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Aggregate Consequences of Credit Subsidy Policies: Firm Dynamics and Misallocation

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  • In Hwan Jo

    (National University of Singapore)

  • Tatsuro Senga

    (Queen Mary University of London)

Abstract

Government policies that attempt to alleviate credit constraints faced by small and young firms are widely adopted across countries. We study the aggregate impact of such targeted credit subsidies in a heterogeneous firm model with collateral constraints and endogenous entry and exit. A defining feature of our model is a non-Gaussian process of firm-level productivity, which allows us to capture the skewed firm size distribution seen in the Business Dynamics Statistics (BDS). We compare the welfare and aggregate productivity implications of our non-Gaussian process to those of a standard AR(1) process. While credit subsidies resolve misallocation of resources and enhance aggregate productivity, increased factor prices, in equilibrium, reduce the number of firms in production, which in turn depresses aggregate productivity. We show that the latter indirect general equilibrium effects dominate the former direct productivity gains in a model with the standard AR(1) process, as compared to our non-Gaussian process, under which both welfare and aggregate productivity increase by subsidy policies. ​

Suggested Citation

  • In Hwan Jo & Tatsuro Senga, 2018. "Aggregate Consequences of Credit Subsidy Policies: Firm Dynamics and Misallocation," 2018 Meeting Papers 955, Society for Economic Dynamics.
  • Handle: RePEc:red:sed018:955
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    2. Macnamara, Patrick, 2019. "Taxes and financial frictions: Implications for corporate capital structure," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 82-100.
    3. Marios Karabarbounis & Patrick Macnamara, 2021. "Misallocation and Financial Frictions: the Role of Long-Term Financing," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 40, pages 44-63, April.
    4. Alex Clymo, 2018. "Firm Dynamics at the Zero Lower Bound," 2018 Meeting Papers 912, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    5. Kumari, Ranpati Dewage Thilini Sumudu & Chen, Shawn Xiaoguang & Li, Bei & Tang, Sam Hak Kan, 2023. "Can land misallocation be a greater barrier to development than capital? Evidence from manufacturing firms in Sri Lanka," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    6. Alessandro Di Nola & Leo Kaas & Haomin Wang, 2023. "Rescue policies for small businesses in the Covid-19 recession," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 51, pages 579-603, December.
    7. Manav Raj, 2021. "A house divided: Legislative competition and young firm survival in the United States," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(13), pages 2389-2419, December.
    8. Andrea Lanteri & Adriano A. Rampini, 2023. "Constrained-Efficient Capital Reallocation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(2), pages 354-395, February.
    9. Alex Clymo & Filip Rozsypal, 2022. "Firm Cyclicality and Financial Frictions," Discussion Papers 2207, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    10. Shuangjie Li & Huifang E & Liming Wang & Huidan Xue, 2023. "Factor Misallocation and Optimization in China’s Manufacturing Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-21, February.
    11. Alessandro Di Nola & Leo Kaas & Haomin Wang, 2023. "Rescue policies for small businesses in the Covid-19 recession," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 51, pages 579-603, December.
    12. Ruiz-García, J. C., 2021. "Financial Frictions, Firm Dynamics and the Aggregate Economy: Insights from Richer Productivity Processes," Janeway Institute Working Papers 2103, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    13. Ruiz-García, J. C., 2021. "Financial Frictions, Firm Dynamics and the Aggregate Economy: Insights from Richer Productivity Processes," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2157, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.

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    JEL classification:

    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance

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