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The Gender Earnings Gap in the Gig Economy: Evidence from over a Million Rideshare Drivers

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Philippe, Arnaud & Skandalis, Daphné, 2023. "Motherhood and the Cost of Job Search," IZA Discussion Papers 16669, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  2. Greg Buchak, 2024. "Financing the Gig Economy," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 79(1), pages 219-256, February.
  3. Susan Athey & Michael Luca, 2019. "Economists (and Economics) in Tech Companies," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 33(1), pages 209-230, Winter.
  4. Kevin A. Bryan & Joshua S. Gans, 2019. "A theory of multihoming in rideshare competition," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 89-96, January.
  5. Tang, Johnny Jiahao, 2020. "Individual heterogeneity and cultural attitudes in credence goods provision," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
  6. Quan Zhou & Jakub Mareček & Robert Shorten, 2023. "Subgroup fairness in two-sided markets," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(2), pages 1-17, February.
  7. Sebastian Butschek & Roberto González Amor & Patrick Kampkötter & Dirk Sliwka, 2019. "Paying Gig Workers - Evidence from a Field Experiment," CESifo Working Paper Series 7983, CESifo.
  8. Chen, Xinwei & Wang, Tong & Thomas, Barrett W. & Ulmer, Marlin W., 2023. "Same-day delivery with fair customer service," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 308(2), pages 738-751.
  9. Mosquera, Roberto, 2024. "Stuck in traffic: Measuring congestion externalities with negative supply shocks," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
  10. John List, 2021. "2021 Summary Data of Artefactual Field Experiments Published on Fieldexperiments.com," Artefactual Field Experiments 00749, The Field Experiments Website.
  11. Howell, Sabrina T. & Nanda, Ramana, 2024. "Networking Frictions in Venture Capital, and the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 59(6), pages 2733-2761, September.
  12. Peter Blair & Benjamin Posmanick, 2023. "Why Did Gender Wage Convergence in the United States Stall?," Working Papers 2023-001, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
  13. Denise Kasparian & Agustina Súnico & Julieta Grasas & Julia Cófreces, 2023. "Socio-Labour Inclusion of Low-Income Women in the Digital Economy: A Comparison between Corporate and Cooperative Domestic Work Platforms," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-18, October.
  14. Bogliacino, Francesco & Codagnone, Cristiano & Cirillo, Valeria & Guarascio, Dario, 2019. "Quantity and quality of work in the platform economy," GLO Discussion Paper Series 420, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
  15. Bäckman, Claes & Hanspal, Tobin, 2018. "Participation and Losses in Multi-Level Marketing: Evidence from an FTC Settlement," Working Papers 2018:13, Lund University, Department of Economics, revised 22 Aug 2019.
  16. Hu, Youxin & Huang, Shaoqing & Jiang, Ming & Xu, Xiaoshu, 2024. "Traffic violations and economic preferences: Evidence from full-time drivers of a large transportation network company in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
  17. Lochner, Benjamin & Merkl, Christian, 2022. "Gender-specific application behavior, matching, and the residual gender earnings gap," FAU Discussion Papers in Economics 04/2022, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute for Economics.
  18. Zhijie Zhang & Qingqing Zong, 2023. "Gender diversity and patent quality: Evidence from Chinese patent data," International Studies of Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(4), pages 430-453, December.
  19. Alfitian, Jakob & Deversi, Marvin & Sliwka, Dirk, 2023. "Closing the Gender Gap in Salary Increases: Evidence from a Field Experiment on Promoting Pay Equity," IZA Discussion Papers 16278, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  20. Donna, Javier D. & Veramendi, Gregory, 2018. "Gender Differences within the Firm: Evidence from Two Million Travelers," MPRA Paper 90060, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  21. Nikhil Garg & Hamid Nazerzadeh, 2022. "Driver Surge Pricing," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(5), pages 3219-3235, May.
  22. Katarzyna Bech‐Wysocka & Magdalena Smyk & Joanna Tyrowicz & Lucas van der Velde, 2025. "Matching it up: Non‐standard work and job satisfaction," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 508-532, March.
  23. Fangzhi Wanga & Hua Liao & Richard S.J. Tol, 2023. "Baumol’s Climate Disease," Working Paper Series 0723, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.
  24. Spencer Bastani & Thomas Giebe & Oliver Gürtler, 2023. "Overconfidence and Gender Equality in the Labor Market," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 220, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
  25. Oliver Alexander & Jeff Borland & Andrew Charlton & Amit Singh, 2021. "Uber down under: The labour market for drivers in Australia," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2021n18, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne.
  26. Bharat Chandar & Uri Gneezy & John List & Ian Muir, 2019. "The Drivers of Social Preferences: Evidence from a Nationwide Tipping Field Experiment," Natural Field Experiments 00680, The Field Experiments Website.
  27. Peter T. Calcagno & Meg M. Montgomery, 2021. "The gender wage gap: an analysis of US congressional staff members," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 188(1), pages 183-201, July.
