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Unexploited Gains from International Diversification: Patterns of Portfolio Holdings Around the World

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  • Tatiana Didier
  • Roberto Rigobon
  • Sergio L. Schmukler

Abstract

This paper studies how portfolios with a global investment scope are actually allocated internationally using a unique micro dataset on U.S. equity mutual funds. While mutual funds have great flexibility to invest globally, they invest in a surprisingly limited number of stocks, around 100. The number of holdings in stocks and countries from a given region declines as the investment scope of funds broadens. This restrictive investment practice has costs. A mean-variance strategy shows unexploited gains from further international diversification. Mutual funds investing globally could achieve better risk-adjusted returns by broadening their asset allocation, including stocks held by more specialized funds within the same mutual fund family (company). This investment pattern is not explained by lack of information or instruments, transaction costs, or a better ability of global funds to minimize negative outcomes. Instead, industry practices related to organizational factors seem to play an important role.

Suggested Citation

  • Tatiana Didier & Roberto Rigobon & Sergio L. Schmukler, 2010. "Unexploited Gains from International Diversification: Patterns of Portfolio Holdings Around the World," NBER Working Papers 16629, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:16629
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    JEL classification:

    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • L20 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - General

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