IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jimfin/v161y2026ics0261560625002426.html

Global trade network and the cross-section of international stock market returns

Author

Listed:
  • Fang, Tong
  • Liu, Peng
  • Su, Zhi

Abstract

We investigate the relationship between global trade network centrality and international stock market returns. We find that trade network centrality negatively and significantly predicts future international stock market returns. The Fama-MacBeth regression results also indicate that trade network centrality is priced in international stock market returns, and central (peripheral) economies have lower (higher) stock market returns. A centrality-based long-short trading strategy generates a significant centrality premium, and the risk-adjusted portfolio returns estimated by Fama-French factor models are also significant. We provide several potential explanations and empirically suggest that domestic consumption volatility, international consumption risk-sharing, conflict risk and information asymmetry shed light on the relationship between global trade network centrality and the cross-section of international stock market returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Fang, Tong & Liu, Peng & Su, Zhi, 2026. "Global trade network and the cross-section of international stock market returns," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:161:y:2026:i:c:s0261560625002426
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2025.103507
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261560625002426
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2025.103507?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yarovaya, Larisa & Lau, Marco Chi Keung, 2016. "Stock market comovements around the Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from the UK, BRICS and MIST markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 605-619.
    2. Dario Caldara & Matteo Iacoviello, 2022. "Measuring Geopolitical Risk," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(4), pages 1194-1225, April.
    3. Maggio, Marco Di & Franzoni, Francesco & Kermani, Amir & Sommavilla, Carlo, 2019. "The relevance of broker networks for information diffusion in the stock market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(2), pages 419-446.
    4. Tarek A. Hassan, 2013. "Country Size, Currency Unions, and International Asset Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(6), pages 2269-2308, December.
    5. Kose, M. Ayhan & Yi, Kei-Mu, 2006. "Can the standard international business cycle model explain the relation between trade and comovement?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(2), pages 267-295, March.
    6. Lauren Cohen & Andrea Frazzini & Christopher Malloy, 2010. "Sell‐Side School Ties," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 65(4), pages 1409-1437, August.
    7. Hevia, Constantino & Servén, Luis, 2018. "Assessing the degree of international consumption risk sharing," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 176-190.
    8. Lorenzo Bretscher, 2023. "From Local to Global: Offshoring and Asset Prices," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(3), pages 1420-1448, March.
    9. Cheng, Sirui & Hua, Xiuping & Wang, Qingfeng, 2023. "Corporate culture and firm resilience in China: Evidence from the Sino-US trade war," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    10. Fieberg, Christian & Liedtke, Gerrit & Zaremba, Adam & Cakici, Nusret, 2025. "A factor model for the cross-section of country equity risk premia," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    11. Esposito, Federico, 2022. "Demand risk and diversification through international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    12. Baxter, Marianne & Kouparitsas, Michael A., 2005. "Determinants of business cycle comovement: a robust analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(1), pages 113-157, January.
    13. Jean‐Noël Barrot & Erik Loualiche & Julien Sauvagnat, 2019. "The Globalization Risk Premium," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 74(5), pages 2391-2439, October.
    14. Dashan Huang & Fuwei Jiang & Jun Tu & Guofu Zhou, 2015. "Investor Sentiment Aligned: A Powerful Predictor of Stock Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(3), pages 791-837.
    15. Lakshmi, Geeta & Saha, Shrabani & Bhattarai, Keshab, 2021. "Does corruption matter for stock markets? The role of heterogeneous institutions," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 386-400.
    16. Lehkonen, Heikki & Heimonen, Kari, 2015. "Democracy, political risks and stock market performance," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 77-99.
    17. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Sharma, Susan Sunila & Thuraisamy, Kannan S., 2015. "Can governance quality predict stock market returns? New global evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 35(PA), pages 367-380.
    18. R. Jared DeLisle & Mengying Wang & H. Zafer Yüksel & Gulnara R. Zaynutdinova, 2024. "The effects of import competition on domestic financial markets: The role of limits-to-arbitrage," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 55(2), pages 212-234, March.
    19. Canova, Fabio & Dellas, Harris, 1993. "Trade interdependence and the international business cycle," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(1-2), pages 23-47, February.
    20. Fama, Eugene F. & French, Kenneth R., 2015. "A five-factor asset pricing model," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(1), pages 1-22.
    21. Pierfederico Asdrubali & Bent E. Sørensen & Oved Yosha, 1996. "Channels of Interstate Risk Sharing: United States 1963–1990," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 111(4), pages 1081-1110.
    22. Raja Kali & Javier Reyes, 2010. "Financial Contagion On The International Trade Network," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 48(4), pages 1072-1101, October.
