Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes
Top JEL
/ I: Health, Education, and Welfare
/ / I3: Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
/ / / I32: Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
2017
- Akhsyim Afandi & Dwi Wahyuni & Jaka Sriyana, 2017, "Policies to Eliminate Poverty Rate in Indonesia," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 1, pages 435-441.
- Lestari Agusalim, 2017, "The Dynamic Impact of Trade Openness on Poverty: An Empirical Study of Indonesia's Economy," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 1, pages 566-574.
- Ernan Rustiadi & Ahmadriswan Nasution, 2017, "Can Social Capital Investment Reduce Poverty in Rural Indonesia?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 2, pages 109-117.
- Rizwan Akhtar & Hongman Liu & Amjad Ali, 2017, "Influencing Factors of Poverty in Pakistan: Time Series Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 2, pages 215-222.
- Volkan Altintas & Demet Tuzunkan, 2017, "Poverty as an Obstacle for Travel: Domestic Tourism Activities in Spain," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 2, pages 448-452.
- Richardson Kojo Edeme & Evelyn Osaretin Ogbeide & A. Ifelunini Innocent & Sam Ugwu, 2017, "Exam nat on of the Dynam c Relationship Between Poverty and Inequal ty: Ev dence from N ger a M cro Data," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 2, pages 518-523.
- Songul Cinaroglu, 2017, "A Fresh Look at Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures after More than a Decade Health Reform Experience in Turkey: A Data Mining Application," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 5, pages 33-40.
- Nela Vlahinic Lenz & Ivana Grgurev, 2017, "Assessment of Energy Poverty in New European Union Member States: The Case of Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 2, pages 1-8.
- Oladele I. Osanyinlusi & Bola A. Awotide & Taiwo T. Awoyemi & Adebayo I. Ogunniyi & Adeyemi A. Ogundipe, 2017, "An Evaluation of Rural Electrification and Households Poverty in Ikole Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria: An Foster, Greer and Thorbecke Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 3, pages 24-30.
- Galym B. Teleuyev & Oksana V. Akulich & Marsel A. Kadyrov & Andrey A. Ponomarev & Elnur L. Hasanov, 2017, "Problems of Legal Regulation for Use and Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Republic of Kazakhstan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 7, issue 5, pages 296-301.
- Espinoza-Delgado, José & López-Laborda, Julio, 2017, "Nicaragua: evolución de la pobreza multidimensional, 2001-2009," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
- Espinoza-Delgado, José & López-Laborda, Julio, 2017, "Nicaragua: trend of multidimensional poverty, 2001-2009," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
- Zhang, Huafeng, 2017, "Opportunity or new poverty trap: Rural-urban education disparity and internal migration in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 44, issue C, pages 112-124, DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2017.03.011.
- Liu, Xiaoying & Hannum, Emily, 2017, "Early poverty exposure predicts young adult educational outcomes in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 44, issue C, pages 79-97, DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2017.03.006.
- Mahadevan, Renuka & Nugroho, Anda & Amir, Hidayat, 2017, "Do inward looking trade policies affect poverty and income inequality? Evidence from Indonesia's recent wave of rising protectionism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 62, issue C, pages 23-34, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2016.12.031.
- Ntuli, Herbert & Muchapondwa, Edwin, 2017, "Effects of wildlife resources on community welfare in Southern Africa," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, volume 131, issue C, pages 572-583, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.09.004.
- Zheng, Buhong, 2017, "A class of generalized Sen poverty indices," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 159, issue C, pages 100-103, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2017.07.024.
- Ravallion, Martin, 2017, "A concave log-like transformation allowing non-positive values," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 161, issue C, pages 130-132, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2017.09.019.
- Hache, Emmanuel & Leboullenger, Déborah & Mignon, Valérie, 2017, "Beyond average energy consumption in the French residential housing market: A household classification approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, volume 107, issue C, pages 82-95, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.04.038.
- Minkler, Lanse & Prakash, Nishith, 2017, "The role of constitutions on poverty: A cross-national investigation," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, volume 45, issue 3, pages 563-581, DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2017.03.002.
- Gang, Ira N. & Schmillen, Achim, 2017, "Sometimes, winners lose: Economic disparity and indigenization in Kazakhstan," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, volume 45, issue 3, pages 605-621, DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2016.11.002.
- Simons, Andrew M. & Beltramo, Theresa & Blalock, Garrick & Levine, David I., 2017, "Using unobtrusive sensors to measure and minimize Hawthorne effects: Evidence from cookstoves," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, volume 86, issue C, pages 68-80, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2017.05.007.
- Verkaart, Simone & Munyua, Bernard G. & Mausch, Kai & Michler, Jeffrey D., 2017, "Welfare impacts of improved chickpea adoption: A pathway for rural development in Ethiopia?," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 66, issue C, pages 50-61, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.11.007.
- Cazzuffi, Chiara & Pereira-López, Mariana & Soloaga, Isidro, 2017, "Local poverty reduction in Chile and Mexico: The role of food manufacturing growth," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 68, issue C, pages 160-185, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.02.003.
