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Strukturwandel und regionales Wachstum - wissensintensive Unternehmensdienste als Wachstumsmotor?

Author

Listed:
  • Matthias Figo
  • Peter Mayerhofer

Abstract

Unsere Arbeit präsentiert empirische Evidenz zum Zusammenhang zwischen Tertiärisierung und (regionalem) Wachstum in Österreich und den Regionen der EU 27. Ausgangspunkt ist die in einem Teil der Literatur vertretene Hypothese, wonach der Strukturwandel zu Dienstleistungen wegen geringerer Möglichkeiten zur Effizienzsteigerung in diesem Sektor notwendig mit negativen Effekten auf die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktivitätsentwicklung und damit das Wachstum verbunden sei. Sie kann nach unseren Ergebnissen zumindest für die untersuchten Gebietseinheiten und die Periode seit 1991verworfen werden: Tertiärisierung war in den letzten Jahrzehnten vorrangig durch das Wachstum wissensintensiver Unternehmensdienstleistungen (KIBS) getrieben war – einem Bereich, der in weiten Teilen selbst hoch produktiv ist. Eine Charakterisierung der Tertiärisierung als Reallokation von Ressourcen von hoch produktiven (industriellen) zu geringer produktiven Aktivitäten (Dienstleistungen) geht damit grundlegend fehl. Vor allem aber spricht unsere Evidenz für positive (indirekte) Effekte, welche von KIBS über ihre Rolle in Wissens-Spillovers auf die Effizienzentwicklung in anderen Wirtschaftsbereichen ausgehen. Ökonometrisch zeigt sich für die europäische Regionsebene damit ein signifikant positiver Zusammenhang zwischen dem Strukturwandel zu KIBS und der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Produktivitätsentwicklung – ein Ergebnis, das in ähnlicher Form auch für die Tertiärisierung insgesamt reproduziert werden kann. Unsere Ergebnisse sprechen damit für eine Wirtschaftspolitik, welche den Wandel zum Dienstleistungsbereich als Bestandteil moderner Wirtschaftsentwicklung begreift und strategisch begleitet, und das Potential wissensintensiver Unternehmensdienste als Treiber von Wissens-Spillovers und Produktivitätsdynamik verstärkt nutzt. Dies spricht dafür, bestehende Programme im Unterstützungssystem KIBS-freundlicher zu gestalten, die (indirekten) Wirkungen anderer Politiken auf diesen Bereich strategisch stärker zu nutzen, und über die Arbeit von Agenturen und Institutionen im Unterstützungssystem Information und Transparenz auf den KIBS-Märkten zu erhöhen, um damit das Zusammenspiel von Angebot und Nachfrage auf diesen Märkten zu optimieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthias Figo & Peter Mayerhofer, 2015. "Strukturwandel und regionales Wachstum - wissensintensive Unternehmensdienste als Wachstumsmotor?," Working Paper Reihe der AK Wien - Materialien zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft 145, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik.
  • Handle: RePEc:clr:mwugar:145
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    2. Fritz, Oliver & Streicher, Gerhard, 2018. "Der Beitrag von Sachgüterexporten zur Wirtschaftsleistung: Eine Input-Output-Analyse," FIW Policy Brief series 039, FIW.
    3. Matthias Firgo & Peter Mayerhofer, 2016. "Wissensintensive Unternehmensdienste, Wissens-Spillovers und regionales Wachstum. Teilprojekt 3: Zur Standortstruktur von wissensintensiven Unternehmensdiensten – Fakten, Bestimmungsgründe, regionalpo," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59427, February.
    4. Peter Mayerhofer & Julia Bachtrögler-Unger & Matthias Firgo & Oliver Fritz & Michael Klien & Philipp Piribauer & Gerhard Streicher, 2020. "Kurzanalyse ausgewählter Fördermaßnahmen Wiens in der COVID-19-Krise. Eine erste qualitative Einschätzung," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66811, February.
    5. Peter Mayerhofer & Matthias Firgo & Stefan Schönfelder, 2015. "Vierter Bericht zur internationalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit Wiens," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60625, February.
    6. Peter Mayerhofer, 2016. "Unternehmensinvestitionen in den österreichischen Bundesländern. Entwicklung – Struktur – Funktion regionaler Förderung," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58936, January.
    7. Jürgen Janger & Matthias Firgo & Kathrin Hofmann & Agnes Kügler & Anna Strauss & Gerhard Streicher & Hans Pechar, 2017. "Wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Effekte von Universitäten," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60794, February.
    8. Michael Peneder & Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Matthias Firgo & Oliver Fritz & Gerhard Streicher, 2016. "Österreich im Wandel der Digitalisierung," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58979, February.
    9. Matthias Firgo & Peter Mayerhofer, 2017. "Wachstumsbremse Tertiärisierung? Evidenz für die europäischen Regionen," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(11), pages 843-854, November.

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