Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

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Top JEL
/ L: Industrial Organization
/ / L2: Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
/ / / L22: Firm Organization and Market Structure

2010

• David Byrne, 2010, "Acquisitions As A Response To Deregulation: Evidence From The Cable Television Industry," Working Paper, Economics Department, Queen's University, number 1242, Mar.
• José De Sousa & Xavier Fairise, 2010, "Do we need handshakes to cooperate in buyer-supplier relationships?," Working Papers SMART, INRAE UMR SMART, number 10-13.
• Martin Hoepner & Tim Muellenborn, 2010, "Mitbestimmung im Unternehmensvergleich. Ein Konzept zur Messung des Einflusspotentials der Arbeitnehmervertreter im mitbestimmten Aufsichtsrat (Comparing Levels of Company Codetermination. A Proposal for an Index to Measure the Influence Capacity of ," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 1, pages 7-29.
• Magdalena Bernaciak & Vera Scepanovic, 2010, "Challenges of Upgrading: The Dynamics of East Central Europe’s Integration into the European Automotive Production Networks," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 2, pages 123-146.
• Veronika Dehnen, 2010, "Die Einbindung von mittel- und osteuropaeischen Standorten in die Arbeit von Europaeischen Betriebsraeten – Interessensausgleich zwischen EBR-Mitgliedern am Beispiel General Motors Europe (Involvement of East-European Members in the Work of European ," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 2, pages 147-169.
• Marta Kahancova, 2010, "Economic Interests, Company Values and Local Institutions: Shaping Soft Work Practices in a Multinational’s Subsidiaries in Western and Central Eastern Europe," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 2, pages 170-191.
• Stephan Meise, 2010, "Regionale Gewerkschaftspraxis in Ostdeutschland 20 Jahre nach der 'Wende' – eine Fallstudie (Trade Unions in East Germany 20 Years after 'Die Wende' – A Case Study)," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 2, pages 214-231.
• Aleksandra Sznajder Lee & Vera Trappmann, 2010, "Von der Avantgarde zu den Verlierern des Postkommunismus: Gewerkschaften im Prozess der Restrukturierung der Stahlindustrie in Mittel- und Osteuropa (From Vanguard to Losers of Postcommunism: Unions and Restructur-ing of the Steel Industry in Central," Industrielle Beziehungen - Zeitschrift fuer Arbeit, Organisation und Management - The German Journal of Industrial Relations, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 17, issue 2, pages 192-213.
• Susanne Gretzinger & Holger Hinz & Wenzel Matiaske, 2010, "Cooperation in Innovation Networks: The Case of Danish and German SMEs," management revue. Socio-economic Studies, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 21, issue 2, pages 193-216.
• Joerg Freiling & Hanno Fichtner, 2010, "Organizational Culture as the Glue between People and Organization: A Competence-based View on Learning and Competence Building," Zeitschrift fuer Personalforschung. German Journal of Research in Human Resource Management, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 24, issue 2, pages 152-172.
• María Jesús Ruiz Fuensanta, 2010, "Influence of district external economies on firm Productivity: a multilevel approach," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 18, pages 61-82.
• Harald Oberhofer, 2010, "Employment effects of acquisitions: Evidence from acquired European firms," Working Papers in Economics, University of Salzburg, number 2010-10, Jul.
• Kenan SPAHO, 2010, "Sales Organization And Functionality In Companies On The Industrial Market In Bosnia And Herzegovina," Management Research and Practice, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, volume 2, issue 4, pages 409-420, December.
• Pierluigi Murro, 2010, "Lending technologies in Italy: an example of hardening soft information?," Rivista Bancaria - Minerva Bancaria, Istituto di Cultura Bancaria Francesco Parrillo, issue 4, October.
• Oliver Gürtler, 2010, "Haggling for Rents, Relational Contracts, and the Theory of the Firm," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, volume 62, issue 4, pages 359-377, October.
• Lucinda Trigo-Gamarra & Christian Growitsch, 2010, "Comparing Single- and Multichannel Distribution Strategies in the German Life Insurance Market: An Analysis of Cost and Profit Efficiency," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, volume 62, issue 4, pages 401-417, October.
• Marcel Risch & Jorn Altmann & Li Guo & Alan Fleming & Costas Courcoubetis, 2010, "The GridEcon Platform: A Business Scenario Testbed for Commercial Cloud Services," TEMEP Discussion Papers, Seoul National University; Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), number 201039, Jan, revised Jan 2010.
• Kibae Kim & Jorn Altmann & Junseok Hwang, 2010, "Measuring and Analyzing the Openness of the Web2.0 Service Network for Improving the Innovation Capacity of the Web2.0 System through Collective Intelligence," TEMEP Discussion Papers, Seoul National University; Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), number 201057, Mar, revised Mar 2010.
• Kibae Kim & Jorn Altmann & Junseok Hwang, 2010, "An Analysis of the Openness of the Web2.0 Service Network Based on Two Sets of Indices for Measuring the Impact of Service Ownership," TEMEP Discussion Papers, Seoul National University; Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), number 201067, Oct, revised Oct 2010.