- Zezza, Alberto & Carletto, Calogero & Fiedler, John L. & Gennari, Pietro & Jolliffe, Dean, 2017, "Food counts. Measuring food consumption and expenditures in household consumption and expenditure surveys (HCES). Introduction to the special issue," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 72, issue C, pages 1-6, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.08.007.
- Farfán, Gabriela & Genoni, María Eugenia & Vakis, Renos, 2017, "You are what (and where) you eat: Capturing food away from home in welfare measures," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 72, issue C, pages 146-156, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.08.020.
- Jayasinghe, Maneka & Chai, Andreas & Ratnasiri, Shyama & Smith, Christine, 2017, "The power of the vegetable patch: How home-grown food helps large rural households achieve economies of scale & escape poverty," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 73, issue C, pages 62-74, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.09.005.
- Corinth, Kevin, 2017, "The impact of permanent supportive housing on homeless populations," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, volume 35, issue C, pages 69-84, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2017.01.006.
- Herault, Nicolas & Ribar, David C., 2017, "Food insecurity and homelessness in the Journeys Home survey," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, volume 37, issue C, pages 52-66, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2017.05.001.
- Aguila, Emma & Kapteyn, Arie & Tassot, Caroline, 2017, "Designing cash transfer programs for an older population: The Mexican case," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 9, issue C, pages 111-121, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2016.09.001.
- Ayllón, Sara & Fusco, Alessio, 2017, "Are income poverty and perceptions of financial difficulties dynamically interrelated?," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, volume 61, issue C, pages 103-114, DOI: 10.1016/j.joep.2017.03.008.
- Asongu, Simplice A. & Nwachukwu, Jacinta C., 2017, "Quality of Growth Empirics: Comparative gaps, benchmarking and policy syndromes," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, volume 39, issue 5, pages 861-882, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.08.005.
- Kiendrebeogo, Youssouf & Assimaidou, Kossi & Tall, Abdoulaye, 2017, "Social protection for poverty reduction in times of crisis," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, volume 39, issue 6, pages 1163-1183, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.09.003.
- Alkire, Sabina & Apablaza, Mauricio & Chakravarty, Satya & Yalonetzky, Gaston, 2017, "Measuring chronic multidimensional poverty," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, volume 39, issue 6, pages 983-1006, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.05.020.
- Fleurbaey, Marc & Maniquet, François, 2017, "Fairness and well-being measurement," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, volume 90, issue C, pages 119-126, DOI: 10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2016.11.003.
- Decerf, Benoit, 2017, "Why not consider that being absolutely poor is worse than being only relatively poor?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, volume 152, issue C, pages 79-92, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.06.003.
- Fosu, Augustin Kwasi, 2017, "Growth, inequality, and poverty reduction in developing countries: Recent global evidence," Research in Economics, Elsevier, volume 71, issue 2, pages 306-336, DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2016.05.005.
- Asongu, Simplice A. & Le Roux, Sara, 2017, "Enhancing ICT for inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, volume 118, issue C, pages 44-54, DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.01.026.
- Fujii, Tomoki, 2017, "Dynamic Poverty Decomposition Analysis: An Application to the Philippines," World Development, Elsevier, volume 100, issue C, pages 69-84, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.07.031.
- Chantarat, Sommarat & Mude, Andrew G. & Barrett, Christopher B. & Turvey, Calum G., 2017, "Welfare Impacts of Index Insurance in the Presence of a Poverty Trap," World Development, Elsevier, volume 94, issue C, pages 119-138, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.12.044.
- Pavel Ciaian & d'Artis Kancs, 2017, "Social Mobility Barriers for Roma: Discrimination and Informal Institutions," EERI Research Paper Series, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels, number EERI RP 2017/15, Dec.
- Pavel Ciaian & d'Artis Kancs, 2017, "Marginalisation of Roma: Root Causes and Possible Policy Actions," EERI Research Paper Series, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels, number EERI RP 2017/16, Dec.
- Syed Abul Hasan, 2017, "Price hike of staple food, nutritional impact and consumption adjustment: Evidence from the 2005-2010 rice price increase in rural Bangladesh," Crawford School Research Papers, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 1702, Feb.
- Yang, Lin, 2017, "The relationship between poverty and inequality: concepts and measurement," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 103491, Nov.
- Cooper, Kerris & Stewart, Kitty, 2017, "Does Money Affect Children’s Outcomes? An update," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 103494, Jul.
- Yang, Lin & Vizard, Polly, 2017, "Multidimensional poverty and income inequality in the EU," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 103496, Nov.
- Burchardt, Tania & Hick, Rod, 2017, "Inequality and the capability approach," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 103504, Jan.
- Karagiannaki, Eleni, 2017, "The empirical relationship between income poverty and income inequality in rich and middle income countries," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 86917, Nov.
- Lungile Ntsalaze & Sylvanus Ikhide, 2017, "The threshold effects of household indebtedness on multidimensional poverty," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 44, issue 11, pages 1471-1488, November, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-03-2016-0086.
