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Discrimination as a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: Evidence from French Grocery Stores

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Halla, Martin & Kah, Christopher & Sausgruber, Rupert, 2021. "Testing for Ethnic Discrimination in Outpatient Health Care: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Germany," Department of Economics Working Paper Series 319, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business.
  2. Ayaita, Adam, 2021. "Labor Market Discrimination and Statistical Differences in Unobserved Characteristics of Applicants," EconStor Preprints 236615, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
  3. Guido Friebel & Matthias Heinz & Nikolay Zubanov, 2022. "Middle Managers, Personnel Turnover, and Performance: A Long‐Term Field Experiment in a Retail Chain," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(1), pages 211-229, January.
  4. Asad, Sher Afghan & Banerjee, Ritwik & Bhattacharya, Joydeep, 2020. "Do workers discriminate against their out-group employers? Evidence from the gig economy," ISU General Staff Papers 202002230800001098, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
  5. Sule Alan & Enes Duysak & Elif Kubilay & Ipek Mumcu, 2023. "Social Exclusion and Ethnic Segregation in Schools: The Role of Teachers' Ethnic Prejudice," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(5), pages 1039-1054, September.
  6. J. Michelle Brock & Ralph De Haas, 2023. "Discriminatory Lending: Evidence from Bankers in the Lab," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 31-68, April.
  7. Simon Columbus & Lars P. Feld & Matthias Kasper & Matthew D. Rablen, 2023. "Behavioural Responses to Unfair Institutions: Experimental Evidence on Rule Compliance, Norm Polarisation, and Trust," CESifo Working Paper Series 10591, CESifo.
  8. Aksoy, Billur & Chadd, Ian & Koh, Boon Han, 2023. "Sexual identity, gender, and anticipated discrimination in prosocial behavior," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
  9. Billur Aksoy & Ian Chadd & Boon Han Koh, 2022. "(Anticipated) Discrimination against Sexual Minorities in Prosocial Domains," University of East Anglia School of Economics Working Paper Series 2021-08, School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK..
  10. Martin Brun & Xavier Ramos, 2025. "Attitudes to income inequality and redistribution," Working Papers 33, Finnish Centre of Excellence in Tax Systems Research.
  11. Tarun Jain & Diva Dhar & Vrinda Kapoor & Vrinda Kapur & Anita Raj, 2022. "Measuring gender attitudes: Developing and testing Implicit Association Tests for adolescents in India," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(6), pages 1-16, June.
  12. Abel, Martin & Robbett, Andrea & Stone, Daniel F., 2024. "Partisan Discrimination in Hiring," IZA Discussion Papers 17540, IZA Network @ LISER.
  13. Gagnon, Nickolas & Nosenzo, Daniele, 2025. "Discrimination Preferences," EconStor Preprints 323979, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
  14. Niels Boissonnet & Alexis Ghersengorin & Simon Gleyze, 2022. "Revealed Deliberate Preference Change," Working Papers hal-03672734, HAL.
  15. Sergey Chernenko & David S. Scharfstein, 2022. "Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program," NBER Working Papers 29748, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  16. Kai Barron & Ruth Ditlmann & Stefan Gehrig & Sebastian Schweighofer-Kodritsch, 2025. "Explicit and Implicit Belief-Based Gender Discrimination: A Hiring Experiment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(2), pages 1600-1622, February.
  17. Weiguang Liu, 2018. "The Self-Ful?lling Discriminations and Mismatches for Old Workers and Poor Workers," Applied Economics and Finance, Redfame publishing, vol. 5(1), pages 58-74, January.
  18. Kelley,Erin Munro & Lane,Gregory & Pecenco,Matthew Giovanni & Rubin,Edward, 2022. "Customer Discrimination in the Workplace: Evidence from Online Sales," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10228, The World Bank.
  19. Azmat, Ghazala & Boring, Anne, 2020. "Gender Diversity in Firms," IZA Policy Papers 168, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  20. Francesco D’Acunto & Geoffrey Tate & Liu Yang, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Teams: Diversity of Skills and Early-Stage Growth," Working Papers 20-45, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
  21. Kapoor, Sacha & Magesan, Arvind, 2019. "Having it easy: Discrimination and specialization in the workplace," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 153-173.
