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To attend or not to attend: Examining the relationship between food hardship, school attendance and education expenditure

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  • Martey, Edward
  • Etwire, Prince M.
  • Atinga, David

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between food hardship, school attendance, and education expenditure using nationally representative data from a survey of 14,009 households in Ghana. After controlling for household, and geographical characteristics and using a standard instrumental variable approach to control for unobservable characteristics, we find a statistically significant negative relationship between food hardship and the number of children attending secondary, private, public, technical and vocational school, and expenditure on education. A differential analysis based on welfare stratification indicates a statistically significant positive relationship between food hardship and male children attending school, and the number of children attending private school for those in high-income households.

Suggested Citation

  • Martey, Edward & Etwire, Prince M. & Atinga, David, 2021. "To attend or not to attend: Examining the relationship between food hardship, school attendance and education expenditure," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:80:y:2021:i:c:s0738059320304636
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2020.102304
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    Cited by:

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Food hardship; School attendance; Education expenditure; Instrumental variable;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy
    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • C36 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation

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