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The impact of EU's energy labeling policy: An econometric analysis of increased transparency in the market for cold appliances in Denmark

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  • Bjerregaard, Casper
  • Møller, Niels Framroze

Abstract

In 2010 the EU decided to change the energy efficiency label for electrical appliances, so that the most effective appliances became more visible to consumers. We apply a Cointegrated Vector-Auto-Regressive (CVAR) model to assess the quantitative impact of this change on monthly sales (2005–2017) in the Danish markets for cold appliances of high and low efficiencies. The data support large effects with the expected signs. In particular, we find that the change increased sales of high-efficiency appliances by 55%, at the announcement, and by a further 42% when implemented. Sales of low-efficiency appliances were not affected by the announcement, but decreased, as a result of the implementation for online sales by 45%. These conclusions derive from the analysis of a well-specified VAR within which we take into account sample dependence, outliers and exogenous level shifts.

Suggested Citation

  • Bjerregaard, Casper & Møller, Niels Framroze, 2019. "The impact of EU's energy labeling policy: An econometric analysis of increased transparency in the market for cold appliances in Denmark," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 891-899.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:128:y:2019:i:c:p:891-899
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.01.057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Møller, Niels Framroze, 2008. "Bridging Economic Theory Models and the Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Model," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 2, pages 1-29.
    2. Richard G. Newell & Juha Siikamäki, 2014. "Nudging Energy Efficiency Behavior: The Role of Information Labels," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 1(4), pages 555-598.
    3. Søren Johansen & Rocco Mosconi & Bent Nielsen, 2000. "Cointegration analysis in the presence of structural breaks in the deterministic trend," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 3(2), pages 216-249.
    4. Wiel, Stephen & McMahon, James E., 2003. "Governments should implement energy-efficiency standards and labels--cautiously," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(13), pages 1403-1415, October.
    5. Mills, Bradford & Schleich, Joachim, 2010. "What's driving energy efficient appliance label awareness and purchase propensity?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 814-825, February.
    6. Cohen, François & Glachant, Matthieu & Söderberg, Magnus, 2017. "Consumer myopia, imperfect competition and the energy efficiency gap: Evidence from the UK refrigerator market," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 1-23.
    7. Banerjee, Abhijit & Solomon, Barry D., 2003. "Eco-labeling for energy efficiency and sustainability: a meta-evaluation of US programs," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 109-123, January.
    8. Søren Johansen & Rocco Mosconi & Bent Nielsen, 2000. "Cointegration analysis in the presence of structural breaks in the deterministic trend," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 3(2), pages 216-249.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mieko Fujisawa & Kazuhisa Takemura & Yukihiko Funaki & Nobuyuki Uto & Ryo Takahashi, 2020. "An Experimental Study of the Effect of Energy Label Design on the Correct Evaluation of Buildings' Energy Performance and Promotion of Energy Saving," International Real Estate Review, Asian Real Estate Society, vol. 23(1), pages 733-762.
    2. Faure, Corinne & Guetlein, Marie-Charlotte & Schleich, Joachim, 2021. "Effects of rescaling the EU energy label on household preferences for top-rated appliances," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    3. Bertoldi, Paolo & Mosconi, Rocco, 2020. "Do energy efficiency policies save energy? A new approach based on energy policy indicators (in the EU Member States)," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    4. Schleich, Joachim & Durand, Antoine & Brugger, Heike, 2021. "How effective are EU minimum energy performance standards and energy labels for cold appliances?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    EU environmental policy; Energy efficiency labels; Vector Auto-Regressive model; Cointegration; Cointegrated VAR;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy

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