  28. Teutloff, Ole & Stenzhorn, Eliza & Kässi, Otto, 2025. "Skills, job application strategies, and the gender wage gap: Evidence from online freelancing," ZEW Discussion Papers 25-016, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  29. Zhou, Yaqian & Ke, Jintao & Yang, Hai & Guo, Pengfei, 2024. "Platform integration in ride-sourcing markets with heterogeneous passengers," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
  30. Brice Corgnet & Simon Gaechter & Roberto Hernan Gonzalez, 2020. "Working Too Much for Too Little: Stochastic Rewards Cause Work Addiction," Discussion Papers 2020-03, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.
  31. Martin Abel, 2024. "Do Workers Discriminate against Female Bosses?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 59(2), pages 470-501.
  32. Strenio, Jacqueline & van der Meulen Rodgers, Yana, 2023. "Integrating Gender into a Labor Economics Class," IZA Discussion Papers 15886, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  33. Bari Lauren, 2020. "Who are solo self-employed women? Analysis of the trends and characteristics of solo self-employed women in Ireland 2003–2019," The Irish Journal of Management, Sciendo, vol. 40(1), pages 42-60, July.
  34. Yi Zhang & Dan Li & Shengren Liu, 2024. "Research on the Impact of the Public Safety Emergencies on Women Riders’ Preference of Shanghai Real-Time Crowdsourcing Logistics Platform," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, May.
  35. Pushkar Maitra & Ananta Neelim, 2024. "Discrimination in Developing Countries," Monash Economics Working Papers 2024-03, Monash University, Department of Economics.
  36. Chadi, Adrian & Hetschko, Clemens, 2025. "Income or leisure? On the hidden benefits of (un)employment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
  37. Yanay Farja & Avi Tillman & Ori Zax, 2022. "The Gender Gap: Looking at the Entire Distribution," Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, , vol. 34(1), pages 51-68, January.
  38. Yongwook Paik & Christos A. Makridis, 2023. "The social value of a ridesharing platform: a hedonic pricing approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 64(5), pages 2125-2150, May.
  39. Alexandra D Lefcoe & Catherine E Connelly & Ian R Gellatly, 2024. "Ride-Hail Drivers, Taxi Drivers and Multiple Jobholders: Who Takes the Most Risks and Why?," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 38(5), pages 1307-1332, October.
  40. Gerber, Christine, 2022. "Gender and precarity in platform work: Old inequalities in the new world of work," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 37(2), pages 206-230.
  41. David Dorn & Florian Schoner & Moritz Seebacher & Lisa Simon & Ludger Woessmann, 2024. "Multidimensional Skills on LinkedIn Profiles: Measuring Human Capital and the Gender Skill Gap," Papers 2409.18638, arXiv.org, revised May 2025.
  42. Yana Gallen, 2024. "Motherhood and the Gender Productivity Gap," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 22(3), pages 1055-1096.
  43. Heather Sarsons, 2024. "How the other half works: Claudia Goldin's contributions to our understanding of women's labour market outcomes," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 126(3), pages 419-439, July.
  44. Meng Liu & Erik Brynjolfsson & Jason Dowlatabadi, 2021. "Do Digital Platforms Reduce Moral Hazard? The Case of Uber and Taxis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(8), pages 4665-4685, August.
  45. Derrick Choe & Alexander Oettl & Robert Seamans, 2020. "What’s Driving Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the Transport Sector?," NBER Working Papers 27284, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  46. Gerald J. Pruckner & Flora Stiftinger & Katrin Zocher, 2024. "When women take over: Physician gender and health care provision," Economics working papers 2024-04, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
  47. Nick Deschachtⓡ & Sunčica Vujićⓡ & Oscar Frison, 2025. "The Greedy Jobs Phenomenon as a Driving Force Behind the Gender Pay Gap: A Systematic Review," De Economist, Springer, vol. 173(1), pages 177-204, March.
  48. Pedro Bento & Lin Shao & Faisal Sohail, 2023. "Gender Gaps in Time Use and Entrepreneurship," Working Papers 20230901-001, Texas A&M University, Department of Economics.
  49. Ni Huang & Gordon Burtch & Yili Hong & Paul A. Pavlou, 2020. "Unemployment and Worker Participation in the Gig Economy: Evidence from an Online Labor Market," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 31(2), pages 431-448, June.
  50. Popan, Cosmin & Anaya-Boig, Esther, 2021. "The intersectional precarity of platform cycle delivery workers," SocArXiv tk6v8, Center for Open Science.
  51. Bharat Chandar & Ali Hortacsu & John List & Ian Muir & Jeffrey Wooldridge, 2019. "Design and Analysis of Cluster-Randomized Field Experiments in Panel Data Settings," Natural Field Experiments 00681, The Field Experiments Website.
  52. Jiachen Han & Mingming Li & Shi Li & Yingying Hu, 2024. "The widening gender wage gap in the gig economy in China: the impact of digitalisation," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, December.
