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Public R&D Investments and Private-sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Dirk Bergemann & Marco Ottaviani, 2021. "Information Markets and Nonmarkets," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2296, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
  2. Bottai, Carlo & de Rassenfosse, Gaétan & Raiteri, Emilio, 2025. "A new approach to measuring invention commercialization: An application to the SBIR program," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(9).
  3. RENTOCCHINI Francesco & VEZZANI Antonio & MONTRESOR Sandro, 2024. "Walking the Green Line: Government Sponsored R&D and Clean Technologies," JRC Working Papers on Corporate R&D and Innovation 2023-01, Joint Research Centre.
  4. Ionescu, Romeo-Victor & Zlati, Monica Laura & Antohi, Valentin Marian, 2021. "European union's regions between cohesion and sustainability," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
  5. Anna Stansbury & Dan Turner & Ed Balls, 2023. "Tackling the UK’s regional economic inequality: binding constraints and avenues for policy intervention," Contemporary Social Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3-4), pages 318-356, August.
  6. Marco Ottaviani, 2020. "Grantmaking," Working Papers 672, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University.
  7. Benjamin F. Jones & Lawrence H. Summers, 2020. "A Calculation of the Social Returns to Innovation," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation and Public Policy, pages 13-59, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  8. Bryan, Kevin A. & Ozcan, Yasin & Sampat, Bhaven, 2020. "In-text patent citations: A user's guide," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(4).
  9. Antoine Dechezleprêtre & Elias Einiö & Ralf Martin & Kieu-Trang Nguyen & John Van Reenen, 2016. "Do tax Incentives for Research Increase Firm Innovation? An RD Design for R&D," NBER Working Papers 22405, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  10. Yaqub, Ohid & Coburn, Josie & Moore, Duncan A.Q., 2023. "Knowledge spillovers from HIV research-funding," SocArXiv gcuhn, Center for Open Science.
  11. Ayoubi, Charles & Pezzoni, Michele & Visentin, Fabiana, 2019. "The important thing is not to win, it is to take part: What if scientists benefit from participating in research grant competitions?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 84-97.
  12. Alexander M Danzer & Natalia Danzer & Carsten Feuerbaum, 2024. "Military spending and innovation: learning from 19th-century world fair exhibition data," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 33(4), pages 831-854.
  13. Yang, Bingyan & Liu, Ruiming & Liu, Chuanbin & Shi, Yang, 2025. "Publish or perish: Up-or-out rules and research performance of universities," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  14. John Van Reenen, 2022. "Innovation and Human Capital Policy," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation and Public Policy, pages 61-83, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  15. Mark Pauly & Kyle Myers, 2016. "A Ricardian-Demand Explanation for Changing Pharmaceutical R&D Productivity," NBER Working Papers 22720, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  16. Li, Meiling & Wang, Yang & Du, Haifeng & Bai, Aruhan, 2024. "Motivating innovation: The impact of prestigious talent funding on junior scientists," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(9).
  17. Nicholas Bloom & John Van Reenen & Heidi Williams, 2019. "A Toolkit of Policies to Promote Innovation," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 163-184, Summer.
  18. Chiappinelli, Olga & Giuffrida, Leonardo M. & Spagnolo, Giancarlo, 2025. "Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand?," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
  19. Martin Beraja & David Y Yang & Noam Yuchtman, 2023. "Data-intensive Innovation and the State: Evidence from AI Firms in China," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 90(4), pages 1701-1723.
  20. Gulzar, Saad & Ladino, Juan Felipe & Mehmood, Muhammad Zia & Rogger, Daniel, 2025. "Command and Can’t Control : Assessing Centralized Accountability in the Public Sector," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11200, The World Bank.
  21. Daniel Crown & Alessandra Faggian, 2019. "Naturalization and the productivity of foreign-born doctorates," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 533-556, December.
  22. Antonin Bergeaud & Arthur Guillouzouic & Emeric Henry & Clement Malgouyres, 2022. "From public labs to private firms: magnitude and channels of R&D spillovers," POID Working Papers 041, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
  23. Thomas H. W. Ziesemer, 2021. "The Effects of R&D Subsidies and Publicly Performed R&D on Business R&D: A Survey," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 236(1), pages 171-205, March.
  24. Yaqub, Ohid & Coburn, Josie & Moore, Duncan A.Q., 2024. "Research-targeting, spillovers, and the direction of science: Evidence from HIV research-funding," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(8).
  25. Huseyin Emre Sayici & Mehmet Fatih Ulu, 2023. "Economic Effects of R&D Supports," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 2308, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
  26. Perlin, Marcelo & Borenstein, Denis & Imasato, Takeyoshi & Reichert, Marcos, 2024. "The determinants and impact of research grants: The case of Brazilian productivity scholarships," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 18(4).
