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Monetary Statistics of the United States: Estimates, Sources, Methods

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. william, barnett, 2013. "Friedman and Divisia Monetary Measures," MPRA Paper 52310, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  2. Calomiris, Charles W. & Mason, Joseph R. & Wheelock, David C., 2011. "Did Doubling Reserve Requirements Cause the Recession of 1937-1938? A Microeconomic Approach," Working Papers 11-03, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
  3. Bordo, Michael D & Choudhri, Ehsan U & Schwartz, Anna J, 1995. "Could Stable Money Have Averted the Great Contraction?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 33(3), pages 484-505, July.
  4. Hugh Rockoff, 2010. "On the Origins of A Monetary History," Chapters, in: Ross B. Emmett (ed.), The Elgar Companion to the Chicago School of Economics, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
  5. repec:ejw:journl:v:2:y:2005:i:2:p:279-324 is not listed on IDEAS
  6. Anderson, Richard G. & Bordo, Michael & Duca, John V., 2017. "Money and velocity during financial crises: From the great depression to the great recession," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 32-49.
  7. Giovannini, Alberto & Labadie, Pamela, 1991. "Asset Prices and Interest Rates in Cash-in-Advance Models," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(6), pages 1215-1251, December.
  8. Dennis Hoffman & Robert H. Rasche, 1989. "The Demand For Money in the U.S. During the Great Depression: Estimates and Comparison with the Post War Experience," NBER Working Papers 3217, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  9. Mehak Moazam & M. Ali Kemal, 2016. "Inflation in Pakistan: Money or Oil Prices," Working Papers id:11507, eSocialSciences.
  10. Madarász, Aladár, 2012. "Adósság, pénz és szabadság [Taxation, money and freedom]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 457-507.
  11. Stokes, Houston H., 2016. "Using nonlinear testing procedures to specify the right hand side of an aggregate production function containing financial variables in the period 1967–2011," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 14(PB), pages 147-156.
  12. repec:bcp:journl:v:5:y:2021:i:10:p:77-85 is not listed on IDEAS
  13. Nelson, Edward & Schwartz, Anna J., 2008. "The impact of Milton Friedman on modern monetary economics: Setting the record straight on Paul Krugman's "Who was Milton Friedman?"," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 835-856, May.
  14. McCallum, Bennett T. & Nelson, Edward, 2010. "Money and Inflation: Some Critical Issues," Handbook of Monetary Economics, in: Benjamin M. Friedman & Michael Woodford (ed.), Handbook of Monetary Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 3, pages 97-153, Elsevier.
  15. Nelson, Edward, 2008. "Ireland and Switzerland: The jagged edges of the Great Inflation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(4), pages 700-732, May.
  16. Apostolos Serletis, 2017. "An Interview with William A. Barnett," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-32, October.
  17. Roberto Robatto, 2019. "Systemic Banking Panics, Liquidity Risk, and Monetary Policy," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 34, pages 20-42, October.
  18. Robert L. Hetzel, 2007. "The contributions of Milton Friedman to economics," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, vol. 93(Win), pages 1-30.
  19. Patrice Baubeau & Eric Monnet & Angelo Riva & Stefano Ungaro, 2021. "Flight‐to‐safety and the credit crunch: a new history of the banking crises in France during the Great Depression," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 74(1), pages 223-250, February.
  20. Subhani, Muhammad Imtiaz & Osman, Amber, 2011. "The South Asian Phillips Curve: Assessing the Gordon Triangle," MPRA Paper 34734, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2011.
  21. Vijay VICTOR & Maria FEKETE FARKAS & Florence JEESON, 2018. "Inflation unemployment dynamics in Hungary – A structured cointegration and vector error correction model approach," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(2(615), S), pages 195-204, Summer.
  22. Arthur J. Rolnick & Warren E. Weber, 1994. "Inflation, money, and output under alternative monetary standards," Staff Report 175, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
  23. Nicholas Curott & Tyler Watts, 2016. "What Caused the Recession of 1797?," Studies in Applied Economics 48, The Johns Hopkins Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise.
  24. Lothian, James R., 2009. "Milton Friedman's monetary economics and the quantity-theory tradition," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(7), pages 1086-1096, November.
  25. William A. Barnett & Marcelle Chauvet & Heather L. R. Tierney, 2011. "Measurement Error in Monetary Aggregates: A Markov Switching Factor Approach," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Aggregation And Index Number Theory, chapter 7, pages 207-249, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
  26. Michael D. Bordo & David C. Wheelock, 2004. "Monetary policy and asset prices: a look back at past U.S. stock market booms," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 86(Nov), pages 19-44.
  27. Tom Velk & Terence Hines, 2009. "The United States Post Office Domestic Postal Money Order System In The 19th Century: A Nascient Banking System," Departmental Working Papers 2009-11, McGill University, Department of Economics.