    23. Larry G. Epstein & Stanley E. Zin, 2013. "Substitution, risk aversion and the temporal behavior of consumption and asset returns: A theoretical framework," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Leonard C MacLean & William T Ziemba (ed.), HANDBOOK OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING Part I, chapter 12, pages 207-239, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    24. Ivo Welch & Amit Goyal, 2008. "A Comprehensive Look at The Empirical Performance of Equity Premium Prediction," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(4), pages 1455-1508, July.
    25. Jondeau, Eric & Zhang, Qunzi & Zhu, Xiaoneng, 2019. "Average skewness matters," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(1), pages 29-47.
    26. Andrew Ang & Robert J. Hodrick & Yuhang Xing & Xiaoyan Zhang, 2006. "The Cross‐Section of Volatility and Expected Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(1), pages 259-299, February.
    27. Brandt, Michael W. & Cochrane, John H. & Santa-Clara, Pedro, 2006. "International risk sharing is better than you think, or exchange rates are too smooth," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(4), pages 671-698, May.
    28. Marshall, Ben R. & Nguyen, Hung T. & Nguyen, Nhut H. & Visaltanachoti, Nuttawat, 2021. "Country governance and international equity returns," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    29. Hasbrouck, Joel & Levich, Richard M., 2021. "Network structure and pricing in the FX market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 705-729.
    30. Samargandi, Nahla & Fidrmuc, Jan & Ghosh, Sugata, 2015. "Is the Relationship Between Financial Development and Economic Growth Monotonic? Evidence from a Sample of Middle-Income Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 66-81.
    31. repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:4:p:1481-1509 is not listed on IDEAS
    32. Bajo, Emanuele & Croci, Ettore & Marinelli, Nicoletta, 2020. "Institutional investor networks and firm value," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 65-80.
    33. Asdrubali, Pierfederico & Kim, Soyoung & Park, Haerang, 2025. "Asymmetric international risk sharing and the business cycle," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    34. Jia, Yuecheng & Liu, Yuzheng & Wu, Yangru & Yan, Shu, 2024. "Information spillover and cross-predictability of currency returns: An analysis via Machine Learning," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    35. Ang, Andrew & Hodrick, Robert J. & Xing, Yuhang & Zhang, Xiaoyan, 2009. "High idiosyncratic volatility and low returns: International and further U.S. evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 1-23, January.
    36. Lewis, Karen K. & Liu, Edith X., 2015. "Evaluating international consumption risk sharing gains: An asset return view," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 84-98.
    37. Jackson, Karen & Shepotylo, Oleksandr, 2024. "Political alliances and trade: Europe in a polarized world," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    38. Nicole Branger & Patrick Konermann & Christoph Meinerding & Christian Schlag, 2021. "Equilibrium Asset Pricing in Directed Networks [Risk premia and term premia in general equilibrium]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 25(3), pages 777-818.
    39. Thuy-Duong Tô & Ngoc-Khanh Tran, 2024. "Nontraded Sector Growth Risks and Economic Sizes in International Asset Pricing," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 70(12), pages 8448-8463, December.
    40. Burstein, Ariel & Kurz, Christopher & Tesar, Linda, 2008. "Trade, production sharing, and the international transmission of business cycles," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 775-795, May.
    41. Arora, Prateek & Choo, Dongwan & Hu, Chenyue, 2025. "Spatial consumption risk sharing," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    42. David E. Rapach & Jack K. Strauss & Guofu Zhou, 2013. "International Stock Return Predictability: What Is the Role of the United States?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(4), pages 1633-1662, August.
    43. Chinazzi, Matteo & Fagiolo, Giorgio & Reyes, Javier A. & Schiavo, Stefano, 2013. "Post-mortem examination of the international financial network," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 1692-1713.
    44. Chang, Jeffery (Jinfan) & Du, Huancheng & Lou, Dong & Polk, Christopher, 2022. "Ripples into waves: Trade networks, economic activity, and asset prices," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(1), pages 217-238.
    45. Ding, Haoyuan & Jin, Yuying & Liu, Ziyuan & Xie, Wenjing, 2019. "The relationship between international trade and capital flow: A network perspective," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-11.
    46. Chen, Sihao, 2025. "International production networks and the propagation of financial shocks," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    47. Amaya, Diego & Christoffersen, Peter & Jacobs, Kris & Vasquez, Aurelio, 2015. "Does realized skewness predict the cross-section of equity returns?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(1), pages 135-167.
    48. Clark, Todd E. & van Wincoop, Eric, 2001. "Borders and business cycles," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 59-85, October.
