IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/spo/wpmain/infohdl2441-f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

L'avenir des retraites en France: Evalutation de l'impact des réformes de 1993 et de 2033 à l'aide du modèle de microsimulation Artémis

Author

Listed:
  • Anne-Gisèle Privat

Abstract

L'objectif de la thèse est de donner une mesure des conséquences à moyen et long terme de la réforme des retraites du secteur privé, à législation inchangée, et d'effectuer une analyse comparative des effets des réformes de 1993 et 2003 sur le niveau et les distributions des retraites futures à l'horizon 2030. A cette fin, nous construisons et utilisons un modèle de micro-simulation, le modèle Artèmis (analyse des retraites du secteur privé par micro-simulation), basé sur le fichier des assurés au régime général d'assurance vieillesse des travailleurs salariés (CNAV). Ce régime couvre les salariés du secteur privé, soit prés des deux tiers de la population active française. Cette thèse est organisée en deux grandes parties. Dans la première partie intitulée "microsimulation et retraites du régime général", nous présentons l'intérêt de la microsimulation pour l'étude des retraites du régime général sur le long terme, ainsi que les grandes caractéristiques de ce régime. La seconde partie sur "le modèle de microsimulation artémis et ses résultats" décrit le modèle, puis présente les simulations des retraites de droit propre à l'horizon 2030 et leur comparaison aux autres sources d'évaluation disponibles. Nous nous intéressons aux parcours des générations 1935 à 1970. Nous analysons les effets de ces réformes sur les dépenses totales, ainsi que leurs conséquences redistributives, en tenant compte des évolutions individuelles de carrière. En effet, la politique de retraire, comme toute politique sociale, repose sur des principes combinant efficacité économique et redistribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne-Gisèle Privat, 2005. "L'avenir des retraites en France: Evalutation de l'impact des réformes de 1993 et de 2033 à l'aide du modèle de microsimulation Artémis," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1u, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://spire.sciencespo.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4/resources/anne-gisele-privat-demo-2005.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abowd, John M. & Kramarz, Francis & Margolis, David N. & Troske, Kenneth R., 2001. "The Relative Importance of Employer and Employee Effects on Compensation: A Comparison of France and the United States," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 419-436, December.
    2. Feldstein, Martin, 1996. "The Missing Piece in Policy Analysis: Social Security Reform," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(2), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Verbeek, M.J.C.M. & Nijman, T.E., 1992. "Incomplete panels and selection bias : A survey," Discussion Paper 1992-7, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    4. Dekkers, Gijs J M & Nelissen, Jan H M & Verbon, Harrie A A, 1995. "Intergenerational Equity and Pension Reform: The Case of the Netherlands," Public Finance = Finances publiques, , vol. 50(2), pages 224-245.
    5. Arozamena, Leandro & Centeno, Mario, 2006. "Tenure, business cycle and the wage-setting process," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 401-424, February.
    6. Guido W. Imbens & Tony Lancaster, 1994. "Combining Micro and Macro Data in Microeconometric Models," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 61(4), pages 655-680.
    7. Gary Solon & Robert Barsky & Jonathan A. Parker, 1994. "Measuring the Cyclicality of Real Wages: How Important is Composition Bias?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 109(1), pages 1-25.
    8. Mitton,Lavinia & Sutherland,Holly & Weeks,Melvyn (ed.), 2000. "Microsimulation Modelling for Policy Analysis," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521790062.
    9. Jacob Mincer & Solomon Polachek, 1974. "Family Investments in Human Capital: Earnings of Women," NBER Chapters, in: Marriage, Family, Human Capital, and Fertility, pages 76-110, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Hausman, Jerry A & Taylor, William E, 1981. "Panel Data and Unobservable Individual Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(6), pages 1377-1398, November.
    11. Layard, Richard & Nickell, Stephen & Jackman, Richard, 2005. "Unemployment: Macroeconomic Performance and the Labour Market," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199279173, Decembrie.
    12. Valérie Chauvin & Gaël Dupont & Éric Heyer & Mathieu Plane & Xavier Timbeau, 2002. "Le modèle France de l'OFCE. La nouvelle version : e-mod.fr," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 81(2), pages 245-300.
