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From Urban Catastrophe to ‘Model’ City? Politics, Security and Development in Post-conflict Kigali

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  • Tom Goodfellow
  • Alyson Smith

Abstract

In the years immediately after the 1994 Rwandan genocide, Kigali was a site of continuing crisis amid extraordinary levels of urban population growth, as refugees returned to Rwanda in their millions. Yet unlike many post-conflict cities that spiral into endemic crime and instability, it was rapidly securitised in the context of political consolidation and large amounts of foreign aid, and hailed by the UN as a ‘model, modern city’. This paper analyses the government’s approach to securitising Kigali, interrogating how its rapid trajectory from epicentre of conflict to carefully planned showcase for development has been achieved. It is argued that Kigali bears the weight of many of Rwanda’s development aspirations and keeping it secure and orderly is viewed as critical by the government. After examining the national and local processes through which the government has aimed to achieve ‘secure urbanisation’, the potential longer-term implications of its urban development strategy are considered.

Suggested Citation

  • Tom Goodfellow & Alyson Smith, 2013. "From Urban Catastrophe to ‘Model’ City? Politics, Security and Development in Post-conflict Kigali," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 50(15), pages 3185-3202, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:50:y:2013:i:15:p:3185-3202
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098013487776
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mark McGillivray & Oliver Morrissey, 2000. "Aid fungibility in Assessing Aid: red herring or true concern?," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(3), pages 413-428, April.
    2. Rachel Hayman, 2009. "From Rome to Accra via Kigali: 'Aid Effectiveness' in Rwanda," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 27(5), pages 581-599, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tom Goodfellow, 2018. "Seeing Political Settlements through the City: A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Urban Transformation," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 49(1), pages 199-222, January.
    2. Tom Goodfellow, 2017. "Urban Fortunes and Skeleton Cityscapes: Real Estate and Late Urbanization in Kigali and Addis Ababa," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(5), pages 786-803, September.
    3. Ernest Uwayezu & Walter T. de Vries, 2019. "Expropriation of Real Property in Kigali City: Scoping the Patterns of Spatial Justice," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-29, January.

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