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Takeover Activity as a Response to Time‐Varying Changes in Investment Opportunity Sets: Evidence from Takeover Sequences

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  • Sandy Klasa
  • Mike Stegemoller

Abstract

We study takeover sequences that contain at least five acquisitions made over a period greater than 12 months, with no two acquisitions separated by more than 24 months. Acquisitions made within such sequences represent more than a quarter of aggregate takeover activity by U.S. public firms from 1982–1999. Our fi ndings are consistent with a proposition that takeover sequences occur in the context of time‐varying changes in an acquirer's growth opportunity set. Takeover sequences begin (end) subsequent to an expansion (contraction) of this opportunity set.

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  • Sandy Klasa & Mike Stegemoller, 2007. "Takeover Activity as a Response to Time‐Varying Changes in Investment Opportunity Sets: Evidence from Takeover Sequences," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 36(2), pages 1-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:finmgt:v:36:y:2007:i:2:p:1-25
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-053X.2007.tb00085.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Jaffe, Jeffrey & Pedersen, David & Voetmann, Torben, 2013. "Skill differences in corporate acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 166-181.
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    3. Shaomeng Li & Guy S. Liu & Andros Gregoriou, 2021. "Do more mergers and acquisitions create value for shareholders?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 755-787, February.
    4. Aktas, Nihat & de Bodt, Eric & Roll, Richard, 2009. "Learning, hubris and corporate serial acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 543-561, December.
    5. Anton George & Cheptiş Alexandra & Vasilca Miruna-Mihaela & Vid Alin-Ioan, 2022. "Estimating the value creation probability of mergers and acquisitions events using option pricing models Evidence from Europe and USA," Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, Sciendo, vol. 16(1), pages 203-216, August.
    6. Harford, Jarrad & Klasa, Sandy & Walcott, Nathan, 2009. "Do firms have leverage targets? Evidence from acquisitions," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 1-14, July.
    7. Tunyi, Abongeh A., 2021. "Revisiting acquirer returns: Evidence from unanticipated deals," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    8. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 650-699.
    9. Husayn Shahrur & Anand Venkateswaran, 2009. "Industry Prospects And Acquirer Returns In Diversifying Takeovers," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 32(1), pages 23-51, March.
    10. Thibaut G. Morillon, 2021. "Serial acquirers and decreasing returns: Do bidders’ acquisition patterns matter?," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 56(3), pages 407-432, August.
    11. Wenjing Ouyang & Samuel H. Szewczyk, 2018. "Stock price informativeness on the sensitivity of strategic M&A investment to Q," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 745-774, April.
    12. Ilaria Galavotti, 2019. "Firm-level recent profitability and acquisition performance: exploring competing theoretical perspectives," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 9(3), pages 319-345, September.
    13. Al Rahahleh, Naseem & Wei, Peihwang Philip, 2012. "The performance of frequent acquirers: Evidence from emerging markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 16-33.
    14. Xu, Weidong & Gao, Xin & Li, Donghui & Zhuang, Mingming & Yang, Shijie, 2022. "Serial acquirers and stock price crash risk: International evidence," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    15. Ralph Sonenshine, 2020. "Merger waves: are buyers following the herd or responding to structural queues?," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(2), pages 287-308, June.
    16. Ashrafee Tanvir Hossain & Lawrence Kryzanowski, 2021. "Political corruption shielding and corporate acquisitions," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 56(1), pages 55-83, February.
    17. Deshpande, Shreesh & Svetina, Marko & Zhu, PengCheng, 2012. "Analyst coverage of acquiring firms and value creation in cross-border acquisitions," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 212-229.
    18. Matthew T. Billett & Yiming Qian, 2008. "Are Overconfident CEOs Born or Made? Evidence of Self-Attribution Bias from Frequent Acquirers," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(6), pages 1037-1051, June.
    19. Chatterjee, Sris & Hasan, Iftekhar & John, Kose & Yan, An, 2021. "Stock liquidity, empire building, and valuation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    20. Chen Cai & Huimin Li & Haigang Zhou, 2022. "Learning‐by‐doing: the experience effect in mergers and acquisitions," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 62(S1), pages 1189-1229, April.
    21. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Other publications TiSEM 9baa3ffc-67cb-4647-9da5-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    22. Aktas, Nihat & de Bodt, Eric & Roll, Richard, 2011. "Serial acquirer bidding: An empirical test of the learning hypothesis," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 18-32, February.

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