• Michael Maurer & Vincent C. Emeakaroha & Ivona Brandic & Jorn Altmann, 2010, "Cost and Benefit of the SLA Mapping Approach for Defining Standardized Goods in Cloud Computing Markets," TEMEP Discussion Papers, Seoul National University; Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), number 201069, Dec, revised Dec 2010.
• Marc Levy, 2010, "The Banzhaf Index in Complete and Incomplete Shareholding Structures: A New Algorithm," Working Papers CEB, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, number 10-046, Sep.
• Chun Yang & Haifeng Liao, 2010, "Industrial agglomeration of Hong Kong and Taiwanese manufacturing investment in China: a town-level analysis in Dongguan," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, volume 45, issue 3, pages 487-517, December, DOI: 10.1007/s00168-009-0305-8.
• Luis Façanha & Marcelo Resende, 2010, "Determinants of hierarchical structure in industrial firms: an empirical study," Economics of Governance, Springer, volume 11, issue 3, pages 295-308, June, DOI: 10.1007/s10101-010-0079-6.
• Jan-Philipp Kramer & Javier Revilla Diez & Elisabetta Marinelli & Simona Iammarino, 2010, "Intangible assets and MNEs’ locational strategies for innovation—or: why the regional matters," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), volume 30, issue 2, pages 129-157, September, DOI: 10.1007/s10037-010-0046-2.
• Christopher Coyne & Justin Isaacs & Jeremy Schwartz, 2010, "Entrepreneurship and the taste for discrimination," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, volume 20, issue 4, pages 609-627, August, DOI: 10.1007/s00191-009-0164-6.
• Lalit Manral, 2010, "Demand competition and investment heterogeneity in industries based on systemic technologies: evidence from the US long-distance telecommunications services industry, 1984–1996," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, volume 20, issue 5, pages 765-802, October, DOI: 10.1007/s00191-010-0175-3.
• Àlex Arenas & Antonio Cabrales & Leon Danon & Albert Díaz-Guilera & Roger Guimerà & Fernando Vega-Redondo, 2010, "Optimal information transmission in organizations: search and congestion," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, volume 14, issue 1, pages 75-93, March, DOI: 10.1007/s10058-008-0067-2.
• Florentina Constantin & Giovanna Giusti & Giuseppe Tattara, 2010, "Strategies of Italian Firms in Romania: Evidence from Selected Case Studies," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), volume 16, issue 4, pages 829-847, February, DOI: 10.1007/s11300-009-0124-8.
• Vladislav Cadil & Zdenek Kucera & Ondrej Pokorny, 2010, "Comparison of Localisation Motives for R&D Investment of Multinational Enterprises in the New and Old EU Member Regions," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), volume 17, issue 4, pages 709-724, December, DOI: 10.1007/s11300-010-0169-8.
• Andrew B. Bernard & Marco Grazzi & Chiara Tomasi, 2010, "Intermediaries in International Trade: direct versus indirect modes of export," LEM Papers Series, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy, number 2010/19, Nov.
• Willem H. Boshoff, 2010, "The strategic implications of black empowerment in South Africa: a case study of boundary choice and client preferences in a small firm," Working Papers, Stellenbosch University, Department of Economics, number 07/2010.
• Elena Cefis, 2010, "The impact of M&A on technology sourcing strategies," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 19, issue 1, pages 27-51, DOI: 10.1080/10438590903016385.
• Davide Castellani & Giorgia Giovannetti, 2010, "Productivity and the international firm: dissecting heterogeneity," Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Taylor and Francis Journals, volume 13, issue 1, pages 25-42, DOI: 10.1080/17487870903546226.
• Lucia Cusmano & Maria Luisa Mancusi & Andrea Morrison, 2010, "Globalization of Production and Innovation: How Outsourcing is Reshaping an Advanced Manufacturing Area," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 44, issue 3, pages 235-252, DOI: 10.1080/00343400802360451.
• Picchio, M. & van Ours, J.C., 2010, "Market Imperfections and Firm-Sponsored Training," Discussion Paper, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research, number 2010-57.
• Picchio, M. & van Ours, J.C., 2010, "Market Imperfections and Firm-Sponsored Training," Other publications TiSEM, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management, number 81b2ea8b-3bb0-4c10-a87f-2.
• William Fuchs & Luis Garicano, 2010, "Matching Problems with Expertise in Firms and Markets," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, volume 8, issue 2-3, pages 354-364, 04-05.
• Daron Acemoglu & Philippe Aghion & Rachel Griffith & Fabrizio Zilibotti, 2010, "Vertical Integration and Technology: Theory and Evidence," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, volume 8, issue 5, pages 989-1033, September.
• Hagenbach, Jeanne, 2010, "Centralizing Information in Networks," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich, number 313, Apr.
• Hansen, Thorsten, 2010, "Innovation and the International Firm Structure: Theory and Evidence from German Firm-Level Data," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich, number 315, Apr.
