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Revisiting human capital and aggregate income differences

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  • Campbell, Susanna G.
  • Üngör, Murat

Abstract

We revisit human capital and development accounting. In quantifying human capital, we split it into three components; schooling (years of education), cognitive skills (as proxied by test score results), and a health indicator (for which adult survival rates are used). Our calculations are reported for a substantive cross-section of countries for the year 2000. According to our most conservative estimates, the most complete measure of human capital accounts for 19–28% of differences in output per worker across countries, but when excluding the health component this value falls to 17–22%, and further to 13–14% when only considering schooling. We present group comparisons, finding for some regions values as large as 40–50%.

Suggested Citation

  • Campbell, Susanna G. & Üngör, Murat, 2020. "Revisiting human capital and aggregate income differences," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 43-64.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:91:y:2020:i:c:p:43-64
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2020.05.016
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    Cited by:

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    2. Xiaoxue Liu & Fuzhen Cao & Shuangshuang Fan, 2022. "Does Human Capital Matter for China’s Green Growth?—Examination Based on Econometric Model and Machine Learning Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-27, September.
    3. Saima Javed & Yu Rong & Hafiz Muhammad Ihsan Zafeer & Samra Maqbool & Babar Nawaz Abbasi, 2024. "Unleashing the potential: a quest to understand and examine the factors enriching research and innovation productivities of South Asian universities," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Barbara Dañska-Borsiak, 2023. "Human capital convergence in European NUTS 2 regions," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 18(2), pages 367-392, June.
    5. Yogesh Ghore & Brad Long & Zeynep Ozkok & Derin Derici, 2023. "Rethinking human capital: Perspectives from women working in the informal economy," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 41(5), September.
    6. Abdulla, Kanat, 2021. "Regional convergence and structural transformation in a resource-dependent country," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 548-557.
    7. Gillman, Max, 2021. "Steps in industrial development through human capital deepening," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    8. World Bank Group, "undated". "Africa's Pulse, No. 18, October 2018," World Bank Publications - Reports 30455, The World Bank Group.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Development accounting; Human capital; Cognitive skills; Schooling; Health;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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