  28. Michael D. Bordo & Michael J. Dueker & David C. Wheelock, 2002. "Aggregate Price Shocks and Financial Instability: A Historical Analysis," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 40(4), pages 521-538, October.
  29. Nelson, Edward, 2013. "Friedman's monetary economics in practice," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 59-83.
  30. Allen Sinai & Houston H. Stokes, 1989. "Money Balances in the Production Function: A Retrospective Look," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 15(4), pages 349-363, Oct-Dec.
  31. Bordo, Michael D., 1986. "Explorations in monetary history: A survey of the literature," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 339-415, October.
  32. Livio Di Matteo & Angela Redish, 2015. "The evolution of financial intermediation: Evidence from 19th-century Ontario microdata," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 48(3), pages 963-987, August.
  33. Patrick Newman, 2016. "Expansionary Monetary Policy at the Federal Reserve in the 1920s," Advances in Austrian Economics, in: Studies in Austrian Macroeconomics, volume 20, pages 105-134, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
  34. Jacobson, Margaret M. & Tallman, Ellis W., 2015. "Liquidity provision during the crisis of 1914: Private and public sources," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 22-34.
  35. William A Barnett & Unja Chae & John W Keating, 2012. "Forecast Design In Monetary Capital Stock Measurement," Global Journal of Economics (GJE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 1(01), pages 1-53.
  36. Peter N. Ireland, 2009. "On the Welfare Cost of Inflation and the Recent Behavior of Money Demand," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(3), pages 1040-1052, June.
  37. Darrat, Ali F. & Al-Mutawa, Ahmed, 1996. "Modelling money demand in the United Arab Emirates," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 65-87.
  38. Chao Chiung, Ting, 2017. "Quantity Theory of Money: True or False," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(10), pages 46-63, October.
  39. Shambaugh, Jay C., 2006. "An experiment with multiple currencies: the American monetary system from 1838-60," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 43(4), pages 609-645, October.
  40. William A. Barnett & Marcelle Chauvet, 2011. "International Financial Aggregation and Index Number Theory: A Chronological Half-Century Empirical Overview," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Aggregation And Index Number Theory, chapter 1, pages 1-51, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
  41. Jane M. Binner & Logan J. Kelly & Jonathan A. Tepper, 2025. "Professional Forecasters vs. Shallow Neural Network Ensembles: Assessing Inflation Prediction Accuracy," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, March.
  42. Feldstein, Martin & Stock, James H., 1996. "Measuring money growth when financial markets are changing," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 3-27, February.
  43. John A. James, 1985. "Shifts in the Nineteenth-Century Phillips Curve Relationship," NBER Working Papers 1587, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  44. Jürgen von Hagen, 2009. "The monetary mechanics of the crisis," Bruegel Policy Contributions 320, Bruegel.
  45. Nicholas A. Curott & Tyler A. Watts, 2018. "A Monetary Explanation for the Recession of 1797," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 44(3), pages 381-399, June.
  46. Stephen F. Quinn & William Roberds, 2008. "The evolution of the check as a means of payment: a historical survey," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 93(4).
  47. Bayoumi, Tamim & Bordo, Michael D, 1998. "Getting Pegged: Comparing the 1879 and 1925 Gold Resumptions," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 50(1), pages 122-149, January.
  48. Nelson, Edward, 2003. "The future of monetary aggregates in monetary policy analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(5), pages 1029-1059, July.
  49. Hallwood, C. Paul & Marsh, Ian W., 2004. "Exchange market pressure on the pound-dollar exchange rate: 1925-1931," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 249-264, August.
  50. Reicher, Christopher Phillip, 2009. "What can a New Keynesian labor matching model match?," Kiel Working Papers 1496, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
  51. Almarin Phillips, 1970. "ALFRED S. EICHNER. The Emergence of Oligopoly: Sugar Refining as a Case Study. Pp. xi, 388. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins Press, 1969. $12.00," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 392(1), pages 249-255, November.
  52. Mahmood ul Hasan Khan & Fida Hussain, 2005. "Monetary Aggregates in Pakistan: Theoretical and Empirical Underpinnings," SBP Working Paper Series 07, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department.
  53. Rockoff, Hugh, 2022. "Milton Friedman on bailouts," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
  54. Elena Vladimirovna Travkina & Alim Borisovich Fiapshev & Marianna Tolevna Belova, 2022. "Stablecoin-Based Digital Trading and Investment Platforms and Their Potential in Overcoming Sanctions Restrictions," Economies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-10, October.
  55. Roberto Robatto, 2015. "Financial Crises and Systemic Bank Runs in a Dynamic Model of Banking," 2015 Meeting Papers 483, Society for Economic Dynamics.
  56. Marvin Goodfriend & Bennett T. McCallum, 1988. "Theoretical analysis of the demand of money," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, vol. 74(Jan), pages 16-24.