    13. Dominique Goux & Éric Maurin, 1994. "Éducation, expérience et salaire," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 116(5), pages 155-178.
    14. Heckman, James, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
    15. Assar Lindbeck & Mats Persson, 2003. "The Gains from Pension Reform," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 41(1), pages 74-112, March.
    16. Disney, Richard, 2000. "Crises in Public Pension Programmes in OECD: What Are the Reform Options?," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 110(461), pages 1-23, February.
    17. Holly Sutherland, 1998. "Les modèles statiques de microsimulation en Europe dans les années 90," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 315(1), pages 35-50.
    18. Kessler, D. & Masson, A., 1994. "Redistribution et politique sociale: La double dimension de l'age et de la generation," Papers 94-23, Laval - Laboratoire Econometrie.
    19. Ch. GIANELLA, 2000. "Local unemployment and wages," Documents de Travail de l'Insee - INSEE Working Papers g2000-12, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques.
    20. Bils, Mark J, 1985. "Real Wages over the Business Cycle: Evidence from Panel Data," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 93(4), pages 666-689, August.
    21. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Age and Experience Profiles of Earnings," NBER Chapters, in: Schooling, Experience, and Earnings, pages 64-82, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    22. Nelissen, Jan H. M., 1998. "Annual versus lifetime income redistribution by social security," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(2), pages 223-249, May.
    23. Didier Blanchet & Florence Legros, 2002. "France: The Difficult Path to Consensual Reforms," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Pension Reform in Europe, pages 109-136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Robert Holzmann & Mitchell Orenstein & Michal Rutkowski, 2003. "Pension Reform in Europe : Process and Progress," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15132, December.
    25. Nelissen, Jan H. M. & Institute, Economic, 1999. "A Payable Alternative for the Dutch Old-Age Pension System," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 275-282, March.
    26. N. Anders Klevmarken, 1997. "Behavioral Modeling in Micro Simulation Models. A Survey," Working Paper Series 1997:31, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    27. Olivier Blanchard & Lawrence F. Katz, 1997. "What We Know and Do Not Know about the Natural Rate of Unemployment," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 11(1), pages 51-72, Winter.
    28. Dominique Meurs & Sophie Ponthieux, 2000. "Une mesure de la discrimination dans l'écart de salaire entre hommes et femmes," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 337(1), pages 135-158.
    29. Sargent, Thomas J, 1978. "Estimation of Dynamic Labor Demand Schedules under Rational Expectations," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(6), pages 1009-1044, December.
    30. Thierry Debrand & Sophie Pennec & Anne-Gisèle Privat, 2003. "Un modèle de microsimulation pour la projection des retraites du régime général," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(4), pages 215-230.
    31. Merz, Joachim, 1991. "Microsimulation -- A survey of principles, developments and applications," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 77-104, May.
    32. Xavier Joutard & Patrick Werquin, 1992. "Les déterminants individuels de la durée de chômage : de l'intérêt de distinguer les emplois stables des emplois précaires," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 102(1), pages 143-156.
    33. Madsen, Jakob B, 1998. "New Keynesian versus New Classical Theories of Aggregate Supply: Evidence from the OECD Countries," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 45(3), pages 273-293, August.
    34. repec:cai:popine:popu_p1993_48n3_0682 is not listed on IDEAS
    35. Lawrence F. Katz & Olivier Blanchard, 1999. "Wage Dynamics: Reconciling Theory and Evidence," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(2), pages 69-74, May.
    36. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/3968 is not listed on IDEAS
    37. Carole Bonnet & Ronan Mahieu, 2000. "Taux de rendement interne par génération des régimes obligatoires de retraite. Calcul à l'aide d'un modèle de microsimulation dynamique," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(1), pages 77-95.
    38. Katharine G. Abraham & John C. Haltiwanger, 1995. "Real Wages and the Business Cycle," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 1215-1264, September.
    39. Topel, Robert H, 1991. "Specific Capital, Mobility, and Wages: Wages Rise with Job Seniority," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(1), pages 145-176, February.