• Hansen, Thorsten, 2010, "Exports and Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of German and Austrian Firm-Level Performance," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich, number 317, Apr.
• Andrew B. Bernard & Marco Grazzi & Chiara Tomasi, 2010, "Intermediaries in International Trade: direct versus indirect modes of export," Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Trento, Italia, number 1016.
• Dubois, Pierre & Jodar-Rosell, Sandra, 2010, "Price and Brand Competition between Differentiated Retailers: A Structural Econometric Model," TSE Working Papers, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), number 10-159, Apr.
• Heiwai Tang, 2010, "Labor Market Institutions, Firm-specific Skills, and Trade Patterns," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University, Department of Economics, Tufts University, number 0755.
• Lisa Bruttel & Simeon Schudy, 2010, "Competition within firms," TWI Research Paper Series, Thurgauer Wirtschaftsinstitut, Universität Konstanz, number 62.
• Richard N. Langlois, 2010, "Business Groups and the Natural State," Working papers, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics, number 2010-29, Nov.
• Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Steven Martin, 2010, "Exclusivity and Exclusion on Platform Markets," University of East Anglia Applied and Financial Economics Working Paper Series, School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK., number 016, Sep.
• Subhashish M. Chowdhury & Stephen Martin, 2010, "Exclusivity and exclusion on platform markets," Working Paper series, University of East Anglia, Centre for Behavioural and Experimental Social Science (CBESS), School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK., number 10-14, Sep.
• Cheriet, F., 2010, "Performance et dynamiques des réseaux d'alliances stratégiques asymétriques," Working Papers MoISA, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France, number 201003.
• Cheriet, F., 2010, "Internationalisation et nouvelles implantations des firmes multinationales : le processus séquentiel du modèle d'Uppsala est-il toujours d'actualité ?," Working Papers MoISA, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France, number 201005.
• Iizuka, Michiko & Katz, Jorge, 2010, "Natural resource industries, 'tragedy of the commons' and the case of Chilean salmon farming," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2010-061.
• Marco Marini & Alberto Zevi, 2010, "Consumer Cooperatives and Welfare in a Mixed Oligopoly," Working Papers, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Economics, Society & Politics - Scientific Committee - L. Stefanini & G. Travaglini, number 1010, revised 2010.
• Antonio Nicita & Simone Sepe, 2010, "Optimal Contract Design with Unilateral Market Option," Department of Economics University of Siena, Department of Economics, University of Siena, number 593, May.
• Etro Federico, 2010, "Endogenous Market Structures and Contract Theory. Delegation, principal-agent contracts, screening, franchising and tying," Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", number 2010_25.
• Michela Cella & Federico Etro, 2010, "Oligopolistic Screening and Two-way Distortion," Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", number 2010_28.
• Ciumara, Tudor, 2010, "Importance Of Business Planning In An Environment Lacking Economic Predictability," Studii Financiare (Financial Studies), Centre of Financial and Monetary Research "Victor Slavescu", volume 14, issue 3, pages 147-151.
• Nicholas Wilson & Kavian Munshi, 2010, "Identity and Mobility: Historical Fractionalization, Parochial Institutions, and Occupational Choice in the American Midwest," Center for Development Economics, Department of Economics, Williams College, number 2011-02, Oct.
• Kaivan Munshi & Nicholas Wilson, 2010, "Identity and Mobility: Historical Fractionalization, Parochial Institutions, and Occupational Choice in the American Midwest," Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College, number 2010-20, Aug, revised Dec 2010.
• Nicholas Wilson, 2010, "Economic Booms and Risky Sexual Behavior: Evidence from Zambian Copper Mining Cities," Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College, number 2010-21, Oct, revised Oct 2011.
• Gianita BLEOJU, 2010, "Design Challenges for Innovation Management on Agro-Food Sector," Timisoara Journal of Economics, West University of Timisoara, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, volume 3, issue 4(12), pages 247-262.
• Audretsch, David B. & Hülsbeck, Marcel & Lehmann, Erik E., 2010, "The benefits of family ownership, control and management on financial performance of firms," UO Working Papers, University of Augsburg, Chair of Management and Organization, number 05-10, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1690963.
• Hasan, Iftekhar & Schmiedel, Heiko & Song, Liang, 2010, "Growth strategies and value creation: what works best for stock exchanges?," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers, Bank of Finland, number 2/2010.
• Capps, Cory S. & Carlton, Dennis W. & David, Guy, 2010, "Antitrust Treatment of Nonprofits: Should Hospitals Receive Special Care?," Working Papers, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, George J. Stigler Center for the Study of the Economy and the State, number 232.
• Juranek, Steffen & Walz, Uwe, 2010, "Vertical integration, competition, and financial exchanges: Is there grain in the silo?," CFS Working Paper Series, Center for Financial Studies (CFS), number 2010/22.
• Bataille, Marc & Coenen, Michael, 2010, "Zugangsentgelte zur Infrastruktur der Deutsche Bahn AG: Fluch oder Segen durch vertikale Separierung?," DICE Ordnungspolitische Perspektiven, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE), number 07.