  22. Mackenzie Alston, 2023. "Eliminating discrimination in hiring isn’t enough," World of Labour, LISER, pages 508-508, May.
  23. Erin Hengel, 2022. "Publishing While Female: are Women Held to Higher Standards? Evidence from Peer Review," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 132(648), pages 2951-2991.
  24. Nikoloz Kudashvili & Philipp Lergetporer, 2019. "Do Minorities Misrepresent Their Ethnicity to Avoid Discrimination?," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp644, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
  25. Boring, Anne & Philippe, Arnaud, 2021. "Reducing discrimination in the field: Evidence from an awareness raising intervention targeting gender biases in student evaluations of teaching," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
  26. Zussman, Asaf, 2021. "Scapegoating in evaluation decisions," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 152-163.
  27. J. Aislinn Bohren & Kareem Haggag & Alex Imas & Devin G. Pope, 2025. "Inaccurate Statistical Discrimination: An Identification Problem," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 107(3), pages 605-620, May.
  28. Blair, Peter Q. & Debroy, Papia & Heck, Justin, 2025. "Skills, degrees, and labor market inequality," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
  29. Steven Bednar & Dora Gicheva, 2018. "Career Implications of Having a Female-Friendly Supervisor," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 71(2), pages 426-457, March.
  30. Paul Heidhues & Botond KH{o}szegi & Philipp Strack, 2019. "Overconfidence and Prejudice," Papers 1909.08497, arXiv.org.
  31. Mallory Avery & Andreas Leibbrandt & Joseph Vecci, 2023. "Does Artificial Intelligence Help or Hurt Gender Diversity? Evidence from Two Field Experiments on Recruitment in Tech," Monash Economics Working Papers 2023-09, Monash University, Department of Economics.
  32. Rodríguez Chatruc, Marisol & Rozo, Sandra V., 2024. "In someone else’s shoes: Reducing prejudice through perspective taking," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
  33. Alex Armand & Paul Atwell & Joseph F. Gomes & Yannik Schenk, 2023. "It’s a Bird, it’s a Plane, it’s Superman! Using Mass Media to fight Intolerance," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2023012, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
  34. Diya Abraham & Ondrej Krcal, 2026. "(De)Motivational Effects of Feeling (Dis)Trusted," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2026-03, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
  35. Grover,Arti Goswami & Imbruno,Michele, 2020. "Using Experimental Evidence to Inform Firm Support Programs in Developing Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9461, The World Bank.
  36. Alexia Delfino, 2024. "Breaking Gender Barriers: Experimental Evidence on Men in Pink-Collar Jobs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(6), pages 1816-1853, June.
  37. Takeshi Murooka & Yuichi Yamamoto, 2021. "Misspecified Bayesian Learning by Strategic Players: First-Order Misspecification and Higher-Order Misspecification," OSIPP Discussion Paper 21E008, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University.
  38. Valentina Paredes & M. Daniele Paserman & Francisco J. Pino, 2025. "Does Economics Make You Sexist?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 107(5), pages 1247-1259, September.
  39. Bohnet, Iris & Hauser, Oliver P. & Kristal, Ariella S., 2025. "Can gender and race dynamics in performance appraisals be disrupted? The case of social influence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
  40. Patrick Bayer & Kerwin Kofi Charles & Ellora Derenoncourt, 2025. "Racial Inequality in the Labor Market," Working Papers 343, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
  41. Darya Korlyakova, 2022. "Do Pessimistic Expectations About Discrimination Make Minorities Withdraw Their Effort? Causal Evidence," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp731, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
  42. David Neumark, 2018. "Experimental Research on Labor Market Discrimination," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 56(3), pages 799-866, September.
  43. Boissonnet, Niels & Ghersengorin, Alexis & Gleyze, Simon, 2023. "Revealed deliberate preference change," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 357-367.