  27. Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens, 2025. "Is the supermultiplier currently nil? - A replication study of Deleidi and Mazzucato (2021)," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(3).
  28. Fengqing Zhang & Erjia Yan & Xin Niu & Yongjun Zhu, 2018. "Joint modeling of the association between NIH funding and its three primary outcomes: patents, publications, and citation impact," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 117(1), pages 591-602, October.
  29. Antonin Bergeaud & Arthur Guillouzouic, 2024. "Proximity of Firms to Scientific Production," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 153, pages 105-134.
  30. Elizabeth Webster & Alfons Palangkaraya & Paul H. Jensen & Russell Thomson, 2024. "The effects of university-industry collaboration subsidies on firm performance," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2024n14, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne.
  31. Qiu, Shumin & Steinwender, Claudia & Azoulay, Pierre, 2025. "Who stands on the shoulders of Chinese (Scientific) Giants? Evidence from chemistry," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(1).
  32. Ashish Arora & Sharon Belenzon & Andrea Patacconi & Jungkyu Suh, 2020. "The Changing Structure of American Innovation: Some Cautionary Remarks for Economic Growth," Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 20(1), pages 39-93.
  33. Marchiori, Carmen & Minelli, Enrico, 2023. "Talent, basic research and growth," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
  34. Abhishek Nagaraj, 2022. "T he P rivate I mpact of P ublic D ata: L andsat S atellite M aps I ncreased G old D iscoveries and E ncouraged E ntry," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(1), pages 564-582, January.
  35. Raphael Calel & Jonathan Colmer & Antoine Dechezleprêtre & Matthieu Glachant, 2025. "Do Carbon Offsets Offset Carbon?," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 17(1), pages 1-40, January.
  36. Zhao, Ran & He, Pinglin, 2024. "Government spending efficiency, fiscal decentralization and regional innovation capability: Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 693-706.
  37. RAITERI Emilio, 2015. "A time to nourish? Evaluating the impact of innovative public procurement on technological generality through patent data," Cahiers du GREThA (2007-2019) 2015-05, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA).
  38. Aslan, Yasemin & Yaqub, Ohid & Rotolo, Daniele & Sampat, Bhaven N., 2023. "Cross-category spillovers in medical research," SocArXiv hpmxd, Center for Open Science.
  39. Gross, Daniel P. & Sampat, Bhaven N., 2025. "The Government Patent Register: A new resource for measuring U.S. government-funded patenting," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(1).
  40. Robbiano, Simone, 2021. "The innovative impact of public research institutes: evidence from Italy," MPRA Paper 106386, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  41. Agarwal, Ruchir & Gaule, Patrick, 2022. "What drives innovation? Lessons from COVID-19 R&D," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
  42. Pierre Azoulay & Danielle Li, 2020. "Scientific Grant Funding," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation and Public Policy, pages 117-150, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  43. Howell, Sabrina T. & Rathje, Jason & Van Reenen, John & Wong, Jun, 2021. "Opening up Military Innovation: Causal Effects of 'Bottom-up' Reforms to U.S. Defense Research," IZA Discussion Papers 14297, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  44. Heath Milsom, Luke & Roland, Isabelle, 2021. "Minimum wages and the China syndrome: causal evidence from US local labor markets," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 113850, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
  45. Andrea Recine & Massimiliano Tancioni, 2025. "Macroeconomic Effects of Government Defense and Non-Defense R&D," Working Papers in Public Economics 262, Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza University of Roma.
  46. Kyle Myers, 2020. "The Elasticity of Science," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 12(4), pages 103-134, October.
  47. Miriam Bruhn & David McKenzie, 2019. "Can Grants to Consortia Spur Innovation and Science-Industry Collaboration? Regression- Discontinuity Evidence from Poland," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 33(3), pages 690-716.
  48. Margaret K. Kyle, 2020. "The Alignment of Innovation Policy and Social Welfare: Evidence from Pharmaceuticals," Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 20(1), pages 95-123.
  49. Fehder, Daniel C. & Hausman, Naomi & Hochberg, Yael V., 2025. "Innovation and capital," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
  50. Margaret E. Blume-Kohout, 2023. "The case of the interrupting funder: dynamic effects of R&D funding and patenting in U.S. universities," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 1221-1242, August.