    40. Sumner, Scott & Silver, Stephen, 1989. "Real Wages, Employment, and the Phillips Curve," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(3), pages 706-720, June.
    41. Jean-Marc Dupuis & Claire El Moudden, 2002. "Economie des retraites," Post-Print halshs-00076649, HAL.
    42. Heckman, James J, 1974. "Shadow Prices, Market Wages, and Labor Supply," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 42(4), pages 679-694, July.
    43. Stéfan Lollivier, 1994. "L'évolution du marché du travail dans les années quatre-vingt," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 45(3), pages 429-441.
    44. Beaudry, Paul & DiNardo, John, 1991. "The Effect of Implicit Contracts on the Movement of Wages over the Business Cycle: Evidence from Micro Data," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(4), pages 665-688, August.
    45. repec:adr:anecst:y:1992:i:27:p:06 is not listed on IDEAS
    46. Michel Barge & Jean-François Payen, 1981. "Vieillissement et salaire : une optique individuelle," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 139(1), pages 3-16.
    47. Stock, James H & Wise, David A, 1990. "Pensions, the Option Value of Work, and Retirement," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 58(5), pages 1151-1180, September.
    48. Bell, Brian & Nickell, Stephen & Quintini, Glenda, 2002. "Wage equations, wage curves and all that," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 341-360, July.
    49. Didier Blanchet & Louis-Paul Pele, 1999. "Social Security and Retirement in France," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security and Retirement around the World, pages 101-133, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    50. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling and Earnings," NBER Chapters, in: Schooling, Experience, and Earnings, pages 41-63, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    51. Jakob B. Madsen, 1998. "New Keynesian Versus New Classical Theories of Aggregate Supply: Evidence from the Oecd Countries," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 45(3), pages 273-293, August.
    52. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling, Experience, and Earnings," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number minc74-1, March.
    53. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/1631 is not listed on IDEAS
    54. Thierry Debrand & Anne-Gisèle Privat, 2004. "Salaires individuels et évolutions macroéconomiques en France," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 89(2), pages 271-301.
    55. François Legendre, 2004. "Micro-simulation et évaluation des politiques économiques et sociale : un panorama des développements récents en France," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 114(1), pages 17-53.
    56. Jovanovic, Boyan, 1979. "Firm-specific Capital and Turnover," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 87(6), pages 1246-1260, December.
    57. Didier Blanchet & Sophie Pennée, 1996. "Hausse de l'activité féminine : quels liens avec l'évolution de la fécondité ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 300(1), pages 95-104.
    58. Emmanuelle Walraet & Béatrice Sédillot & José Bardaji, 2003. "Un outil de prospective des retraites : le modèle de microsimulation Destinie," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 160(4), pages 193-213.
    59. Atkinson, Anthony B & Micklewright, John, 1991. "Unemployment Compensation and Labor Market Transitions: A Critical Review," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 29(4), pages 1679-1727, December.
    60. Shapiro, Carl & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1984. "Equilibrium Unemployment as a Worker Discipline Device," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 74(3), pages 433-444, June.
    61. Didier Blanchet & Jean-Marie Chanut, 1998. "Les retraites individuelles à long terme : une projection par microsimulation," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 315(1), pages 95-106.
    62. Didier Blanchet, 1995. "Equité, efficacité et fonctions assurantielles de la retraite et de la préretraite," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(3), pages 993-1002.
    63. Christian Baudelot & Michel Gollac, 1997. "Le salaire du trentenaire : question d'âge ou de génération ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 304(1), pages 17-35.
    64. Laurent Toulemon & Magali Mazuy, 2001. "Cinq projections de fécondité fondées sur une hypothèse de stabilité des comportements," Population (french edition), Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED), vol. 56(4), pages 647-656.
    65. Christian Baudelot & Michel Glaude, 1989. "Les diplômes se dévaluent-ils en se multipliant ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 225(1), pages 3-16.
    66. Laurent Caussat, 1996. "Retraite et correction des aléas de carrière," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 291(1), pages 185-201.