- Varun Chotia & N.V.M. Rao, 2017, "An empirical investigation of the link between infrastructure development and poverty reduction," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 44, issue 12, pages 1906-1918, December, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-06-2016-0154.
- Guido Bonatti & Enrico Ivaldi & Riccardo Soliani, 2017, "Quality of life in Italian cities: a temporal comparison between before the crisis and after," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 44, issue 4, pages 560-574, April, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-10-2014-0214.
- Nasreddine Kaidi & Sami Mensi, 2017, "Re-examining the financial development and poverty nexus: some international evidence," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 44, issue 12, pages 2409-2427, December, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-10-2016-0269.
- Abdul Rashid & Maurizio Intartaglia, 2017, "Financial development – does it lessen poverty?," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 44, issue 1, pages 69-86, January, DOI: 10.1108/JES-06-2015-0111.
- Natalie Naïri Quinn, 2017, "Chronic Poverty and Poverty Dynamics: Resolving a Paradox in the Normative Basis for Intertemporal Poverty Measures," Research on Economic Inequality, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research on Economic Inequality", DOI: 10.1108/S1049-258520170000025004.
- Suman Seth & Sabina Alkire, 2017, "Did Poverty Reduction Reach the Poorest of the Poor? Complementary Measures of Poverty and Inequality in the Counting Approach," Research on Economic Inequality, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research on Economic Inequality", DOI: 10.1108/S1049-258520170000025005.
- Sabina Alkire & Yangyang Shen, 2017, "Exploring Multidimensional Poverty in China: 2010 to 2014," Research on Economic Inequality, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research on Economic Inequality", DOI: 10.1108/S1049-258520170000025006.
- Francisco H. G. Ferreira & Deon Filmer & Norbert Schady, 2017, "Own and Sibling Effects of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: Theory and Evidence from Cambodia1," Research on Economic Inequality, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research on Economic Inequality", DOI: 10.1108/S1049-258520170000025008.
- Joseph Deutsch & Jacques Silber & Guanghua Wan, 2017, "Curbing One’s Consumption and the Impoverishment Process: The Case of Western Asia," Research on Economic Inequality, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "Research on Economic Inequality", DOI: 10.1108/S1049-258520170000025010.
- Varun Chotia & N.V.M. Rao, 2017, "Investigating the interlinkages between infrastructure development, poverty and rural–urban income inequality," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 34, issue 4, pages 466-484, October, DOI: 10.1108/SEF-07-2016-0159.
- Maira Colacce & Victoria Tenenbaum, 2017, "Un análisis de la evolución de la pobreza multidimensional en la infancia y adolescencia en Uruguay entre 2006 y 2014," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, volume 32, issue 2, pages 171-212.
- Collado, Diego & Goedemé, Tim & Vandelannoote, Dieter & Cantillon, Bea & Van den Bosch, Karel, 2017, "The end of cheap talk about poverty reduction: the cost of closing the poverty gap while maintaining work incentives," EUROMOD Working Papers, EUROMOD at the Institute for Social and Economic Research, number EM5/17, Mar.
- Óscar Peláez Herreros., 2017, "La marginación a lo largo del tiempo: cálculo del Índice de Marginación Absoluta (IMA) para las entidades federativas de México, 1970-2010," Economía: teoría y práctica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México, volume 46, issue 1, pages 115-137, Enero-Jun, DOI: 10.24275/ETYPUAM/NE/462017/Pelaez.
- Davide Azzolini & Martina Bazzoli & Silvia De Poli & Carlo Fiorio & Samuele Poy, 2017, "Developing and Validating Regional Microsimulation Models. TREMOD: The Tax-Benefit Model of the Italian Province of Trento," ECONOMIA PUBBLICA, FrancoAngeli Editore, volume 2017, issue 1, pages 5-33.
- Jean-Claude BERTHELEMY, 2017, "Dualism, Poverty Exits and Growth Accelerations," Working Papers, FERDI, number 4300, Jul.
- Jean-Claude BERTHELEMY, 2017, "Dualism, Poverty Exits and Growth Accelerations," Working Papers, FERDI, number 4301, Jul.
- Sarena Goodman & Alice Henriques Volz & Alvaro Mezza, 2017, "On Intergenerational Immobility : Evidence that Adult Credit Health Reflects the Childhood Environment," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), number 2017-032, Mar, DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2017.032r1.
- Elena E. Grishina, 2017, "The Material Deprivation Rate for Households with Children in Russia and European Countries," Finansovyj žhurnal — Financial Journal, Financial Research Institute, Moscow 125375, Russia, issue 4, pages 47-55, August.
- Donato Romano & Gianluca Stefani & Benedetto Rocchi & Ciro Fiorillo, 2017, "The impact of assistance on poverty and food security in a protracted conflict context: the case of West Bank and Gaza Strip," Working Papers - Economics, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa, number wp2017_13.rdf.
- Drobyshevsky Sergey & Turuntseva Marina & Bozhechkova Alexandra & Trunin Pavel & Grishina Elena & Knobel Alexander & Khromov Mikhail & Tsukhlo Sergey & Gorshkova Taisiya, 2017, "Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook," Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook. Trends and Challenges of Socio-Economic Development (In Russian), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, issue 14, pages 1-24, July.