  51. Fabio Bertolotti & Luca Citino & Andrea Linarello & Francesca Lotti & Elena Padovani & Elena Pisano & Marzia Romanelli & Alessandra Sanelli & Filippo Scoccianti & Enrico Sette & Ernesto Zangari, 2024. "Innovation and public support policies: a comparative analysis," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 898, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
  52. Sebastian Calonico & Rafael Di Tella & Juan Cruz Lopez Del Valle, 2022. "Causal Inference During a Pandemic: Evidence on the Effectiveness of Nebulized Ibuprofen as an Unproven Treatment for COVID-19 in Argentina," NBER Working Papers 30084, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  53. Amitabh Chandra & Courtney Coile & Corina Mommaerts, 2023. "What Can Economics Say about Alzheimer's Disease?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 61(2), pages 428-470, June.
  54. Nicolas Bunde & Nina Czernich & Oliver Falck & Clemens Fuest, 2020. "European public goods: The US ARPA system as a role model for promoting disruptive innovation in Europe?," ifo Forschungsberichte, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 117.
  55. Niccolo Cattadori & Edoardo Frattola & Elena Lazzaro, 2025. "Excellence funds, excellent outcomes? Lessons from Italian university departments," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1505, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
  56. Munari, Federico & Righi, Hérica Morais & Toschi, Laura, 2025. "Across disciplines, to make an impact. The technological impact of boundary-spanning research projects," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
  57. Annita Nugent & Ho Fai Chan & Uwe Dulleck, 2022. "Government funding of university-industry collaboration: exploring the impact of targeted funding on university patent activity," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 127(1), pages 29-73, January.
  58. Charles Ayoubi & Michele Pezzoni & Fabiana Visentin, 2017. "The Important Thing is not to Win, it is to Take Part: What If Scientists Benefit from Participating in Competitive Grant Races?," GREDEG Working Papers 2017-27, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
  59. Daniel P. Gross & Bhaven N. Sampat, 2023. "America, Jump-Started: World War II R&D and the Takeoff of the US Innovation System," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(12), pages 3323-3356, December.
  60. Sarah Guillou & Basheer Kalash & Lionel Nesta & Michele Pezzoni & Evens Salies & Marc-Antoine Faure, 2023. "Impact de la nature du financement de la recherche sur ses résultats," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main) hal-04026916, HAL.
  61. Aidan Hollis, 2016. "Sustainable Financing of Innovative Therapies: A Review of Approaches," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 34(10), pages 971-980, October.
  62. Firoozi, Fathali & Lien, Donald, 2021. "Public Grants Awarded to Private Firms: A Mixed Duopoly Analysis," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 90-96.
  63. Francesco Capozza & Krishna Srinivasan & Mattie Toma, 2025. "Science by Consensus: Eliciting Citizens’ and Experts’ R&D Spending Priorities," CESifo Working Paper Series 12235, CESifo.
  64. Theresa Gullo & Benjamin Page & David Weiner & Heidi L. Williams, 2024. "Estimating the Economic and Budgetary Effects of Research Investments," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 39, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  65. Kevin A. Bryan & Heidi L. Williams, 2021. "Innovation: Market Failures and Public Policies," NBER Working Papers 29173, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  66. Durvasula, Maya & Hemphill, C. Scott & Ouellette, Lisa Larrimore & Sampat, Bhaven & Williams, Heidi L., 2023. "The NBER Orange Book Dataset: A user’s guide," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(7).
  67. Unsal, Omer & Houston, Reza, 2024. "R&D grants and medical innovation," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
  68. Nathaniel Lane, 2020. "The New Empirics of Industrial Policy," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 209-234, June.
  69. Joshua R. Bruce & John M. de Figueiredo, 2020. "Innovation in the U.S. Government," NBER Working Papers 27181, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  70. Chiappinelli, Olga & Giuffrida, Leonardo M. & Spagnolo, Giancarlo, 2023. "Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand?," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-002, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  71. Kyle R. Myers & Lauren Lanahan, 2022. "Estimating Spillovers from Publicly Funded R&D: Evidence from the US Department of Energy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(7), pages 2393-2423, July.
  72. Jianwei DANG & Kazuyuki MOTOHASHI & Quihan ZHAO, 2025. "Patent Information Disclosure and Market Reactions: Empirical investigation by using text-based novelty and impact indicators," Discussion papers 25097, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
  73. Yi, Guanting, 2025. "Health insurance expansion and academic production: The case of Medicare Part D legislation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 367(C).
  74. Benjamin F. Jones, 2021. "Where Innovation Happens, and Where It Does Not," NBER Chapters, in: The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, pages 577-601, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  75. Aaron K. Chatterji & Fiona Murray, 2025. "How Geopolitics Is Changing the Economics of Innovation," NBER Chapters, in: Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, volume 5, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  76. Joshua R. Bruce & John M. de Figueiredo, 2020. "Innovation in the US Government," NBER Chapters, in: The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, pages 433-464, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  77. Sabrina T. Howell & Jason Rathje & John Van Reenen & Jun Wong, 2025. "Opening Up Military Innovation: Causal Effects of Reforms to US Defense Research," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 133(11), pages 3605-3651.
