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The price elasticity of parking: A meta-analysis

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  • Lehner, Stephan
  • Peer, Stefanie

Abstract

The effect of parking fees on parking demand has been investigated in many different contexts, applying a wide variety of study designs. Research that brings together the knowledge derived in these studies systematically, however, is scarce. We conduct a meta-analysis of parking price elasticities based on 50 studies. Using seemingly unrelated regression models we account for the interdependence between the price elasticity of occupancy (EPO), dwell time (EPD), and volume (EPV). We show that estimates of parking elasticities based on stated preference (SP) data lead to different managerial and policy insights than estimates based on revealed preference (RP) data. Given a large amount of reported and unreported variation between the existing studies on parking price elasticities, we provide concrete recommendations for future studies that should warrant a higher degree of comparability and coherence in research design, conduction, and reporting.

Suggested Citation

  • Lehner, Stephan & Peer, Stefanie, 2019. "The price elasticity of parking: A meta-analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 177-191.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:121:y:2019:i:c:p:177-191
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2019.01.014
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    Cited by:

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    2. Albalate, Daniel & Gragera, Albert, 2020. "The impact of curbside parking regulations on car ownership," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    3. Ogulenko, Aleksey & Benenson, Itzhak & Fulman, Nir, 2022. "The nature of the on-street parking search," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 48-68.
    4. Premaratne Samaranayake & Upul Gunawardana & Michael Stokoe, 2023. "Kerbside Parking Assessment Using a Simulation Modelling Approach for Infrastructure Planning—A Metropolitan City Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-24, February.
    5. Ola, Oreoluwa & Menapace, Luisa, 2020. "A meta-analysis understanding smallholder entry into high-value markets," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    6. Shilpa Dogra & Nicholas O’Rourke & Michael Jenkins & Daniel Hoornweg, 2021. "Integrated Urban Mobility for Our Health and the Climate: Recommended Approaches from an Interdisciplinary Consortium," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-12, November.
    7. Jun Li & Sifan Wu & Xiaoman Feng, 2021. "Optimization of On-Street Parking Charges Based on Price Elasticity of the Expected Perceived Parking Cost," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-13, May.
    8. Ostermeijer, Francis & Koster, Hans & Nunes, Leonardo & van Ommeren, Jos, 2022. "Citywide parking policy and traffic: Evidence from Amsterdam," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    9. Gragera, Albert & Hybel, Jesper & Madsen, Edith & Mulalic, Ismir, 2021. "A model for estimation of the demand for on-street parking," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    10. Eliasson, Jonas & Börjesson, Maria, 2022. "Costs and benefits of parking charges in residential areas," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 95-109.
    11. Daniel Albalate & Albert Gragera, 2019. "“The impact of curbside parking regulations on car ownership”," IREA Working Papers 201909, University of Barcelona, Research Institute of Applied Economics, revised Jun 2019.
    12. Tian, Zhihui & Feng, Tao & Yao, Baozhen & Hu, Yan & Zhang, Jing, 2023. "Where to park an autonomous vehicle? Results of a stated choice experiment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Nevland, Erik A. & Gingerich, Kevin & Park, Peter Y., 2020. "A data-driven systematic approach for identifying and classifying long-haul truck parking locations," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 48-59.
    14. Dave, Sanjaykumar M. & Joshi, Gaurang J. & Ravinder, Kayitha & Gore, Ninad, 2019. "Data monitoring for the assessment of on-street parking demand in CBD areas of developing countries," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 152-171.
    15. Zhou, Xizhen & Lv, Mengqi & Ji, Yanjie & Zhang, Shuichao & Liu, Yong, 2023. "Pricing curb parking: Differentiated parking fees or cash rewards?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 46-58.
    16. Francis Ostermeijer & Hans RA Koster & Leonardo Nunes & Jos van Ommeren, 2021. "Citywide parking policy and traffic: Evidence from Amsterdam," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 21-015/VIII, Tinbergen Institute.
    17. Andrés Rodríguez & Luigi dell’Olio & José Luis Moura & Borja Alonso & Rubén Cordera, 2023. "Modelling Parking Choice Behaviour Considering Alternative Availability and Systematic and Random Variations in User Tastes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, May.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Parking occupancy; Parking demand; Meta-analysis; Price elasticity; SUR;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R40 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - General
    • R42 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Government and Private Investment Analysis; Road Maintenance; Transportation Planning
    • R48 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Government Pricing and Policy

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