- Drobyshevsky Sergey & Turuntseva Marina & Grishina Elena & Knobel Alexander & Firanchuk Alexander & Khromov Mikhail & Averkiev Vladimir & Shagaida Natalia & Gurevich Vladimir, 2017, "Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook," Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook. Trends and Challenges of Socio-Economic Development (In Russian), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, issue 7, pages 1-26, April.
- Drobyshevsky Sergey & Turuntseva Marina & Bozhechkova Alexandra & Trunin Pavel & Grishina Elena & Knobel Alexander & Khromov Mikhail & Tsukhlo Sergey & Gorshkova Taisiya, 2017, "Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook," Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook. Trends and Challenges of Socio-Economic Development, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, issue 14, pages 1-24, July.
- Drobyshevsky Sergey & Turuntseva Marina & Grishina Elena & Knobel Alexander & Firanchuk Alexander & Khromov Mikhail & Averkiev Vladimir & Shagaida Natalia & Gurevich Vladimir, 2017, "Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook," Monitoring of Russia's Economic Outlook. Trends and Challenges of Socio-Economic Development, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, issue 7, pages 1-26, April.
- Jesús Crespo Cuaresma & Stephan Klasen & Konstantin M. Wacker, 2017, "Is there poverty convergence?," Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth - Discussion Papers, Courant Research Centre PEG, number 230, Jun.
- José Espinoza-Delgado & Stephan Klasen, 2017, "Gender and Multidimensional Poverty in Nicaragua, An Individual-based Approach," Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth - Discussion Papers, Courant Research Centre PEG, number 235, Aug.
- Maike Hohberg & Katja Landau & Thomas Kneib & Stephan Klasen & Walter Zucchini, 2017, "Vulnerability to poverty revisited: flexible modeling and better predictive performance," Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth - Discussion Papers, Courant Research Centre PEG, number 240, Nov.
- Elena Bárcena-Martín & Maite Blázquez & Ana I. Moro Egido, 2017, "Intra-household allocation of resources and decision-making. How important are in terms of individual well-being?," ThE Papers, Department of Economic Theory and Economic History of the University of Granada., number 17/03, Oct.
- Candra Fajri Ananda, 2017, "Does Government Quality Spending can reduce Poverty? A Case in East Java Province," GATR Journals, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise, number gjbssr458, Jan.
- Frans Bararuallo, 2017, "Influence Factors Determinants Absolute Poverty; Case Study in Indonesia," GATR Journals, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise, number gjbssr481, Jun.
- Emmanuel Hache & Déborah Leboullenger & Valérie Mignon, 2017, "Beyond average energy consumption in the French residential housing market: A household classification approach," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-01586597, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.04.038.
- Sandrine Michel & Holimalala Randriamanampisoa, 2017, "The capability approach as a framework for assessing the role of microcredit in resource conversion: the case of rural households in the Madagascar highlands," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-01681797, Aug, DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2017.1368471.
- Olivier Bargain & Tim Callan & Karina Doorley & Claire Keane, 2017, "Changes in Income Distributions and the Role of Tax-Benefit Policy During the Great Recession: An International Perspective," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-03590136, Dec, DOI: 10.1111/1475-5890.12113.
- Sarah N Flèche & Richard Layard, 2017, "Do More of Those in Misery Suffer from Poverty, Unemployment or Mental Illness?," Post-Print, HAL, number halshs-03189873, Feb, DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12129.
- François Libois & Vincent Somville, 2017, "Fertility, Household Size and Poverty in Nepal," PSE Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01662761, Dec.
- Mathieu Faure & Nicolas Gravel, 2017, "Equality among Unequals," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01430195, Jan.
- Nicolas Gravel & Brice Magdalou & Patrick Moyes, 2017, "Hammond’s Equity Principle and the Measurement of Ordinal Inequalities," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01430838, Jan.
- Edwin Fourrier-Nicolai & Michel Lubrano, 2017, "Bayesian Inference for TIP curves: An Application to Child Poverty in Germany," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01494354, Mar.
- Christophe Muller, 2017, "Ethnic Horizontal Inequity in Indonesia," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01508026, Mar.
- François Libois & Vincent Somville, 2017, "Fertility, Household Size and Poverty in Nepal," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01662761, Dec.
- Mathieu Lefebvre & Pierre Pestieau & Grégory Ponthière, 2017, "Missing Poor and Income Mobility," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01662808, Dec.
- Zsolt Darvas, 2017, "Why is it so hard to reach the EU’s ‘poverty’ target?," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, number 1714, Jun.
- Eric Gaisie, 2017, "Living standards in pre-independent Ghana: evidence from household budgets," HHB Working Papers Series, The Historical Household Budgets Project, number 7, Apr.
- Diego Collado & Bea Cantillon & Karel Van den Bosch & Tim Goedemé & Dieter Vandelannoote, 2017, "The End of Cheap Talk About Poverty Reduction: The Cost of Closing the Poverty Gap While Maintaining Work Incentives," Working Papers, Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp, number 1705, Apr.