• Hirsch, Boris & Mueller, Steffen, 2010, "Temporary agency work and the user firm's productivity: First evidence from German Panel Data," Discussion Papers, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics, number 68.
• König, Jan, 2010, "Outsourcing motives, competitiveness and taxation," Discussion Papers, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics, number 2010/33.
• König, Jan, 2010, "Welfare effects of outsourcing in duopolistic markets," Discussion Papers, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics, number 2010/34.
• Dadasov, Ramin & Lorz, Jens Oliver, 2010, "Mode of Entry and Expropriation," Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Hannover 2010, Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics, number 27.
• Ringle, Günther & Göler von Ravensburg, Nicole, 2010, "Der genossenschaftliche Förderauftrag," Wismar Discussion Papers, Hochschule Wismar, Wismar Business School, number 04/2010.
• Liang, Qiao & Hendrikse, George W. J. & Huang, Zuhui, 2010, "Quality provision and governance structure variety: Pooling versus double markup," IAMO Forum 2010: Institutions in Transition – Challenges for New Modes of Governance, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO), number 52694.
• Wandel, Jürgen, 2010, "The cluster-based development strategy in Kazakhstan's agro-food sector: A critical assessment from an Austrian perspective
  [Die Clusterförderungsstrategie im Agrar- und Ernährungssektor Kasachstans: Eine kritische Bewertung aus Sicht der Österrei," IAMO Discussion Papers, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), number 128.
• Konrad, Kai A., 2010, "Merger profitability in industries with brand portfolios and loyal customers," Discussion Papers, Research Professorship & Project "The Future of Fiscal Federalism", WZB Berlin Social Science Center, number SP II 2010-08.
• Robert Fabac, 2010, "Complexity in Organizations and Environment - Adaptive Changes and Adaptive Decision-Making," Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems - scientific journal, Croatian Interdisciplinary Society Provider Homepage: http://indecs.eu, volume 8, issue 1, pages 34-48.

2009

• Joseph P.H. Fan & Jun Huang & Randall Morck & Bernard Yeung, 2009, "Vertical Integration, Institutional Determinants and Impact: Evidence from China," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 14650, Jan.
• Luis Garicano & Thomas Hubbard, 2009, "Earnings Inequality and Coordination Costs: Evidence From U.S. Law Firms," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 14741, Feb.
• Thomas J. Holmes & Julia Thornton Snider, 2009, "A Theory of Outsourcing and Wage Decline," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 14856, Apr.
• Steven D. Levitt & John A. List, 2009, "Was there Really a Hawthorne Effect at the Hawthorne Plant? An Analysis of the Original Illumination Experiments," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 15016, May.
• Katherine Ho & Matthew Neidell, 2009, "Equilibrium effects of public goods: The impact of community water fluoridation on dentists," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 15056, Jun.
• Jeremy T. Fox, 2009, "Identification in Matching Games," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 15092, Jun.
• Philippe Aghion & Drew Fudenberg & Richard T. Holden, 2009, "Subgame Perfect Implementation with Almost Perfect Information and the Hold-Up Problem," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 15167, Jul.
• Knobel, A., 2009, "Vertical Integration and Economic Growth: An Empirical Study," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, issue 3-4, pages 54-70.
• Andrea Pozzi, 2009, "Shopping Cost and Brand Exploration in Online Grocery," Working Papers, NET Institute, number 09-10, Sep, revised Sep 2009.
• George Deltas & Seung-Hyun Hong, 2009, "Heterogeneity and Information Spillovers in Web Service Sourcing," Working Papers, NET Institute, number 09-20, Sep, revised Sep 2009.
• Stefan Behringer & Lapo Filistrucchi, 2009, "Price Wars in Two-Sided Markets: The case of the UK Quality Newspapers," Working Papers, NET Institute, number 09-26, Nov, revised Dec 2009.
• Reinhard Biedermann, 2009, "Private Governance in der Spielzeugindustrie – Voraussetzungen und Strategien zur Durchsetzung einer Branchenvereinbarung (Private Governance and Social Standards in the Toy Industries)," Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik - Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, volume 10, issue 1, pages 18-36.
• Klaus Mueller, 2009, "Vertrauen zwischen Fremden – Zum Aufbau einer Joint-Venture-Culture in interkulturellen Verhandlungen (Trust Between Foreign Partners – How to Construct a Joint-Venture-Culture in Intercultural Negotiations)," Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik - Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, volume 10, issue 1, pages 66-85.
• Drăghici Alina, 2009, "Reţelele în economie. O trecere în revistă," Revista OEconomica, Romanian Society for Economic Science, Revista OEconomica, issue 03, September.
• Iacobuta Andreea-Oana, 2009, "A New Approach In Economics: Transaction Costs Theory," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, volume 2, issue 1, pages 370-375, May.
• Cuc Sunhilde & Kanya Hajnalka, 2009, "Corporate Governance- A Transparency Index For The Romanian Listed Companies," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, volume 2, issue 1, pages 60-66, May.
