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Do Conglomerate Firms Allocate Resources Inefficiently Across Industries? Theory and Evidence

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Charles A. Brown & Chris R. McNeil, 2008. "Internal capital market subsidies and industry downturns," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 48(3), pages 337-361, September.
  2. Eberl, Stephan, 2008. "Licht und Schatten zentralisierter Kapitalallokation: die Wirkung Interner Kapitalmärkte auf den Unternehmenswert," Hohenheimer Schriften: Rechnungswesen - Steuern - Wirtschaftsprüfung 2008-1, University of Hohenheim, Department of Business Administration.
  3. Domenico Scalera & Alberto Zazzaro, 2009. "Do Inter-Firm Networks Make Access to Finance Easier? Issues and Empirical Evidence," Mo.Fi.R. Working Papers 25, Money and Finance Research group (Mo.Fi.R.) - Univ. Politecnica Marche - Dept. Economic and Social Sciences.
  4. Valeria Cirillo & Andrea Ricci, 2022. "Heterogeneity matters: temporary employment, productivity and wages in Italian firms," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 39(2), pages 567-593, July.
  5. Clarke, Jonathan E. & Fee, C. Edward & Thomas, Shawn, 2004. "Corporate diversification and asymmetric information: evidence from stock market trading characteristics," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 105-129, January.
  6. Xiaoying Xie & Charles Lee & Martin Eling, 0. "Cyber insurance offering and performance: an analysis of the U.S. cyber insurance market," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 0, pages 1-47.
  7. Xavier Giroud & Holger M. Mueller, 2013. "Capital And Labor Reallocation Inside Firms," Working Papers 13-22, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
  8. Hoechle, Daniel & Schmid, Markus & Walter, Ingo & Yermack, David, 2012. "How much of the diversification discount can be explained by poor corporate governance?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(1), pages 41-60.
  9. Peter G. Klein & Robert Wuebker, 2020. "Corporate diversification and innovation: Managerial myopia or inefficient internal capital markets?," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(8), pages 1403-1416, December.
  10. McNeil, Chris R. & Moore, William T., 2005. "Dismantling internal capital markets via spinoff: effects on capital allocation efficiency and firm valuation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 11(1-2), pages 253-275, March.
  11. Sang Won Han & Henrich R. Greve, 2026. "The Categorical Imperative vs. Linguistic Alignment: Organizations Use Language to Modify Environmental Expectations," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(1), pages 113-131, January.
  12. Laeven, Luc & Levine, Ross, 2007. "Is there a diversification discount in financial conglomerates?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(2), pages 331-367, August.
  13. Seru, Amit, 2014. "Firm boundaries matter: Evidence from conglomerates and R&D activity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 381-405.
  14. Emilie R. Feldman, 2016. "Corporate Spin-Offs and Capital Allocation Decisions," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 1(4), pages 256-271, December.
  15. Boutin, Xavier & Cestone, Giacinta & Fumagalli, Chiara & Pica, Giovanni & Serrano-Velarde, Nicolas, 2013. "The deep-pocket effect of internal capital markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(1), pages 122-145.
  16. Pavel Sevcik, 2015. "Financial Frictions, Internal Capital Markets, and the Organization of Production," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 18(3), pages 505-522, July.
  17. David Hennessy & Harvey Lapan, 2005. "An algebraic theory of multi-product decisions," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 25(4), pages 819-829, June.
  18. Marinelli, Federico, 2008. "Persistence of outstanding performance and shareholder value among diversified firms: The impact of past performance, efficient internal capital market, and relatedness of business segments," IESE Research Papers D/758, IESE Business School.
  19. Fratianni, Michele & Marchionne, Francesco, 2013. "The fading stock market response to announcements of bank bailouts," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 69-89.
  20. Saoussen Ben Gamra & Dominique Plihon, 2011. "Revenue diversification in emerging market banks: implications for financial performance," Working Papers hal-00598136, HAL.
  21. Datta, Sudip & D'Mello, Ranjan & Iskandar-Datta, Mai, 2009. "Executive compensation and internal capital market efficiency," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 242-258, April.
  22. Xavier Giroud, 2010. "Soft Information and Investment: Evidence from Plant-Level Data," Working Papers 10-38r, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, revised Nov 2010.