- Zachary Parolin, 2017, "Applying Augmented Survey Data to Produce More Accurate, Precise, and Internationally Comparable Estimates of Poverty within the 50 United States," Working Papers, Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp, number 1709, May.
- Eirini Andriopoulou & Alexandros Karakitsios & Panos Tsakloglou, 2017, "Inequality and Poverty in Greece:Changes in Times of Crisis," GreeSE – Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe, Hellenic Observatory, LSE, number 116, Oct.
- Hussain, M. Azhar & Siersbæk, Nikolaj & Lars Peter, Østerdal, 2017, "Measuring Welfare Comparisons of EU Member States Before, During, and After the Financial Crisis: A Dominance Approach," Working Papers, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics, number 2-2018, Jul, revised 01 Jul 2018.
- Sakamoto, Norihito, 2017, "Characterizations of Social Choice Correspondences Based on Equality of Capabilities in a Pure Exchange Economy," RCNE Discussion Paper Series, Research Center for Normative Economics, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, number 4, Nov.
- Bruce Meyer & Nikolas Mittag, 2017, "Using Linked Survey and Administrative Data to Better Measure Income: Implications for Poverty, Program Effectiveness and Holes in the Safety Net," Working Papers, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group, number 2017-075, Oct.
- Titus Galama & Robson Morgan & Juan E. Saavedra, 2017, "Wealthier, Happier and More Self-Sufficient: When Anti-Poverty Programs Improve Economic and Subjective Wellbeing at a Reduced Cost to Taxpayers," Working Papers, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group, number 2017-090, Dec.
- Devanto SHASTA PRATOMO, 2017, "The Employability And Welfare Of Female Labor Migrants In Indonesian Cities," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, volume 0, issue 2, pages 109-117, December.
- Bambang Pramono & Syachman Perdymer & Handri Adiwilaga & Nurkholisoh Ibnu Aman & Rio Khasananda & Saraswati & Illinia A. Riyadi & Bintari Dewi Darmaputri, 2017, "Quarterly Outlook On Monetary, Banking, And Payment System In Indonesia: Quarter Ii, 2017," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, volume 20, issue 1, pages 1-28, July, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v20i1.
- Azwar Iskandar Umar, 2017, "Index Of Syariah Financial Inclusion In Indonesia," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, volume 20, issue 1, pages 99-126, July, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v20i1.
- Simplice A. Asongu & Jacinta C. Nwachukwu, 2017, "Not all that glitters is gold: ICT and inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa," International Journal of Happiness and Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, volume 3, issue 4, pages 303-322.
- Olivier Bargain & Tim Callan & Karina Doorley & Claire Keane, 2017, "Changes in Income Distributions and the Role of Tax‐Benefit Policy During the Great Recession: An International Perspective," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, volume 38, issue , pages 559-585, December.
- Rembert De Blander & Ingrid Schockaert & André Decoster & Patrick Deboosere, 2017, "Projected Population, Inequality and Social Expenditures: The Case of Flanders," International Journal of Microsimulation, International Microsimulation Association, volume 10, issue 3, pages 92-133.
- Ira N. Gang & Kseniia Gatskova & John Landon-Lane & Myeong-Su Yun, 2017, "Vulnerability to Poverty: Tajikistan during and after the Global Financial Crisis," Inha University IBER Working Paper Series, Inha University, Institute of Business and Economic Research, number 2017-2, Apr, revised Apr 2017.
- Kenneth Harttgen & Stefan Lang & Johannes Seiler, 2017, "Selective mortality and undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries," Working Papers, Faculty of Economics and Statistics, Universität Innsbruck, number 2017-27, Dec, revised Aug 2018.
- John A. Bishop & Jonathan Lee & Lester A. Zeager, 2017, "Improving the Supplemental Poverty Measure: Two proposals," Working Papers, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, number 429, Mar.
- John A. Bishop & Jonathan M. Lee & Lester A. Zeager, 2017, "Incorporating spatial price adjustments in U.S. public policy analysis," Working Papers, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, number 438, May.
- Michael Fuchs & Katarina Hollan & Katrin Gasior, 2017, "Simulation of an application of the Hartz-IV reform in Austria," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, volume 41, issue 4, pages 479-500, DOI: 10.3326/pse.41.4.4.
- Ferreira, Francisco H. G. & Firpo, Sergio & Galvao, Antonio F., 2017, "Estimation and Inference for Actual and Counterfactual Growth Incidence Curves," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10473, Jan.
- Christiaensen, Luc & Kanbur, Ravi, 2017, "Secondary Towns and Poverty Reduction: Refocusing the Urbanization Agenda," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10637, Mar.
- Fishman, Ram & Smith, Stephen C. & Bobic, Vida & Sulaiman, Munshi, 2017, "How Sustainable Are Benefits from Extension for Smallholder Farmers? Evidence from a Randomized Phase-Out of the BRAC Program in Uganda," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10641, Mar.
- Chen, Xi & Zhang, Xiaobo, 2017, "Costly Posturing: Ceremonies and Early Child Development in China," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10662, Mar.