• Anto Domazet & Nadzida Saric, 2009, "Strategies of Mobile Virtual Network Operators in the Southeast Europe Region," Interdisciplinary Management Research, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics, Croatia, volume 5, pages 123-135.
• Belton M. Fleisher & Dinghuan Hu & William McGuire & Xiaobo Zhang, 2009, "The Evolution of an Industrial Cluster in China," Working Papers, Ohio State University, Department of Economics, number 09-05, May.
• Renée B. Adams & Daniel Ferreira, 2009, "Strong Managers, Weak Boards?," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, volume 55, issue 3-4, pages 482-514.
• Suma Athreye & Dinar Kale & Shyama V. Ramani, 2009, "Experimentation with strategy and the evolution of dynamic capability in the Indian pharmaceutical sector," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, volume 18, issue 4, pages 729-759, August.
• J. Gregory Sidak, 2009, "Patent Holdup And Oligopsonistic Collusion In Standard-Setting Organizations," Journal of Competition Law and Economics, Oxford University Press, volume 5, issue 1, pages 123-188.
• Nicolas Melissas, 2009, "Corruption, Extortion, and the Boundaries of the Law," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, volume 25, issue 2, pages 442-471, October.
• Ricard Gil, 2009, "Revenue Sharing Distortions and Vertical Integration in the Movie Industry," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, volume 25, issue 2, pages 579-610, October.
• Hrabrin Bachev, 2009, "Understanding Efficiency of Agrarian Organisation," Annals of the University of Petrosani, Economics, University of Petrosani, Romania, volume 9, issue 1, pages 27-42.
• Bachev, Hrabrin, 2009, "Mechanisms of Governance of Sustainable Development," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 14947, Apr.
• Bachev, Hrabrin, 2009, "Governing of Agro-Ecosystem Services," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 15492, May.
• Zenger, Hans, 2009, "Successive Monopolies with Endogenous Quality," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 15659, May.
• Agboola, A. A. & Yinusa, D. Olalekan & Ologunde, A.O., 2009, "Impact of Digital Revolution on the Structure of Nigerian Banks," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 16705, Jul, revised 08 Aug 2009.
• Sloev, Igor, 2009, "Strategic Vertical Separation," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 16729, Aug.
• Tattara, Giuseppe & Constantin, Florentina & De Giusti, Giovanna, 2009, "Strategies of Italian firms in Romania. Evidence from selected case studies," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 17765, Sep.
• Lazarides, Themistokles & Drmmpetas, Evaggelos, 2009, "Fallacies, Collapses, Crises. Now What?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 17921, Oct.
• Yi, Lu & Zhigang, Tao, 2009, "Contract Enforcement and Family Control of Business: Evidence from China," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 18209, Jun.
• Ciliberto, Federico, 2009, "Were British Cotton Entrepreneurs Technologically Backward? Firm-Level Evidence on the Adoption of Ring-Spinning," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 18533, Nov.
• Ciliberto, Federico & Panzar, John, 2009, "Outsourcing and Vertical Integration in a Competitive Industry," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 18534, Oct.
• Sidorchuk, Roman, 2009, "Предпринимательство И Маркетинг
  [Entrepreneurship and marketing]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 19115, May.
• Bachev, Hrabrin, 2009, "Framework for Analisis and Improvement of Agrarian Dynamics," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 19349, Nov.
• Bachev, Hrabrin, 2009, "Understanding efficiency of agrarian organisation," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 19477, Dec.
• Zimmerman, Paul R., 2009, "The competitive impact of hypermarket retailers on gasoline prices," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 20248, Jun.
• Tekin-Koru, Ayca, 2009, "Asymmetric effects of trade costs on entry modes: Firm level evidence," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 21483, Nov.
• Bouguezzi, Fehmi & EL ELJ, Moez, 2009, "Vertical Integration and Patent Licensing in Upstream and Downstream Markets," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 22212, Jun.
• Andrea, Canidio, 2009, "The production of science," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 25218, Jul.
• Birolo, Adriano, 2009, "Dalla crisi allo sviluppo: quali strategie per le PMI?
  [From the crisis to the growth. Policies to sustain the SM firms]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 31082, Dec.
• Pepe, Cosetta & Musso, Fabio & Risso, Mario, 2009, "Retailers and SME suppliers social responsibility in international supply chains," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 31112.
• Clifton, Judith & Díaz-Fuentes, Daniel & Revuelta, Julio, 2009, "Explaining Telecoms and Electricity Internationalization in the European Union: A Political Economy Perspective," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 33037.
• Zheng, Jianghuai & Gao, Yanyan, 2009, "The nature of economic development zones in China:an empirical study based on data from the Yangtze River Delta," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 33141, Feb.
• Schilirò, Daniele, 2009, "Italian industrial districts: a model of success or a weak productive system?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 40070, Dec.
• Cebula, Richard, 2009, "Teaching How Private Enterprise Works Using Professional Sports: A Brief Note on the Case of Individual NHL Players' Salaries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50978, Jan.