    67. Moulton, Brent R, 1990. "An Illustration of a Pitfall in Estimating the Effects of Aggregate Variables on Micro Unit," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 72(2), pages 334-338, May.
    68. Yves Guillotin & Patrick Sevestre, 1994. "Estimations de fonctions de gains sur données de panel : endogéneité du capital humain et effets de la sélection," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 116(5), pages 119-135.
    69. Martin Feldstein & Horst Siebert, 2002. "Social Security Pension Reform in Europe," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number feld02-2, March.
    70. Geary, Patrick T & Kennan, John, 1982. "The Employment-Real Wage Relationship: An International Study," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 90(4), pages 854-871, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Thierry Debrand & Sophie Pennec & Anne-Gisèle Privat, 2003. "Un modèle de microsimulation pour la projection des retraites du régime général," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(4), pages 215-230.
    5. Víctor M. Montuenga‐Gómez & José M. Ramos‐Parreño, 2005. "Reconciling the Wage Curve and the Phillips Curve," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(5), pages 735-765, December.
    6. Pedro Portugal & Anabela Carneiro, 2004. "Workers' Flows and Real Wage Cyclicality," Working Papers w200409, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    7. Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2005. "The Last Word on the Wage Curve?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(3), pages 421-450, July.
    8. Jens Suedekum, 2005. "Increasing returns and spatial unemployment disparities," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 84(2), pages 159-181, June.
    9. Erica L. Groshen & Mark E. Schweitzer, 1996. "Macro- and microeconomic consequences of wage rigidity," Working Papers (Old Series) 9607, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    10. repec:eee:labchp:v:3:y:1999:i:pb:p:2291-2372 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Roland A. Amann & Tobias J. Klein, 2012. "Returns to type or tenure?," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 175(1), pages 153-166, January.
    12. Gary Solon & Robert Barsky & Jonathan A. Parker, 1994. "Measuring the Cyclicality of Real Wages: How Important is Composition Bias?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 109(1), pages 1-25.
    13. Polachek, Solomon W., 2008. "Earnings Over the Life Cycle: The Mincer Earnings Function and Its Applications," Foundations and Trends(R) in Microeconomics, now publishers, vol. 4(3), pages 165-272, April.
    14. Arozamena, Leandro & Centeno, Mario, 2006. "Tenure, business cycle and the wage-setting process," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 401-424, February.
    15. Charles A. Fleischman, 1999. "The causes of business cycles and the cyclicality of real wages," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1999-53, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    16. Ulrich Woitek, 2004. "Real Wages and Business Cycle Asymmetries," CESifo Working Paper Series 1206, CESifo.
    17. Basu, S. & House, C.L., 2016. "Allocative and Remitted Wages," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 297-354, Elsevier.
    18. López Enciso, Enrique & Ramírez Giraldo, María Teresa (ed.), 2011. "Formación de precios y salarios en Colombia T.2," Books, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, volume 2, number 2011b-04, December.
    19. Christophe J. Nordman & François Roubaud, 2009. "Reassessing the Gender Wage Gap in Madagascar: Does Labor Force Attachment Really Matter?," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 57(4), pages 785-808, July.
    20. Karine Briard, 2009. "Un modèle de carrières types dynamiques pondérées pour le régime général d’assurance vieillesse : une application aux conséquences de la réforme de 2003," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 187(1), pages 47-64.
    21. Thierry Lallemand & Robert Plasman & François Rycx, 2007. "The establishment-size wage premium: evidence from European countries," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 34(5), pages 427-451, December.
    22. Serge Atherwood & Corey S Sparks, 2019. "Early-career trajectories of young workers in the U.S. in the context of the 2008–09 recession: The effect of labor market entry timing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-30, March.
    23. Lili Kang & Fei Peng, 2017. "Wage flexibility in the Chinese labour market, 1989–2009," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(4), pages 616-628, April.
    24. Magda Kandil, 2010. "Demand shocks and the cyclical behavior of the real wage: Some international evidence," Journal of Applied Economics, Universidad del CEMA, vol. 13, pages 135-158, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat214kj4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Spire @ Sciences Po Library (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ecspofr.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.