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Hedonic Price-Rent Ratios, User Cost, and Departures from Equilibrium in the Housing Market

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  • Robert J. Hill

    ( Karl-Franzens University of Graz)

  • Iqbal A. Syed

    (University of New South Wales)

Abstract

Disequilibrium in the housing market can be detected by comparing the actual price-rent ratio with its equilibrium counterpart obtained from the user-cost condition. Empirical implementation of this idea, however, is problematic because of quality differences between sold and rented dwellings. We develop a hedonic method that resolves this problem even in the presence of omitted variables. Applying this method to a data set consisting of 730,000 individual price and rent transactions we find that quality adjusting significantly reduces the actual price-rent ratio. We then insert these quality adjusted price-rent ratios into the user cost condition to check for departures from equilibrium.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert J. Hill & Iqbal A. Syed, 2014. "Hedonic Price-Rent Ratios, User Cost, and Departures from Equilibrium in the Housing Market," Graz Economics Papers 2014-03, University of Graz, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:grz:wpaper:2014-03
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    2. Waltl, Sofie R., 2018. "Estimating quantile-specific rental yields for residential housing in Sydney," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 204-225.
    3. Cigdem Gedikli & Robert Hill & Oleksandr Talavera & Okan Yilmaz, 2023. "The hidden cost of smoking: Rent premia in the housing market," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 51(3), pages 611-629, May.
    4. Philippe Bracke, 2015. "House Prices and Rents: Microevidence from a Matched Data Set in Central London," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 43(2), pages 403-431, June.
    5. Robert Hill, 2013. "How Can One Tell When the Housing Market Is Out of Equilibrium?," ERES eres2013_59, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    6. Lee, Hung-Wei & Lin, Che-Chun & Tsai, I-Chun, 2023. "Another application of call options: Explaining the divergence between the housing market and the rental market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    7. Ryan Fox & Peter Tulip, 2014. "Is Housing Overvalued?," RBA Research Discussion Papers rdp2014-06, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    8. Kieran McQuinn & Teresa Monteiro & Conor O’Toole, 2021. "House Price Expectations, Labour Market Developments and the House Price to Rent Ratio: A User Cost of Capital Approach," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 25-47, January.
    9. Stefano Colonnello & Roberto Marfè & Qizhou Xiong, 2021. "Housing Yields," Working Papers 2021:21, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", revised 2021.
    10. Robert J. Hill & Miriam Steurer & Sofie R. Waltl, 2019. "Owner-Occupied Housing, Inflation, and Monetary Policy," Graz Economics Papers 2019-05, University of Graz, Department of Economics.
    11. Esmeralda A. Ramalho & Joaquim J. S. Ramalho & Rui Evangelista, 2017. "Combining micro and macro data in hedonic price indexes," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 26(2), pages 317-332, June.
    12. Allen Head & Huw Lloyd‐Ellis & Derek Stacey, 2023. "Heterogeneity, Frictional Assignment, And Home‐Ownership," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 64(3), pages 1265-1308, August.
    13. Robert J. Hill & Miriam Steurer & Sofie R. Waltl, 2017. "Owner Occupied Housing in the CPI and Its Impact On Monetary Policy During Housing Booms and Busts," Graz Economics Papers 2017-12, University of Graz, Department of Economics.
    14. Baltagi, Badi H. & Li, Jing, 2015. "Cointegration of matched home purchases and rental price indexes — Evidence from Singapore," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 80-88.
    15. Goeyvaerts, Geert & Buyst, Erik, 2019. "Do market rents reflect user costs?," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 112-130.
    16. Tianzheng Zhang & Yingxiang Zeng & Yingjie Zhang & Yan Song & Hongxun Li, 2020. "The Heterogenous Demand for Urban Parks between Home Buyers and Renters: Evidence from Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-16, October.
    17. Denisa Naidin & Sofie R. Waltl & Michael Ziegelmeyer, 2022. "Objectified Housing Sales and Rent Prices in Representative Household Surveys: the Impact on Macroeconomic Statistics," LISER Working Paper Series 2022-03, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    18. Andrew Demers & Andrea L. Eisfeldt, 2022. "Total returns to single‐family rentals," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(1), pages 7-32, March.
    19. Liu, Xiangling, 2019. "The income elasticity of housing demand in New South Wales, Australia," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 70-84.
    20. Chen, Jie & Chen, Yu & Hill, Robert J. & Hu, Pei, 2022. "The user cost of housing and the price-rent ratio in Shanghai," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    21. Philippe Bracke, 2013. "House Prices and Rents: Micro Evidence from a Matched Dataset in Central London_x0003_," ERSA conference papers ersa13p112, European Regional Science Association.
    22. Daniel Melser & Robert J. Hill, 2019. "Residential Real Estate, Risk, Return and Diversification: Some Empirical Evidence," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 111-146, July.
    23. Marina Gindelsky & Jeremy G. Moulton & Scott A. Wentland, 2020. "Valuing Housing Services in the Era of Big Data: A User Cost Approach Leveraging Zillow Microdata," NBER Chapters, in: Big Data for Twenty-First-Century Economic Statistics, pages 339-370, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Nana Cui & Hengyu Gu & Tiyan Shen & Changchun Feng, 2018. "The Impact of Micro-Level Influencing Factors on Home Value: A Housing Price-Rent Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-23, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    House price and rent indexes; Quality adjustment; Hedonic imputation; Capital gains; Fisher index; Real estate market; Rental yield;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation
    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets

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