• Kam Ki Tang & Leopoldo Yanes, 2009, "The hierarchical structure of the firm: a geometric perspective," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, volume 2009, issue 2, pages 156-175, DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.347.
• Vincent Réquillart & Philippe Bontems & Fabian Bergès-Sennou, 2009, "L’impact économique du développement des marques de distributeurs," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, volume 189, issue 3, pages 41-56, DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2009.7923.
• Sabine Montagne, 2009, "Le court-termisme institutionnalisé : les effets de la gestion de portefeuille déléguée," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, volume 9, issue 1, pages 417-432, DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.2009.5448.
• Sabine Montagne, 2009, "Short-Termism as a Rule : the Effects of Portfolio Management Delegation," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, volume 9, issue 1, pages 381-395, DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.2009.5522.
• Reinhard Biedermann, 2009, "Private Governance in der Spielzeugindustrie – Voraussetzungen und Strategien zur Durchsetzung einer Branchenvereinbarung (Private Governance and Social Standards in the Toy Industries)," Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik - Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 10, issue 1, pages 18-36.
• Klaus Mueller, 2009, "Vertrauen zwischen Fremden – Zum Aufbau einer Joint-Venture-Culture in interkulturellen Verhandlungen (Trust Between Foreign Partners – How to Construct a Joint-Venture-Culture in Intercultural Negotiations)," Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik - Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics, Rainer Hampp Verlag, volume 10, issue 1, pages 66-85.
• Amadeus Petzke, 2009, "Naehe zum Kerngeschaeft als Kriterium fuer Portfolioentscheidungen," Books, Rainer Hampp Verlag, number 9783866183155, edition 1.
• Attilio Pasetto, 2009, "Structural Changes in Italian Firms and Reactions to the Present Crisis," QA - Rivista dell'Associazione Rossi-Doria, Associazione Rossi Doria, issue 3, August.
• Francesco Decarolis, 2009, "When the Highest Bidder Loses the Auction: Theory and Evidence from Public Procurement," 2009 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 130.
• Deschryvere, Matthias, 2009, "Mobility of Corporate Headquarter Functions: A Literature Review," Discussion Papers, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy, number 1203.
• Abdelillah HAMDOUCH & Marc-Hubert DEPRET, 2009, "Les clusters et les reseaux comme fondements de la dynamique d'innovation dans l'industrie biopharmaceutique (Clusters and networks as the foundations of innovation dynamics in the biopharmaceutical industry)," Working Papers, Réseau de Recherche sur l’Innovation. / Research Network on Innovation, number 8.
• Hea-Jung Hyun & Jung Hur, 2009, "Trade Openness and Vertical Integration: Evidence from Korean Firm-Level Data," Working Papers, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, number 09-8, Dec.
• Marius Daniel Mares & Valerica Mares & Tatlidil Fusun & Mihai Gabriel, 2009, "The Binomial Information And Communications Technology– The Lifelong Education," Papers, Osterreichish-Rumanischer Akademischer Verein, number 2009/86, Oct.
• Ovidiu NICOLESCU, 2009, "Main Features of SMEs Organisation System," REVISTA DE MANAGEMENT COMPARAT INTERNATIONAL/REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, volume 10, issue 3, pages 405-413, July.
• Fariza ACHCAOUCAOU & Merce BERNARDO & Jose M. CASTAN, 2009, "Determinants of Organisational Structures: An Empirical Study," REVISTA DE MANAGEMENT COMPARAT INTERNATIONAL/REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, volume 10, issue 3, pages 566-577, July.
• Andreas Wald, 2009, "A Micro-Level Approach to Organizational Information Processing," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, volume 61, issue 3, pages 270-289, July.
• Marc Levy, 2009, "Did the « Pax Electrica » agreements reduce the Suez’ power relationship on Elia, the Belgian electricity grid manager ?," Working Papers CEB, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, number 09-035.RS.
• Enno Masurel & Peter Nijkamp, 2009, "The Low Participation of Urban Migrant Entrepreneurs: Reasons and Perceptions of Weak Institutional Embeddedness," Advances in Spatial Science, Springer, chapter 0, in: Charlie Karlsson & Ake E. Andersson & Paul C. Cheshire & Roger R. Stough, "New Directions in Regional Economic Development", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-01017-0_14.
• Guangqian Ren & Yuliang Zhao, 2009, "Split share structure reform effect model and empirical analysis," Frontiers of Economics in China, Springer;Higher Education Press, volume 4, issue 3, pages 461-477, September, DOI: 10.1007/s11459-009-0025-0.
• Leonard Wang & Ya-Chin Wang & Lihong Zhao, 2009, "Managerial delegation and partial privatization in general equilibrium with sector-specific unemployment," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), volume 56, issue 4, pages 393-399, December, DOI: 10.1007/s12232-009-0066-9.
• Helmut Bester, 2009, "Externalities, communication and the allocation of decision rights," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), volume 41, issue 2, pages 269-296, November, DOI: 10.1007/s00199-008-0395-z.