  23. Adam V. Reed & Pedro A. C. Saffi & Edward D. Van Wesep, 2021. "Short-Sales Constraints and the Diversification Puzzle," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(2), pages 1159-1182, February.
  24. French, Joseph J. & Fujitani, Ryosuke & Yasuda, Yukihiro, 2020. "Under pressure: Listing status and disinvestment in Japan," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
  25. Kolasinski, Adam C., 2009. "Subsidiary debt, capital structure and internal capital markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 327-343, November.
  26. Schaeck, K. & Silva Buston, C.F. & Wagner, W.B., 2013. "The Two Faces of Interbank Correlation," Discussion Paper 2013-077, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
  27. Christian Espinosa & Carlos Maquieira, 2010. "Diversificación y Desempeño en Sud América: Evidencia para Chile," Working Papers 10, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales.
  28. Antoine Faure- Grimaud & Roman Inderst, 2005. "Conglomerate Entrenchment under Optimal Financial Contracting," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(3), pages 850-861, June.
  29. Wang, Yolanda Yulong, 2023. "Corporate diversification, investment efficiency and the business cycle11This work is supported by Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
  30. Zhao Rong & Sheng Xiao, 2017. "Innovation†Related Diversification and Firm Value," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 23(3), pages 475-518, June.
  31. Gugler, Klaus & Peev, Evgeni & Segalla, Esther, 2013. "The internal workings of internal capital markets: Cross-country evidence," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 59-73.
  32. Suman Banerjee & Thomas H. Noe, 2017. "Legal-System Arbitrage and Parent–Subsidiary Capital Structures," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(11), pages 3809-3828, November.
  33. Armel Jacques, 2024. "Increased fines for repeat offenders and conglomerate dynamics," TEPP Working Paper 2024-06, TEPP.
  34. Siraj, Ibrahim & Hassan, M. Kabir & Maroney, Neal, 2020. "Product demand sensitivity and the corporate diversification discount," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
  35. Dosi, Giovanni & Mathew, Nanditha & Pugliese, Emanuele, 2019. "What a firm produces matters: diversi cation, coherence and performance of Indian manufacturing," MERIT Working Papers 2019-013, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
  36. Kim, Sehoon, 2020. "Disappearing Discounts: Hedge Fund Activism in Conglomerates," MPRA Paper 100876, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  37. Dai, Liang, 2018. "Asset bundling and information acquisition of investors with different expertise," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 447-490.
  38. Cieślik Andrzej & Michałek Jan Jakub & Gauger Iryna, 2018. "Regional dimension of firm level productivity determinants: the case of manufacturing and service firms in Ukraine," Central European Economic Journal, Sciendo, vol. 5(52), pages 81-95, January.
  39. Manuel Villasalero, 2018. "Multi-Business Firms, Knowledge Flows and Intra-Network Open Innovations," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 9(1), pages 162-179, March.
  40. M. V. Shyam Kumar, 2013. "The Costs of Related Diversification: The Impact of the Core Business on the Productivity of Related Segments," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(6), pages 1827-1846, December.
  41. Bennett, Benjamin & Stulz, René & Wang, Zexi, 2020. "Does the stock market make firms more productive?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(2), pages 281-306.
  42. Hyoung-Goo Kang & Richard M. Burton & Will Mitchell, 2021. "How firm boundaries and relatedness jointly affect diversification value: trade-offs between governance and flexibility," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 1-34, March.
  43. Shashwat Alok & Radhakrishnan Gopalan, 2018. "Managerial Compensation in Multidivision Firms," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(6), pages 2856-2874, June.
  44. Song, Yeon-Jung & Shoji, Kenichi, 2016. "Effects of diversification strategies on investment in railway business: The case of private railway companies in Japan," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 388-396.
  45. Gerard Hoberg & Gordon M. Phillips, 2011. "Conglomerate Industry Choice and Product Differentiation," NBER Working Papers 17221, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  46. Beaver, William H & Cascino, Stefano & Correia, Maria & McNichols, Maureen F., 2024. "Bankruptcy in groups," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118590, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
  47. Min Dai & Xavier Giroud & Wei Jiang & Neng Wang, 2020. "A q Theory of Internal Capital Markets," NBER Working Papers 27931, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  48. Bernardo, Antonio E. & Luo, Jiang & Wang, James J.D., 2006. "A theory of socialistic internal capital markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(3), pages 485-509, June.