    49. Stefano G. Athanasoulis & Eric van Wincoop, 2001. "Risk Sharing Within The United States: What Do Financial Markets And Fiscal Federalism Accomplish?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 83(4), pages 688-698, November.
    50. Carhart, Mark M, 1997. "On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(1), pages 57-82, March.
    51. Kalemli-Özcan, Sebnem & Nikolsko–Rzhevskyy, Alex & Kwak, Jun Hee, 2020. "Does trade cause capital to flow? Evidence from historical rainfall," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    52. Gider, Jasmin & Westheide, Christian, 2016. "Relative idiosyncratic volatility and the timing of corporate insider trading," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 312-334.
    53. Frankel, Jeffrey A & Rose, Andrew K, 1998. "The Endogeneity of the Optimum Currency Area Criteria," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 108(449), pages 1009-1025, July.
    54. Polachek, Solomon W. & Seiglie, Carlos, 2007. "Trade, Peace and Democracy: An Analysis of Dyadic Dispute," Handbook of Defense Economics, in: Keith Hartley & Todd Sandler (ed.), Handbook of Defense Economics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 31, pages 1017-1073, Elsevier.
    55. Hamano, Masashige, 2022. "International risk sharing with heterogeneous firms," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    56. Ying Tang & Lu Xu & Shijun Guo & Andrea Moro, 2023. "Trade Credit and Firm Efficiency: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(7), pages 2204-2216, May.
    57. Ravi Bansal & Robert Dittmar & Dana Kiku, 2009. "Cointegration and Consumption Risks in Asset Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(3), pages 1343-1375, March.
    58. Schrimpf, Andreas, 2010. "International stock return predictability under model uncertainty," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(7), pages 1256-1282, November.
    59. Cociuba, Simona E. & Ramanarayanan, Ananth, 2019. "International risk sharing with endogenously segmented asset markets," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 61-78.
    60. Veronika K. Pool & Noah Stoffman & Scott E. Yonker, 2015. "The People in Your Neighborhood: Social Interactions and Mutual Fund Portfolios," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(6), pages 2679-2732, December.
    61. El-Khatib, Rwan & Fogel, Kathy & Jandik, Tomas, 2015. "CEO network centrality and merger performance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(2), pages 349-382.
    62. Maurice Obstfeld, 1993. "Are Industrial-Country Consumption Risks Globally Diversified?," NBER Working Papers 4308, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    63. Fernandes, Nuno & Ferreira, Miguel A., 2008. "Does international cross-listing improve the information environment," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 216-244, May.
    64. Dittmar, Robert F. & Lundblad, Christian T., 2017. "Firm characteristics, consumption risk, and firm-level risk exposures," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(2), pages 326-343.
    65. Yang, Yung Chiang & Zhang, Bohui & Zhang, Chu, 2020. "Is information risk priced? Evidence from abnormal idiosyncratic volatility," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(2), pages 528-554.
    66. Ahsan Kibria & Reza Oladi & Sherzod B. Akhundjanov, 2020. "Foreign direct investment and civil violence in Sub‐Saharan Africa," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(4), pages 948-981, April.
    67. Chan, Marc K. & Kwok, Simon, 2017. "Risk-sharing, market imperfections, asset prices: Evidence from China’s stock market liberalization," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 166-187.
    68. Berrada, Tony & Hugonnier, Julien, 2013. "Incomplete information, idiosyncratic volatility and stock returns," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 448-462.
    69. Cui, Chuantao & Li, Leona Shao-Zhi, 2023. "Trade policy uncertainty and new firm entry: Evidence from China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    70. Holinski, Nils & Kool, Clemens J.M. & Muysken, Joan, 2012. "The impact of international portfolio composition on consumption risk sharing," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 1715-1728.
    71. Bai, Yan & Zhang, Jing, 2012. "Financial integration and international risk sharing," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 17-32.
    72. Darrat, Ali F. & Li, Bin & Park, Jung Chul, 2011. "Consumption-based CAPM models: International evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 2148-2157, August.
    73. Manela, Asaf & Moreira, Alan, 2017. "News implied volatility and disaster concerns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(1), pages 137-162.
    74. Kamal, Md Mostafa & Roca, Eduardo & Li, Bin & Lin, Chen & Reza, Rajibur, 2025. "Price contagion and risk spillover in the global commodities market: COVID-19 pandemic vs. global financial crisis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    75. Hou, Ai Jun & Sarno, Lucio & Ye, Xiaoxia, 2025. "The trade imbalance network and currency returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    76. Ranveig Drolsum Flaten & Indra de Soysa, 2012. "Globalization and Political Violence, 1970--2008," International Interactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(5), pages 622-646, November.
    77. Björn Hagströmer & Albert J. Menkveld, 2019. "Information Revelation in Decentralized Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 74(6), pages 2751-2787, December.