  78. Tobias Schlegel & Curdin Pfister & Dietmar Harhoff & Uschi Backes-Gellner, 2022. "Innovation effects of universities of applied sciences: an assessment of regional heterogeneity," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 63-118, February.
  79. Watzinger, Martin & Schnitzer, Monika, 2019. "Standing on the Shoulders of Science," Rationality and Competition Discussion Paper Series 215, CRC TRR 190 Rationality and Competition.
  80. Aslan, Yasemin & Yaqub, Ohid & Sampat, Bhaven N. & Rotolo, Daniele, 2024. "Unexpectedness in medical research," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(8).
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  82. Kyle, Margaret K., 2022. "Incentives for pharmaceutical innovation: What’s working, what’s lacking," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
  83. Dan ANDREWS & Chiara CRISCUOLO & Dirk PILAT, 2015. "The Future of Productivity Improving the Diffusion of Technology and Knowledge," Communications & Strategies, IDATE, Com&Strat dept., vol. 1(100), pages 85-105, 4th quart.
  84. Nagar, Jay Prakash & Breschi, Stefano & Fosfuri, Andrea, 2024. "ERC science and invention: Does ERC break free from the EU Paradox?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(8).
  85. Brave, Scott A. & Butters, R. Andrew & Fogarty, Michael, 2022. "The perils of working with big data, and a SMALL checklist you can use to recognize them," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 65(4), pages 481-492.
  86. Manuel Hermosilla & Jorge Lemus, 2018. "Therapeutic Translation of Genomic Science: Opportunities and Limitations of GWAS," NBER Chapters, in: Economic Dimensions of Personalized and Precision Medicine, pages 21-52, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  87. Gaétan de Rassenfosse & Adam Jaffe & Emilio Raiteri, 2019. "The procurement of innovation by the U.S. government," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(8), pages 1-11, August.
  88. Dechezlepretre, Antoine & Einiö, Elias & Martin, Ralf & Nguyen, Kieu-Trang & Reenen, John Van, 2016. "Do tax incentives for research increase firm innovation? An RD design for R&D, patents and spillovers," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 66428, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
  89. Pallante, Gianluca & Russo, Emanuele & Roventini, Andrea, 2023. "Does public R&D funding crowd-in private R&D investment? Evidence from military R&D expenditures for US states," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(8).
  90. Ginther, Donna K. & Heggeness, Misty L., 2020. "Administrative discretion in scientific funding: Evidence from a prestigious postdoctoral training program✰," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(4).
  91. repec:osf:socarx:hpmxd_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
  92. Nerlich, Carolin & Köhler-Ulbrich, Petra & Andersson, Malin & Pasqua, Carlo & Abraham, Laurent & Bańkowski, Krzysztof & Emambakhsh, Tina & Ferrando, Annalisa & Grynberg, Charlotte & Groß, Johannes & H, 2025. "Investing in Europe’s green future - Green investment needs, outlook and obstacles to funding the gap," Occasional Paper Series 367, European Central Bank.
  93. Pablo Sanguinetti & Andres Feroce, 2025. "Reassessing the Impact of Innovation Subsidies in Latin America: New Evidence from Panel Survey Data in Argentina," Department of Economics Working Papers 2025_01, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
  94. Kyle Myers & Wei Yang Tham, 2023. "Money, Time, and Grant Design," Papers 2312.06479, arXiv.org.
  95. Pietro Santoleri & Andrea Mina & Alberto Di Minin & Irene Martelli, 2024. "The Causal Effects of R&D Grants: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(6), pages 1495-1510, November.
  96. Donna K. Ginther & Misty L. Heggeness, 2020. "Administrative Discretion in Scientific Funding: Evidence from a Prestigious Postdoctoral Training Program," NBER Working Papers 26841, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  97. Yang, Alex J., 2024. "Unveiling the impact and dual innovation of funded research," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 18(1).
  98. Lu Liu & Benjamin F. Jones & Brian Uzzi & Dashun Wang, 2023. "Data, measurement and empirical methods in the science of science," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 7(7), pages 1046-1058, July.
  99. Xu, Lingling & Zhong, Huijie, 2024. "Identification of high- and new-technology enterprises, supplier relationship and technological innovation: Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
  100. Azoulay, Pierre & Heggeness, Misty & Kao, Jennifer, 2025. "Medical research and health care finance: Evidence from Academic Medical Centers," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(2).
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