  57. Benjamin M. Friedman, 1984. "Money, Credit and Interest Rates in the Business Cycle," NBER Working Papers 1482, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  58. Anderson, Richard G. & Duca, John V. & Fleissig, Adrian R. & Jones, Barry E., 2019. "New monetary services (Divisia) indexes for the post-war U.S," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 3-17.
  59. Stefano Fenoaltea, 2015. "Italian Industrial Production, 1861-1913: A Statistical Reconstruction. A. Introduction," Carlo Alberto Notebooks 412, Collegio Carlo Alberto.
  60. Barnett, William A. & Chauvet, Marcelle, 2011. "How better monetary statistics could have signaled the financial crisis," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 161(1), pages 6-23, March.
  61. Barnett, William A., 1997. "Fellow's opinion: Econometrics, data, and the world wide web," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 77(2), pages 297-302, April.
  62. Syed Kamran Ali Haider & Shujahat Haider Hashmi & Ishtiaq Ahmed, . "Systematic Risk Factors And Stock Return Volatility," APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, AGRIMBA, vol. 11(01-2).
  63. Boyan Jovanovic & Peter L. Rousseau, 2001. "Liquidity effects in the bond market," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, vol. 25(Q IV), pages 17-35.
  64. Steindl, Frank G., 1998. "The Decline of a Paradigm: The Quantity Theory and Recovery in the 1930s," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 821-841, October.
  65. repec:mpc:wpaper:06 is not listed on IDEAS
  66. Frasser, Cristian & Guzmán, Gabriel, 2020. "What do we call money? An appraisal of the money or non-money view," Journal of Institutional Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(1), pages 25-40, February.
  67. George A. Selgin, 1989. "Legal Restrictions, Financial Weakening, and the Lender of Last Resort," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 9(2), pages 429-469, Fall.
  68. James R. Lothian & George S. Tavlas, 2018. "How Friedman and Schwartz Became Monetarists," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 50(4), pages 757-787, June.
  69. Xian HUANG & Shilong XIA, 2015. "Currency - Equivalent Vs . Divisia Monetary Aggregates: Theoretical Evaluation And Empirical Evidence From The United States And China," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(3), pages 60-80, September.
  70. Patrick Horan, 2025. "Milton Friedman and nominal income targeting," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 91(3), pages 988-1011, January.
  71. Krishnamurthy, Arvind & Vissing-Jorgensen, Annette, 2015. "The impact of Treasury supply on financial sector lending and stability," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(3), pages 571-600.
  72. Michael R. Darby, 1977. "The Consumer Expenditure Function," NBER Chapters, in: Explorations in Economic Research, Volume 4, number 5, pages 645-674, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  73. repec:grz:wpsses:2017-04 is not listed on IDEAS
  74. Kevin Hoover, 2004. "Milton Friedman?s Stance: The Methodology of Causal Realism," Working Papers 222, University of California, Davis, Department of Economics.
  75. Tyler Watts & Lukas Snyder, 2015. "Current Evidence on the Resource Costs of Irredeemable Paper Money," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 35(2), pages 411-427, Spring/Su.
  76. Sophie Altermatt, 2018. "The Long-Run Demand for M2 Reconsidered," Diskussionsschriften dp1824, Universitaet Bern, Departement Volkswirtschaft.
  77. William A. Barnett, 2000. "Which Road Leads to Stable Money Demand?," Contributions to Economic Analysis, in: The Theory of Monetary Aggregation, pages 577-592, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
  78. Peter F. Basile & John Landon-Lane & Hugh Rockoff, 2010. "Money and Interest Rates in the United States during the Great Depression," NBER Working Papers 16204, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  79. Dahalan, Jauhari & Sharma, Subhash C. & Sylwester, Kevin, 2005. "Divisia monetary aggregates and money demand for Malaysia," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 1137-1153, January.
  80. Yiting Li & Guillaume Rocheteau & Pierre-Olivier Weill, 2012. "Liquidity and the Threat of Fraudulent Assets," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 120(5), pages 000.
  81. Hendrickson, Joshua R., 2014. "Redundancy Or Mismeasurement? A Reappraisal Of Money," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(7), pages 1437-1465, October.
  82. Benati, Luca, 2009. "Long run evidence on money growth and inflation," Working Paper Series 1027, European Central Bank.
