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Sudden Stop: Supply and Demand Shocks in the German Natural Gas Market

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  • Jochen Güntner
  • Magnus Reif
  • Maik Wolters
  • Maik H. Wolters

Abstract

We use a structural VAR model to study the German natural gas market and investigate the impact of the 2022 Russian supply stop on the German economy. Combining conventional and narrative sign restrictions, we find that gas supply and demand shocks have large and persistent price effects, while output effects tend to be moderate. The 2022 natural gas price spike was driven by adverse supply shocks and positive storage demand shocks, as Germany filled its inventories before the winter. Counterfactual simulations of an embargo on natural gas imports from Russia indicate similar positive price and negative output effects compared to what we observe in the data.

Suggested Citation

  • Jochen Güntner & Magnus Reif & Maik Wolters & Maik H. Wolters, 2024. "Sudden Stop: Supply and Demand Shocks in the German Natural Gas Market," CESifo Working Paper Series 11191, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11191
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    energy crisis; German natural gas market; narrative sign restrictions; natural gas price; structural scenario analysis; vector-autoregression;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • F51 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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