IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i6p3423-d520475.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts of Farmers Markets: Recent Evidence from the US

Author

Listed:
  • Phillip Warsaw

    (Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA)

  • Steven Archambault

    (Department of Agribusiness and Food Industry Management, Cal Poly Pomona University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA)

  • Arden He

    (Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA)

  • Stacy Miller

    (Good Phyte Foods, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA)

Abstract

Farmers markets are regular, recurring gatherings at a common facility or area where farmers and ranchers directly sell a variety of fresh fruits, vegetables, and other locally grown farm products to consumers. Markets rebuild and maintain local and regional food systems, leading to an outsized impact on the food system relative to their share of produce sales. Previous research has demonstrated the multifaceted impacts that farmers markets have on the communities, particularly economically. Recent scholarship in the United States has expanded inquiry into social impacts that markets have on communities, including improving access to fresh food products and increasing awareness of the sustainable agricultural practices adopted by producers, as well developing tools for producers and market stakeholders to measure their impact on both producers and communities. This paper reviews the recent scholarship on farmers markets to identify recent trends and synthesizes the current evidence describing the ways in which farmers markets contribute to the wellbeing of their communities, as well as identifying areas for additional future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Phillip Warsaw & Steven Archambault & Arden He & Stacy Miller, 2021. "The Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts of Farmers Markets: Recent Evidence from the US," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3423-:d:520475
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3423/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3423/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gale, Fred, 1997. "Direct Farm Marketing as a Rural Development Tool," Rural America/ Rural Development Perspectives, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 12(2), February.
    2. Govindasamy, Ramu & Hossain, Ferdaus & Adelaja, Adesoji, 1999. "Income of Farmers Who Use Direct Marketing," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(1), pages 76-83, April.
    3. Julie Rice, 2015. "Privilege and exclusion at the farmers market: findings from a survey of shoppers," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 32(1), pages 21-29, March.
    4. Low, Sarah A. & Vogel, Stephen J., 2011. "Direct and Intermediated Marketing of Local Foods in the United States," Economic Research Report 118025, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    5. Steven Schnell, 2013. "Food miles, local eating, and community supported agriculture: putting local food in its place," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 30(4), pages 615-628, December.
    6. Nathan McClintock, 2018. "Cultivating (a) Sustainability Capital: Urban Agriculture, Ecogentrification, and the Uneven Valorization of Social Reproduction," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 108(2), pages 579-590, March.
    7. Cheryl Brown & Stacy Miller, 2008. "The Impacts of Local Markets: A Review of Research on Farmers Markets and Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 90(5), pages 1298-1302.
    8. Leischow, S.J. & Milstein, B., 2006. "Systems thinking and modeling for public health practice," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(3), pages 403-405.
    9. Theresa Varner & Daniel Otto, 2008. "Factors Affecting Sales at Farmers' Markets: An Iowa Study," Review of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 30(1), pages 176-189.
    10. María Jesús Barroso-Méndez & Clementina Galera-Casquet & Víctor Valero-Amaro, 2016. "The importance of relationship learning in private-non-profit partnerships: precursors and outcomes," International Journal of Innovation and Learning, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 19(2), pages 169-187.
    11. Tropp, Debra & Barham, James, 2008. "National Farmers Market Summit Proceedings Report," Research Reports 148269, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and Marketing Program.
    12. Henneberry, Shida Rastegari & Taylor, Merritt J. & Whitacre, Brian E. & Agustini, Haerani N. & Mutondo, Joao E. & Roberts, Warren, 2008. "The Economic Impacts of Direct Produce Marketing: A Case Study of Oklahoma's Famers' Markets," 2008 Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2008, Dallas, Texas 6785, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    13. Elisa Giampietri & Dieter B. A. Koemle & Xiaohua Yu & Adele Finco, 2016. "Consumers’ Sense of Farmers’ Markets: Tasting Sustainability or Just Purchasing Food?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-14, November.
    14. Steven C. Deller & David Lamie & Maureen Stickel, 2017. "Local foods systems and community economic development," Community Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(5), pages 612-638, October.
    15. Hawe, Penelope & Shiell, Alan, 2000. "Social capital and health promotion: a review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 51(6), pages 871-885, September.
    16. Trochim, W.M. & Cabrera, D.A. & Milstein, B. & Gallagher, R.S. & Leischow, S.J., 2006. "Practical challenges of systems thinking and modeling in public health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(3), pages 538-546.
