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LES OPPORTUNITES DES INVESTISSEMENTS DIRECTS ETRANGERS LES OPPORTUNITES DES INVESTISSEMENTS DIRECTS ETRANGERS, DIFFUSION TECHNOLOGIQUE ET DEMANDE DE LA MAIN-D’OEUVRE PAR QUALIFICATION DES INDUSTRIES TUNISIENNES. Y a-t-il un biais technologique en faveur des travailleurs qualifiés ? TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFUSION AND THE LABOUR-DEMAND BY SKILL: THE CASE OF TUNISIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Is there skilled based technological changes?

Author

Listed:
  • Sami SAAFI

    (Unité de Recherche d’Analyses Quantitatives Appliquées (UAQUAP)- ISG de Tunis)

  • Fouzi SBOUI

    (URECA, FSEG Sfax, Tunisie)

Abstract

L’objectif de cet article est de déterminer les effets de la diffusion des innovations technologiques sur la demande de la main d’oeuvre par qualification des industries pour le cas d’un pays en développement (en l’occurrence la Tunisie) en utilisant des données de panel sur la période 1997-2006. Cette étude présente trois originalités. La première tient aux canaux de la diffusion des innovations technologiques. La deuxième originalité tient à la prise en compte des coûts d’ajustement. La troisième originalité tient à la nature de données utilisées. L’étude économétrique montre l’existence d’un biais technologique, qui favorise la demande des cadres -supposés la main-d’oeuvre la plus qualifiée- par les industries. A cet effet s’ajoute un second effet favorable à la main d’oeuvre qualifiée: cette dernière est plus fortement complémentaire au capital que les ouvriers, qui sont supposés la main-d’oeuvre non qualifiée. Nous montrons enfin une forte corrélation entre les flux d’emplois (créations, destructions) et les différents canaux de la diffusion technologique. The aim of this article is to investigate empirically the effect of technological innovations diffusion on industry's labour demand by skill in the case of developing countries (especially in Tunisia). To this end, a panel data set over the period 1997-2006 was used. This research presents three originalities. The first depends on the channels of technological diffusion. The second originality takes into considerations the adjustment costs. The third originality is due to the nature of used data. The econometric research suggests the existence of skill-biased technical change that favour the industries demand of managers. These later are supposed the most skilled-labour. In addition to this effect, they complement the capital We show finally a labour. -rather than the manual workers, who are supposed unskilledstrong correlation between the job flows (creations, destructions) and the different channels of technological diffusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Sami SAAFI & Fouzi SBOUI, 2011. "LES OPPORTUNITES DES INVESTISSEMENTS DIRECTS ETRANGERS LES OPPORTUNITES DES INVESTISSEMENTS DIRECTS ETRANGERS, DIFFUSION TECHNOLOGIQUE ET DEMANDE DE LA MAIN-D’OEUVRE PAR QUALIFICATION DES INDUSTRIES T," Working Papers 240, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
    • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:240
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    diffusion de la technologie; demande d’emplois; qualification; biais technologique; données de panel; Tunisie. Technological Diffusion; Labour Demand; Qualification; skill-biased technical change; Panel Data; Tunisia.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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