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The Impact of U.S. Monetary Policy on Foreign Firms

Author

Listed:
  • Julian di Giovanni

    (Federal Reserve Bank of New York
    CEPR)

  • John Rogers

    (Fudan University)

Abstract

This paper uses cross-country firm-level data to explore the impact of U.S. monetary policy shocks on firms’ sales, investment, and employment. We estimate a significant impact of U.S. monetary policy on the average foreign firm, while controlling for other macroeconomic and financial variables like the VIX and exchange rate fluctuations that accompany U.S. monetary policy changes. We then estimate the role of international trade exposure and financial constraints in transmitting monetary policy shocks to firms, allowing for a better identification of the importance of external demand effects and the financial channel. We first exploit cross-country-sector-level data on intermediate and final goods to show that greater global production linkages amplify the impact of U.S. monetary policy at the firm level. We then show that the impact varies along the firm-level distribution of proxies for firms’ financial constraints (e.g., size and net worth), with the impact being significantly attenuated for less constrained firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Julian di Giovanni & John Rogers, 2024. "The Impact of U.S. Monetary Policy on Foreign Firms," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 72(1), pages 58-115, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:imfecr:v:72:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1057_s41308-023-00218-7
    DOI: 10.1057/s41308-023-00218-7
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    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F40 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - General

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