• Hans Lööf, 2009, "Multinational enterprises and innovation: firm level evidence on spillover via R&D collaboration," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, volume 19, issue 1, pages 41-71, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00191-008-0103-y.
• Jeffrey Funk, 2009, "The co-evolution of technology and methods of standard setting: the case of the mobile phone industry," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, volume 19, issue 1, pages 73-93, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00191-008-0108-6.
• Hans-Martin Zademach & Manuel Rimkus, 2009, "Herausforderung Wissenstransfer in Clustern - Neues Wissen vom Biotechnologiestandort Martinsried," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, volume 61, issue 4, pages 416-438, June, DOI: 10.1007/BF03373660.
• Gunnar Eliasson, 2009, "Policies for a new entrepreneurial economy," Springer Books, Springer, in: Uwe Cantner & Jean-Luc Gaffard & Lionel Nesta, "Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation, Competition and Growth", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-93777-7_19.
• Tommaso Ciarli & Marco Valente & Riccardo Leoncini & Sandro Montresor, 2009, "Technological change and the vertical organization of industries," Springer Books, Springer, in: Uwe Cantner & Jean-Luc Gaffard & Lionel Nesta, "Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation, Competition and Growth", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-93777-7_8.
• Marco Henseler, 2009, "Wettbewerb elektronischer Business-to-Business Marktplätze - Entwicklungen und dominante Strukturen," Schriftenreihe volkswirtschaftliche Forschungsergebnisse, Verlag Dr. Kovač, number 2009_147, ISBN: ARRAY(0x8ca91cf0).
• Sasan Bakhtiari, 2009, "Quantifying Non-monotonicity in Productivity-Input Relations," Discussion Papers, School of Economics, The University of New South Wales, number 2009-11, Nov.
• Giulio Cainelli & Donato Iacobucci, 2009, "Do Agglomeration and Technology Affect Vertical Integration? Evidence from Italian Business Groups," International Journal of the Economics of Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 16, issue 3, pages 305-322, DOI: 10.1080/13571510903227049.
• Ulrike Muehlberger & Silvia Pasqua, 2009, "Workers on the Border between Employment and Self-employment," Review of Social Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 67, issue 2, pages 201-228, DOI: 10.1080/00346760701875215.
• Nick Vikander, 2009, "The Breakdown of Morale," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers, Tinbergen Institute, number 09-027/1, Mar.
• Te Bao & Yongqin Wang, 2009, "Incomplete Contract and Divisional Structures," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers, Tinbergen Institute, number 09-075/1, Aug.
• Prüfer, J. & Walz, U., 2009, "How Does the Governance of Academic Faculties Affect Competition Among Them?," Discussion Paper, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research, number 2009-49.
• Sara Poggesi, 2009, "Public-Private Partnership for Urban Regeneration: The Case of the Urban Transformation Companies," DSI Essays Series, DSI - Dipartimento di Studi sull'Impresa, volume 2.
• Gianpaolo Abatecola & Roberto Cafferata & Sara Poggesi, 2009, "Strategy, Structure and Market Liberalization: Evidence from ENI (2000-06)," DSI Essays Series, DSI - Dipartimento di Studi sull'Impresa, volume 7.
• Christian Growitsch & Heike Wetzel, 2009, "Testing for Economies of Scope in European Railways: An Efficiency Analysis," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, volume 43, issue 1, pages 1-24, January.
• Brooks, Richard & Stremitzer, Alexander, 2009, "On and Off Contract Remedies," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich, number 290, Dec.
• Sloev, Igor, 2009, "Strategic Vertical Separation," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich, number 296, Sep.
• Sandro Montresor & Davide Antonioli & Massimiliano Mazzanti & Paolo Pini, 2009, "Outsourcing and firm productivity: evidence for an Italian local production system," Openloc Working Papers, Public policies and local development, number 0907.
• Dessi, Roberta, 2009, "Contractual Execution, Strategic Incompleteness and Venture Capital," TSE Working Papers, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), number 09-075, Aug.
• Federico Boffa & Viswanath Pingali & Davide Vannoni, 2009, "Increasing Market Interconnection: An analysis of the Italian Electricity Spot Market," Working papers, Former Department of Economics and Public Finance "G. Prato", University of Torino, number 04, May.
• Cavaleri, Pietro & Keren, Michael & Ramello, Giovanni B. & Valli, Vittorio, 2009, "Publishing an E-journal on a shoe string: Is it a sustainaible project?," POLIS Working Papers, Institute of Public Policy and Public Choice - POLIS, number 118, Feb.
• Doyoung Kim & Jacques Lawarree, 2009, "On the Information Gathering Role of Firm-Sponsored Training for New Hires," Working Papers, University of Washington, Department of Economics, number UWEC-2008-24-P, Jun.
• Marc Levy, 2009, "Control in pyramidal structures," ULB Institutional Repository, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, number 2013/14291.
• Bouhsina, Z. & Codron, J.M. & Cordier, E. & Soubeyran, R. & Brajeul, E. (collab.) & Glemot, C. (collab.) & Letard, M. (collab.) & Navez, B. (collab.), 2009, "Les stratégies de contrôle de la qualité sanitaire dans les Organisations de Producteurs de tomates," Research serial MoISA, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France, number 200906, January-j.