  83. John Landon-Lane & Hugh Rockoff, 2004. "Monetary Policy and Regional Interest Rates in the United States, 1880-2002," NBER Working Papers 10924, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  84. Serletis, Apostolos & Xu, Libo, 2020. "Functional monetary aggregates, monetary policy, and business cycles," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
  85. Robert J. Barro & Mark Rush, 1980. "Unanticipated Money and Economic Activity," NBER Chapters, in: Rational Expectations and Economic Policy, pages 23-73, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  86. Horan, Patrick J., 2024. "Money, output, and prices: 1967-2022," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
  87. Leonard I. Nakamura & Carlos E. Zarazaga, 2001. "Banking and finance in Argentina in the period 1900-35," Working Papers 01-7, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
  88. Bordo, Michael D. & Rockoff, Hugh, 2013. "The Influence Of Irving Fisher On Milton Friedman’S Monetary Economics," Journal of the History of Economic Thought, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(2), pages 153-177, June.
  89. Edward Nelson, 2004. "Money and the Transmission Mechanism in the Optimizing IS-LM Specification," History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, vol. 36(5), pages 271-304, Supplemen.
  90. Adnan Haider & Qazi Masood Ahmed & Zohaib Jawed, 2014. "Determinants of Energy Inflation in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 491-504.
  91. Douglas A. Irwin, 2011. "Gold Sterilization and the Recession of 1937-38," NBER Working Papers 17595, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  92. Kevin Hoover, 2004. "Milton Friedman?s Stance: The Methodology of Causal Realism," Working Papers 66, University of California, Davis, Department of Economics.
  93. Jocelyn Horne & Vance Martin & Shane Bonetti, 1986. "Asset Substitution and Aggregate Liquidity in Australia: 1969–1983," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 62(1), pages 22-36, March.
  94. Robert Poskart, 2020. "Cryptocurrencies in the Light of Money Definitions," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 2), pages 905-915.
  95. Ireland, Peter N., 1997. "A small, structural, quarterly model for monetary policy evaluation," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 83-108, December.
  96. Söderlind, Paul, 1995. "Forward Interest Rates as Indicators of Inflation Expectations," CEPR Discussion Papers 1313, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
  97. Patrick Newman, 2016. "The depression of 1920–1921: a credit induced boom and a market based recovery?," The Review of Austrian Economics, Springer;Society for the Development of Austrian Economics, vol. 29(4), pages 387-414, December.
  98. Binner, Jane & Elger, Thomas, 2002. "The UK Personal Sector Demand for Risky Money," Working Papers 2002:9, Lund University, Department of Economics.
  99. Hjertstrand, Per & Swofford, James L. & Whitney, Gerald A., 2019. "Index Numbers and Revealed Preference Rankings," Working Paper Series 1308, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
  100. Binner, Jane M. & Chaudhry, Sajid & Kelly, Logan & Swofford, James L., 2018. "“Risky” monetary aggregates for the UK and US," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 127-138.
  101. Robatto, Roberto, 2017. "Flight to liquidity and systemic bank runs," ESRB Working Paper Series 38, European Systemic Risk Board.
  102. Tavlas, George S., 2024. "The Long And Unfinished Road To Friedman And Meiselman’S “The Relative Stability Of Monetary Velocity And The Investment Multiplier”," Journal of the History of Economic Thought, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(2), pages 201-224, June.
  103. James R. Lothian, 1983. "The International Data Base: An Introductory Overview," NBER Chapters, in: The International Transmission of Inflation, pages 46-57, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  104. Michael D. Bordo, 1989. "The Contribution of "A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960" to Monetary History," NBER Chapters, in: Money, History, and International Finance: Essays in Honor of Anna J. Schwartz, pages 15-78, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  105. Rocheteau, Guillaume & Rodriguez-Lopez, Antonio, 2014. "Liquidity provision, interest rates, and unemployment," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 80-101.
  106. Jonathan H. Wright, 1999. "A simple approach to robust inference in a cointegrating system," International Finance Discussion Papers 654, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
  107. Willis L. Peterson, 1996. "Does Money Still Matter?," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 16(2), pages 253-265, Fall.
  108. Robert J. Gordon & John Veitch, 1986. "Fixed Investment in the American Business Cycle, 1919-83," NBER Chapters, in: The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change, pages 267-358, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  109. Charles W. Calomiris, 1993. "Financial Factors in the Great Depression," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 61-85, Spring.
  110. Hugh Rockoff, 1993. "The Meaning of Money in the Great Depression," NBER Historical Working Papers 0052, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  111. Steven Sprick Schuster & Matthew Jaremski & Elisabeth Ruth Perlman, 2019. "An Empirical History of the United States Postal Savings System," NBER Working Papers 25812, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  112. Raghbendra Jha & Ibotombi Longjam, 2008. "A Divisia type saving aggregate for India," Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 1(1), pages 51-66.
  113. Ericsson Neil R., 2016. "Testing for and estimating structural breaks and other nonlinearities in a dynamic monetary sector," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 20(4), pages 377-398, September.
  114. Michael D. Bordo & Hugh Rockoff, 2013. "Not Just the Great Contraction: Friedman and Schwartz's A Monetary History of the United States 1867 to 1960," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 103(3), pages 61-65, May.
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