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Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Its Mitigation Strategies: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Gurdeep Singh Malhi

    (Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India)

  • Manpreet Kaur

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India)

  • Prashant Kaushik

    (Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
    Nagano University, 1088 Komaki, Ueda, Nagano 386-0031, Japan)

Abstract

Climate change is a global threat to the food and nutritional security of the world. As greenhouse-gas emissions in the atmosphere are increasing, the temperature is also rising due to the greenhouse effect. The average global temperature is increasing continuously and is predicted to rise by 2 °C until 2100, which would cause substantial economic losses at the global level. The concentration of CO 2 , which accounts for a major proportion of greenhouse gases, is increasing at an alarming rate, and has led to higher growth and plant productivity due to increased photosynthesis, but increased temperature offsets this effect as it leads to increased crop respiration rate and evapotranspiration, higher pest infestation, a shift in weed flora, and reduced crop duration. Climate change also affects the microbial population and their enzymatic activities in soil. This paper reviews the information collected through the literature regarding the issue of climate change, its possible causes, its projection in the near future, its impact on the agriculture sector as an influence on physiological and metabolic activities of plants, and its potential and reported implications for growth and plant productivity, pest infestation, and mitigation strategies and their economic impact.

Suggested Citation

  • Gurdeep Singh Malhi & Manpreet Kaur & Prashant Kaushik, 2021. "Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Its Mitigation Strategies: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1318-:d:488198
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    References listed on IDEAS

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