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Effects of macroprudential policies on bank lending and credit risks

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  • Stefanie Behncke

Abstract

I analyse the effects of two macroprudential policy measures implemented in Switzerland: the activation of the countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) and a cap on the loan-to-value (LTV) ratios. I use a difference-in-differences method to estimate the effects of these measures on risk indicators, such as their LTV and loan-to-income (LTI) ratios and mortgage growth rates. I find that both the CCyB and the LTV cap led to a reduction in high LTV mortgages. The banks affected by the CCyB also reduced their mortgage growth rates. I do not find any evidence that these measures had unintended consequences on LTI risks or on non-mortgage credit growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefanie Behncke, 2020. "Effects of macroprudential policies on bank lending and credit risks," Working Papers 2020-06, Swiss National Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:snb:snbwpa:2020-06
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhen Li & Yitong Sun & Jinhao Liu & Yi Li & Zhifang Zhou, 2024. "Corporate violations and bank debt cost: The insurance effect of corporate social responsibility," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(5), pages 4487-4503, September.
    2. Dursun-de Neef, H． Özlem & Schandlbauer, Alexander & Wittig, Colin, 2023. "Countercyclical capital buffers and credit supply: Evidence from the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    3. Auer, Raphael & Matyunina, Alexandra & Ongena, Steven, 2022. "The countercyclical capital buffer and the composition of bank lending," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    4. Andre Teixeira & Zoe Venter, 2022. "Macroprudential Policy and Aggregate Demand," Working Papers 2022.04, International Network for Economic Research - INFER.
    5. Stefanie Behncke, 2023. "Effects of Macroprudential Policies on Bank Lending and Credit Risks," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 63(2), pages 175-199, April.
    6. Mirzaei, Ali & Pasiouras, Fotios & Samet, Anis, 2021. "State ownership, macroprudential policies, and bank lending," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    7. Mandas, Marco & Goodell, John W., 2025. "The impact of capital-based macroprudential policy on banks’ balance sheet composition," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    8. Viktoria Alaverdyan & Gevorg Minasyan & Aleksandr Shirkhanyan, 2025. "When Risk Shifts, not Shrinks: Bank Portfolio Responses to FX Macroprudential Regulation," Working Papers WP-2025-04, Central Bank of Armenia.
    9. Li, Yongkui & Du, Qixuan & Chao, Xiangrui & Gao, Xiang, 2024. "Macro-prudential policy, digital transformations and banks’ risk-taking," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    10. Henry Penikas, 2021. "Review of Bank of Russia – NES Workshop 'Identification and Measurement of Macroprudential Policies Effects'," Russian Journal of Money and Finance, Bank of Russia, vol. 80(3), pages 94-104, September.
    11. Behn, Markus & Lo Duca, Marco & Perales, Cristian, 2026. "How do macroprudential measures affect mortgage lending standards? Evidence from the ECB’s Bank Lending Survey," Working Paper Series 3190, European Central Bank.
    12. Bolliger, Elio & Bruhin, Adrian & Fuster, Andreas & Ganarin, Maja, 2025. "The effect of macroprudential policies on homeownership: Evidence from Switzerland," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    13. Teixeira, André, 2023. "Does macroprudential policy affect wealth inequality? Evidence from synthetic controls," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).

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    JEL classification:

    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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