  53. Peter Kuhn & Kailing Shen, 2023. "What Happens When Employers Can No Longer Discriminate in Job Ads?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(4), pages 1013-1048, April.
  54. Vitellozzi, Sveva & Cecchi, Francesco & Rapallini, Chiara, 2025. "The invisible family load and the gender earnings gap in Kenya," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
  55. Kispál-Vitai, Zsuzsanna & Németh, Julianna, 2021. "Szilánkok az üvegplafonból [Splinters from the glass ceiling]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(3), pages 308-331.
  56. Brad Greenwood & Idris Adjerid & Corey M. Angst & Nathan L. Meikle, 2022. "How Unbecoming of You: Online Experiments Uncovering Gender Biases in Perceptions of Ridesharing Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 175(3), pages 499-518, January.
  57. Estrella Gomez-Herrera & Frank Müller-Langer, 2019. "Is There a Gender Wage Gap in Online Labor Markets? Evidence from Over 250,000 Projects and 2.5 Million Wage Bill Proposals," CESifo Working Paper Series 7779, CESifo.
  58. Paul Oyer, 2020. "The gig economy," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 471-471, January.
  59. Basil Halperin & Benjamin Ho & John A List & Ian Muir, 2022. "Toward An Understanding of the Economics of Apologies: Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Field Experiment," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 132(641), pages 273-298.
  60. Contensou, François & Vranceanu, Radu, 2019. "Working time and wage rate differences : a contract theory approach," ESSEC Working Papers WP1913, ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School, revised 06 Mar 2021.
  61. Doerrenberg, Philipp & Duncan, Denvil & Li, Danyang, 2024. "The (in)visible hand: Do workers discriminate against employers?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
  62. Tan, Zhi Ming & Aggarwal, Nikita & Cowls, Josh & Morley, Jessica & Taddeo, Mariarosaria & Floridi, Luciano, 2021. "The ethical debate about the gig economy: A review and critical analysis," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
  63. Ausseil, Rosemonde & Ulmer, Marlin W. & Pazour, Jennifer A., 2024. "Online acceptance probability approximation in peer-to-peer transportation," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
  64. Michael David Maffie, 2024. "Adversaries or Cross-Organization Co-workers? Exploring the Relationship between Gig Workers and Conventional Employees," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 77(1), pages 3-31, January.
  65. Woodruff, Christopher & Menzel, Andreas, 2019. "Gender Wage Gaps and Worker Mobility: Evidence from the Garment Sector in Bangladesh," CEPR Discussion Papers 13577, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
  66. Chen Liang & Yili Hong & Bin Gu & Jing Peng, 2018. "Gender Wage Gap in Online Gig Economy and Gender Differences in Job Preferences," Working Papers 18-03, NET Institute.
  67. David P. Baron, 2018. "Disruptive Entrepreneurship and Dual Purpose Strategies: The Case of Uber," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 3(2), pages 439-462, June.
  68. Julian V Johnsen & Hyejin Ku & Kjell G Salvanes, 2024. "Competition and Career Advancement," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 91(5), pages 2954-2980.
  69. Becerra, Oscar & Guerra, José-Alberto, 2023. "Personal safety first: Do workers value safer jobs?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 996-1016.
  70. Committee, Nobel Prize, 2023. "Scientific Background to the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023," Nobel Prize in Economics documents 2023-2, Nobel Prize Committee.
  71. Dorn, David & Schoner, Florian & Seebacher, Moritz & Simon, Lisa & Woessmann, Ludger, 2025. "Multidimensional Skills on LinkedIn Profiles: Measuring Human Capital and the Gender Skill Gap," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 754, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
  72. Oliver Alexander & Jeff Borland & Andrew Charlton & Amit Singh, 2022. "The Labour Market for Uber Drivers in Australia," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 55(2), pages 177-194, June.
  73. Gomez-Herrera, Estrella & Mueller-Langer, Frank, 2024. "Does information disclosure affect the gender gap in bidding behavior? Empirical evidence from a natural experiment on a large online labor platform," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
  74. John A. List, 2020. "Non est Disputandum de Generalizability? A Glimpse into The External Validity Trial," NBER Working Papers 27535, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  75. Contensou, François & Vranceanu, Radu, 2021. "Working time and wage rate differences: Revisiting the role of preferences and labor scarcity," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 164-175.
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  77. Banerjee, Rakesh & Bharati, Tushar & Fakir, Adnan & Qian, Yiwei & Sunder, Naveen, 2024. "Gender Differences in Preferences for Flexible Work Hours: Experimental Evidence from an Online Freelancing Platform," IZA Discussion Papers 17434, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  78. Lauren Bari & Tom Turner & Michelle O'Sullivan, 2021. "Gender differences in solo self‐employment: Gendered flexibility and the effects of parenthood," Gender, Work and Organization, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(6), pages 2180-2198, November.
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