    17. Dawn Thilmany & Craig A. Bond & Jennifer K. Bond, 2008. "Going Local: Exploring Consumer Behavior and Motivations for Direct Food Purchases," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 90(5), pages 1303-1309.
    18. Detre, Joshua D. & Mark, Tyler B. & Clark, Benjamin M., 2010. "Understanding Why College-Educated Millennials Shop at Farmers Markets: An Analysis of Students at Louisiana State University," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 41(3), pages 1-11, November.
    19. Martinez, Stephen W. & Hand, Michael S. & Da Pra, Michelle & Pollack, Susan L. & Ralston, Katherine L. & Smith, Travis A. & Vogel, Stephen J. & Clark, Shellye & Lohr, Luanne & Low, Sarah A. & Newman, , 2010. "Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues," Economic Research Report 96635, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
      • Martinez, Steve & Hand, Michael & Da Pra, Michelle & Pollack, Susan & Ralston, Katherine & Smith, Travis & Vogel, Stephen & Clarke, Shellye & Lohr, Luanne & Low, Sarah & Newman, Constance, 2010. "Local food systems: concepts, impacts, and issues," MPRA Paper 24313, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Theresa Varner & Daniel Otto, 2008. "Factors Affecting Sales at Farmers' Markets: An Iowa Study," Review of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 30(1), pages 176-189.
    21. Todd M. Schmit & Becca B. R. Jablonski & Yuri Mansury, 2016. "Assessing the Economic Impacts of Local Food System Producers by Scale," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 30(4), pages 316-328, November.
    22. Alison Hope Alkon & Josh Cadji, 2020. "Sowing Seeds of Displacement: Gentrification and Food Justice in Oakland, CA," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(1), pages 108-123, January.
    23. Phillip Warsaw & Daniel J. Phaneuf, 2019. "The Implicit Price of Food Access in an Urban Area: Evidence from Milwaukee Property Markets," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 95(4), pages 515-530.
    24. Payne, Tim, 2002. "U.S. Farmers' Markets 2000: A Study Of Emerging Trends," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 33(1), pages 1-3, March.
    25. Tropp, Debra & Barham, James, 2008. "National Farmers Market Summit Proceedings Report," Research Reports 161205, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and Marketing Program.
    26. repec:cup:jagaec:v:40:y:2008:i:1:p:253-265_5 is not listed on IDEAS
    27. Hughes, David W. & Brown, Cheryl & Miller, Stacy & McConnell, Tom, 2008. "Evaluating the Economic Impact of Farmers' Markets Using an Opportunity Cost Framework," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 40(1), pages 253-265, April.
    28. Herman, D.R. & Harrison, G.G. & Afifi, A.A. & Jenks, E., 2008. "Effect of a targeted subsidy on intake of fruits and vegetables among low-income women in the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(1), pages 98-105.
    29. Hughes, David W. & Isengildina-Massa, Olga, 2015. "The economic impact of farmers’ markets and a state level locally grown campaign," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 78-84.
    30. Wolf, Marianne McGarry & Spittler, Arianne & Ahern, James, 2005. "A Profile of Farmers' Market Consumers and the Perceived Advantages of Produce Sold at Farmers' Markets," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 36(1), pages 1-10, March.
    31. David Conner & Kathryn Colasanti & R. Brent Ross & Susan B. Smalley, 2010. "Locally Grown Foods and Farmers Markets: Consumer Attitudes and Behaviors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-15, March.
    32. Martin, Katie S & Rogers, Beatrice L & Cook, John T & Joseph, Hugh M, 2004. "Social capital is associated with decreased risk of hunger," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 58(12), pages 2645-2654, June.
    33. Alison Alkon, 2008. "From value to values: sustainable consumption at farmers markets," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 25(4), pages 487-498, December.
    34. Lev, Larry & Gwin, Lauren, 2010. "Filling in the Gaps: Eight Things to Recognize about Farm-Direct Marketing," Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm, and Resource Issues, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 25(1), pages 1-6.
    35. Ragland, Edward & Tropp, Debra, 2009. "USDA National Farmers Market Manager Survey, 2006," Research Reports 147043, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and Marketing Program.
    36. Joshua D. Detre & Tyler B. Mark & Ashok K. Mishra & Arun Adhikari, 2011. "Linkage between direct marketing and farm income: a double‐hurdle approach," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 19-33, Winter.
    37. Steven Van Passel, 2013. "Food miles to assess sustainability: A revision," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(1), pages 1-17, January.
    38. Low, Sarah A. & Adalja, Aaron & Beaulieu, Elizabeth & Key, Nigel & Martinez, Stephen & Melton, Alex & Perez, Agnes & Ralston, Katherine & Stewart, Hayden & Suttles, Shellye & Vogel, Stephen & Jablonsk, 2015. "Trends in U.S. Local and Regional Food Systems: Report to Congress," Administrative Publications 292107, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zinette Bergman & Manfred Max Bergman, 2022. "Toward Sustainable Communities: A Case Study of the Eastern Market in Detroit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Alia DeLong & Marilyn E. Swisher & Carlene A. Chase & Tracy Irani & Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar, 2023. "The Roots of First-Generation Farmers: The Role of Inspiration in Starting an Organic Farm," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-20, June.
