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Human Capital Quality and Aggregate Income Differences: Development Accounting for U.S. States

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  • Hanushek, Eric A.

    (Stanford University)

  • Ruhose, Jens

    (University of Kiel)

  • Woessmann, Ludger

    (University of Munich)

Abstract

Although many U.S. state policies presume that human capital is important for state economic development, there is little research linking better education to state incomes. In a complement to international studies of income differences, we investigate the extent to which quality-adjusted measures of human capital can explain within-country income differences. We develop detailed measures of state human capital based on school attainment from census micro data and on cognitive skills from state- and country-of-origin achievement tests. Partitioning current state workforces into state locals, interstate migrants, and immigrants, we adjust achievement scores for selective migration. We use the new human capital measures in development accounting analyses calibrated with standard production parameters. We find that differences in human capital account for 20-35 percent of the current variation in per-capita GDP among states, with roughly even contributions by school attainment and cognitive skills. Similar results emerge from growth accounting analyses.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanushek, Eric A. & Ruhose, Jens & Woessmann, Ludger, 2015. "Human Capital Quality and Aggregate Income Differences: Development Accounting for U.S. States," IZA Discussion Papers 9130, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9130
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    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Human Capital Quality and Aggregate Income Differences: Development Accounting for U.S. States
      by maximorossi in NEP-LTV blog on 2016-03-01 18:12:27
    2. Human Capital Quality and Aggregate Income Differences: Development Accounting for U.S. States by Eric A. Hanushek (hanushek@stanford.edu), Jens Ruhose (ruhose@ifo.de) and Ludger Woessmann (woessmann@ifo.de)
      by maximorossi in NEP-LTV blog on 2015-07-07 05:06:24

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    cognitive skills; human capital; economic growth; schooling; U.S. states;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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