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The Impact of the Indonesian Health Card Program: A Matching Estimator Approach

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  • Meliyanni Johar

    (School of Economics, The University of New South Wales)

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a pro-poor nation-wide health card program in Indonesia which provides free basic health care at public health facilities. To quantify the effect of the program, it departs from the traditional regression-based approach in the literature to employ propensity score matching to reduce the selection bias due to non-random health card distribution. The setting of the program and the richness of the data set support this strategy in providing accurate estimates of the program’s effect on its recipients. The result finds that in general the health card program only has limited impact on the consumption of primary health care by its recipients. This finding suggests the presence of other factors that are counteracting the generous demand incentive.

Suggested Citation

  • Meliyanni Johar, 2007. "The Impact of the Indonesian Health Card Program: A Matching Estimator Approach," Discussion Papers 2007-30, School of Economics, The University of New South Wales.
    • Handle: RePEc:swe:wpaper:2007-30
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    3. Landiyanto, Erlangga Agustino, 2009. "The Impact of Health Card Program on Access to Reproductive Health Services: An Indonesian Experience," MPRA Paper 38856, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Darius Erlangga & Shehzad Ali & Karen Bloor, 2019. "The impact of public health insurance on healthcare utilisation in Indonesia: evidence from panel data," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(4), pages 603-613, May.
    5. repec:agg:journl:3587 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Johar, Meliyanni, 2010. "The effect of a public health card program on the supply of health care," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(10), pages 1527-1535, May.
    7. Pangaribowo, Evita Hanie, 2012. "The Impact of ‘Rice for the Poor’ on Household Consumption," 2012 Conference (56th), February 7-10, 2012, Fremantle, Australia 124358, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    8. Dan Liu & Daniel Tsegai & David Litaker & Joachim Braun, 2015. "Under regional characteristics of rural China: a clearer view on the performance of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 407-431, December.
    9. Salaheddine El Omari & Mahmoud Karasneh, 2021. "Social health insurance in the Philippines: do the poor really benefit?," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 45(1), pages 171-187, January.
    10. Walter Locatelli & Angela Testi & Filippo Ansaldi & Marta Giachello & Cinzia Panero & Valentino Tisa & Cecilia Trucchi, 2019. "Governance delle reti sanitarie: i Dipartimenti Inter-Aziendali Regionali (DIAR) nel nuovo sistema sanitario ligure," MECOSAN, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2019(109), pages 57-81.
    11. Liu, Dan & Tsegai, Daniel W., 2011. "The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) and its implications for access to health care and medical expenditure: Evidence from rural China," Discussion Papers 116746, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    12. Marco Sanfilippo & Bruno Martorano & Chris De Neubourg, 2012. "The Impact of Social Protection on Children: A review of the literature," Papers inwopa666, Innocenti Working Papers.
    13. Abayomi Samuel Oyekale, 2023. "Effect of Health Insurance Uptake on Hesitancy toward COVID-19 Vaccines in Nigeria: A Recursive Bivariate Probit and Decomposition Estimation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.
    14. Cuong Viet Nguyen, 2012. "The Impact Of Voluntary Health Insurance On Health Care Utilization And Out‐Of‐Pocket Payments: New Evidence For Vietnam," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(8), pages 946-966, August.
    15. Astrid Kiil, 2012. "Does employment-based private health insurance increase the use of covered health care services? A matching estimator approach," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-38, March.
    16. Pangaribowo, Evita Hanie, 2012. "Heterogenous Impact of ‘Rice for the Poor’ Program in Indonesia," 86th Annual Conference, April 16-18, 2012, Warwick University, Coventry, UK 134755, Agricultural Economics Society.
    17. Chu, Xueling & Chen, Qihui & Fang, Xiangming, 2013. "Can National Health Insurance Programs Improve Health Outcomes?—Re-Examining the Case of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme in Rural China," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150488, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    18. Enami, Ali, 2016. "Determinants of Child Mortality in Africa: A Methodological Discussion," MPRA Paper 68671, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Noemi Kreif & Andrew Mirelman & Rodrigo Moreno-Serra & Taufik Hidayat, & Karla DiazOrdaz & Marc Suhrcke, 2020. "Who benefits from health insurance? Uncovering heterogeneous policy impacts using causal machine learning," Working Papers 173cherp, Centre for Health Economics, University of York.
    20. Riska Dwi Astuti & Rindang Nuri Isnaini Nugrohowati, 2022. "Impact evaluation of subsidized health insurance programs on utilization of healthcare facilities: evidence from Indonesia," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 315-331, September.
    21. Samarakoon, Shanika & Parinduri, Rasyad, 2015. "Social health insurance improves women’s healthcare use: Evidence from Indonesia," MPRA Paper 61504, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Impact evaluation; health sector reform; Indonesia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health

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