- Bellani, Luna & Bia, Michela, 2017, "The Long-Run Impact of Childhood Poverty and the Mediating Role of Education," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10677, Mar.
- Meyer, Bruce D. & Mittag, Nikolas, 2017, "Using Linked Survey and Administrative Data to Better Measure Income: Implications for Poverty, Program Effectiveness and Holes in the Safety Net," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10943, Aug.
- Tohari, Achmad & Parsons, Christopher & Rammohan, Anu, 2017, "Targeting Poverty under Complementarities: Evidence from Indonesia's Unified Targeting System," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 10968, Aug.
- Corak, Miles, 2017, "'Inequality Is the Root of Social Evil,' or Maybe Not? Two Stories about Inequality and Public Policy," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11005, Sep.
- Andriopoulou, Eirini & Karakitsios, Alexandros & Tsakloglou, Panos, 2017, "Inequality and Poverty in Greece: Changes in Times of Crisis," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11006, Sep.
- Horemans, Jeroen & Marx, Ive, 2017, "Poverty and Material Deprivation among the Self-Employed in Europe: An Exploration of a Relatively Uncharted Landscape," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11007, Sep.
- Betti, Gianni & Mangiavacchi, Lucia & Piccoli, Luca, 2017, "Individual Poverty Measurement Using a Fuzzy Intrahousehold Approach," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11009, Sep.
- Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & Tammaru, Tiit & van Ham, Maarten & Hedman, Lina & Manley, David, 2017, "Does Segregation Reduce Socio-Spatial Mobility? Evidence from Four European Countries with Different Inequality and Segregation Contexts," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11123, Oct.
- Tohari, Achmad & Parsons, Christopher & Rammohan, Anu, 2017, "Does Information Empower the Poor? Evidence from Indonesia's Social Security Card," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11137, Nov.
- Gustafsson, Björn Anders & Mac Innes, Hanna & Österberg, Torun, 2017, "Older People in Sweden Without Means: On the Importance of Age at Immigration for Being 'Twice Poor'," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11144, Nov.
- Azam, Mehtabul, 2017, "Are Urban-Rural Welfare Differences Growing in India?," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11174, Nov.
- Breunig, Robert & Hasan, Syed & Hunter, Boyd, 2017, "Financial Stress and Indigenous Australians," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11221, Dec.
- Arpaia, Alfonso & Cardoso, Pedro & Kiss, Aron & Van Herck, Kristine & Vandeplas, Anneleen, 2017, "Statutory Minimum Wages in the EU: Institutional Settings and Macroeconomic Implications," IZA Policy Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), number 124, Feb.
- Luca Piccoli, 2017, "Female poverty and intrahousehold inequality in transition economies," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 353-353, March.
- Dr. Rajeev kumar, 2017, "The Relation Among Inequality, Poverty and Economic Growth (GDP) in India," Journal of Commerce and Trade, Society for Advanced Management Studies, volume 12, issue 2, pages 9-17, October.
- Nattavud Pimpa, 2017, "Responsibility for Poverty: Sustainable Management by Mining Multinational Corporations in the Mekong Countries," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, volume 51, issue 3, pages 335-348, July-Sept.
- ABM Nasir & Hosne A. Mridha, 2017, "Does income inequality dampen growth effect on poverty? evidence from the US county data," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, volume 51, issue 4, pages 167-177, October-D.
- Jose Cuesta & Gabriel Lara Ibarra, 2017, "Comparing Cross-Survey Micro Imputation and Macro Projection Techniques: Poverty in Post Revolution Tunisia," Journal of Income Distribution, Ad libros publications inc., volume 25, issue 1, pages 1-30, March.
- Alexander Ahammer & Stefan Kranzinger, 2017, "Poverty in Times of Crisis," Economics working papers, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria, number 2017-03, Mar.
- Nicky Rogge, 2017, "Measuring the impact of the economic crisis on the level of change in EU social inclusion: period 2005–2012," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, volume 47, issue 2, pages 103-116, April, DOI: 10.1007/s11123-017-0493-7.
- E. Bárcena-Martín & S. Pérez-Moreno, 2017, "Immigrant–native gap in poverty: a cross-national European perspective," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, volume 15, issue 4, pages 1105-1136, December, DOI: 10.1007/s11150-015-9321-x.
- Kohei Komamura & Kuriko Watanabe & Soichiro Tanaka & Masato Shikata, 2017, "The analysis of income inequality and poverty in Japan: Using the National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure(1994-2009)," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University, number 2017-013, Apr.
- Ayad Hicham, 2017, "Financial Development and Poverty Reduction Nexus: A Co-Integration and Causality Analysis in Selected Arabic Countries," Academic Journal of Economic Studies, Faculty of Finance, Banking and Accountancy Bucharest,"Dimitrie Cantemir" Christian University Bucharest, volume 3, issue 2, pages 28-35, June.
- Katsushi S. Imai & Raghav Gaiha & Fabrizio Bresciani, 2017, "The Labour Productivity Gap between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors and Poverty in Asia," Discussion Paper Series, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, number DP2017-04, Mar, revised May 2018.