  49. Mark Holder & Aiwu Zhao, 2015. "Value exploration and materialization in diversification strategies," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 175-213, July.
  50. Filson, Darren & Olfati, Saman, 2014. "The impacts of Gramm–Leach–Bliley bank diversification on value and risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 209-221.
  51. Ly, Kim Cuong & Liu, Hong & Opong, Kwaku, 2017. "Who acquires whom among stand-alone commercial banks and bank holding company affiliates?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 144-158.
  52. Geoffrey Tate & Liu Yang, 2013. "The Bright Side Of Corporate Diversification: Evidence From Internal Labor Markets," Working Papers 13-40, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
  53. Xavier Giroud, 2010. "Soft Information and Investment: Evidence from Plant-Level Data," Working Papers 10-38, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, revised Nov 2010.
  54. Bai, Min & Fu, Yumei & Sun, Mingwei, 2023. "Corporate diversification and labor investment efficiency: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
  55. Minnick, Kristina, 2011. "The role of corporate governance in the write-off decision," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 130-145.
  56. Dosi, Giovanni & Mathew, Nanditha & Pugliese, Emanuele, 2022. "What a firm produces matters: Processes of diversification, coherence and performances of Indian manufacturing firms," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(8).
  57. Murillo Campello & Janet Gao & Qiping Xu, 2024. "Personal Taxes and Firm Skill Hiring: Evidence from 27 Million Job Postings," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 70(10), pages 7215-7241, October.
  58. Christian Espinosa & Carlos Maquieira & Joao Paulo Vieito, 2012. "Does corporate diversication create value in south america? The chilean case," Working Papers 38, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales.
  59. Volker Nocke & Stephen Yeaple, 2014. "Globalization And Multiproduct Firms," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 55(4), pages 993-1018, November.
  60. Yihui Pan, 2017. "The Determinants and Impact of Executive-Firm Matches," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(1), pages 185-200, January.
  61. Richard Borghesi & Joel Houston & Andy Naranjo, 2007. "Value, Survival, and the Evolution of Firm Organizational Structure," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 36(3), pages 5-31, September.
  62. Martin Goetz & Luc Laeven & Ross Levine, 2011. "The Valuation Effects of Geographic Diversification: Evidence from U.S. Banks," NBER Working Papers 17660, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  63. Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars & Tåg, Joacim, 2018. "Threatening to buy: Private equity buyouts and antitrust policy," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 31-34.
  64. Liu Yang, 2008. "The Real Determinants of Asset Sales," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(5), pages 2231-2262, October.
  65. Yu, Shuangli, 2025. "In the shadow of banks: Entrusted wealth management and capital allocation efficiency," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
  66. Morrison, Alan & Lóránth, Gyöngyi, 2008. "Bank Diversification and Incentives," CEPR Discussion Papers 7051, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
  67. Jaideep Shenoy, 2021. "Firm vertical boundaries, internal capital markets, and firm performance," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 27(1), pages 59-97, January.
  68. Yihui Pan & Tracy Yue Wang & Michael S. Weisbach, 2016. "CEO Investment Cycles," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 29(11), pages 2955-2999.
  69. Ma. Belén Lozano García & Alberto de Miguel Hidalgo & Diana Monserrat Ríos Rodríguez, 2013. "Responsible Diversification: Knowing Enough About Diversification To Do It Responsibly: Motives, Measures And Consequences," Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, Faculty of Sciences, "1 Decembrie 1918" University, Alba Iulia, vol. 1(15), pages 1-19.
  70. Troy D. Smith, 2015. "Private Equity Investment in India: Efficiency vs Expansion," Discussion Papers 15-011, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
  71. Lai, Jung-Ho & Chen, Li-Yu, 2014. "The valuation effect of corporate governance on stakeholder wealth: Evidence from strategic alliances," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 117-131.
  72. Greene, William H. & Hornstein, Abigail S. & White, Lawrence J., 2009. "Multinationals do it better: Evidence on the efficiency of corporations' capital budgeting," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 703-720, December.
  73. Xavier Giroud & Holger M. Mueller, 2012. "Capital and Labor Reallocation Inside Firms," NBER Working Papers 18592, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  74. Hennessy, David & Lapan, Harvey, 2002. "An Algebraic Theory of the Multiproduct Firm," ISU General Staff Papers 202411041948040000, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
  75. John (Jianqiu) Bai, 2021. "Organizational Form and Trade Liberalization: Plant-Level Evidence," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(12), pages 7755-7784, December.
