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Gender Differentials in Unemployment Ins and Outs during the Great Recession in Spain

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  • Sara De la Rica
  • Yolanda F. Rebollo-Sanz

Abstract

The Great Recession has had a disproportionately negative effect on working men compared to working women in many OECD countries and led to gender convergence in aggregate unemployment rates. In this paper we seek the sources of this recent convergence by using Social Security records on individuals to study the determinants of unemployment ins and outs over the course of a whole business cycle, i.e. 2000-2013. We focus on Spain n a country hit hard by unemployment increases in downturns. Our results indicate that unemployment outs are crucial in understanding changes in unemployment rates in Spain. Furthermore, the huge drop in unemployment outs in the recession, particularly for men, has led to unprecedented levels of long-term unemployment, which has come to account for 64% of total unemployment. Negative state dependence emerges as a key barrier to job access for the long-term unemployed and hence the rate of unemployment is expected to remain high for many years, even if there is a strong recovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara De la Rica & Yolanda F. Rebollo-Sanz, 2015. "Gender Differentials in Unemployment Ins and Outs during the Great Recession in Spain," Studies on the Spanish Economy eee2015-18, FEDEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:fda:fdaeee:eee2015-18
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    4. Kenneth A. Couch & Robert Fairlie & Huanan Xu, 2018. "Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession," Research in Labor Economics, in: Transitions through the Labor Market, volume 46, pages 1-53, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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    6. NAGORE GARCIA Amparo & VAN SOEST Arthur, 2016. "Unemployment Exits Before and During the Crisis," LISER Working Paper Series 2016-14, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    7. NAGORE GARCIA Amparo, 2017. "Gender Differences in Unemployment Dynamics and Initial Wages over the Business Cycle," LISER Working Paper Series 2017-06, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    8. Alexander Mihailov & Giovanni Razzu & Zhe Wang, 2020. "The Gender Unemployment Gap Across the Euro Area: The Role of Macroeconomic Shocks and Labour Market Institutions," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2020-26, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
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    10. Chiara Mussida & Luca Zanin, 2020. "Determinants of the Choice of Job Search Channels by the Unemployed Using a Multivariate Probit Model," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 152(1), pages 369-420, November.
    11. Jorge Núñez, 2021. "Gaming the crisis: Derivatives and unemployment in Spain," Economic Anthropology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(1), pages 61-73, January.
    12. Laura Barbieri & Chiara Mussida, 2018. "Structural differences across macroregions: an empirical investigation," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 45(2), pages 215-246, May.
    13. Max Coveney & Pilar García‐Gómez & Eddy Van Doorslaer & Tom Van Ourti, 2016. "Health Disparities by Income in Spain Before and After the Economic Crisis," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(S2), pages 141-158, November.
    14. Marina Fados & Maria Bohdalova, 2017. "Gender Inequality in Unemployment by Age in Spain, Switzerland and the European Union," MIC 2017: Managing the Global Economy; Proceedings of the Joint International Conference, Monastier di Treviso, Italy, 24–27 May 2017,, University of Primorska Press.
    15. Kamil Galuscak & Jan Solc & Pawel Strzelecki, 2018. "Labour Market Flows over the Business Cycle: The Role of the Participation Margin," Working Papers 2018/17, Czech National Bank.
    16. Amparo Nagore García & Arthur Soest, 2017. "Unemployment Exits Before and During the Crisis," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 31(4), pages 337-368, December.
    17. Marina Faďoš & Mária Bohdalová, 2019. "Unemployment gender inequality: evidence from the 27 European Union countries," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 9(3), pages 349-371, September.
    18. Julián Costas-Fernández & Simón Lodato, 2022. "Inequality, poverty and the composition of redistribution," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 59(4), pages 925-967, November.
    19. Feridoon Koohi-Kamali & Aida Farmand & Jose Pedro Bastos Neves, 2021. "The Duration of U.S. Joblessness and the Great Recession," SCEPA working paper series. 2021-03, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), The New School.
    20. Constantin ILIE & Margareta ILIE & Ionut ANTOHI, 2022. "Data Management in Unemployment and Education in the Field of B&A for Women," Economics and Applied Informatics, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, issue 3, pages 60-68.
    21. Maurizio Baussola & Chiara Mussida, 2017. "Regional and gender differentials in the persistence of unemployment in Europe," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 173-190, March.
    22. Yolanda F. Rebollo-Sanz, 2017. "Decomposing the structure of wages into firm and worker effects: some insights from a high unemployment economy," Working Papers 17.10, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Economics.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J63 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs
    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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