct.
• Bokyeong Park & Jiyoun An, 2020, "What Drives Growing Currency Co-movements with the Renminbi?," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, volume 24, issue 1, pages 31-59, DOI: 10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2020.24.1.371.
• Joshua Aizenman & Hiro Ito, 2020, "U.S. Macro Policies and Global Economic Challenges," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, volume 24, issue 4, pages 469-495, DOI: 10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2020.24.4.388.
• Riccardo Fiorentini, 2020, "The Persisting US Trade Deficit: Is Protectionistm the Right Answer?," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, volume 73, issue 2, pages 155-186.
• Kamal Upadhyaya & Rabindra Bhandari & Franklin G. JR. Mixon, 2020, "Exchange Rate Volatility and its Impact on China's Trade with the United States," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, volume 73, issue 3, pages 373-388.
• Abdullahi Zakari Yahya & Louis Sevitenyi Nkwatoh, 2020, "Viability of a Stable West African Monetary Union," Empirical Economic Review, Department of Economics and Statistics, Dr Hassan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, volume 3, issue 1, pages 1-18.
• Johannes K. Dreyer & Peter A. Schmid, 2020, "Inflation and Euro Membership," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, volume 35, issue 2, pages 264-281.
• Mariarosaria Comunale & Francesco Paolo Mongelli, 2020, "Who did it? A European Detective Story Was it Real, Financial, Monetary and/or Institutional: Tracking Growth in the Euro Area with an Atheoretical Tool," CEIS Research Paper, Tor Vergata University, CEIS, number 481, May, revised 11 May 2020.
• Simplice A. Asongu & Joseph Nnanna, 2020, "REER Imbalances and Macroeconomic Adjustments: Evidence from the CEMAC Zone," Foreign Trade Review, , volume 55, issue 3, pages 372-381, August, DOI: 10.1177/0015732520919838.
• Marek Dabrowski, 2020, "Increasing the International Role of the Euro: A Long Way to Go," CASE Reports, CASE-Center for Social and Economic Research, number 0502.
• René Cabral & Francisco G. Carneiro & André Varella Mollick, 2020, "Inflation targeting and exchange rate volatility in emerging markets," Empirical Economics, Springer, volume 58, issue 2, pages 605-626, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00181-018-1478-8.
• Jia Hou, 2020, "Revisiting the trade effects of the euro: data sources and various samples," Empirical Economics, Springer, volume 59, issue 6, pages 2731-2777, December, DOI: 10.1007/s00181-019-01742-0.
• Eduardo Levy-Yeyati & Juan Francisco Gómez, 2020, "The Cost of Holding Foreign Exchange Reserves," Springer Books, Springer, chapter 0, in: Jacob Bjorheim, "Asset Management at Central Banks and Monetary Authorities", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43457-1_6.
• Artem Krasnov & Aizada Okanova & Yana Yeraliyeva & Maral Kozhakhmetova & Alma Karshalova & Madina Aitkazina, 2020, "Development of the financial policy of the Eurasian economic union countries: tax harmonization," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 8, issue 1, pages 138-149, September, DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2020.8.1(9).
• Edoardo Beretta & Alvaro Cencini, 2020, "Double-entry bookkeeping and balance of payments: the need for developing a new approach," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 2, issue 3, pages 610-629, September, DOI: 10.9770/ird.2020.2.3(1).
• Gong Cheng & Rudolf Alvise Lennkh, 2020, "RFAs’ Financial Structures and Lending Capacities: a statutory, accounting and credit rating perspective," Working Papers, European Stability Mechanism, number 44, May.