Cultural Diffusion and Happiness: A New Evidence in Sub Saharan Africa

The main objective of this paper is to analyse the effects of culture on happiness in Sub-Saharan Africa. Based on a sample of 33 countries observed over the period from 2006 to 2020, we specify and estimate a panel data model using the system generalized method of moments (SGMM). The results show that culture significantly increases happiness in Sub-Saharan Africa. To test the robustness of the results, first we use Lewbel's instrumental variable technique, second mediation analysis to test the indirect effect of culture through the penetration of information and communication technologies and access to electricity, thirdly, we use the quasi-experimental approach of difference-in-difference propensity score and triple-difference method. After several triangulations of the analysis methods, we find that the effect of culture on happiness remains positive overall. In order to further consolidate the happiness of the populations of Sub-Saharan African countries, we suggest that political decision-makers intensify policies aimed at promoting the mixing of internal and external cultures that generates happiness.