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  77. Patrick Bielstein & Mario Fischer & Christoph Kaserer, 2018. "The cost of capital effect of M&A transactions: Disentangling coinsurance from the diversification discount," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 24(4), pages 650-679, September.
  78. Christian Espinosa & Juan Gorigoitía, 2012. "Stability of sovereign risk in the Eurozone through the Lyapunov Exponent," Working Papers 36, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales.
  79. Xi He, 2012. "Two Sides of a Coin: Endogenous and Exogenous Effects of Corporate Diversification on Firm Value," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 12(4), pages 375-397, December.
  80. Enrico Santarelli & Hien Thu Tran, 2016. "Diversification strategies and firm performance in Vietnam," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 24(1), pages 31-68, January.
  81. Nehrebecki Marian, 2020. "Cash flow sensitivity of investment: Evidence from the Polish listed companies," Central European Economic Journal, Sciendo, vol. 7(54), pages 157-171, January.
  82. Katariina Hakkala, 2006. "Corporate restructuring and labor productivity growth," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 15(4), pages 683-714, August.
  83. Chad Syverson, 2011. "What Determines Productivity?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 49(2), pages 326-365, June.
  84. Jason Sturgess, 2016. "Multinational Firms, Internal Capital Markets, and the Value of Global Diversification," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(02), pages 1-34, June.
  85. Emilie R. Feldman & Claudine Gartenberg & Julie Wulf, 2018. "Pay inequality and corporate divestitures," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(11), pages 2829-2858, November.
  86. Ron Adner & Peter Zemsky, 2016. "Diversification and Performance: Linking Relatedness, Market Structure, and the Decision to Diversify," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 1(1), pages 32-55, March.
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  88. Nguyen, Giang & Nguyen, Hai, 2019. "Does seller status matter in inter-corporate asset sales?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 97-110.
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  90. José Manuel Campa & Ignacio Hernando, 2004. "Shareholder Value Creation in European M&As," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 10(1), pages 47-81, March.
  91. Liang, Hsin-Yu & Chen, I-Ju & Chen, Sheng-Syan, 2016. "Does corporate governance mitigate bank diversification discount?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 129-143.
  92. Mataigne, Virginie & Manigart, Sophie & Luypaert, Mathieu, 2021. "Acquisitions: A curse or blessing for direct competitors? The impact of target ownership structure," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
  93. Vo, Vinh & Nguyen, Giang & Pham, Hung, 2025. "Acquiring divestors," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
  94. Gerard Hoberg & Gordon Phillips, 2018. "Conglomerate Industry Choice and Product Language," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(8), pages 3735-3755, August.
  95. Nuri Ersahin & Rustom M. Irani, 2015. "Collateral Values and Corporate Employment," Working Papers 15-30r, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
  96. Tyson B. Mackey & Jay B. Barney & Jeffrey P. Dotson, 2017. "Corporate diversification and the value of individual firms: A Bayesian approach," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(2), pages 322-341, February.
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  100. Agarwal, Sumit & Chiu, I-Ming & Souphom, Victor & Yamashiro, Guy M., 2011. "The efficiency of internal capital markets: Evidence from the Annual Capital Expenditure Survey," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 162-172, May.
  101. Richard A. Bettis & Constance E. Helfat & J. Myles Shaver & Sungyong Chang & Bruce Kogut & Jae-Suk Yang, 2016. "Global diversification discount and its discontents: A bit of self-selection makes a world of difference," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(11), pages 2254-2274, November.
  102. Juan Camilo Serpa & Harish Krishnan, 2018. "The Impact of Supply Chains on Firm-Level Productivity," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(2), pages 511-532, February.
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  104. Choe, Chongwoo & Yin, Xiangkang, 2009. "Diversification discount, information rents, and internal capital markets," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(2), pages 178-196, May.
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  129. Maksimovic, Vojislav & Phillips, Gordon & Prabhala, N.R., 2011. "Post-merger restructuring and the boundaries of the firm," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 317-343.
  130. Duc Nam Phung & Anil V. Mishra, 2016. "Corporation Diversification and Firm Performance: Evidence from Vietnamese Listed Firms," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(4), pages 386-408, December.
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