• Cheriet, F., 2009, "Les déterminants "réseau" de l'instabilité des alliances stratégiques asymétriques : quelques développements théoriques," Working Papers MoISA, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France, number 200907.
• Narula, Rajneesh & Michel, Julie, 2009, "Reverse knowledge transfer and its implications for European policy," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2009-035.
• Amsden, Alice, 2009, "Firm Ownership, FOEs, and POEs," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2009-048.
• Theilen, Bernd, 2009, "Market Competition and Lower Tier Incentives," Working Papers, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics, number 2072/15843.
• Theilen, Bernd, 2009, "Decentralization and the Gains from Monitoring," Working Papers, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics, number 2072/42863.
• J.W.B. Bos & I. Chan & J. Kolari & J. Yuan, 2009, "A Fallacy of Division: The Failure of Market Concentration as a Measure of Competition in U.S. Banking," Working Papers, Utrecht School of Economics, number 09-33.
• Giuseppe Tattara & Paolo Crestanello, 2009, "A Global Network and its Local Ties. Restructuring of the Benetton Group," Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", number 2009_11.
• Masurel, E. & Nijkamp, P., 2009, "The low participation of urban migrant entrepreneurs: reasons and perceptions of weak institutional embeddedness," Serie Research Memoranda, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics, number 0040.
• Iacovone, Leonardo, 2009, "The better you are the stronger it makes you : evidence on the asymmetric impact of liberalization," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 4930, May.
• Benito Arruñada & Luis Vázquez & Giorgio Zanarone, 2009, "Institutional constraints on organizations: the case of Spanish car dealerships," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., volume 30, issue 1, pages 15-26, DOI: 10.1002/mde.1429.
• Tomislav Hernaus, 2009, "Temelji organizacijskog dizajna," EFZG Working Papers Series, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, number 0908, Oct.
• Herbst, Patrick & Walz, Uwe, 2009, "The design of vertical R&D collaborations," CFS Working Paper Series, Center for Financial Studies (CFS), number 2009/06.
• Held, Bärbel & Herzner, Alexander & Riedl, Matthias, 2009, "Controlling in virtuellen Unternehmen -eine Studie- Teil 1: State of the art," Weidener Diskussionspapiere, University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden (OTH), number 15.
• Held, Bärbel & Herzner, Alexander & Riedl, Matthias, 2009, "Controlling in virtuellen Unternehmen -eine Studie- Teil 2: Auswertung," Weidener Diskussionspapiere, University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden (OTH), number 18.
• Christ, Julian P. & Slowak, André P., 2009, "Standard-setting and knowledge dynamics in innovation clusters," Violette Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Promotionsschwerpunkts "Globalisierung und Beschäftigung", University of Hohenheim, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Evangelisches Studienwerk, number 27/2009, Jan.
• Ringle, Günther, 2009, "Vertrauen der Mitglieder in ihre Genossenschaft: Das Beispiel der Wohnungsgenossenschaften," Wismar Discussion Papers, Hochschule Wismar, Wismar Business School, number 01/2009.
• Wandel, Jürgen, 2009, "Agroholdings and clusters in Kazakhstan's agro-food sector
  [Agroholdings und Clusters in Kasachstan’s Agrar- und Ernährungssektor]," IAMO Discussion Papers, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), number 126.
• Krüger, Jens, 2009, "How do firms organize trade?: Evidence from Ghana," Kiel Advanced Studies Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 449.
• Bartels, Bernhard, 2009, "The monetary transmission mechanism in the euro area: A VAR-analysis for Austria and Germany," Kiel Advanced Studies Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 452.
• Barrios Cobos, Salvador & Görg, Holger & Strobl, Eric, 2009, "Spillovers through backward linkages from multinationals: measurement matters!," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1560.
• Kudic, Muhamed & Banaszak, Marc, 2009, "The Economic Optimality of Sanction Mechanisms in Interorganizational Ego Networks – A Game Theoretical Analysis –," IWH Discussion Papers, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), number 15/2009.
• Klotz, Michael, 2009, "Datenschutz in KMU: Lehren für die IT-Compliance," SIMAT Arbeitspapiere, Hochschule Stralsund, Stralsund Information Management Team (SIMAT), number 01-09-001.
• Schmiele, Anja, 2009, "Drivers for international innovation activities in developed and emerging countries," ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, number 09-064.
• Jean Tirole, 2009, "Cognition and Incomplete Contracts," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 99, issue 1, pages 265-294, March.
• Silke Januszewski Forbes & Mara Lederman, 2009, "Adaptation and Vertical Integration in the Airline Industry," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 99, issue 5, pages 1831-1849, December, DOI: 10.1257/aer.99.5.1831.
• Laura Alfaro & Andrew Charlton, 2009, "Intra-industry Foreign Direct Investment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 99, issue 5, pages 2096-2119, December, DOI: 10.1257/aer.99.5.2096.