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CRECIMIENTO, COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL E INSTITUCIONES: Reflexiones a Raíz de las Negociaciones TLC-ALCA

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  • Sergio Clavijo

Abstract

Las discusiones TLC-ALCA hacen pertinente revisar los problemas de crecimiento, apertura y consolidación institucional en Colombia. Dichas negociaciones trascienden los temas arancelarios e incluyen derechos de propiedad y organización institucional. El crecimiento del ingreso real per-capita de América Latina presenta un rezago abismal respecto al del Sudeste Asiático (1,5% vs. 4,8% anual durante 1965-2004), agravándose durante el periodo post-crisis 1997-2004. Mientras Asia ha duplicado su ingreso per-capita cada quince años, América Latina ha tenido que esperar casi medio siglo y Colombia cerca de 40 años. Las negociaciones TLC-ALCA posibilitan modernizar nuestra economía y mejorar la organización institucional. Ningún país en vías en desarrollo ha logrado consolidar su crecimiento sin volcarse sobre el mercado externo. Para sostener el camino de desarrollo no existe formula diferente a la de aplicar buenas políticas económicas: baja inflación, tasas de cambio flexibles, un buen régimen tributario (con adecuada progresividad social), descentralización fiscal. Esto se verá reforzado a medida que se mejore la organización Estatal y es aquí donde las negociaciones internacionales deben constituirse en un buen “anclaje” institucional.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Clavijo, 2004. "CRECIMIENTO, COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL E INSTITUCIONES: Reflexiones a Raíz de las Negociaciones TLC-ALCA," Borradores de Economia 2232, Banco de la Republica.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:002232
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    Cited by:

    1. Clara Patricia Martín & Juan Mauricio Ramírez, 2005. "Impacto economíco de un acuerdo parcial de libre comercio entre Colombia y Estados Unidos," Documentos de Investigación 2811, Cepal Naciones Unidas.
    2. World Bank, 2005. "Colombia : Country Economic Memorandum, The Foundations for Competitiveness," World Bank Publications - Reports 8807, The World Bank Group.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crecimiento y Apertura;

    JEL classification:

    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies

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