    3. Jordana Fuchs-Chesney & Subhashni Raj & Tishtar Daruwalla & Catherine Brinkley, 2023. "All roads lead to the farmers market?: using network analysis to measure the orientation and central actors in a community food system through a case comparison of Yolo and Sacramento County, Californ," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 40(1), pages 157-173, March.
    4. Richael Connolly & Joe Bogue & Lana Repar, 2022. "Farmers’ Markets as Resilient Alternative Market Structures in a Sustainable Global Food System: A Small Firm Growth Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    5. Lushi Isuf & Çera Gentjan & Murrja Arif & Ujkani Sead, 2023. "Linking Farmers’ Bargaining Power in Trade to their Plans for Future Economic Activities," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 18(2), pages 173-185, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Enthoven, Laura & Van den Broeck, Goedele, 2021. "Local food systems: Reviewing two decades of research," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    2. Murakami, Tomoaki & Nakajima, Shinsaku & Takahashi, Taro & Nishihara, Yukinaga & Imai, Asako & Kikushima, Ryousuke & Sato, Takeshi, 2014. "Spatially Varying Impacts of Farmers Markets on Agricultural Land Use," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 170668, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Brian Lee & Jhih‐Yun Liu & Hung‐Hao Chang, 2020. "The choice of marketing channel and farm profitability: Empirical evidence from small farmers," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(3), pages 402-421, June.
    4. Marilyn Sitaker & Jane Kolodinsky & Weiwei Wang & Lisa C. Chase & Julia Van Soelen Kim & Diane Smith & Hans Estrin & Zoe Van Vlaanderen & Lauren Greco, 2020. "Evaluation of Farm Fresh Food Boxes: A Hybrid Alternative Food Network Market Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-25, December.
    5. Yeong Sheng Tey & Poppy Arsil & Mark Brindal & Chi Teen Teoh & Han Wei Lim, 2017. "Motivations Underlying Consumers’ Preference for Farmers’ Markets in Klang Valley: A Means-End Chain Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-13, October.
    6. Zsófia Benedek & Imre Fertő & Viktória Szente, 2020. "The Multiplier Effects of Food Relocalization: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, April.
    7. Zinette Bergman & Manfred Max Bergman, 2022. "Toward Sustainable Communities: A Case Study of the Eastern Market in Detroit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, April.
    8. Gupta, Clare & Jablonski, Becca B.R., 2016. "Farm Impacts of Farm-to-Grocer Sales: The Case of Hawai’i," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 47(3), pages 1-23, November.
    9. Demko, Iryna & Plakias, Zoe & Katchova, Ani, "undated". "How do farmers compose their portfolio of local food marketing channels?," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 259931, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    10. Bi-Kun Tsai, 2019. "Determinants of Consumers’ Retention and Subjective Well-Being: A Sustainable Farmers’ Market Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Onyango, Benjamin & Govindasamy, Ramu & Alsup-Egbers, Clydette Michelle, 2015. "Uncovering Success Attributes for Direct Farmers’ Markets and Agri-Tourism in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 18(2), pages 1-16, May.
    12. Stewart, Hayden & Dong, Diansheng, 2018. "How strong is the demand for food through direct-to-consumer outlets?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 35-43.
    13. Eduardo Malagon-Zaldua & Mirene Begiristain-Zubillaga & Aintzira Onederra-Aramendi, 2018. "Measuring the Economic Impact of Farmers’ Markets on Local Economies in the Basque Country," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-14, January.
    14. Chao-Jung R. Chen & Tun-Hsiang Edward Yu & Rachel J. C. Fu, 2021. "Strategic Management for Community-Based Markets: From Consumers’ Perspectives and Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-18, May.
    15. Schmit, T.M. & Gómez, M.I., 2011. "Developing viable farmers markets in rural communities: An investigation of vendor performance using objective and subjective valuations," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 119-127, April.
    16. Hughes, David W. & Isengildina-Massa, Olga, 2015. "The economic impact of farmers’ markets and a state level locally grown campaign," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 78-84.
    17. Bignell, Wesley, 2011. "Comparing Locally Oriented and Mainstream Farming: Observations from the Oregon Blueberry Industry," Western Economics Forum, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 10(2), pages 1-9.
    18. Rawaa Laajimi & Laurence Delattre & Hubert Jayet, 2024. "What demand and supply forces determine the location of off-farm points of sale in short food supply chains: Evidence from Nord and Pas-de-Calais, France," French Stata Users' Group Meetings 2024 25, Stata Users Group.
    19. Becca B.R. Jablonski & Allison Bauman & Dawn Thilmany, 2021. "Local Food Market Orientation and Labor Intensity," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(3), pages 916-934, September.
    20. Justin L. Schupp, 2016. "Just where does local food live? Assessing farmers’ markets in the United States," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 33(4), pages 827-841, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3423-:d:520475. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.