- Madhav Prasad Dahal, 2017, "Do Female Education and Ownership of Asset Matter for Poverty Reduction in Nepal?," Journal of Development Innovations, KarmaQuest International, volume 1, issue 2, pages 58-85, October.
- Dorian Fernando LEON, 2017, "Capability Approach: A Formal Introduction," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, KSP Journals, volume 4, issue 2, pages 215-218, June.
- Dorian Fernando LEON, 2017, "Differential approach and capabilities: An analysis for the population displaced in Colombia," Journal of Economic and Social Thought, KSP Journals, volume 4, issue 3, pages 312-321, Seprember.
- Nicolas Gravel & Brice Magdalou & Patrick Moyes, 2017, "Hammond’s Equity Principle and the Measurement of Ordinal Inequalities »," Working Papers, LAMETA, Universtiy of Montpellier, number 17-03, Jan.
- Simone Schotte & Rocco Zizzamia & Murray Leibbrandt, 2017, "Social stratification, life chances and vulnerability to poverty in South Africa," SALDRU Working Papers, Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, number 208.
- Zachary Parolin, 2017, "Applying Augmented Survey Data to Produce More Accurate, Precise, and Internationally Comparable Estimates of Poverty within the 50 United States," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 696, May.
- Yixia Cai & Martin Evans, 2019, "Informal Transfers in Comparisons of Income Distributions: Lessons from Rich and Middle-Income Countries," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 705, Oct.
- Robert C. Allen, 2017, "Absolute Poverty: When Necessity Displaces Desire," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 706, Jul.
- Bruce Bradbury & Markus Jäntti & Lena Lindahl, 2018, "Labour Income, Social Transfers and Child Poverty," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 707, Sep.
- Koen Caminada & Jinxian Wang & Kees Goudswaard & Chen Wang, 2017, "Income inequality and fiscal redistribution in 47 LIS-countries, 1967-2014," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 724, Nov.
- Teguh Dartanto, 2017, "Disaster, Mitigation and Household Welfare in Indonesia," LPEM FEBUI Working Papers, LPEM, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Indonesia, number 201706, Jun, revised Jun 2017.
- Gadom Djal Gadom & Armand Mboutchouang Kountchou & Gbetoton Nad ge Ad le Djossou & Gilles Quentin Kane & Abdelkrim Araar, 2017, "The impact of oil exploitation on wellbeing in Chad," Working Papers PMMA, PEP-PMMA, number 2017-06.
- Agn es Zabsonré & Maxime Agbo & Juste Somé & Ire ne Haffin, 2017, "Gold exploitation and socioeconomic outcomes: The case of Burkina Faso," Working Papers PMMA, PEP-PMMA, number 2017-13.
- Elisabetta Croci Angelini & Silvia Sorana, 2017, "Percezione della criminalità e diseguaglianza di reddito: un'indagine sui paesi europei," Working Papers, Macerata University, Department of Studies on Economic Development (DiSSE), number 50-2017, Nov, revised Nov 2017.
- Naďa Hazuchová & Jana Stávková, 2017, "A Comparison of Living Standards Indicators," European Journal of Business Science and Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, volume 3, issue 1, pages 54-64, DOI: 10.11118/ejobsat.v3i1.99.
- Marcelo Santos & Tiago Neves Sequeira & Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes, 2017, "Income Inequality and Technological Adoption," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 51, issue 4, pages 979-1000, October, DOI: 10.1080/00213624.2017.1391582.
- David Lander & David Gunawan & William Griffiths & Duangkamon Chotikapanich, 2017, "Bayesian Assessment of Lorenz and Stochastic Dominance," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series, The University of Melbourne, number 2029, Mar.
- Massimo Baldini & Vito Peragine & Luca Silvestri, 2017, "Quality of government and subjective poverty in Europe," Center for the Analysis of Public Policies (CAPP), Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi", number 0149, Jan.
- Massimo Baldini, 2017, "Questioni valutative in relazione alla definizione di 'povertà' (The definition and measurement of poverty: some methodological issues)," Center for the Analysis of Public Policies (CAPP), Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi", number 0158, Sep.
- Massimo Baldini & Vito Peragine & Luca Silvestri, 2017, "Quality of government and subjective poverty in Europe," Department of Economics, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi", number 0107, Jan.
- Raphael Raduzzi & Antonio Ribba, 2017, "The Macroeconomics Outcome of Oil Shocks in the Small Eurozone Economies," Department of Economics, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi", number 0109, Feb.
- Massimo Baldini, 2017, "Questioni valutative in relazione alla definizione di 'povertà' (The definition and measurement of poverty: some methodological issues)," Department of Economics, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi", number 0117, Sep.
- Massimo Baldini & Giovanni Gallo & Costanza Torricelli, 2017, "Past Income Scarcity and Current Perception of Financial Fragility," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance), Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi", number 0064, Dec.
- Gaurav Datt, 2017, "Distribution-sensitive multidimensional poverty measures with an application to India," Monash Economics Working Papers, Monash University, Department of Economics, number 06-17, Apr.