  44. Lepage, Louis Pierre, 2021. "Endogenous learning, persistent employer biases, and discrimination," CLEF Working Paper Series 34, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
  45. Bhagavatula, Suresh & Bhalla, Manaswini & Goel, Manisha & Vissa, Balagopal, 2023. "Social diversity in corporate boards and firm outcomes," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
  46. Jeffrey A. Flory & Andreas Leibbrandt & Christina Rott & Olga Stoddard, 2024. "Leader Signals and “Growth Mindset”: A Natural Field Experiment in Attracting Minorities to High-Profile Positions," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 70(8), pages 4953-4973, August.
  47. Lester Lusher & Geoffrey C. Schnorr & Rebecca L.C. Taylor, 2022. "Unemployment Insurance as a Worker Indiscipline Device? Evidence from Scanner Data," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 14(2), pages 285-319, April.
  48. Zarit Sofia Aini Zakaria & Faizah Mohd Fakhruddin, 2025. "Discrimination in the Workplace: A Case of Discrimination at U Mart in Gelang Patah, Johor, Malaysia," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(2), pages 2693-2720, February.
  49. Chen, Shuoyu & Collins, Clay & Collins, Ivy, 2025. "Discrimination and subjective player ratings: Evidence from China," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
  50. Menzel, Andreas & Woodruff, Christopher, 2021. "Gender wage gaps and worker mobility: Evidence from the garment sector in Bangladesh," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
  51. Leonardo Bursztyn & Thomas Chaney & Tarek Alexander Hassan & Aakash Rao, 2021. "The Immigrant Next Door: Exposure, Prejudice, and Altruism," Working Papers 2021-16, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
  52. Rocco Macchiavello & Andreas Menzel & Atonu Rabbani & Christopher Woodruff, 2020. "Challenges of Change: An Experiment Promoting Women to Managerial Roles in the Bangladeshi Garment Sector," NBER Working Papers 27606, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  53. KAREKURVE-RAMACHANDRA, VARUN & sood, Gaurav, 2024. "The Limits of Electoral Gender Quotas in Rural Local Bodies," OSF Preprints 4uscb, Center for Open Science.
  54. Lepage, Louis Pierre, 2020. "Endogenous learning and the persistence of employer biases in the labor market," CLEF Working Paper Series 24, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
  55. Rakshit, Sonali & Sahoo, Soham, 2023. "Biased teachers and gender gap in learning outcomes: Evidence from India," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
  56. Abraham, Lisa, 2023. "The gender gap in performance reviews," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 459-492.
  57. H. Colleen Stuart & Roman V. Galperin, 2026. "The Quantity-Quality Tradeoff: How Incentives and Monitoring Shape Gender Differences at Work," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(1), pages 71-89, January.
  58. Jiadong Gu & Peter Norman, 2020. "A Search Model of Statistical Discrimination," Papers 2004.06645, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2020.
  59. Bousquet, Julie & Gasten, Anna & Kadigo, Mark Marvin & Maystadt, Jean-François & Salemi, Colette, 2025. "Does perceived labor market competition increase prejudice between refugees and their local hosts? Evidence from Uganda and Ethiopia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
  60. Paul Osterman, 2024. "Reconsidering Occupational Internal Labor Markets: Incidence and Consequences," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 77(3), pages 366-395, May.
  61. Suchon, Rémi & Houser, Daniel, 2022. "Image spillovers in groups and misreporting," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 302-314.
  62. Asad, Sher Afghan & Banerjee, Ritwik & Bhattacharya, Joydeep, 2023. "Do workers discriminate against their out-group employers? Evidence from an online platform economy," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 221-242.
  63. Lee, Ines & Lleó-Bono, Ana & Rauh, Christopher & Tipoe, Eileen, 2025. "The Causal Effects of Confidence Awareness on Financial Literacy and Behaviour," CEPR Discussion Papers 20771, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
  64. Kerstin Grosch & Holger A. Rau, 2020. "Procedural Unfair Wage Differentials And Their Effects On Unethical Behavior," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 58(4), pages 1689-1706, October.