    78. Bajo, Emanuele & Chemmanur, Thomas J. & Simonyan, Karen & Tehranian, Hassan, 2016. "Underwriter networks, investor attention, and initial public offerings," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 376-408.
    79. Albalate, Daniel & Bel, Germà & Mazaira-Font, Ferran A. & Ros-Oton, Xavier, 2024. "Paying for protection: bilateral trade with an alliance leader and defense spending of minor partners," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 234-247.
    80. Doireann Fitzgerald, 2012. "Trade Costs, Asset Market Frictions, and Risk Sharing," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(6), pages 2700-2733, October.
    81. Huang, Yi & Lin, Chen & Liu, Sibo & Tang, Heiwai, 2023. "Trade networks and firm value: Evidence from the U.S.-China trade war," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    82. Robert J. Richmond, 2019. "Trade Network Centrality and Currency Risk Premia," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 74(3), pages 1315-1361, June.
    83. Ahern, Kenneth R., 2017. "Information networks: Evidence from illegal insider trading tips," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(1), pages 26-47.
    84. William C. Gruben & Jahyeong Koo & Eric Millis, 2002. "How much does international trade affect business cycle synchronization ?," Working Papers 0203, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    85. Dasgupta, Sudipto & Gan, Jie & Gao, Ning, 2010. "Transparency, Price Informativeness, and Stock Return Synchronicity: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 45(5), pages 1189-1220, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dungey, Mardi & Khan, Faisal & Raghavan, Mala, 2018. "International trade and the transmission of shocks: The case of ASEAN-4 and NIE-4 economies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 109-121.
    2. Long, Huaigang & Chiah, Mardy & Zaremba, Adam & Umar, Zaghum, 2024. "Changes in shares outstanding and country stock returns around the world," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    3. Long, Huaigang & Zaremba, Adam & Zhou, Wenyu & Bouri, Elie, 2022. "Macroeconomics matter: Leading economic indicators and the cross-section of global stock returns," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    4. Chue, Timothy K. & Gul, Ferdinand A. & Mian, G. Mujtaba, 2019. "Aggregate investor sentiment and stock return synchronicity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    5. Kose, M. Ayhan & Yi, Kei-Mu, 2006. "Can the standard international business cycle model explain the relation between trade and comovement?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(2), pages 267-295, March.
    6. Avila-Montealegre, Oscar & Mix, Carter, 2024. "Common trade exposure and business cycle comovement," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    7. Ng, Eric C.Y., 2010. "Production fragmentation and business-cycle comovement," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 1-14, September.
    8. Juvenal, Luciana & Santos Monteiro, Paulo, 2017. "Trade and synchronization in a multi-country economy," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 385-415.
    9. Sakemoto, Ryuta, 2023. "The long-run risk premium in the intertemporal CAPM: International evidence," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    10. Huang, Dashan & Li, Jiangyuan & Wang, Liyao, 2021. "Are disagreements agreeable? Evidence from information aggregation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 83-101.
    11. Daragh Clancy & Lorenzo Ricci, 2019. "Loss aversion, economic sentiments and international consumption smoothing," Working Papers 35, European Stability Mechanism.
    12. Michael Hasler & Charles Martineau, 2023. "Explaining the Failure of the Unconditional CAPM with the Conditional CAPM," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(3), pages 1835-1855, March.
    13. Chaban, Maxym, 2024. "Exchange rate dynamics and consumption of traded goods," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    14. Beck, Krzysztof, 2021. "Why business cycles diverge? Structural evidence from the European Union," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    15. Hassan, Ramin & Loualiche, Erik & Pecora, Alexandre R. & Ward, Colin, 2023. "International trade and the risk in bilateral exchange rates," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(2).
    16. Adam Zaremba & Jacob Koby Shemer, 2018. "Price-Based Investment Strategies," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-91530-2, October.
    17. Zhu, Zhaobo & Ding, Wenjie & Jin, Yi & Shen, Dehua, 2023. "Dissecting the idiosyncratic volatility puzzle: A fundamental analysis approach," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    18. Doron Avramov & Si Cheng & Lior Metzker, 2023. "Machine Learning vs. Economic Restrictions: Evidence from Stock Return Predictability," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(5), pages 2587-2619, May.
    19. Blonigen, Bruce A. & Piger, Jeremy & Sly, Nicholas, 2014. "Comovement in GDP trends and cycles among trading partners," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 239-247.
    20. de Soyres, François & Gaillard, Alexandre, 2022. "Global trade and GDP comovement," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • F37 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • F47 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:161:y:2026:i:c:s0261560625002426. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/30443 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.