- Gaurav Datt, 2017, "Multidimensional Poverty in the Philippines, 2004-13: Do choices for weighting, identification and aggregation matter?," Monash Economics Working Papers, Monash University, Department of Economics, number 08-17, Apr.
- François Gardes, 2017, "Angus Deaton, prix à la mémoire d'Alfred Nobel 2015 : un maître de l'économie appliquée," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, number 17025, May.
- David Lander & David Gunawan & William Griffiths & Duangkamon Chotikapanich, 2017, "Bayesian assessment of Lorenz and stochastic dominance," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, number 15/17.
- B. Decerf, 2017, "Conciliating Absolute and Relative Poverty: Income Poverty Measurement Beyond Sen’s Model," Working Papers, University of Namur, Department of Economics, number 1701, Feb.
- Bruce D. Meyer & James X. Sullivan, 2017, "Consumption and Income Inequality in the U.S. Since the 1960s," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 23655, Aug.
- Martin Ravallion & Shaohua Chen, 2017, "Welfare-Consistent Global Poverty Measures," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 23739, Aug.
- Caitlin S. Brown & Martin Ravallion & Dominique van de Walle, 2017, "Are Poor Individuals Mainly Found in Poor Households? Evidence using Nutrition Data for Africa," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 24047, Nov.
- Titus J. Galama & Robson Morgan & Juan E. Saavedra, 2017, "Wealthier, Happier and More Self-Sufficient: When Anti-Poverty Programs Improve Economic and Subjective Wellbeing at a Reduced Cost to Taxpayers," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 24090, Nov.
- Florens Flues & Kurt van Dender, 2017, "The impact of energy taxes on the affordability of domestic energy," OECD Taxation Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 30, May, DOI: 10.1787/08705547-en.
- Olof Robling & Jon Pareliussen, 2017, "Structural inequality: The case of Sweden," OECD Economics Department Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 1382, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/c0c7e531-en.
- Ben Westmore, 2017, "Do government transfers reduce poverty in China?: Micro evidence from five regions," OECD Economics Department Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 1415, Oct, DOI: 10.1787/e5b343c1-en.
- Mehtabul Azam, 2017, "Are Urban-Rural Welfare Differences Growing in India?," Economics Working Paper Series, Oklahoma State University, Department of Economics and Legal Studies in Business, number 1715, Nov.
- Geranda Notten & Julie Charest & Andrew Heisz, 2017, "Material deprivation in Canada," Working Papers, University of Ottawa, Department of Economics, number 1715E.
- Hai-Anh H. Dang & Peter F. Lanjouw & Umar Serajuddin, 2017, "Updating poverty estimates in the absence of regular and comparable consumption data: methods and illustration with reference to a middle-income country," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 69, issue 4, pages 939-962.
- Sara B. Heller & Anuj K. Shah & Jonathan Guryan & Jens Ludwig & Sendhil Mullainathan & Harold A. Pollack, 2017, "Thinking, Fast and Slow? Some Field Experiments to Reduce Crime and Dropout in Chicago," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, volume 132, issue 1, pages 1-54.
- Muhammad Tariq Majeed, 2017, "Quality of Institutions and Inclusive Financial Development in the Muslim World," Palgrave Studies in Islamic Banking, Finance and Economics, Palgrave Macmillan, chapter 0, in: Muhamed Zulkhibri & Abdul Ghafar Ismail, "Financial Inclusion and Poverty Alleviation", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69799-4_1.
- Jonna P. Estudillo & Kinnalone Phimmavong & Francis Mark A. Quimba, 2017, "Moving out of poverty: a brief review of the process of inclusive growth in Lao People’s Democratic Republic," Philippine Review of Economics, University of the Philippines School of Economics and Philippine Economic Society, volume 54, issue 1, pages 32-46, June.
- Edita A. Tan, 2017, "How we measure poverty underestimates its extent and depth," Philippine Review of Economics, University of the Philippines School of Economics and Philippine Economic Society, volume 54, issue 1, pages 94-119, June.
- Nasir Iqbal & Saima Nawaz, 2017, "Spatial Differences and Socioeconomic Determinants of Health Poverty," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, volume 56, issue 3, pages 221-248.
- Pauhofová, Iveta & Želinský, Tomáš, 2017, "On the Regional Convergence of Income at District Level in Slovakia," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 108877.
- Ben Hamouda, Abderrazek, 2017, "La bonne gouvernance est-elle un déterminant de croissance économique et de réduction de la pauvreté ?
[Does good governance improve economic growth and poverty reduction?]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 110907, Apr. - Mussa, Richard, 2017, "Contextual Effects of Education on Poverty in Malawi," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 75976, Jan.
- Mussa, Richard, 2017, "Poverty and Inequality in Malawi: Trends, Prospects, and Policy Simulations," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 75979, Jan.
- Mussa, Richard, 2017, "Poverty in Malawi: Policy Analysis with Distributional Changes," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 75980, Jan.
- James Nyarkoh, Bright, 2017, "Modelling Trade Liberalisation-Poverty Nexus for Ghana," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 76209, Jan.
Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/j/I32-17.html