  65. Duryea, Suzanne & Millán-Quijano, Jaime & Morrison, Judith & Oviedo, Yanira, 2025. "Measuring racial bias in employment services in Colombia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
  66. Eren, Ozkan, 2023. "Potential in-group bias at work: Evidence from performance evaluations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 296-312.
  67. Jonas Fluchtmann & Anita M. Glenny & Nikolaj A. Harmon & Jonas Maibom, 2024. "The Gender Application Gap: Do Men and Women Apply for the Same Jobs?," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 16(2), pages 182-219, May.
  68. Petur O. Jonsson, 2025. "On Intersectionality, Groups, Discrimination, and Labor Markets," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 31(4), pages 281-299, November.
  69. Simonetta Longhi, 2020. "Racial wage differentials in developed countries," World of Labour, LISER, pages 365-365, October.
  70. Nayoung Rim & Roman Rivera & Andrea Kiss & Bocar Ba, 2020. "The Black-White Recognition Gap in Award Nominations," Working Papers 2020-065, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
  71. Majid Ahmadi & Gwen-Jirō Clochard & Jeff Lachman & John A. List, 2025. "Toward an Understanding of Discrimination When Multiple Channels Exist," NBER Working Papers 33391, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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  73. Zoë Cullen & Ricardo Perez-Truglia, 2023. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(7), pages 1703-1740, July.
  74. Nicholas W. Papageorge & Seth Gershenson & Kyung Min Kang, 2020. "Teacher Expectations Matter," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 102(2), pages 234-251, May.
  75. Silva Goncalves, Juliana & van Veldhuizen, Roel, 2020. "Subjective Judgment and Gender Bias in Advice: Evidence from the Laboratory," Working Papers 2020:27, Lund University, Department of Economics.
  76. Peter Andre, 2021. "Shallow Meritocracy: An Experiment on Fairness Views," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series crctr224_2021_318v1, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany.
  77. Elisa Baldazzi & Pietro Biroli & Marina Della Giusta & Florent Dubois, 2025. "Seeing Stereotypes," Papers 2503.02146, arXiv.org.
  78. Sébastien Willis, 2022. "Workplace Segregation and the Labour Market Performance of Immigrants," CESifo Working Paper Series 9895, CESifo.
  79. Dewan, Torun & Wolton, Stephane, 2019. "A Political Economy of Social Discrimination," MPRA Paper 94394, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  80. Chernenko, Sergey & Scharfstein, David, 2024. "Racial disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
  81. Govind, Yajna & Melbourne, Jack & Signorelli, Sara & Zink, Edith, 2024. "The Making of a Ghetto Place-Based Policies, Labeling, and Impacts on Neighborhoods and Individuals," IZA Discussion Papers 17573, IZA Network @ LISER.
  82. Principe, Francesco & van Ours, Jan C., 2022. "Racial bias in newspaper ratings of professional football players," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
  83. Chatruc,Marisol Rodríguez & Rozo Villarraga,Sandra Viviana, 2021. "In Someone Else’s Shoes : Reducing Prejudice Through Perspective Taking," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9866, The World Bank.
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  88. Broockman, David E. & Soltas, Evan J., 2020. "A natural experiment on discrimination in elections," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
  89. Kondylis, Florence & Legovini, Arianna & Vyborny, Kate & Zwager, Astrid & Andrade, Luiza, 2025. "Demand for “Safe Space”: Avoiding harassment and complying with norms," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
  90. Doerrenberg, Philipp & Duncan, Denvil & Li, Danyang, 2024. "The (in)visible hand: Do workers discriminate against employers?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
  91. Elizabeth Linos & Sanaz Mobasseri & Nina Roussille, 2025. "Intersectional Peer Effects at Work: The Effect of White Coworkers on Black Women’s Careers," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(9), pages 7600-7630, September.
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  96. repec:oup:qjecon:v:136:y:2021:i:1:p:115-168. is not listed on IDEAS
  97. Yang, Xiaoliang & Zhou, Peng, 2025. "Unveiling citation bias in economics: Taste-based discrimination against Chinese-authored papers," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
  98. Fanfani, Bernardo, 2022. "Tastes for discrimination in monopsonistic labour markets," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
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