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The Price and Employment Response of Firms to the Introduction of Minimum Wages

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  • Link, Sebastian

    (Ifo Institute for Economic Research)

Abstract

This paper studies the price and employment response of firms to the introduction of a nation-wide minimum wage in Germany. Widely throughout the economy, affected firms responded by rapidly and frequently increasing prices without cutting employment. These decisions are strongly interrelated: Firms that increased prices relatively more often also showed a less negative employment response. The relative importance of both adjustment margins is associated with product market competition and the specific economic situation firms face during the treatment period. Hence, understanding the role of price pass-through appears to be key for explaining employment effects of minimum wages.

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  • Link, Sebastian, 2022. "The Price and Employment Response of Firms to the Introduction of Minimum Wages," IZA Discussion Papers 15701, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15701
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    Cited by:

    1. Ying Liang, 2024. "Firms' Risk Adjustments to Minimum Wage: Financial Leverage and Labor Share Trade-off," Papers 2408.03659, arXiv.org.
    2. Friedrich Martin, 2020. "Using Occupations to Evaluate the Employment Effects of the German Minimum Wage," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 240(2-3), pages 269-294, April.
    3. Kunaschk, Max, 2024. "The effects of minimum wages on employment and prices—Evidence from the hairdressing sector," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    4. Bonin, Holger & Pestel, Nico, 2020. "Der Mindestlohn birgt nach wie vor Beschäftigungsrisiken," IZA Standpunkte 98, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Balleer, Almut & Link, Sebastian & Menkhoff, Manuel & Zorn, Peter, 2020. "Demand or Supply? Price Adjustment during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IZA Discussion Papers 13568, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Sebastian Link, 2018. "Harmonization and Interpretation of the ifo Business Survey's Micro Data," CESifo Working Paper Series 7427, CESifo.
    7. Budrys, Žymantas & Porqueddu, Mario & Sokol, Andrej, 2022. "Striking a bargain: narrative identification of wage bargaining shocks," Research Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 98.
    8. Gabriel M. Ahlfeldt & Duncan Roth & Tobias Seidel, 2022. "Optimal minimum wages," CEP Discussion Papers dp1823, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    9. Bossler, Mario & Gürtzgen, Nicole & Lochner, Benjamin & Betzl, Ute & Feist, Lisa, 2018. "The German minimum wage: Effects on business expectations, profitability, and investments," FAU Discussion Papers in Economics 13/2018, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute for Economics.
    10. Link Sebastian, 2020. "Harmonization of the ifo Business Survey’s Micro Data," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 240(4), pages 543-555, August.
    11. Link, Sebastian & Peichl, Andreas & Roth, Christopher & Wohlfart, Johannes, 2023. "Information frictions among firms and households," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 99-115.
    12. Pestel, Nico & Bonin, Holger & Isphording, Ingo E. & Gregory, Terry & Caliendo, Marco, 2020. "Auswirkungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf Beschäftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit," IZA Research Reports 95, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. Ingwersen, Kai & Thomsen, Stephan L., 2022. "Minimum Wage in Germany: Countering the Wage and Employment Gap between Migrants and Natives?," IZA Discussion Papers 15823, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Fedorets, Alexandra & Shupe, Cortnie, 2021. "Great expectations: Reservation wages and minimum wage reform," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 397-419.
    15. Demmelhuber Katrin & Sauer Stefan & Wohlrabe Klaus, 2023. "Beyond the Business Climate: Supplementary Questions in the ifo Business Survey," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 243(2), pages 169-182, April.
    16. Caliendo Marco & Wittbrodt Linda & Schröder Carsten, 2019. "The Causal Effects of the Minimum Wage Introduction in Germany – An Overview," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 20(3), pages 257-292, August.
    17. Arabzadeh, Hamzeh & Balleer, Almut & Gehrke, Britta & Taskin, Ahmet Ali, 2024. "Minimum wages, wage dispersion and financial constraints in firms," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    18. Alexandra Fedorets, 2021. "12 Euro Mindestlohn: neue Erwartungen und alte Hürden," Wirtschaftsdienst, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 101(12), pages 929-932, December.
    19. Bossler Mario & Gürtzgen Nicole & Lochner Benjamin & Betzl Ute & Feist Lisa, 2020. "The German Minimum Wage: Effects on Productivity, Profitability, and Investments," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 240(2-3), pages 321-350, April.
    20. Koch, Andreas & Kirchmann, Andrea & Reiner, Marcel & Scheu, Tobias & Zühlke, Anne & Bonin, Holger, 2020. "Verhaltensmuster von Betrieben und Beschäftigten im Kontext des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns," IZA Research Reports 97, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    21. Mario Bossler & Joachim Möller, 2019. "The Effects of the Compulsory Minimum Wage in Germany," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 16(04), pages 14-18, January.
    22. Kühn, Maximilian, 2021. "Are Firms Paying for the Minimum Wage? Evidence from Germany," Junior Management Science (JUMS), Junior Management Science e. V., vol. 6(1), pages 25-38.
    23. Andreas Knabe & Ronnie Schöb & Marcel Thum & Bruttel,Oliver & Benjamin Börschlein & Bossler Mario & Felix Pakleppa & Holger Bonin & Nico Pestel & Alexandra Fedorets & Marco Caliendo, 2020. "Bilanz nach fünf Jahren: Was hat der gesetzliche Mindestlohn gebracht?“," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(04), pages 03-28, April.
    24. Friedrich Martin, 2020. "Using Occupations to Evaluate the Employment Effects of the German Minimum Wage," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 240(2-3), pages 269-294, April.

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    16. Medrano-Adán, Luis & Salas-Fumás, Vicente, 2023. "Do minimum wages deliver what they promise? Effects of minimum wage on employment, output, and income inequality from occupational choice theory," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 366-383.
    17. Brian Bell & Stephen Machin, 2018. "Minimum Wages and Firm Value," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 36(1), pages 159-195.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    minimum wage; price pass-through; employment; interrelation of firms' choices;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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