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Transmisión eléctrica y la “ley corta”: por qué licitar es (mucho) mejor que regular (Electricity transmission and the short law: why offering for tender is [much] better than regulation)

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  • Alexander Galetovic
  • Juan Ricardo Inostroza

Abstract

Existen a lo menos dos procedimientos para fijar los peajes que deben pagar los usuarios de líneas de transmisión. Uno consiste en regularlos en un proceso estándar. El otro, adjudicar las líneas en licitaciones competitivas por menor peaje. En este trabajo mostramos que los peajes esperados son inambiguamente menores si las líneas se licitan. Las licitaciones dominan a la regulación por tres razones: primero, la competencia garantiza peajes esperados más bajos; segundo, la licitación aumenta el poder de negociación del regulador; tercero, si como en Argentina, se permite que los beneficiarios del proyecto de transmisión participen en la licitación, éstos pueden inducir una competencia aún más intensa. Usamos nuestro modelo para analizar la licitación de la cuarta línea del Comahue en Argentina. Mostramos que, de haberse regulado, el peaje hubiera sido a lo menos 61% más alto. La versión de la ley corta actualmente en el Congreso mejora sustantivamente el proyecto original de mayo de 2002 porque adopta la licitación por menor canon para expansiones del sistema. Sin embargo, no lo adopta para ampliaciones de instalaciones existentes. Si se persiste en esta distinción, es conveniente limitar las ampliaciones únicamente a proyectos muy pequeños.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander Galetovic & Juan Ricardo Inostroza, 2004. "Transmisión eléctrica y la “ley corta”: por qué licitar es (mucho) mejor que regular (Electricity transmission and the short law: why offering for tender is [much] better than regulation)," Documentos de Trabajo 177, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile.
  • Handle: RePEc:edj:ceauch:177
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    References listed on IDEAS

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